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Sand Dunes of the Northern Hemisphere: Volume 2: Characteristics, Dynamics and Provenance of Sand Dunes in the Northern Hemisphere
by Lu Qi Mahesh K. Gaur Victor R. SquiresVolume 2 of the book ‘Sand Dunes of the Northern Hemisphere’ is sub-titled Characteristics, Dynamics and Provenance of Sand Dunes in the Northern Hemisphere. It brings together a vast body of information and insight into sand dune and desert systems from North Asia, Central Asia, North Africa and the Middle East. Chapters from the Russian Federation include studies on dune systems within the permafrost zone and there is a case study from temperate zone dune system in coastal Japan. Volume 2: Characteristics, Dynamics and Provenance of Sand Dunes in the Northern Hemisphere of 16 chapters in three Parts, focusses on Saharan Africa, Egypt, and Middle East and gives attention to sand mobility and encroachment with case studies from a number of countries where these matters are of concern. We also include chapters on the remote dunes in the permafrost zone and in the hyper-arid deserts of Iran. Case studies are used to highlight the characteristics of dunes and their interaction with humans in several widely divergent settings. Volume 2 concludes with some musing on the value of study of the past as key to the future and speculates on what the future might hold in the light of a warmer and drier Earth and a rise in sea level that threaten large tracts of low-lying land with marine incursions and destruction from storm surge. PART 4 Sand Mobility and Encroachment The seven chapters in this Part examine the real-world impact of sand encroachment and dune migration on people and their economic activities and the health, welfare and financial implications related to destruction of infrastructure, including human habitations. PART 5 Sand Dune Landscapes Distribution, Formation and Management Seven Case studies from several geographic regions in Africa, the Middle East, north-east Asia are presented here to demonstrate the underlying mechanisms in dune formation and the diverse approaches to their management. Human impacts such as sand mining, tourism development, combine with natural forces like climate variability to challenge the realization of an optimum management strategy. PART 6 Concluding Thoughts: Coping with an Unknown Future from a Little-known Past The two chapters in Part 6 have special roles. We are privileged to publish new research findings that are summarized here in Chapter 38 from extensive and detailed work conducted in the Kyzyl Kum, and Karakum sand seas of Central Asia. There is a strong belief that further study of the little-known past such as revealed in this study could unlock clues as to what a future Earth might look like. This leads on to speculation in Chapter 39 about the implications of what we already know about global change (not only climate change) and the impact of the Anthropocene on the dune systems, both inland and coastal. Sea level rise, marine incursions and an increase in extreme weather events will affect dune systems and sand seas on the Northern Hemisphere (and beyond).
Satellites for Atmospheric Sciences 1: Meteorology, Climate and Atmospheric Composition
by Thierry Phulpin Didier Renaut Hervé Roquet Claude Camy-PeyretHow can atmospheric variables such as temperature, wind, rain and ozone be measured by satellites? How are these measurements taken and what has been learned since the first measurements in the 1970s? What data are currently available and what data are expected in the future? The first volume of this encyclopedic book answers these questions by reporting the history of satellite meteorology and addresses how national and international agencies define coordinated programs to cover user needs. It also presents the principles of satellite remote sensing to deliver products suited to user requirements. This book is completed by a glossary and appendices with a list of supporting instruments already in use.
Satellites for Atmospheric Sciences 2: Meteorology, Climate and Atmospheric Composition
by Thierry Phulpin Didier Renaut Hervé Roquet Claude Camy-PeyretHow can atmospheric variables such as temperature, wind, rain and ozone be measured by satellites? How are these measurements taken and what has been learned since the first measurements in the 1970s? What data are currently available and what data are expected in the future? The second volume of this encyclopedic book presents each field of application – meteorology, atmospheric composition and climate – with its main aims as well as the specific areas which can be addressed through the use of satellite remote sensing. This book presents the satellite products used for operational purposes as well as those that allow for the advancement of scientific knowledge. The instruments that are at their origin are described, as well as the processing, delivery times and the knowledge they provide. This book is completed by a glossary and appendices with a list of supporting instruments already in use.
Save Our Seeds: Protecting Plants for the Future (Orca Footprints #31)
by Sheryl NormandeauKey Selling Points Learning about the importance of seeds and how to save and conserve them for the future is imperative to sustaining healthy life on the planet. Introduces young readers to STEM concepts, such as pollination, biodiversity, healthy ecosystems, food security, the climate crisis, GMO food and genetic engineering. Gives young readers the practical tools to take action to save seeds in their own lives and communities. The author is a certified master gardener and works with various gardening organizations in Alberta. She has a background in horticulture and urban agriculture and has written a number of nonfiction books for adults and kids.
Save the...Pandas (Save the...)
by Anita Sanchez Chelsea ClintonPandas have rolled and munched their ways into kids' hearts. With this book, readers can become panda experts and learn how to save the animals they love. Featuring an introduction from Chelsea Clinton!Did you know that pandas only live in the wild in China? How about that they are the only species of bear that eats almost nothing but plants? Or that pandas' black and white fur helps them hide in the shadows of their bamboo forests? Perfect for all animal lovers—and panda fans in particular—this book is filled with all the facts you need to know to become a panda expert! Where are pandas found? What's it like to be a panda? Why are pandas endangered, and who has been working hard to save them? Read this book and find out how you can help save the pandas!Complete with black-and-white photographs, a list of fun panda facts, and things that kids can do right this very moment to help save pandas from extinction, this book, with an introduction by animal advocate Chelsea Clinton, is a must for every family, school, and community library.
Save the...Turtles (Save the...)
by Sarah L. Thomson Chelsea ClintonTurtles have swum and snapped their ways into kids' hearts. With this book, readers can become turtle experts and learn how to save the animals they love. Featuring an introduction from Chelsea Clinton!Did you know that a turtle named Jonathan is the oldest known living animal on Earth? (He&’s almost two hundred!) How about that the largest sea turtles can dive more than three thousand feet below the water&’s surface? Or that turtles&’ shells have a spine in them, which makes turtles vertebrates—just like humans?Perfect for all animal lovers—and turtle fans in particular—this book is filled with all the facts you need to know to become a turtle expert! Where are turtles found? What&’s it like to be a turtle? Why are turtles endangered, and who has been working hard to save them? Read this book and find out how you can help save the turtles!Complete with black-and-white photographs, a list of fun turtle facts, and things that kids can do right this very moment to help save turtles from extinction, this book, with an introduction by animal advocate Chelsea Clinton, is a must for every family, school, and community library.
Saving a Rainforest and Losing the World: Conservation and Displacement in the Global Tropics (Yale Agrarian Studies Series)
by Gregory M. ThalerAn unflinching investigation of the false promises of land sparing, exposing how its illusory successes mask the failures of green capitalism For two decades, the concept of land sparing, the claim that agricultural intensification can spare land by preventing forest clearing for agricultural expansion, has dominated tropical forest conservation. Land sparing policies transform landscapes and livelihoods with the promise of reconciling agricultural development with environmental conservation. But that land sparing promise is false. Based on six years of research on agrarian frontiers in Indonesia, Brazil, and Bolivia, this book traces where and how land sparing becomes policy and charts the social and ecological effects of these political contests. Gregory M. Thaler explains why land sparing appears successful in some places but not in others and reveals that success as an illusion achieved by displacing deforestation to new frontiers. The failure of land sparing exposes a harsh truth behind assurances of green capitalism: capitalist development is ecocide.
Saving Ourselves: From Climate Shocks to Climate Action (Society and the Environment)
by Dana R. FisherWe've known for decades that climate change is an existential crisis. For just as long, we've seen the complete failure of our institutions to rise to the challenge. Governments have struggled to meet even modest goals. Fossil fuel interests maintain a stranglehold on political and economic power. Even though we have seen growing concern from everyday people, civil society has succeeded only in pressuring decision makers to adopt watered-down policies. All the while, the climate crisis worsens. Is there any hope of achieving the systemic change we need?Dana R. Fisher argues that there is a realistic path forward for climate action—but only through mass mobilization that responds to the growing severity and frequency of disastrous events. She assesses the current state of affairs and shows why public policy and private-sector efforts have been ineffective. Spurred by this lack of progress, climate activism has become increasingly confrontational. Fisher examines the radical flank of the climate movement: its emergence and growth, its use of direct action, and how it might evolve as the climate crisis worsens. She considers when and how activism is most successful, identifying the importance of creating community, capitalizing on shocking moments, and cultivating resilience. Clear-eyed yet optimistic, Saving Ourselves offers timely insights on how social movements can take power back from deeply entrenched interests and open windows of opportunity for transformative climate action.
The Scale Model: How to Set Up and Run a Successful Enterprise
by Andy ClaytonThe Scale Model does one thing: makes it easy for business entrepreneurs to grow their businesses. Using a proven methodology that is easy to understand and implement, business teams can learn how to diagnose and solve barriers to growth. The Scale Model equips CEOs and senior leaders with a framework to assess where the pain points lie in their business, and easy-to-use templates to help them work out the solutions to enable continued growth. The Model has been used by high-growth companies around the world to achieve industry-beating growth in sales and profits, with engaged and aligned teams. In a complicated business environment, the straightforward advice and practical structure of the Scale Model provides for business planning. When you're busy running your business, you want just one place to go to fix it. This is that place. Pick up The Scale Model today, work through the tools inside, and watch your business grow. That's how easy it is.
The Scale Model: How to Set Up and Run a Successful Enterprise
by Andy ClaytonThe Scale Model does one thing: makes it easy for business entrepreneurs to grow their businesses. Using a proven methodology that is easy to understand and implement, business teams can learn how to diagnose and solve barriers to growth.The Scale Model equips CEOs and senior leaders with a framework to assess where the pain points lie in their business, and easy-to-use templates to help them work out the solutions to enable continued growth. The Model has been used by high-growth companies around the world to achieve industry-beating growth in sales and profits, with engaged and aligned teams. In a complicated business environment, the straightforward advice and practical structure of the Scale Model provides for business planning.When you're busy running your business, you want just one place to go to fix it. This is that place. Pick up The Scale Model today, work through the tools inside, and watch your business grow. That's how easy it is.
Scale-up and Build Your Business: How to Recognise and Overcome the Critical Challenges of Business Growth and Exit
by David MolianHow do business founders not only start a business but ensure sustainable growth for the future? This book provides the tools and understanding that enable successful business growth at the scale-up stage. Scale-up and Build Your Business distils the author’s two decades of working with high-growth, high-performing independently owned and managed businesses, including Cobra Beer, Hotel Chocolat, Belvoir Cordials, Thatcher’s Cider, Pacific Direct and Go Ape. Over many years David Molian and his colleagues have identified both the drivers that accelerate growth and the blockers that prevent it. Through case histories, industry analyses and numerous examples this book details five key challenges faced by ambitious entrepreneurs, and documents how they overcome them. For each key challenge, this book describes the accelerators and bear traps which will help or hinder the journey to successful growth and the creation of long-term, sustainable, independent value that translates into successful exit. The lessons within this book will be invaluable for policymakers, advisors and ambitious business founders who want to turn a start-up into a successful and sustainable company. In a period marked by uncertainty and economic stagnation, this guide is more vital than ever.
Scale-up and Build Your Business: How to Recognise and Overcome the Critical Challenges of Business Growth and Exit
by David MolianHow do business founders not only start a business but ensure sustainable growth for the future? This book provides the tools and understanding that enable successful business growth at the scale-up stage.Scale-up and Build Your Business distils the author’s two decades of working with high-growth, high-performing independently owned and managed businesses, including Cobra Beer, Hotel Chocolat, Belvoir Cordials, Thatcher’s Cider, Pacific Direct and Go Ape. Over many years David Molian and his colleagues have identified both the drivers that accelerate growth and the blockers that prevent it. Through case histories, industry analyses and numerous examples this book details five key challenges faced by ambitious entrepreneurs, and documents how they overcome them. For each key challenge, this book describes the accelerators and bear traps which will help or hinder the journey to successful growth and the creation of long-term, sustainable, independent value that translates into successful exit.The lessons within this book will be invaluable for policymakers, advisors and ambitious business founders who want to turn a start-up into a successful and sustainable company. In a period marked by uncertainty and economic stagnation, this guide is more vital than ever.
Scattering Amplitudes in Quantum Field Theory (Lecture Notes in Physics #1021)
by Simon Badger Johannes Henn Jan Christoph Plefka Simone ZoiaThis open access book bridges a gap between introductory Quantum Field Theory (QFT) courses and state-of-the-art research in scattering amplitudes. It covers the path from basic definitions of QFT to amplitudes, which are relevant for processes in the Standard Model of particle physics. The book begins with a concise yet self-contained introduction to QFT, including perturbative quantum gravity. It then presents modern methods for calculating scattering amplitudes, focusing on tree-level amplitudes, loop-level integrands and loop integration techniques. These methods help to reveal intriguing relations between gauge and gravity amplitudes and are of increasing importance for obtaining high-precision predictions for collider experiments, such as those at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as for foundational mathematical physics studies in QFT, including recent applications to gravitational wave physics.These course-tested lecture notes include numerous exercises with solutions. Requiring only minimal knowledge of QFT, they are well-suited for MSc and PhD students as a preparation for research projects in theoretical particle physics. They can be used as a one-semester graduate level course, or as a self-study guide for researchers interested in fundamental aspects of quantum field theory.
Science Education for Sustainable Development in Asia (Education Innovation Series)
by Hiroki Fujii Sun-Kyung LeeThis book presents an Asian perspective on transformative science education in the context of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The chapters are written by contributors who practiced science education for sustainability in a research project entitled “Teacher Education for ESD in the Asia-Pacific Region” from 2017 to 2019, supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and the Japanese National Commission for UNESCO. The book showcases the contributors’ innovations in science education for sustainability, presenting case studies of science teaching and learning, science curriculum and assessment, science education in collaboration with local communities, and science teacher education. Embodying Asian sustainability education paradigms, policies, and practices, these case studies depict the diversity and uniqueness of natural, social, and cultural contexts in Asia, while demonstrating their commonalities. Through examining these case studies, this book aims to provide examples for praxis, and prospects, for new science classes, curricula, and teacher education in implementing education for sustainable development.
The Science of Ocean Pollution
by Frank R. SpellmanThe marine environment supports nearly half of the universal primary production, and a great share of which drives global fisheries. The Science of Ocean Pollution is written and presented in the author’s characteristic conversational style and provides comprehensive coverage of the current situation regarding pollution in the world’s oceans. Even though our welfare is intricately linked, interconnected with the sea and its natural resources, humans have substantially altered the face of the ocean within only a few centuries. The face of today’s sea is quite apparent, obvious and visible; it floats. This book examines pollution runoff, plastics, oil spills, and other pollutants that float in our seas as well as methods to best remediate these issues.
Scientific Computing in Electrical Engineering: SCEE 2022, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 2022 (Mathematics in Industry #43)
by Martijn Van Beurden Neil V. Budko Gabriela Ciuprina Wil Schilders Harshit Bansal Ruxandra BarbulescuThis volume comprises selected papers presented at the 14th International Conference on Scientific Computing in Electrical Engineering, SCEE 2022, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in July 2022. The aim of the SCEE 2022 conference was to bring together scientists – mathematicians, electrical engineers, computer scientists, and physicists, from universities and industry – to have in-depth discussions of the latest scientific results in Computational Science and Engineering relevant to Electrical Engineering and to stimulate and inspire active participation of young researchers.This extensive reference work is divided into four parts: Part I Circuit Simulation and Design.- Part II Device Simulation.- Part III Computational Electromagnetics.- Part IV Mathematical and Computational Methods. Each part starts with a general introduction, followed by the respective contributions. The book will appeal to mathematicians and electricalengineers. Further, it introduces algorithm and program developers to recent advances in the other fields, while industry experts will be introduced to new programming tools and mathematical methods.
Seeding Innovation: The Path to Profit and Purpose in the 21st Century
by Robyn O'BrienBuild and grow a company ready for the next generation of consumers In Seeding Innovation: The Path to Profit and Purpose in the 21st Century, veteran entrepreneur, award winning author, global strategist, speaker, and Rice University Innovation and Entrepreneurship professor, Robyn O’Brien, delivers an insightful and data driven roadmap to authenticity and smart leadership in the face of accelerating technological, environmental, and social change. In the book, you’ll discover how to build resilience, authenticity, market share and purpose into your business plan and move beyond box-ticking, virtue signaling and one-dimensional metrics, in a way that strengthens your business model, enhances your bottom line, attracts investors, fortifies employee retention, and more.With her characteristic candor and attention to data and deep experience on the frontlines of industry change, Robyn explains how you can transform concepts like paradigm blindness, scarcity, imposter syndrome, rejection, and fear to build durable, lasting, and profitable businesses that integrate social and environmental principles, with courage and integrity to drive long term shareholder and stakeholder value.You’ll also discover how to: Develop a purpose-driven product line that holds strong appeal for new generations of consumers and avoids the ruthless practices associated with PR nightmares and externalized costs Build an iconic company that focuses on integrating meaningful change to inspire customers, investors, and employees and that eschews meaningless press releases and virtue signaling Overcome imposter syndrome and naysayers using the S.T.O.P. Protocol ™ Develop supportive scaffolding and a resilient mindset in order to leverage courage and gain market share Build boards (not echo chambers), why equity and governance matters, and how diversity is good for your bottom line Integrate authentic marketing and storytelling into your brand strategy to drive revenue and capture market share Avoid the dangers of silos, fundraising traps and toxic capital and build a model with value-aligned, informed investors. Spot greenwashing, gender washing, and carbon washing, and more importantly, how to avoid them within your own organization and drive change Address headlines around ESG and DEI metrics in order to meet the needs of asset managers and investors, build successful teams and integrate goals that are central to outperformance and higher returns Gen Z and the modern consumer are looking for companies with authenticity—they want transparency and purpose from brands that are future proofing for the planet they’re inheriting. With this changing consumer focus and mindset emerges an urgent need for emotionally intelligent leadership. Along with profitability, 21st century leaders must focus on environmental stewardship, equity and justice, employee retention, recruiting, collaboration, and emerging other key aspects of modern business.
Seek Higher Ground: The Natural Solution to Our Urgent Flooding Crisis
by Tim PalmerPairing in-depth journalism with historical perspectives, this book makes a compelling case for a natural solution to the growing problem of flooding. With Seek Higher Ground, environmental writer and former land-use planner Tim Palmer explores the legacy of flooding in America, taking a fresh look at the emerging climatic, economic, and ecological realities of our rivers and communities. Global warming is forecast to sharply intensify flooding, and this book urges that we reduce future damage in the most effective, efficient, and equitable ways possible. Through historical narrative, rigorous reporting, and decades of vivid personal experience, Palmer details how our society’s approach to flood control has been infamously inadequate and chronically counterproductive. He builds a powerful argument for both the protection of floodplain open space and for programs that help people voluntarily relocate their homes away from high-water hazards. Only by recognizing the indomitable forces of nature—and adapting to them—can we thrive in the challenging climate to come.
Seismic Resilience Assessment of Hospital Infrastructure (Resilience and Sustainability in Civil, Mechanical, Aerospace and Manufacturing Engineering Systems)
by Qingxue Shang Tao Wang Jichao Li Mohammad NooriHealthcare facilities or hospital systems are classified as some of the most critical infrastructure systems when responding to natural disasters. Seismic Resilience Assessment of Hospital Infrastructure systematically presents a suite of novel techniques developed by the authors and their team for seismic resilience assessment of hospital infrastructure, with particular emphasis on seismic tests and fragility models of hospital equipment, resilience assessment of single hospital buildings and emergency departments, and post-earthquake functionality of urban hospital infrastructures.Features: Presents a state-of-the-art review on hospital resilience Develops seismic fragility model database for hospital equipment based on shaking table tests Provides a road map for effective and efficient methods necessary for assessing and improving seismic resilience of hospital systems and other critical engineering systems Expertly summarizes outcomes of many important research projects sponsored by various research agencies, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Seismic Resistance of Vernacular Timber Frames with Infills: Case Studies from Japan and Romania
by Andreea Dutu Yoshihiro YamazakiThis book provides an engineer’s perspective on the traditional construction methods for timber frames with infills, focusing on traditional paianta houses in Romania and minka houses in Japan to provide insights into the construction, seismic behavior, and design considerations of such structures.The nuances of each country’s traditional construction methods are considered, as well as the shared seismic culture and the similar functionality and local materials used for the houses, plus challenges from earthquake loading and fire. The efforts to preserve traditional houses in Romania are contrasted with Japan’s regulatory framework for traditional residential construction methods. Strengthening solutions are also proposed for timberframed houses with infills, considering various causes of degradation.• Introduces examples from non- seismic and seismic- prone countries.• Provides a comparative analysis of worldwide examples.• Presents design examples illustrating the integration of traditional architecture with modern design standards.The book serves as a comprehensive guide to the engineering intricacies of traditional houses in Romania and Japan for engineers and architects, with practical applications for new constructions worldwide.
Selected Studies in Geophysics, Tectonics and Petroleum Geosciences: Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3) (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Sami Khomsi Mourad Bezzeghoud Santanu Banerjee Mehdi Eshagh Ali Cemal Benim Broder Merkel Amjad Kallel Sandeep Panda Haroun Chenchouni Stefan Grab Maurizio BarbieriThis edited book is based on the best papers accepted for presentation during the 3rd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-3). It is of interest to all researchers practicing geophysics/seismology, structural, and petroleum geology. It includes a set of research studies spanning a large spectrum of geological and geophysical topics with particular reference to Middle East, Mediterranean region, and Africa. It also presents a series of research methods that are nowadays in use for measuring, quantifying, and analyzing several geological domains. Papers cover new research studies on earthquake geodesy, seismotectonics, archeoseismology and active faulting, well logging methods, geodesy and exploration/theoretical geophysics, petroleum geochemistry, petroleum engineering, structural geology, basement architecture and potential data, tectonics and geodynamics, and thermicity, petroleum, and other georesources. The book follows a multidisciplinary approach which combined with the geodynamics of tectonic provinces and investigations of potential zones of natural resources (petroleum reservoirs) provides the basis for a more sustainability in the economic development.
Serviceability Limit States of Underground Structures (Synthesis Lectures on Mechanical Engineering)
by Levan JaparidzeThe main topic of this book is the calculation of underground structures at the limit states of serviceability. It considers the main schemes typical for underground structures for various purposes, gives the corresponding mathematical models describing the main geo-mechanical and technological factors in the construction and operation of extended excavations. Generalized criteria are proposed for making a technically and economically justified solution of the problem of determining the optimal forms and sizes of workings, bearing capacity, type of support and its erection, depending on the structural features of the rock mass, the primary stress fields of gravitational, tectonic, seismic acting in it. and technological origins, operational requirements for extended excavations. The corresponding algorithms, block diagrams and specific numerical examples of calculations are given. In most of the existing calculation methods the structure is considered in the elastic stage, the strength limit of the bearing capacity is considered as the moment when the maximum internal stresses reach the corresponding design resistances of the material. If it is legitimate to use this criterion in certain cases of calculation of statically determinable structures operating in the given loading mode, then in cases where the support operates in the mode of mutually influencing deformation together with the rock mass, it leads to a significant waste of material.
Settler Ecologies: The Enduring Nature of Settler Colonialism in Kenya
by Charis Enns Brock BersaglioSettler Ecologies tells the story of how settler colonialism becomes memorialized and lives on through ecological relations. Drawing on eight years of research in Laikipia, Kenya, Charis Enns and Brock Bersaglio use immersive methods to reveal how animals and plants can be enrolled in the reproduction of settler colonialism. The book details how ecological relations have been unmade and remade to enable settler colonialism to endure as a structure in this part of Kenya. It describes five modes of violent ecological transformation used to prolong structures of settler colonialism: eliminating undesired wild species; rewilding landscapes with more desirable species to settler ecologists; selectively repeopling wilderness to create seemingly more inclusive wild spaces and capitalize on biocultural diversity; rescuing injured animals and species at risk of extinction to shore up moral support for settler ecologies; and extending settler ecologies through landscape approaches to conservation that scale wild spaces. Settler Ecologies serves as a cautionary tale for future conservation agendas in all settler colonies. While urgent action is needed to halt global biodiversity loss, this book underscores the need to continually question whether the types of nature being preserved advance settler colonial structures or create conditions in which ecologies can otherwise be (re)made and flourish.
Seven Fundamental Concepts in Spacetime Physics (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by Vesselin PetkovThe book presents seven fundamental concepts in spacetime physics mostly by following Hermann Minkowski’s revolutionary ideas summarized in his 1908 lecture "Space and Time." These concepts are: spacetime, inertial and accelerated motion in spacetime physics, the origin and nature of inertia in spacetime physics, relativistic mass, gravitation, gravitational waves, and black holes. They have been selected because they appear to be causing most misconceptions and confusion in spacetime physics. This second edition has been revised to include additional clarifications, more detailed elaboration of the arguments and also new material published in the interim.
Ship Operations in Extreme Low Temperature Environments (Springer Series on Naval Architecture, Marine Engineering, Shipbuilding and Shipping #19)
by Alexander OlsenThis book recognizes the fact that the vessels' intended operational profile may vary as some vessels are intended to operate with the assistance of an ice breaker and others are intended to operate independently. The guidance provided in this book is proposed to apply to all vessels that are designed, equipped and intended to operate in low-temperature environments. Special attention is given to those vessels operating for extended periods in the Arctic regions, as this presents specific and unique challenges for vessels and crew members. The application of the guidance in this book is optional. When a vessel is designed, equipped, built and surveyed in accordance with the relevant class rules, and when found satisfactory during class notation survey, a classification notation may be granted which demonstrates the vessel's compliance with the appropriate class requirements for vessels operating in low-temperature environments. Those vessels that are designed to meet the requirements of an ice class are typically required to meet specific class rules around “strengthening for navigation in ice” or other equivalent and recognized ice class rules. Accordingly, this book also provides guidance related to the requirements which address the duration of emergency electrical power. This extended emergency power duration is expressed in hours and may be appended to the base optional class notations. To provide as much context as possible, this book refers to the most relevant international regulations and standards that are considered to be applicable. It is recommended that readers of this book refer to the most recent text of those regulations and standards when seeking to apply the guidance set out herein, as it is the intent of the book to remain consistent with the pertinent international regulations and standards developed by the global maritime industry.