The Chinese Communist Party&’s complex and contradictory embrace of capitalism has played a pivotal role in shaping China&’s economic reforms since the late 1970s. This book explores the persistent tensions between state control and market forces in China. It shows how these tensions provide a framework to understand Xi Jinping&’s recent efforts to tighten control over the Chinese economy. The book evaluates the broader implications of these policies for China&’s economic trajectory and its global trade relationships.