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Computational Methods in Physics: Compendium for Students (Graduate Texts in Physics)
by Martin Horvat Simon ŠircaThis book is intended to help advanced undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students in their daily work by offering them a compendium of numerical methods. The choice of methods pays significant attention to error estimates, stability and convergence issues, as well as optimization of program execution speeds. Numerous examples are given throughout the chapters, followed by comprehensive end-of-chapter problems with a more pronounced physics background, while less stress is given to the explanation of individual algorithms. The readers are encouraged to develop a certain amount of skepticism and scrutiny instead of blindly following readily available commercial tools. The second edition has been enriched by a chapter on inverse problems dealing with the solution of integral equations, inverse Sturm-Liouville problems, as well as retrospective and recovery problems for partial differential equations. The revised text now includes an introduction to sparse matrix methods, the solution of matrix equations, and pseudospectra of matrices; it discusses the sparse Fourier, non-uniform Fourier and discrete wavelet transformations, the basics of non-linear regression and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; it demonstrates the key concepts in solving stiff differential equations and the asymptotics of Sturm-Liouville eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Among other updates, it also presents the techniques of state-space reconstruction, methods to calculate the matrix exponential, generate random permutations and compute stable derivatives.
Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation: 12th Italian Workshop, WIVACE 2017, Venice, Italy, September 19-21, 2017, Revised Selected Papers (Communications In Computer And Information Science #830)
by Irene Poli Marcello Pelillo Marco Villani Roberto Serra Andrea Roli Debora SlanziThis book constitutes the revised selected papers of the 12th Italian Workshop on Advances in Artificial Life, Evolutionary Computation, WIVACE 2017, held in Venice, Italy, in September 2017.The 23 full papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. They cover the following topics: physical-chemical phenomena; biological systems; economy and society; complexity; optimization.
Situational Privacy and Self-Disclosure: Communication Processes in Online Environments
by Philipp K. MasurUsing both a theoretical argumentation and an empirical investigation, this book rationalizes the view that in order to understand people’s privacy perceptions and behaviors, a situational perspective needs to be adopted.To this end, the book is divided into three parts. Part I advances the theory of situational privacy and self-disclosure by discussing impacts of new information and communication technologies on traditional theories of privacy and self-disclosure. Based on five basic suppositions, it describes three major processes of the theory: pre-situational privacy regulations processes, situational privacy perception and self-disclosure processes, and post-situational evaluation processes. Next, Part II presents the application of the theory to smartphone-based communication. It first analyses how people choose certain communication environments on their smartphones, how they manipulate them, and how these external factors affect self-disclosure within these environments. It then details a multi-method study conducted to test the derived assumptions and discusses the obtained results. Part III reflects on the overall implications of the theory, summarizes the major findings and lastly considers possible extensions and perspectives on future research.Intended mainly for researchers in privacy and communication studies, the book offers privacy scholars a systematic review of both classic and contemporary theories of privacy and self-disclosure. At the same time, communication scholars benefit from an additional methodological discussion of the mobile experience sampling method, which provides an invaluable approach to measuring situational communication processes.
Applied Reconfigurable Computing. Architectures, Tools, and Applications: 14th International Symposium, Arc 2018, Santorini, Greece, May 2-4, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes In Computer Science #10824)
by Pedro C. Diniz Diana Goehringer Michael Huebner Nikolaos Voros Georgios Keramidas Christos AntonopoulosThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2018, held in Santorini, Greece, in May 2018. <P><P> The 29 full papers and 22 short presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. In addition, the volume contains 9 contributions from research projects. The papers were organized in topical sections named: machine learning and neural networks; FPGA-based design and CGRA optimizations; applications and surveys; fault-tolerance, security and communication architectures; reconfigurable and adaptive architectures; design methods and fast prototyping; FPGA-based design and applications; and special session: research projects.
Jaya: An Advanced Engineering Optimization Algorithm And Its Applications
by Ravipudi Venkata RaoThis book introduces readers to the “Jaya” algorithm, an advanced optimization technique that can be applied to many physical and engineering systems. It describes the algorithm, discusses its differences with other advanced optimization techniques, and examines the applications of versions of the algorithm in mechanical, thermal, manufacturing, electrical, computer, civil and structural engineering.In real complex optimization problems, the number of parameters to be optimized can be very large and their influence on the goal function can be very complicated and nonlinear in character. Such problems cannot be solved using classical methods and advanced optimization methods need to be applied. The Jaya algorithm is an algorithm-specific parameter-less algorithm that builds on other advanced optimization techniques. The application of Jaya in several engineering disciplines is critically assessed and its success compared with other complex optimization techniques such as Genetic Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and other recently developed algorithms.
Intuitionistic Fuzziness and Other Intelligent Theories and Their Applications (Studies in Computational Intelligence #757)
by M Hadjiski K T AtanassovThis book gathers extended versions of the best papers presented at the 8th IEEE conference on Intelligent Systems, held in Sofia, Bulgaria on September 4–6, 2016, which are mainly related to theoretical research in the area of intelligent systems. The main focus is on novel developments in fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets, the mathematical modelling tool of generalized nets and the newly defined method of intercriteria analysis. The papers reflect a broad and diverse team of authors, including many young researchers from Australia, Bulgaria, China, the Czech Republic, Iran, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, South Korea and the UK.
Handbook of Mathematical Geosciences: Fifty Years of IAMG
by Frits Agterberg B.S. Daya Sagar Qiuming ChengThis Open Access handbook published at the IAMG's 50th anniversary, presents a compilation of invited path-breaking research contributions by award-winning geoscientists who have been instrumental in shaping the IAMG. It contains 45 chapters that are categorized broadly into five parts (i) theory, (ii) general applications, (iii) exploration and resource estimation, (iv) reviews, and (v) reminiscences covering related topics like mathematical geosciences, mathematical morphology, geostatistics, fractals and multifractals, spatial statistics, multipoint geostatistics, compositional data analysis, informatics, geocomputation, numerical methods, and chaos theory in the geosciences.
Human Friendly Robotics: 10th International Workshop (Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics #7)
by Fanny Ficuciello Fabio Ruggiero Alberto FinziThe International Workshop on Human-Friendly Robotics (HFR) is an annual meeting that brings together academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results on all aspects related to the introduction of robots into everyday life. HFR collects contributions on current developments of a new generation of human-friendly robots, i.e., safe and dependable machines, operating in the close vicinity to humans or directly interacting with them in a wide range of domains. The papers contained in the book describe the newest and most original achievements in the field of human-robot-interaction coming from the work and ideas of young researchers. The contributions cover a wide range of topics related to human-robot interaction, both physical and cognitive, including theories, methodologies, technologies, empirical and experimental studies.
Fundamentals of Java Programming
by Mitsunori OgiharaMaking extensive use of examples, this textbook on Java programming teaches the fundamental skills for getting started in a command-line environment. Meant to be used for a one-semester course to build solid foundations in Java, Fundamentals of Java Programming eschews second-semester content to concentrate on over 180 code examples and 250 exercises.Key object classes (String, Scanner, PrintStream, Arrays, and File) are included to get started in Java programming. The programs are explained with almost line-by-line descriptions, also with chapter-by-chapter coding exercises.Teaching resources include solutions to the exercises, as well as digital lecture slides.
Advances in Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control in Engineering and Sciences (Computational Methods in Applied Sciences #48)
by Jacques Periaux Massimiliano Vasile Edmondo Minisci Nicolas R. Gauger Kyriakos C. Giannakoglou Domenico QuagliarellaThis volume presents up-to-date material on the state of the art in evolutionary and deterministic methods for design, optimization and control with applications to industrial and societal problems from Europe, Asia, and America.EUROGEN 2015 was the 11th of a series of International Conferences devoted to bringing together specialists from universities, research institutions and industries developing or applying evolutionary and deterministic methods in design optimization, with emphasis on solving industrial and societal problems. The conference was organised around a number of parallel symposia, regular sessions, and keynote lectures focused on surrogate-based optimization in aerodynamic design, adjoint methods for steady & unsteady optimization, multi-disciplinary design optimization, holistic optimization in marine design, game strategies combined with evolutionary computation, optimization under uncertainty, topology optimization, optimal planning, shape optimization, and production scheduling.
Cybersecurity in Germany (SpringerBriefs in Cybersecurity)
by Martin Schallbruch Isabel SkierkaIn 2016, Germany's government presented its third cybersecurity strategy, which aims to strengthen the national cyber defence architecture, cooperation between the state and industry, and individual users’ agency. For many years, Germany has followed/adopted a preventive and engineering approach to cybersecurity, which emphasizes technological control of security threats in cyberspace over political, diplomatic and military approaches. Accordingly, the technically oriented Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) has played a leading role in Germany’s national cybersecurity architecture. Only in 2016 did the military expand and reorganize its cyber defence capabilities. Moreover, cybersecurity is inextricably linked to data protection, which is particularly emphasised in Germany and has gained high public attention since Edward Snowden’s revelations. On the basis of official documents and their insights from many years of experience in cybersecurity policy, the two authors describe cyber security in Germany in the light of these German peculiarities. They explain the public perception of cybersecurity, its strong link with data protection in Germany, the evolution of Germany's cybersecurity strategies, and the current organisation of cybersecurity across the government and industry. The Brief takes stock of past developments and works out the present and future gaps and priorities in Germany’s cybersecurity policy and strategy, which will be decisive for Germany’s political role in Europe and beyond. This includes the cybersecurity priorities formulated by the current German government which took office in the spring of 2018.
Turkish Natural Language Processing (Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing)
by Kemal Oflazer Murat SaraçlarThis book brings together work on Turkish natural language and speech processing over the last 25 years, covering numerous fundamental tasks ranging from morphological processing and language modeling, to full-fledged deep parsing and machine translation, as well as computational resources developed along the way to enable most of this work. Owing to its complex morphology and free constituent order, Turkish has proved to be a fascinating language for natural language and speech processing research and applications.After an overview of the aspects of Turkish that make it challenging for natural language and speech processing tasks, this book discusses in detail the main tasks and applications of Turkish natural language and speech processing. A compendium of the work on Turkish natural language and speech processing, it is a valuable reference for new researchers considering computational work on Turkish, as well as a one-stop resource for commercial and research institutions planning to develop applications for Turkish. It also serves as a blueprint for similar work on other Turkic languages such as Azeri, Turkmen and Uzbek.
Human and Machine Learning: Visible, Explainable, Trustworthy and Transparent (Human–Computer Interaction Series)
by Fang Chen Jianlong ZhouWith an evolutionary advancement of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, a rapid increase of data volumes and a significant improvement of computation powers, machine learning becomes hot in different applications. However, because of the nature of “black-box” in ML methods, ML still needs to be interpreted to link human and machine learning for transparency and user acceptance of delivered solutions. This edited book addresses such links from the perspectives of visualisation, explanation, trustworthiness and transparency. The book establishes the link between human and machine learning by exploring transparency in machine learning, visual explanation of ML processes, algorithmic explanation of ML models, human cognitive responses in ML-based decision making, human evaluation of machine learning and domain knowledge in transparent ML applications. This is the first book of its kind to systematically understand the current active research activities and outcomes related to human and machine learning. The book will not only inspire researchers to passionately develop new algorithms incorporating human for human-centred ML algorithms, resulting in the overall advancement of ML, but also help ML practitioners proactively use ML outputs for informative and trustworthy decision making. This book is intended for researchers and practitioners involved with machine learning and its applications. The book will especially benefit researchers in areas like artificial intelligence, decision support systems and human-computer interaction.
Artificial Life and Intelligent Agents: First International Symposium, ALIA 2014, Bangor, UK, November 5-6, 2014. Revised Selected Papers (Communications In Computer And Information Science #732)
by Christopher J. Headleand Peter R. Lewis Panagiotis D. Ritsos Steve BattleThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Artificial Life and Intelligent Agents, ALIA 2016, held in Birmingham, UK, in June 2016. The 8 revised full papers and three revised short papers presented together with two demo papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on modelling; robotics; bio-inspired problem solving; human-like systems; applications and games.
Organizing for Digital Innovation: At the Interface Between Social Media, Human Behavior and Inclusion (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #27)
by Cecilia Rossignoli Stefano Za Alessandra Lazazzara Raoul C.D. NacamulliThis book presents a collection of research papers exploring the human side of digital innovation management, with a specific focus on what people say and share on social media, how they respond to the introduction of specific IT tools, and how digital innovations are impacting sustainability and inclusion. Given the plurality of views that it offers, the book is particularly relevant for digital technology users, companies, scientists and governments. The overall spread of digital and technological advances is enhanced or hampered by people’s skills, behaviors and attitudes. The challenge of balancing the digital dimension with humans situated in specific contexts, relations and networks has sparked a growing interest in how people use and respond to digital innovations. The content of the book is based on a selection of the best papers – original double-blind peer-reviewed contributions – presented at the annual conference of the Italian chapter of the AIS, which was held in Milan, Italy, in October 2017.
Multisensor Fusion and Integration in the Wake of Big Data, Deep Learning and Cyber Physical System: An Edition of the Selected Papers from the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI 2017) (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #501)
by Sukhan Lee Hanseok Ko Songhwai OhThis book includes selected papers from the 13th IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Integration and Fusion for Intelligent Systems (MFI 2017) held in Daegu, Korea, November 16–22, 2017. It covers various topics, including sensor/actuator networks, distributed and cloud architectures, bio-inspired systems and evolutionary approaches, methods of cognitive sensor fusion, Bayesian approaches, fuzzy systems and neural networks, biomedical applications, autonomous land, sea and air vehicles, localization, tracking, SLAM, 3D perception, manipulation with multifinger hands, robotics, micro/nano systems, information fusion and sensors, and multimodal integration in HCI and HRI. The book is intended for robotics scientists, data and information fusion scientists, researchers and professionals at universities, research institutes and laboratories.
Genetic Programming Theory and Practice XV (Genetic and Evolutionary Computation)
by Rick Riolo Wolfgang Banzhaf Randal S. Olson William TozierThese contributions, written by the foremost international researchers and practitioners of Genetic Programming (GP), explore the synergy between theoretical and empirical results on real-world problems, producing a comprehensive view of the state of the art in GP. Topics in this volume include: exploiting subprograms in genetic programming, schema frequencies in GP, Accessible AI, GP for Big Data, lexicase selection, symbolic regression techniques, co-evolution of GP and LCS, and applying ecological principles to GP. It also covers several chapters on best practices and lessons learned from hands-on experience. Readers will discover large-scale, real-world applications of GP to a variety of problem domains via in-depth presentations of the latest and most significant results.
Computer Simulations of Space Societies (Space and Society)
by William Sims BainbridgeAt the intersection of astronautics, computer science, and social science, this book introduces the challenges and insights associated with computer simulation of human society in outer space, and of the dynamics of terrestrial enthusiasm for space exploration. Never before have so many dynamic representations of space-related social systems existed, some deeply analyzing the logical implications of social-scientific theories, and others open for experience by the general public as computer-generated virtual worlds. Fascinating software ranges from multi-agent artificial intelligence models of civilization, to space-oriented massively multiplayer online games, to educational programs suitable for schools or even for the world's space exploration agencies. At the present time, when actual forays by humans into space are scarce, computer simulations of space societies are an excellent way to prepare for a renaissance of exploration beyond the bounds of Earth.
A Geometric Algebra Invitation to Space-Time Physics, Robotics and Molecular Geometry (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics)
by Carlile Lavor Sebastià Xambó-Descamps Isiah ZaplanaThis book offers a gentle introduction to key elements of Geometric Algebra, along with their applications in Physics, Robotics and Molecular Geometry. Major applications covered are the physics of space-time, including Maxwell electromagnetism and the Dirac equation; robotics, including formulations for the forward and inverse kinematics and an overview of the singularity problem for serial robots; and molecular geometry, with 3D-protein structure calculations using NMR data. The book is primarily intended for graduate students and advanced undergraduates in related fields, but can also benefit professionals in search of a pedagogical presentation of these subjects.
Educating for Creativity within Higher Education: Integration of Research into Media Practice (Creativity, Education and the Arts)
by Susan Kerrigan Phillip McIntyre Janet Fulton Elizabeth Paton Michael MeanyThis book provides innovative insights into how creativity can be taught within higher education. Preparing students for employment in a dynamic set of global creative industries requires those students to not only be resilient and entrepreneurial, but also to be locally focused while being globally aware. Therefore it is imperative that they acquire a thorough understanding of creative processes and practice as they try to keep pace with worldwide digital trends. As the creation of media messages is a fundamental aspect of global creative industries, and that numerous concerns practitioners face are based upon a certain understanding of creativity, the authors propose an exploration of what creativity is in terms of research, and then apply it pedagogically. Drawing on extensive empirical research, the authors pose the thought-provoking question of whether creativity can be taught. This volume will be of interest to both students and scholars of creativity and higher education as well as to creatively-based practitioners more widely.
Non-Cooperative Target Tracking, Fusion and Control: Algorithms and Advances (Information Fusion and Data Science)
by Zhongliang Jing Han Pan Yuankai Li Peng DongThis book gives a concise and comprehensive overview of non-cooperative target tracking, fusion and control. Focusing on algorithms rather than theories for non-cooperative targets including air and space-borne targets, this work explores a number of advanced techniques, including Gaussian mixture cardinalized probability hypothesis density (CPHD) filter, optimization on manifold, construction of filter banks and tight frames, structured sparse representation, and others. Containing a variety of illustrative and computational examples, Non-cooperative Target Tracking, Fusion and Control will be useful for students as well as engineers with an interest in information fusion, aerospace applications, radar data processing and remote sensing.
Spreading Activation, Lexical Priming and the Semantic Web: Early Psycholinguistic Theories, Corpus Linguistics and AI Applications
by Michael Pace-SiggeThis book explores the interconnections between linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, their mutually influential theories and developments, and the areas where these two groups can still learn from each other. It begins with a brief history of artificial intelligence theories focusing on figures including Alan Turing and M. Ross Quillian and the key concepts of priming, spread-activation and the semantic web. The author details the origins of the theory of lexical priming in early AI research and how it can be used to explain structures of language that corpus linguists have uncovered. He explores how the idea of mirroring the mind’s language processing has been adopted to create machines that can be taught to listen and understand human speech in a way that goes beyond a fixed set of commands. In doing so, he reveals how the latest research into the semantic web and Natural Language Processing has developed from its early roots. The book moves on to describe how the technology has evolved with the adoption of inference concepts, probabilistic grammar models, and deep neural networks in order to fine-tune the latest language-processing and translation tools. This engaging book offers thought-provoking insights to corpus linguists, computational linguists and those working in AI and NLP.
Semantic Modeling and Enrichment of Mobile and WiFi Network Data (T-Labs Series in Telecommunication Services)
by Abdulbaki UzunThis book discusses the fusion of mobile and WiFi network data with semantic technologies and diverse context sources for offering semantically enriched context-aware services in the telecommunications domain.It presents the OpenMobileNetwork as a platform for providing estimated and semantically enriched mobile and WiFi network topology data using the principles of Linked Data. This platform is based on the OpenMobileNetwork Ontology consisting of a set of network context ontology facets that describe mobile network cells as well as WiFi access points from a topological perspective and geographically relate their coverage areas to other context sources.The book also introduces Linked Crowdsourced Data and its corresponding Context Data Cloud Ontology, which is a crowdsourced dataset combining static location data with dynamic context information. Linked Crowdsourced Data supports the OpenMobileNetwork by providing the necessary context data richness for more sophisticated semantically enriched context-aware services.Various application scenarios and proof of concept services as well as two separate evaluations are part of the book. As the usability of the provided services closely depends on the quality of the approximated network topologies, it compares the estimated positions for mobile network cells within the OpenMobileNetwork to a small set of real-world cell positions. The results prove that context-aware services based on the OpenMobileNetwork rely on a solid and accurate network topology dataset. The book also evaluates the performance of the exemplary Semantic Tracking as well as Semantic Geocoding services, verifying the applicability and added value of semantically enriched mobile and WiFi network data.
Distance Learning, E-Learning and Blended Learning in Mathematics Education: International Trends in Research and Development (ICME-13 Monographs)
by Jason Silverman Veronica HoyosThis book builds on current and emerging research in distance learning, e-learning and blended learning. Specifically, it tests the boundaries of what is known by examining and discussing recent research and development in teaching and learning based on these modalities, with a focus on lifelong mathematics learning and teaching. The book is organized in four sections: The first section focuses on the incorporation of new technologies into mathematics classrooms through the construction or use of digital teaching and learning platforms. The second section presents a wide range of perspectives on the study and implementation of different tutoring systems and/or computer assisted math instruction. The third section presents four new innovations in mathematics learning and/or mathematics teacher education that involve the development of novel interfaces’ for communicating mathematical ideas and analyzing student thinking and student work. Finally, the fourth section presents the latest work on the construction and implementation of new MOOCs and rich media platforms developed to carry out specialized mathematics teacher education.
Perspectives on the Use of New Information and Communication Technology (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #726)
by Elena G. Popkova Victoria N. OstrovskayaThis book includes the best works presented at the scientific and practical conference that took place on February 1, 2018 in Pyatigorsk, Russia on the topic “Perspectives on the use of New Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Modern Economy”. The conference was organized by the Institute of Scientific Communications (Volgograd, Russia), the Center for Marketing Initiatives (Stavropol, Russia), and Pyatigorsk State University (Pyatigorsk, Russia).The book present the results of research on the complex new information and communication technologies in the modern economy and law as well as research that explore limits of and opportunities for their usage. The target audience of this book includes undergraduates and postgraduates, university lecturers, experts, and researchers studying various issues concerning the use of new information and communication technologies in modern economies. The book includes research on the following current topics in modern economic science: new challenges and opportunities for establishing information economies under the influence of scientific and technical advances, digital economy as a new vector of development of the modern global economy, economic and legal aspects of using new information and communication technologies in developed and developing countries, priorities of using the new information and communication technologies in modern economies, platforms of communication integration in tourism using new information and communication technologies, and economic and legal managerial aspects and peculiarities of scientific research on the information society.