This first volume covers the mechanics of point particles, gravitation, extended systems (starting from the two-body system), the basic concepts of relativistic mechanics and the mechanics of rigid bodies and fluids. It is part of a four-volumetextbook, which covers electromagnetism, mechanics, fluids andthermodynamics, and waves and light, and is designed to reflect the typicalsyllabus during the first two years of a calculus-based university physics program. Throughout all four volumes, particular attentionis paid to in-depth clarification of conceptual aspects, and to this end thehistorical roots of the principal concepts are traced. Writings by the founders of classicalmechanics, G. Galilei and I. Newton, are reproduced, encouraging students to consult them. Emphasisis also consistently placed on the experimental basis of the concepts, highlighting the experimental natureof physics. Whenever feasible at the elementary level, concepts relevantto more advanced courses in modern physics are included. Each chapter begins with an introduction that briefly describes thesubjects to be discussed and ends with a summary of the main results. A numberof "Questions" are included to help readers check their level of understanding. The textbook offers an ideal resourcefor physics students, lecturers and, last but not least, all those seeking a deeper understanding of the experimental basics of physics.