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Biotech Innovations and Fundamental Rights
by Nicola Lucchi Roberto Bin Sara LorenzonBiotechnology is a recognized research area that has increasingly advanced into new technologies and modern practices raising several legal, ethical and regulatory issues. The revolutionary speed of biotech innovations has had a significant impact on the protection of the rights of the individual. Fundamental rights provide a framework within which the justification of limitations and restrictions to biotechnology innovations and research results have to be assessed. The legal regulation of scientific research and scientific investigations impact more and more directly on the freedom of research and therapies as well as on the broad diffusion of knowledge. Closely related is also the debated question of the technological manipulation of life and the boundary of scientific knowledge with regard to the topical question of genetic invention patents and their side effects on access to scientific information and health care opportunities. Drawing on expertise from different disciplines, the volume comprises invited papers and plenary presentations given at the conference entitled "Biotech Innovations & Fundamental Rights" that took place on Januray 20-21 2011 at the Department of Juridical Sciences of the University of Ferrara. Each contribution covers a different aspect of the legal and scientific issues involved in regulation of biotechnology. In particular the focus of attention has been given to genetic research, genetic data, freedom of scientific research in genetics and biotech patents.
Children in Street Situations: A Concept in Search of an Object (Children’s Well-Being: Indicators and Research #21)
by Riccardo Lucchini Daniel StoecklinThis book provides new insights on the lives of children in street situations by providing analyses from a qualitative perspective on the sociology of childhood. It proposes some insightful perspectives on the current discussion about the rights of children in street situations. It includes a unique selection of texts, which were initially published in French, written by the authors of this volume, on the lives of children in street situations in Latin America and China, that are now available to an English readership. It challenges obstacles, linked to macrosocial issues such as inequalities, images of the child, the separation of public/private spheres, urban dynamics and structural adjustments, as well as to microsocial dimensions such as identity, motivation, and activities that are constitutive of street situations. The book discusses the situations experienced by children, highlighting children’s reflexivity and strategies as social factors, and shedding new light on the debate “agency within structure”.
Collective Rights and Digital Content: The Legal Framework for Competition, Transparency and Multi-territorial Licensing of the New European Directive on Collective Rights Management (SpringerBriefs in Law)
by Cláudio LucenaThis book starts with an exercise, proposing a theoretical reflection on the technological path that, over time, has transformed the ways we produce, consume and manage intellectual content subject to copyright protection. This lays the groundwork for a further analysis of the main legal aspects of the new European Directive, its improvements, its tendencies and its points of controversy, with special and more concrete attention to how it proposes to address the issues of competition, transparency and multi-territorial licensing. Digital technologies, networks and communication have boosted the production and distribution of intellectual content. These activities are based on a renewable and infinite resource - creativity - which turns this content into strategic artistic, cultural, social, economic and informational assets. Managing the rights and obligations that emerge in this system has never been an easy task; managing them collectively, which is more often than not the case, adds even more complexity. The European Directive on collective management of copyright and related rights and multi-territorial licensing of rights in musical works for online use in the internal market is a policy initiative that seeks to establish an adequate legal framework for the collective management of authors' rights in a digital environment, recognizing this goal as crucial to achieving a fully integrated Single Market. Part of the Digital Agenda for Europe, it is an effort to promote simplification and to enhance the efficiency of collective rights management by tackling three of the main issues that are currently undermining the business model of collecting societies: competition, transparency and multi-territorial licensing. The book is intended to support students, academics and practitioners by enhancing their general and legal grasp of these phenomena, while also encouraging their collaboration with policymakers and other interested parties in the ongoing task of transposing the Directive into concrete national legislation.
Water and Ritual: The Rise and Fall of Classic Maya Rulers
by Lisa J. LuceroIn the southern Maya lowlands, rainfall provided the primary and, in some areas, the only source of water for people and crops. Classic Maya kings sponsored elaborate public rituals that affirmed their close ties to the supernatural world and their ability to intercede with deities and ancestors to ensure an adequate amount of rain, which was then stored to provide water during the four-to-five-month dry season. As long as the rains came, Maya kings supplied their subjects with water and exacted tribute in labor and goods in return. But when the rains failed at the end of the Classic period (AD 850-950), the Maya rulers lost both their claim to supernatural power and their temporal authority. Maya commoners continued to supplicate gods and ancestors for rain in household rituals, but they stopped paying tribute to rulers whom the gods had forsaken.
Humanistic Management and Sustainable Tourism: Human, Social and Environmental Challenges (Humanistic Management)
by Maria Della Lucia Ernestina GiudiciTourism is a fast-growing and changing industry, which has become a driver of economic development in both developed and underdeveloped countries. While the tourism industry’s potential for shared value creation and sustainable development is acknowledged, the concerns around the environmental and social pressures remain a challenge for businesses, organizations, and destinations. This is because sustainable tourism arguably conflicts with the predominant neoliberal structure of the economy and with the hierarchical, profit- and consumption-driven societies. The emphasis on competition, growth, and profitability may undermine economic viability itself by consuming unreproducible resources and by undermining the six essential elements—dignity, people, prosperity, social justice, planet, and partnership—that are conceptually linked to sustainable development. The crises recurrently challenging the global travel and tourism environment, including climate change, bushfires, extreme weather disasters, pandemics, and the financial crisis, show the weaknesses of neoliberal approaches and the collective economic dependency of countries on tourism that is vulnerable, if not completely unsustainable. This vulnerability asks for understanding that the collective future depends on developing entirely new approaches and interpretation of tourism to effectively respond to the human, societal, social, and climate challenges. This book offers a novel and original perspective entailing the application of a humanistic management approach to sustainable tourism, which is centered on the value of human life, the protection of human dignity and the promotion of well-being. Multiple theoretical approaches, methods, and practical cases, on an international scale, shed light on shared value creation and human dignity as a necessary condition for its achievement in different contexts. Implicitly and explicitly, they respond to the current urgency to implement strategies to recover from the worldwide impact of the pandemic crisis and to provide a vision of what tourism could and should be when it recovers. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, professionals, and postgraduates in the fields of management, sustainability, and tourism development.
Humanistic Tourism: Values, Norms and Dignity (Humanistic Management)
by Maria Della Lucia Ernestina GiudiciHuman dignity has experienced limited attention in tourism studies. The interlinked dimensions of dignity in tourism urgently ask for broad avenues of future research, as tourism is both an information-intensive industry and an "experience good" resulting from the relationship and co-creation processes involving hosts and guests in different political, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental contexts. These contexts play a role in how an individual’s values, norms, and experiences may be experienced in tourism. This edited book is one of the first attempts to apply to tourism a humanistic management approach entailing a re-discovery of the value of human life, dignity, and awareness of the ethical dimensions of work. The book develops awareness of the contemporary relevance of the human dignity concept to interpret and manage the weaknesses of traditional approaches to tourism and cope with the challenges and new scenarios, including the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis. It presents ethical values and norms as both foundations and vehicles to dignify tourism stakeholders’ vision and mission (policy, strategies, and practices) as well as people/tourist beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. It grounds humanistic education as a pervasive mechanism to innovate tourism management contents and practices by offering to different targets new educational and training formats or framing differently traditional ones. Presenting both a critical and a positive approach to tourism management, the diversity of disciplinary approaches, case studies, and examples makes the book attractive to a variety of readers including tourism scholars, researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students of management and organization disciplines.
Revisiting Searle on Deriving "Ought" from "Is"
by Paolo Di Lucia Edoardo FittipaldiThis book reconsiders the supposed impossibility of deriving "Ought" from "Is". John R. Searle’s 1964 article How to Derive "Ought " from "Is’’ sent shockwaves through the philosophical community by offering a straightforward counterexample to this claim of impossibility: from your promising something- and this is an "is" - it simply follows that you "ought" to do it. This volume opens with a brand new chapter from Searle who, in light of his subsequent philosophical developments, expounds the reasons for the validity of that derivation and its crucial significance for social ontology and moral philosophy. Then, in a fresh interview with the editors of this volume, Searle explores a range of topics including how his derivation relates to constitutive rules, and how he views Wittgenstein’s philosophy, deontic logic, and the rationality of action. The remainder of the volume is dedicated to a deep dive into Searle’s essay and its implications by international scholars with diverse backgrounds ranging from analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and logic, to moral philosophy and the philosophy and sociology of law. With thirteen original chapters, the contributors provide fresh and timely insights on hotly debated issues: the nature of "Ought"; the logical structure of the social world; and the possibility of deriving not only "Ought" from "Is", but "Is" from "Ought".
Sport Policy in Canada (Open Access)
by Lucie Thibault and Jean HarveySport Policy in Canada provides the first and most comprehensive analysis of the new Canadian Sport Policy adopted in 2012. In light of this new policy, the authors, top scholars in the field, provide detailed accounts of the most salient sport policies and programs, while also discussing issues and challenges facing policy makers. In Canada and around the world, the last decades have known a sharp increase in state intervention and public funding in pursuit of medals on the international stage and in support of a more active lifestyle. Governments at all levels have made substantial investments in hope of hosting major sporting events to benefit from the economic impact and gain international prestige.The study of sport policies, often neglected in the past, is becoming an increasingly important research topic. Sport Policy in Canada seeks to fill this void by offering the most comprehensive analysis of sport policy since Macintosh, Bedecki, and Franks' Sport Policy in Canada (1987). - This book is published in English.
Scientists and Swindlers: Consulting on Coal and Oil in America, 1820–1890 (Johns Hopkins Studies in the History of Technology)
by Paul LucierAn “insightful” account of the early fossil fuel industry, the rise of the professional consultant, and the nexus between science and money (Technology and Culture).In this impressively researched, highly original work, Paul Lucier explains how science became an integral part of American technology and industry in the nineteenth century. Scientists and Swindlers introduces us to a new service of professionals: the consulting scientists. Lucier follows these entrepreneurial men of science on their wide-ranging commercial engagements from the shores of Nova Scotia to the coast of California and shows how their innovative work fueled the rapid growth of the American coal and oil industries and the rise of American geology and chemistry. Along the way, he explores the decisive battles over expertise and authority, the high-stakes court cases over patenting research, the intriguing and often humorous exploits of swindlers, and the profound ethical challenges of doing science for money. Starting with the small surveying businesses of the 1830s and reaching to the origins of applied science in the 1880s, Lucier recounts the complex and curious relations that evolved as geologists, chemists, capitalists, and politicians worked to establish scientific research as a legitimate, regularly compensated, and respected enterprise. This sweeping narrative enriches our understanding of how the rocks beneath our feet became invaluable resources for science, technology, and industry.
The Body of Property: Antebellum American Fiction and the Phenomenology of Possession
by Chad LuckWhat does it mean to own something? How does a thing become mine? Liberal philosophy since John Locke has championed the salutary effects of private property but has avoided the more difficult questions of property’s ontology. Chad Luck argues that antebellum American literature is obsessed with precisely these questions. Reading slave narratives, gothic romances, city-mystery novels, and a range of other property narratives, Luck unearths a wide-ranging literary effort to understand the nature of ownership, the phenomenology of possession. In these antebellum texts, ownership is not an abstract legal form but a lived relation, a dynamic of embodiment emerging within specific cultural spaces—a disputed frontier, a city agitated by class conflict. Luck challenges accounts that map property practice along a trajectory of abstraction and “virtualization.” The book also reorients recent Americanist work in emotion and affect by detailing a broader phenomenology of ownership, one extending beyond emotion to such sensory experiences as touch, taste, and vision. This productive blend of phenomenology and history uncovers deep-seated anxieties—and enthusiasms—about property across antebellum culture.
The New Age of Electronic Dance Music and Club Culture (Music Business Research)
by Martin Lücke Anita JóriThis book offers a comprehensive overview of electronic dance music (EDM) and club culture. To do so, it interlinks a broad range of disciplines, revealing their (at times vastly) differing standpoints on the same subject. Scholars from such diverse fields as cultural studies, economics, linguistics, media studies, musicology, philosophy, and sociology share their perspectives. In addition, the book features articles by practitioners who have been active on the EDM scene for many years and discuss issues like gender and diversity problems in general, and the effects of gentrification on club culture in Berlin. Although the book’s main focus is on Berlin, one of the key centers of EDM and club culture, its findings can also be applied to other hotspots. Though primarily intended for researchers and students, the book will benefit all readers interested in obtaining an interdisciplinary overview of research on electronic dance music.
National Registration for Producers of Electronic Waste
by Hans-Jochen Lückefett Engelbert Westkämper Stefan Dully Carsten UlbrichtNew directives in the European Union forced the national governments to release new laws on the collection and recycling of electronic waste. Producers of electrical/electronic equipment are now required to fulfill several tasks on an administrational level, such as registration and regular declarations, as well as ensure take back and recycling operationally. The national laws and requirements strongly differ from country to country and created a lot of confusion in the past. In this book, consultants from 26 EU member states give a clear and structured recipe how this complicated procedure can be done in the corresponding country. This makes the book being an essential tool for the electrics industry, in particular for international companies.
Radiation Hormesis (Routledge Revivals Ser.)
by T. D. LuckeyRadiation Hormesis presents the only critical review of the effects of whole-body exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation in animals. This is a "must read" book for radiobiologists, health-conscious individuals, and serious environmentalists. Topics discussed include our radiation environment, radiation hormesis in cancer mortality, growth and development, reproduction and mutation, immunity, and cancer. Data is presented that indicates that low doses of ionizing radiation may actually be beneficial to human health. This information could invalidate the "zero thesis" and linear models used by most regulatory agencies. The implications regarding eliminating linear models and accepting radiation hormesis are also discussed.
Theatre and Human Rights after 1945: Things Unspeakable
by Mary Luckhurst Emilie MorinThis volume investigates the rise of human rights discourses manifested in the global spectrum of theatre and performance since 1945. Essays address topics such as disability, discrimination indigenous rights, torture, gender violence, genocide and elder abuse.
Exemplarity and Singularity: Thinking through Particulars in Philosophy, Literature, and Law
by Susanne Lüdemann Michele LowrieThis book pursues a strand in the history of thought – ranging from codified statutes to looser social expectations – that uses particulars, more specifically examples, to produce norms. Much intellectual history takes ancient Greece as a point of departure. But the practice of exemplarity is historically rooted firmly in ancient Roman rhetoric, oratory, literature, and law – genres that also secured its transmission. Their pragmatic approach results in a conceptualization of politics, social organization, philosophy, and law that is derived from the concrete. It is commonly supposed that, with the shift from pre-modern to modern ways of thinking – as modern knowledge came to privilege abstraction over exempla, the general over the particular – exemplarity lost its way. This book reveals the limits of this understanding. Tracing the role of exemplarity from Rome through to its influence on the fields of literature, politics, philosophy, psychoanalysis and law, it shows how Roman exemplarity has subsisted, not only as a figure of thought, but also as an alternative way to organize and to transmit knowledge.
Common Sense Guide to Environmental Management
by Subash LudhraAn essential and short guide for those who need to know more about environmental management in the workplace without wanting to spend hours reading dozens of different documents. Whether it’s for use alongside a training course or simply to brush up on your knowledge, it’s perfect for equipping you with the principles of environmental management. Friendly and accessible, this Common Sense Guide covers all the main aspects of environmental management in manageable chapters to provide you with the knowledge and understanding you need to look after the environment and those around you. Suitable for those with little understanding of environmental management Includes questions at the end of each module to consolidate your environmental management knowledge Certificate offered to those who complete the exam at the end of the book and return to be marked externally.
Ärztliche Begutachtung von A–Z: Fachbegriffe, die der ärztliche Gutachter kennen muss
by Elmar LudolphIn diesem Buch werden die wichtigsten Begriffe, die der ärztliche Gutachter kennen sollte, übersichtlich, kompakt und vor allem präzise erläutert. Derselbe Begriff kann in Medizin und Rechtswissenschaft durchaus unterschiedlich verstanden werden. So ist die interdisziplinäre Kommunikation zwischen ärztlichen Sachverständigen und Gerichten/Verwaltung/Versicherungen eine schwierige Aufgabe für alle Beteiligten. Viele Streitfragen könnten allerdings gelöst werden, wenn man gerade bei diesen von Juristen und Medizinern gemeinsam benutzten Begriffen nicht aneinander vorbeireden würde. Hier setzt das Buch an: Für alle nachvollziehbar und dennoch mit höchster Präzision werden die wichtigsten Begriffe – sortiert von A – Z – definiert. Darüber hinaus runden Hinweise auf die Pflichten des ärztlichen Gutachters und zahlreiche Tipps für die Erstellung und Abrechnung von ärztlichen Gutachten das Werk ab. Der Schwerpunkt der Erläuterungen betrifft den orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischen Bereich, den Herr Dr. Ludolph vertritt.<p><p> Damit Ärzte und Juristen die gleiche Sprache sprechen Die wichtigsten Begriffe, die für die ärztliche Begutachtung bekannt sein müssen <P> Kompakte und vor allem präzise Erläuterungen<P> Sortiert von A - Z
Constitution-Making in the Region of Former Soviet Dominance
by Rett R. LudwikowskiWith the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, newly formed governments throughout Eastern Europe and the former Soviet states have created constitutions that provide legal frameworks for the transition to free markets and democracy. In Constitution-Making in the Region of Former Soviet Dominance, Rett R. Ludwikowski offers a comparative study of constitution-making in progress and provides insight into the complex political and social circumstances that are shaping its present and future. The first study of these recent constitutional developments, this book also provides an appendix of all newly ratified constitutions in the region, an essential new reference source for scholars, students, and professionals.Beginning with a review of the constitutional traditions of Eastern and Central Europe, Ludwikowski goes on to offer analysis of the recent process of political change in the region. A second section focuses specifically on the the new constitutions and such issues as the selection of the form of government, concepts of divisions of power, unicameralism vs. bicameralism, the flexibility or rigidity of constitutions as working documents, and the process of reviewing the constitutionality of laws. Individual states as framed in these documents are analyzed in economic, political, and cultural terms. Although it is too soon to fully consider the implementation of these constitutions, special attention is devoted to the effect of reform on human rights protection, a notorious problem of continuing concern in the region. A final section offers an insightful comparative study of constitutional law by reviewing the post-Soviet process of constitution-making against the backdrop of Western constitutional traditions.Constitution-Making in the Region of Former Soviet Dominance is both a comprehensive study of constitutional developments in the former Soviet bloc and a primary reference tool for scholars of constitutional law, and Eastern European and post-Soviet studies.
Cry Rape: The True Story of One Woman's Harrowing Quest for Justice
by Bill LuedersCry Rape dramatically exposes the criminal justice system’s capacity for error as it recounts one woman’s courageous battle in the face of adversity. In September 1997, a visually impaired woman named Patty was raped by an intruder in her home in Madison, Wisconsin. The rookie detective assigned to her case came to doubt Patty’s account and focused the investigation on her. Under pressure, he got her to recant, then had her charged with falsely reporting a crime. The charges were eventually dropped, but Patty continued to demand justice, filing complaints and a federal lawsuit against the police. All were rebuffed. But later, as the result of her perseverance, a startling discovery was made. Even then, Patty’s ordeal was far from over. Other books have dealt with how police and prosecutors bend and break the law in their zeal to prevail. This one focuses instead on how the gravest injustice can be committed with the best of intentions, and how one woman’s bravery and persistence finally triumphed.
Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics
by Christoph LuetgeThe Handbook of Business Ethics: Philosophical Foundations is a standard interdisciplinary reference handbook in the field of business ethics. Articles by notable philosophers and economists examine fundamental concepts, theories and questions of business ethics: Are morality and self-interest compatible? What is meant by a just price? What did the Scholastic philosophers think about business? The handbook will cover the entire philosophical basis of business ethics. Articles range from historical positions such as Aristotelianism, Kantianism and Marxism to systematic issues like justice, religious issues, rights and globalisation or gender. The book is intended as a reference work for academics, students (esp. graduate), and professionals.
Business Ethics and Risk Management (Ethical Economy #43)
by Christoph Luetge Johanna JauernigThis volume explores various aspects of risk taking. It offers an analysis of financial, entrepreneurial and social risks, as well as a discussion of the ethical implications of empirical findings. The main issues examined in the book are the financial crisis and its implications for business ethics. The book discusses unethical behaviour as a reputational risk (e. g. , in the case of Goldman Sachs) and the question is raised as to what extent the financial crisis has changed the banks' entrepreneurial strategy. The book presents an analysis of the reasons leading to the crisis and identifies them as ethical dilemma structures. In addition, it looks at general questions regarding ethical behaviour and risk taking, such as: To what extent does the social embeddedness or abstraction play a role in guaranteeing ethical behaviour? What conclusions can be drawn from institutional or evolutionary perspectives on risk management? Finally, the book discusses further issues that become factors of risk within and between societies, such as work insecurity, corruption or the problem of facilitation payments as a risk in international transactions.
Order Ethics: An Ethical Framework for the Social Market Economy
by Christoph Luetge Nikil MukerjiThis book examines the theoretical foundations of order ethics and discusses business ethics problems from an order ethics perspective. Order ethics focuses on the social order and the institutional environment in which individuals interact. It is a well-established paradigm in European business ethics. The book contains articles written by leading experts in the field and provides both a concise introduction to order ethics and short summary articles homing in on specific aspects of the order-ethical paradigm. It presents contributions describing fundamental concepts, historical roots, and the economic, social, and philosophical background of the theory. The second part of the handbook focuses on the theory's application in business, society, and politics, casting new light on an array of topics that loom large in contemporary ethical discourse.
Experimental Ethics
by Christoph Luetge Hannes Rusch Matthias UhlAcademic philosophy has experienced a major upheaval in the last decade. Venturous young philosophers, psychologists, and economists have begun to challenge the traditional stance that philosophy is an undertaking best pursued from the safety and calm of an arm-chair. Instead, they took the gloves off and brought philosophical questions to the experimental laboratory. This volume sets the stage for the development of a consistent theoretical framework for one of the branches of Experimental Philosophy: the empirical study of human moral reasoning, that is, Experimental Ethics. To this end it assembles contributions from philosophers, psychologists and cognitive scientists, economists, and sociologists active in this lively and growing field of research. These elaborate and substantiated works will enable its readers to immerse themselves into Experimental Ethics' history, its current topics and future perspectives, its methodology, and the criticism it is subject to.
The Ethics of Economic Responsibility (Economics and Humanities)
by Ralf LüfterThe Ethics of Economic Responsibility raises fundamental ethical questions related to the conceptualization of economic responsibility, that is: the imperative to fulfil certain economic obligations. It builds on a basic characterization of the question of ethics in order to introduce responsibility as a constitutive element for a new determination of economic knowledge. Drawing on the metaphysical tradition of philosophy, the book explores the distinction between "operability-based-responsibility" and "end-in-itself-based responsibility" and also considers what is tentatively called "being-related responsibility". By presenting these arguments about the notion of economic responsibility, the book contributes to the growing calls for ethical questions to not be merely complementary to the ongoing discourse of economic sciences, but rather to sit at its core, in such a way as to restore the intrinsic ethical dimension of economics itself. The book marks a significant contribution to the literature on the philosophy of economics, applied ethics more broadly, and the critical discourse concerning mainstream economics.
Advanced Informatics for Computing Research: Third International Conference, ICAICR 2019, Shimla, India, June 15–16, 2019, Revised Selected Papers, Part I (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1075)
by Ashish Kumar Luhach Dharm Singh Jat Kamarul Bin Ghazali Hawari Xiao-Zhi Gao Pawan LingrasThis two-volume set (CCIS 1075 and CCIS 1076) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advanced Informatics for Computing Research, ICAICR 2019, held in Shimla, India, in June 2019. The 78 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 382 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on computing methodologies; hardware; information systems; networks; software and its engineering.