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Multi Modality State-of-the-Art Medical Image Segmentation and Registration Methodologies. Volume 1
by Majid Mirmehdi Ayman S. El-Baz Rajendra Acharya U Jasjit S. SuriWith the advances in image guided surgery for cancer treatment, the role of image segmentation and registration has become very critical. The central engine of any image guided surgery product is its ability to quantify the organ or segment the organ whether it is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), X-ray, PET, SPECT, Ultrasound, and Molecular imaging modality. Sophisticated segmentation algorithms can help the physicians delineate better the anatomical structures present in the input images, enhance the accuracy of medical diagnosis and facilitate the best treatment planning system designs. The focus of this book in towards the state of the art techniques in the area of image segmentation and registration.
Intrinsically Motivated Learning in Natural and Artificial Systems
by Marco Mirolli Gianluca BaldassarreIt has become clear to researchers in robotics and adaptive behaviour that current approaches are yielding systems with limited autonomy and capacity for self-improvement. To learn autonomously and in a cumulative fashion is one of the hallmarks of intelligence, and we know that higher mammals engage in exploratory activities that are not directed to pursue goals of immediate relevance for survival and reproduction but are instead driven by intrinsic motivations such as curiosity, interest in novel stimuli or surprising events, and interest in learning new behaviours. The adaptive value of such intrinsically motivated activities lies in the fact that they allow the cumulative acquisition of knowledge and skills that can be used later to accomplish fitness-enhancing goals. Intrinsic motivations continue during adulthood, and in humans they underlie lifelong learning, artistic creativity, and scientific discovery, while they are also the basis for processes that strongly affect human well-being, such as the sense of competence, self-determination, and self-esteem. This book has two aims: to present the state of the art in research on intrinsically motivated learning, and to identify the related scientific and technological open challenges and most promising research directions. The book introduces the concept of intrinsic motivation in artificial systems, reviews the relevant literature, offers insights from the neural and behavioural sciences, and presents novel tools for research. The book is organized into six parts: the chapters in Part I give general overviews on the concept of intrinsic motivations, their function, and possible mechanisms for implementing them; Parts II, III, and IV focus on three classes of intrinsic motivation mechanisms, those based on predictors, on novelty, and on competence; Part V discusses mechanisms that are complementary to intrinsic motivations; and Part VI introduces tools and experimental frameworks for investigating intrinsic motivations.The contributing authors are among the pioneers carrying out fundamental work on this topic, drawn from related disciplines such as artificial intelligence, robotics, artificial life, evolution, machine learning, developmental psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. The book will be of value to graduate students and academic researchers in these domains, and to engineers engaged with the design of autonomous, adaptive robots. The contributing authors are among the pioneers carrying out fundamental work on this topic, drawn from related disciplines such as artificial intelligence, robotics, artificial life, evolution, machine learning, developmental psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. The book will be of value to graduate students and academic researchers in these domains, and to engineers engaged with the design of autonomous, adaptive robots.
Conceiving: Preventing and Treating Infertility
by Dr Pierre Miron Mathieu Provençal Denis Gingras Barbara SandilandsIn recent years, infertility has become a medical phenomenon that affects more and more adults of reproductive age. In western countries, between 10 and 15 percent of couples are infertile. These couples are victims of a silent human tragedy that can cause major suffering and significantly erode quality of life. This work presents a guide to reproductive difficulties and the medical approaches that can help prevent and treat infertility. Inside, you will find: The kinds and causes of infertility that affect men and women A thorough look at key treatments, including in-vitro fertilization Prenatal screening and other critical post-conception procedures Health advice for conception and pregnancy
Platelet Rich Fibrin in Regenerative Dentistry: Biological Background and Clinical Indications
by Richard J. Miron Joseph ChoukrounThe first book devoted exclusively to the subject, Platelet Rich Fibrin in Regenerative Dentistry offers comprehensive, evidence-based coverage of the biological basis and clinical applications of PRF in dentistry. Co-edited by a leading researcher in tissue regeneration and the inventor of the PRF technique, it brings together original contributions from expert international researchers and clinicians. Chapters cover the biological foundation of PRF before addressing specific uses of the technology within clinical dentistry. Topics describe the use of PRF in many dental applications, including extraction socket management, sinus lifting procedures, root coverage, periodontal regeneration, soft tissue healing around implants, guided bone regeneration, and facial esthetics. The text is supplemented with color photographs and explanatory illustrations throughout. Platelet Rich Fibrin in Regenerative Dentistry: Biological Background and Clinical Indications is an indispensable professional resource for periodontists, oral surgeons and oral and maxillofacial surgeons, as well as general dentists who use PRF or are interested in introducing it into their practices. It is also an excellent reference for undergraduate and postgraduate dental students.
Clinical Uro-Andrology
by Vincenzo MironeIn this volume, undisputed leading experts from Europe and beyond come together to cover the field of andrology in its entirety, providing a guide that will be of value to urologists and other physicians in their daily clinical practice. It is designed for a wide audience, including both those coming into contact with andrological issues for the first time and more experienced readers requiring updated guidelines and advice on the most controversial and thorny issues. A wide range of topics is covered, including male genital abnormalities, disorders of pubertal development, gender identity disorders, Peyronie's disease, sexual dysfunction, hypogonadism and infertility, urogenital infections, urogenital cancers, and andrological emergencies. Clinical Andrology will prove an invaluable quick consulting tool, rigorous in its scientific content but at the same time easy to read and rich in images and tables.
Your Life Depends on It: What You Can Do to Make Better Choices About Your Health
by Talya Miron-Shatz"With a fine combination of humor, compassion and vast knowledge, Talya Miron-Shatz offers clear and useful guidance for the hardest decisions of life.&”-Daniel Kahneman, Nobel award-winning author of Thinking, Fast and SlowA top expert on decision-making explains why it&’s so hard to make good choices—and what you and your doctor can do to make better onesIn recent years, we have gained unprecedented control over choices about our health. But these choices are hard and often full of psychological traps. As a result, we&’re liable to misuse medication, fall for pseudoscientific cure-alls, and undergo needless procedures.In Your Life Depends on It, Talya Miron-Shatz explores the preventable ways we make bad choices about everything from nutrition to medication, from pregnancy to end-of-life care. She reveals how the medical system can set us up for success or failure and maps a model for better doctor-patient relationships.Full of new insights and actionable guidance, this book is the definitive guide to making good choices when you can&’t afford to make a bad one.
Young, Female and Black
by Heidi Safia MirzaYoung black women bear all the hallmarks of a fundamentally unequal society. They do well at school, contribute to society, are good efficient workers yet, as a group they consistently fail to secure the economic status and occupational prestige they deserve. This book presents a serious challenge to the widely held myth that young black women consistently underachieve both at school and in the labour market. In a comparative study of research and writig from America, Britain and the Caribbean Young, Female and Black re-examines our present understanding of what is meant by educational underachievement, the black family and, in particular, black womanhood in Britain.
Management of Endometrial Cancer
by Mansoor R. MirzaThis practical reference book provides up-to-date, evidence-based multidisciplinary guidelines on the epidemiology, biology, diagnosis, and treatment of endometrial cancer. Individual chapters focus on topics such as hormonal interactions, cancer prevention, genetic classification and its clinical applications. Recent advances in diagnostic methods are described. The treatment-oriented chapters include coverage of the roles of lymphadenectomy and sentinel node dissection, surgical complications, radiation techniques, and chemotherapy in early-stage disease. Treatment options in advanced disease, including hormonal therapy and targeted therapy, are considered separately, as is the management of rare tumor types. The authors are international key opinion leaders. Summaries of the ESMO/ESGO/ESTRO guidelines on management are included. Each clinical chapter ends with a summary of recommendations with the level of evidence.
Carotenoids: Biosynthetic and Biofunctional Approaches (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1261)
by Norihiko MisawaThis book provides a comprehensive overview of carotenoid biosynthesis by different organisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, arthropods, and plants. Carotenoids are thought to provide health benefits in areas such as cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, NAFLD, NASH, obesity, age-related functional decline, and as a result, they have received an increasing amount of attention.With contributions from leading experts in biology, biotechnology, and chemistry of carotenoid research, this volume discusses the biological functions of carotenoids such as astaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and fucoxanthin, in addition to paprika carotenoids, capsanthin, and capsorubin. It also reveals the technologies behind the commercial production of some functional carotenoids.The book is targeted for academic and industrial readers in biology, biotechnology, nutrient physiology and related fields.
Essentials of Clinical Immunology
by Siraj Misbah Mansel Haeney Neil Snowden Helen ChapelEssentials of Clinical Immunology provides the most up-to-date, core information required to understand diseases with an immunological basis. Clinically focussed, the sixth edition of this classic text presents theoretical and practical information in a simple yet thorough way.Essentials of Clinical Immunology covers the underlying pathophysiology, the signs and symptoms of disease, the investigations required and guidance on the management of patients.Perfect for clinical medical students, junior doctors and medical professionals seeking a refresher in the role of immunology in clinical medicine, this comprehensive text features fully updated clinical information, boxes with key points, real-life case histories to illustrate key concepts and an index of contents at the start of each chapter.A companion website at www.immunologyclinic.com provides additional learning tools, including more case studies, interactive multiple-choice questions and answers, all of the photographs and illustrations from the book, links to useful websites, and a selection of review articles from the journal Clinical and Experimental Immunology.
Quantification of Contrast Kinetics in Clinical Imaging (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Massimo Mischi Simona Turco Osama I. Soliman Folkert J. ten Cate Hessel Wijkstra Ivo SchootsThis book provides a comprehensive survey of the pharmacokinetic models used for the quantitative interpretation of contrast-enhanced imaging. It discusses all the available imaging technologies and the problems related to the calibration of the imaging system and accuracy of the estimated physiological parameters. Enhancing imaging modalities using contrast agents has opened up new opportunities for going beyond morphological information and enabling minimally invasive assessment of tissue and organ functionality down to the molecular level. In combination with mathematical modeling of the contrast agent kinetics, contrast- enhanced imaging has the potential to provide clinically valuable additional information by estimating quantitative physiological parameters. The book presents the broad spectrum of diagnostic possibilities provided by quantitative contrast-enhanced imaging, with a particular focus on cardiology and oncology, as well as novel developments in the area of quantitative molecular imaging along with their potential clinical applications. Given the variety of available techniques, the choice of the appropriate imaging modality and the most suitable pharmacokinetic model is often challenging. As such, the book provides a valuable technical guide for researchers, clinical scientists, and experts in the field who wish to better understand and properly apply tracer-kinetic modeling for quantitative contrast-enhanced imaging.
Practical Ethics in Suicide: Research, Policy and Clinical Decision-Making
by null Brian L. Mishara null David N. WeisstubWhen and how forcefully must we intervene to save a life, and when should we respect the will to die? This book presents alternative ethical paradigms to understand contemporary challenges in suicide research, prevention, practices, and policies, including challenges in the expanding legalization of euthanasia and assisted suicide ('medical assistance in dying'). Drawing on case studies and philosophical approaches, analysis focuses on decision-making when we are faced with questions about obligations to help and intervene in suicidal situations. Chapters cover moral dilemmas in rescue policies, ethical challenges in suicide research, civil and legal considerations, and similarities and differences with accessing medical assistance in dying. Discussion is grounded in contemporary debates, addressing important issues such as if we should continue to hospitalize people to protect them from self-harm, or control access to 'dangerous' suicide content online? This book is unique in its focus on the practical concerns of mental health professionals, helplines, researchers, policy makers, and programme planners who are faced with ethical challenges in suicidology and suicide prevention.
Workplace Mental Health Law: Comparative Perspectives (Routledge Research in Health Law)
by Takenori MishibaThis book provides a systematic and interdisciplinary study of occupational mental health legislation in seven countries. The work presents a study of the laws, policies, and legal interpretations to help prevent mental health problems from occurring in the workplace and appropriately address problems once they do occur. With a view to improving provision in Japan, the author examines the legal issues relating to workplace mental health and stress in the USA, UK, Denmark, the Netherlands, France and Germany. In presenting a comparative discussion of mental health issues in the workplace, this book seeks to establish a minimum for legal rights and duties that contribute to prevention and not just compensation. With its detailed comparative and descriptive coverage of legal and related provisions in a range of countries, the book will be a valuable resource for academics, policy-makers and practitioners working in labour and employment law, social welfare, occupational health and human resource management.
Parasitic Infections: Immune Responses and Therapeutics
by Abhay Prakash Mishra Manisha NigamParasitic Infections Understand and defeat a scourge of public health with this cutting-edge guide Parasitic diseases are considered as an important public health problem due to the high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in countries where climate and level of economic development create serious challenges to the creation of public health infrastructure, thus can make parasitic infections both graver and more difficult to contain. As we come to understand the global ramifications of public health, there has never been a more crucial time to understand these infections and the processes by which they can be managed and defeated. Parasitic Infections is a comprehensive overview of parasitic immunopathology, including the fundamentals of parasite biology, mechanisms and processes of infection, and the key steps of drug discovery and treatment. In addition to detailed coverage of the most commonly encountered infectious parasites, analysis of the immune system provides material pertinent to any possible parasitic infection. The result is an essential contribution to public health research. Parasitic Infections readers will also find: A careful balance of parasite immunopathology and pharmaceutical analysis Detailed discussion of parasites such as protozoans, helminths, and ectoparasites Case studies and in-depth analyses written by authors around the world on the basis of first hand investigation Parasitic Infections is a must-read for researchers or professionals in immunology, biology, medicinal chemistry, drug development or pharmaceutical research, and all related fields.
Biobased Materials: Recent Developments and Industrial Applications
by Ajay Kumar Mishra Chaudhery Mustansar HussainThis book discusses the extraction, purification, modification, and processing of biobased materials and their various industrial applications, across biomedical, pharmaceutical, construction, and other industries. It includes contributions from experts on hybrid biopolymers and bio-composites, bioactive and biodegradable materials, bio-inert polymers, natural polymers and composites, and metallic natural materials. Therefore, this encyclopedia is a useful reference for scientists, academicians, research scholars, and technologists. Major challenges of biobased materials are their efficient development, cost-effective, and green & environment friendly production/applications. This encyclopedia answers these challenges to professionals and scientists for proper utilization of biobased materials. It presents the recent practices of biobased materials technology in different scientific and engineering domains. It helps the bounded industrial outcomes to reach the general readership of different domains. This encyclopedia bridges the technological gaps between the industrial and academic professionals and the novice young students/scholars. The interdisciplinarity of this encyclopedia makes it unique for a wide readership. The topic of biobased materials is currently popular in the scientific community, working in such following areas as Recycled materials, Renewable materials, Materials for efficiency, Materials for waste treatment, Materials for reduction of environmental load, Materials for easy disposal or recycle, Hazardous free materials, Materials for reducing human health impact, Materials for energy efficiency, Materials for green energy, etc. This is a relatively hot topic in materials science and has strong demands for energy, material and money savings, as well as heavy contamination problems, despite that the area of biobased materials belongs to most important fields of modern science & technology, no important encyclopedias have been published in the area of “biobased materials”
Industry 4.0 and Healthcare: Impact of Artificial Intelligence (Advanced Technologies and Societal Change)
by Ashish Mishra Jerry Chun-Wei LinThis book presents different stages of Industrial Revolution in artificial intelligence and its impact on industry 4.0 and Healthcare. It contains chapters prepared for the industrial landscape which is being transformed to the fourth stage with the rise of autonomous robots, contemporary automation, cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things, and the Internet of services for examining the circumstances of health care system for the future. It highlights the emerging trends in integration of different intelligent manufacturing systems and advanced information technologies. Additionally, understanding of the real-world issues using artificial intelligence and the solutions discussed in this book help the enormous numbers of techniques which can be applied for effective diagnosis and predicting diseases from health care data.
Drug Delivery Strategies in Neurological Disorders: Challenges and Opportunities
by Awanish Mishra Hitesh KulhariThis book comprehensively reviews the recent progress in their pathogenesis and management approaches for neurological disorders. It focuses on understanding the molecular mechanism, pathology, novel nanotechnology-based approaches against stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington’s disease, Multiple sclerosis, and Epilepsy. The book provides the basic understanding about the development and progression of these diseases, and recent pharmacotherapeutic approaches for their management. It also discusses challenges in drug development for neurological disorders, including preclinical models of disorders, the need for drugs to cross the blood-brain-barrier, and limited understanding of relevant pathophysiology. The book also focuses on different conventional and novel strategies for drug delivery in neurological disorders. Towards the end, the book reviews the applications of nanotechnology for the diagnosis of neurological disorders. One of the chapters is focused onthe role of herbal actives in the treatment of neurological disorders. Finally, a chapter is included on nanotechnology-based approaches for diagnosis of neurological disorders. This book is a useful resource for students and researchers of pharmaceutical sciences, life sciences, material sciences, and nanosciences.
Intelligent Sustainable Systems: Selected Papers of WorldS4 2021, Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #334)
by Durgesh Kumar Mishra Atulya K. Nagar Dharm Singh Jat Gabriela Marín-RaventósThis book provides insights of World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems, Security and Sustainability (WS4 2021) which is divided into different sections such as Smart IT Infrastructure for Sustainable Society; Smart Management prospective for Sustainable Society; Smart Secure Systems for Next Generation Technologies; Smart Trends for Computational Graphics and Image Modeling; and Smart Trends for Biomedical and Health Informatics. The proceedings is presented in two volumes. The book is helpful for active researchers and practitioners in the field.
Biotic Stress Management of Crop Plants using Nanomaterials (Advances in Bionanotechnology)
by Krishna Kant Mishra Santosh KumarThis book summarizes nanotechnology-based agricultural research for crop productivity and the management of various plant pathogens. It deals with the application of nano-molecules for quick, cost-effective, and precise plant disease diagnostic procedures, plant pests and disease management, nano-pesticides, and nano-diagnostics. Further, it explains nanomaterials for biotic stress management, with an insight into the synthesis and modification of nanomaterials and their potential applications in different domains for disease management. Features include: Compilation of current research on the Nanomaterials as well as their versatile applications in plant biotic stress management Description of the role of nanomaterials as enzyme-mimicking nanoparticles, nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, and nanomaterials Review of day-to-day problems related to crop plants, their diagnostics, and stress management Exploration of trends in nanomaterial utility in diagnostics, enzyme-mimicking, and crop protection, and their possible role in plant disease management Study of pertinent nanomaterials including synthetic strategies, properties, chemistry, and applications This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in plant pathology, genetic engineering, environmental science, botany, bioengineering, and nanotechnology.
Scientific Basis for Ayurvedic Therapies
by Lakshmi Chandra MishraArguably the oldest form of health care, Ayurveda is often referred to as the "Mother of All Healing." Although there has been considerable scientific research done in this area during the last 50 years, the results of that research have not been adequately disseminated. Meeting the need for an authoritative, evidence-based reference, Scientific Ba
Epigenetic Advancements in Cancer
by Manoj K. Mishra Kumar S. BishnupuriThis volume explores the epigenetic alterations and their association with various human cancers. Considering one of human cancer as an example, individual chapters are focused on defining the role of epigenetic regulators and underlying mechanisms in cancer growth and progression. Epigenetic alteration including DNA methylation, histone modification, nucleosome positioning and non-coding RNAs expression are involved in a complex network of regulating expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and constitute an important event of the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Recent advances in the understanding of the epigenetic regulation and detailed information of these epigenetic changes in various cancers provide new avenues of advancements in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapies of this highly fatal disease.
Plants for Immunity and Conservation Strategies
by Manoj Kumar Mishra Nishi KumariThis edited book deals with medicinal plants (herbs and trees) used in critical diseases which contain a rich resource of bioactive compounds that can be used as immuno-boosters or recommended for therapeutic values. Each chapter provides the basic information such as taxonomic description, occurrence and importance of medicinal plants. The detail description of major bioactive compounds in medicinal plants, their chemical nature and clear flow chart of biosynthesis are important steps in this book. This book also includes conservation strategy both in-situ and ex-situ, which assist the research and academic purpose. This book is of interest to national and international researchers, teacher’s, pharma scientists, and policymakers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for both undergraduate and graduate students of pharma and agriculture in the world.
COVID-19 Pandemic Trajectory in the Developing World: Exploring the Changing Environmental and Economic Milieus in India (Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences)
by Mukunda Mishra R. B. SinghWe are witnessing an unprecedented global outbreak of COVID-19, which has been devastating in its consequences. Beyond the acute health hazard, the pandemic has carried with it other threats for mankind associated with the human economy, society, culture, psychology and politics. Amidst these multifarious dimensions of the pandemic, it is high time for global solidarity to save humankind.Human society, its ambient environment, the process of socio-economic development, and politics and power – all are drivers to establish the world order. All these parameters are intimately and integrally related. The interconnections of these three driving forces have a significant bearing on life, space and time. In parallel, the interrelationship between all these drivers is dynamic, and they are changed drastically with time and space. The statistics serve to align the thought, based on which social scientists need to understand the prevailing equation to project the unforeseen future. The trajectory of the future world helps in planning and policymaking with a scientific direction.The practitioners of all academic disciplines under the umbrella of the social sciences need a common platform to exchange ideas that may be effective in the sustainable management of the crisis and the way forward after it is mitigated. This book provides multidisciplinary contributions for expressing the solidarity of academic knowledge to fight against this global challenge. It is crucial that there should be an on-going discussion and exchange of ideas, not only from the perspective of the current times but keeping in view the preparedness for unforeseen post-COVID crises as well.
Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials
by Munmaya MishraThe Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials presents new and selected content from the 11-volume Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials Encyclopedia. The carefully culled content includes groundbreaking work from the earlier published work as well as exclusive online material added since its publication in print. A diverse and global team of renowned scientists provide cutting edge information concerning polymers and polymeric biomaterials. Acknowledging the evolving nature of the field, the encyclopedia also features newly added content in areas such as tissue engineering, tissue repair and reconstruction, and biomimetic materials.
Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release (Encapsulation and Controlled Release)
by Munmaya K. MishraThe field of encapsulation, especially microencapsulation, is a rapidly growing area of research and product development. Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release offers a broad perspective on a variety of applications and processes, including, up-to-date research, figures, tables, illustrations, and references. Written at a level comprehensible to non-experts, it is a rich source of technical information and current practices in research and industry.