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Marxism-Leninism and the Theory of International Relations (Routledge Library Editions: International Relations #4)
by V. Kubalkova A. CruickshankRefuting the assumption that orthodox Marxist theory contains anything of relevance on international relations, this book, originally published in 1980, clarifies, reconstructs, and summarizes the theories of international relations of Marx and Engels, Lenin, Stalin and the Soviet leadership of the 1970s. These are subjected to a comparative analysis and their relative integrity is examined both against one another and against selected Western theories. Marxist-Leninist models of international relations are fully explored, enabling the reader to appreciate the essence and evolution of fundamental Soviet concepts as such as proletarian, socialist internationalism, peaceful co-existence, national liberation movement and détente.
Conceptions and Misconceptions of Legislation (Legisprudence Library #5)
by A. Daniel Oliver-LalanaThis volume brings together an international group of legal scholars to discuss different approaches to lawmaking. As well as reflecting the diversity of legisprudence as a re-emerging academic field, it offers a broad overview of current developments and challenges in the theory of legislation, and aspires, moreover, to counterbalance some questionable ideas or misconceptions, widespread among jurists, on what making laws entails. The book is organized into three parts. The first comprises a sample of ‘ways and models of legislation’, ranging from classic legislative ideals to contemporary forms of regulation. The essays in this part, variances of focus notwithstanding, revolve around the notions of legislative rationality, quality, effectiveness, and legitimacy, which may be regarded as the cornerstones of legisprudence. Interwoven with these notions is another core legisprudential concern: the justification of laws. We address it separately in the next part by exploring the connection between lawmaking, argumentation and constitutional democracy: under the heading ‘legislation in a culture of justification’, a number of aspects of this connection are tackled that have not been sufficiently considered so far in legisprudential literature, such as the intricacies of legislative reasoning and balancing, or the justificatory problems posed by special-interest legislation. The under privileged status of legisprudence in legal studies and the need for socially attentive and citizen-oriented legislative research come to the fore in the third part of the book which turns to the relationships between ‘legisprudence, lawyers, and citizens’. All in all, the thirteen articles gathered here provide a stimulating insight into the theory of legislation, and can hopefully contribute to the reconciliation of the study of law and the study of its making.
The Rationality and Justification of Legislation: Essays in Legisprudence
by Luc J. Wintgens A. Daniel Oliver-LalanaThe essays collected in this book address legislation from the viewpoint of legal theory and provide an overview of current research in legisprudence as a new scholarly approach to lawmaking. The overall focus of the volume is on the justification of legislation, with a special emphasis on the intricate notion of legislative rationality. With the rational justification of legislation as their central theme, the essays elaborate on the foundations and bounds of legislation and the search for a more principled lawmaking, discuss the role of legislation within the framework of democratic constitutionalism, analyze legislation as implementation of constitutional law, and explore how legislative argumentation in parliament can be construed as a source of justification of laws.
Politics of Migration: Indian Emigration in a Globalized World
by S. Irudaya Rajan A. Didar SinghThis book studies the politics surrounding Indian emigration from the 19th century to the present day. Bringing together data and case studies from across five continents, it moves beyond economic and social movers of migration, and explores the role of politics—both local and global—in shaping diaspora at a deeper level. The work will be invaluable to scholars and students of migration and diaspora studies, development studies, international politics, and sociology as well as policy-makers, and non-governmental organizations in the field.
Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation, and Subaltern Resistance in World History (War and Genocide #12)
by A. Dirk MosesIn 1944, Raphael Lemkin coined the term "genocide" to describe a foreign occupation that destroyed or permanently crippled a subject population. In this tradition, Empire, Colony, Genocide embeds genocide in the epochal geopolitical transformations of the past 500 years: the European colonization of the globe, the rise and fall of the continental land empires, violent decolonization, and the formation of nation states. It thereby challenges the customary focus on twentieth-century mass crimes and shows that genocide and "ethnic cleansing" have been intrinsic to imperial expansion. The complexity of the colonial encounter is reflected in the contrast between the insurgent identities and genocidal strategies that subaltern peoples sometimes developed to expel the occupiers, and those local elites and creole groups that the occupiers sought to co-opt. Presenting case studies on the Americas, Australia, Africa, Asia, the Ottoman Empire, Imperial Russia, and the Nazi "Third Reich," leading authorities examine the colonial dimension of the genocide concept as well as the imperial systems and discourses that enabled conquest. Empire, Colony, Genocide is a world history of genocide that highlights what Lemkin called "the role of the human group and its tribulations."
Genocide And Settler Society
by A. Dirk MosesColonial Genocide has been seen increasingly as a stepping-stone to the European genocides of the twentieth century, yet it remains an under-researched phenomenon. This volume reconstructs instances of Australian genocide and for the first time places them in a global context. Beginning with the arrival of the British in 1788 and extending to the 1960s, the authors identify the moments of radicalization and the escalation of British violence and ethnic engineering aimed at the Indigenous populations, while carefully distinguishing between local massacres, cultural genocide, and genocide itself. These essays reflect a growing concern with the nature of settler society in Australia and in particular with the fate of the tens of thousands of children who were forcibly taken away from their Aboriginal families by state agencies. Long considered a relatively peaceful settlement, Australian society contained many of the pathologies that led to the exterminatory and eugenic policies of twentieth century Europe.
The Idea of a Human Rights Museum
by Ruth B. Phillips Mary Reid A. Dirk Moses Adam Muller Andrew Woolford Angela Failler Christopher Powell Karen Busby Jennifer Carter Clint Curle Helen Fallding Jodi Giesbrecht Amanda Grzyb George Jacob Stephen Jaeger Jorge A. Nállim Ken Norman Armando Perla David Petrasek Roger I. Simon Struan Sinclair"The Idea of a Human Rights Museum" is the first book to examine the formation of the Canadian Museum for Human Rights and to situate the museum within the context of the international proliferation of such institutions. Sixteen essays consider the wider political, cultural and architectural contexts within which the museum physically and conceptually evolved drawing comparisons between the CMHR and institutions elsewhere in the world that emphasize human rights and social justice. This collection brings together authors from diverse fields—law, cultural studies, museum studies, sociology, history, political science, and literature—to critically assess the potentials and pitfalls of human rights education through “ideas” museums. Accessible, engaging, and informative, the collection’s essays will encourage museum-goers to think more deeply about the content of human rights exhibits. The Idea of a Human Rights Museum is the first title in the University of Manitoba Press’s Human Rights and Social Justice Series. This series publishes work that explores the quest for social justice and the basic rights and freedoms to which all human beings are entitled, including civil, political, economic, social, collective, and cultural rights.
China On The Eve Of Communist Takeover
by A. Doak BarnettThis book attempts to illuminate some of the trends and conditions in China just prior to, and at the time of the Communist takeover. The conditions that existed just prior to 1949 provided the immediate starting point, the base line, from which the Chinese Communists, once in power, embarked upon their tremendous political, economic, and social t
Decision-making in Deng's China: Perspectives from Insiders (Studies On Contemporary China)
by A. Doak Barnett Suisheng Zhao Carol Lee HamrinConsiders the politics of central decision-making by focusing on senior policy makers and implementing bureaucracies on the one hand, and actors in economic and non-economic arenas on the other. The contributors held significant party and government positions in China up to 1989.
Modernizing China: Post-Mao Reform And Development
by A. Doak Barnett Ralph N. CloughSince the death of Mao, China has entered a new period in its development. Turning away from the all-encompassing emphasis on revolutionary struggle and ideological transformation that characterized the last years of the Maoist era, China's leaders under Deng Xiaoping have initiated dramatic new reform and development policies. In original essays, the contributors, all senior specialists on contemporary China, analyze the reasons for the new policies, the nature and impact of the changes now occurring, and the prospects for a continuation of these policies in the future. Specifically, they examine the Chinese polity as a "consultative authoritarian" system, the farreaching changes in China's agriculture, important shifts in foreign economic relations, the gradual modernization policy pursued by its military leaders, the relaxation of controls on cultural life, and the possibility that current social policies may well increase equality rather than inequality in Chinese society. The authors conclude that it is too early to judge the eventual, long-term outcome of current reforms, which they believe grew out of the political crises and chronic economic problems that afflicted China in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Although they see some opposition and built-in limits to reform, on balance they foresee strong support for continued reform and believe it will be difficult for future leaders to reverse course.
Quality of Life and Work in Europe: Theory, Practice and Policy
by Tanja van der Lippe Laura Den Dulk M. Bäck-Wiklund T. Van Lippe L. Den Dulk A. Doorne-HuiskesIntense globalization, rapidly changing workplaces and family patterns have renewed the international interest in quality of life. This book examines different institutional arrangements, work-place conditions and gendered work and care that affect the conditions for achieving quality of work and life in European countries.
Sozialstaat unter Zugzwang?: Zwischen Reform und radikaler Neuorientierung
by A. Doris Baumgartner Beat FuxOhne Solidarität, Vergemeinschaftung und Sozialintegration ist der Wohlfahrtsstaat nicht überlebensfähig. Trotzdem bleiben die drei Elemente als grundlegende Konzepte der Sozialstaatsdebatte meist unterbeleuchtet. Expertinnen und Experten aus Sozial- und Politikwissenschaften untersuchen die sozialintegrative Dimension der Wohlfahrtsstaatlichkeit. Aus der Perspektive der Vergemeinschaftung behandeln sie die aktuelle wohlfahrtsstaatliche Theoriedebatte, analysieren Formen von Solidarität und setzen sich mit den spezifischen Problemlagen des modernen Wohlfahrtsstaates auseinander. Angesichts der Krisenhaftigkeit des Kernbereichs Arbeit interessiert insbesondere sein Reformvermögen. Präsentiert werden empirisch orientierte Beiträge zu Familie, Nachbarschaft und Solidarverbänden sowie theoretisch ausgerichtete Beiträge zu aktuellen Problemlagen wie der Arbeit 4.0. Ferner werden Lösungsansätze in Form von „realutopischen“ Perspektiven und Optionen diskutiert.
Housing Policy in Britain: A History
by A. E. HolmansOriginally published in 1987, this book provides a comprehensive history of housing policy in Britain from the beginning of the twentieth century to the end of the 1970s. For every period the author gives a detailed account of the housing situation in which policies operated, the policies pursued and their rationale. Owner-occupation and privately rented housing are fully discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the financial and economic aspects of housing policy, including the impact on it of the economic situation. Issues such as population growth and the increase in the number of households are also examined.
People, Places and Landscapes
by Richard S. Krannich A. E. Luloff Donald R. FieldThis volume is a cogent empirical analysis of the interplay between a region's natural amenities and its socioeconomic evolution. It focuses on the rural sectors of America's Intermountain West region, which lies between the Cascades and Sierra Nevada mountains to the west and the Rocky Mountains to the east. Coherently structured and meticulously detailed, it adds much to our understanding of the ways an area's forests, lakes, mountains, parkland and historic attractions affect residents' sense of well-being as well as the sociodemographic and economic changes they experience. The book examines patterns of growth and change linked to the emergence of 'New West' conditions, assessing their implications for the wider community as well as discussing the impact these trends could have on the consumption of natural resources. It also points to ways in which communities and their development can be managed sustainably. The tight geographical focus of this valuable resource ensures a depth of analysis which can be applied to similar regions worldwide. Based on a large-scale, random-sample survey of both full-time and seasonal residents, it provides a much-needed overview of the macro-level economic, demographic, and social transformations affecting rural communities in America. As such, the book has relevance for all researchers concerned with rural development, the changes impacting rural landscapes, and natural resource management.
The People Link: Human Resource Linkages Across The Pacific
by Wendy Dobson A. E. SafarianThis volume is the third in a series that examines Canada's economic relationships with the countries of East Asia. The purpose of this volume is to illuminate the links among the peoples of the region that Canadians needs to understand when doing business abroad or cooperating with East Asians in North America. The book's six papers examine the role of culture in institutional similarities and differences, both within East Asia and between East Asia and the west, the impact immigrants have on the receiving economy, the role of education and human capital in economic growth, and the role international linkages like trade, investment, cooperation and immigration play in the spread of knowledge.
Trans Studies: The Challenge to Hetero/Homo Normativities
by Sarah Tobias Genny Beemyn Susan R. Rankin Jian Chen Marcia Ochoa Alexandra Rodriguez de Ruiz Valens Keja Nora Butler Burke Lucas Crawford Yolanda Martinez-San Miguel Aren Z. Aizura Sel J. Hwahng Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel A. Finn Enke Pauline Park Jody L. Herman Toby Beauchamp Mickael Chacha EnriquezFrom Caitlyn Jenner to Laverne Cox, transgender people have rapidly gained public visibility, contesting many basic assumptions about what gender and embodiment mean. The vibrant discipline of Trans Studies explores such challenges in depth, building on the insights of queer and feminist theory to raise provocative questions about the relationships among gender, sexuality, and accepted social norms. Trans Studies is an interdisciplinary essay collection, bringing together leading experts in this burgeoning field and offering insights about how transgender activism and scholarship might transform scholarship and public policy. Taking an intersectional approach, this theoretically sophisticated book deeply grounded in real-world concerns bridges the gaps between activism and academia by offering examples of cutting-edge activism, research, and pedagogy.
The Conflict of European and Eastern Algonkian Cultures, 1505-1700: 2nd Edition
by A. G. BaileyThe movement of one cultural group into the territory of another has always produced conflict: a conflict which is resolved at times by the obliteration of one group, but more often by a gradual fusion of elements drawn from both. This study examines the conflict between the Europeans and the Indians precipitated by the arrival of the French in the New World. The Indians were necessarily affected by the fur trade and the religious and social development of New France, and the meeting of contrary cultures resulted in most cases in the obliteration of that of the Indian. However, a fusion of Indian and European elements sometimes occurred, resulting in the birth of a 'Canadian' culture. The process has been repeated with the immigration of every new cultural group to Canada. This study analyses the conflict and traces the fusion of Canadian culture in its initial stage. First published in 1937, the book has proved an importance contribution to an area of early Canadian history which has been receiving renewed attention. This edition contains the original text with the addition of an index and a new chapter appraising some of the leading developments of the past few years.
Sir Guy Carleton: Lord Dorchester
by A. G. BradleyThis biography of Sir Guy Carleton was first published in the famous Makers of Canada series in 1907, and re-issued in 1926 with supplementary notes incorporating later research by A.L. Burt. When it first appeared it was reviewed by William Wood, who described it as "a really good book on one of the greatest makers of the Empire."
Planning and Growth in Rich and Poor Countries (Routledge Revivals)
by A. G. Ford Walter BirminghamOriginally published in 1966, this book was written at a time when economists realized that rapid growth in developing nations could not be achieved without comprehensive planning and that no economy could be left to grow of its own accord without the danger of major fluctuations in economic activity and long periods of stagnation. Written by a team of academic economists who combined specialized knowledge of the theory of economic growth with world-wide experience of its practical applications, this volume provides an intelligent analysis of the problems of economic growth which faced nations that had embarked on the planning of their economies such as the UK, India, Ghana, Sierra Leone and New Zealand.
Capitalism in the Colonies: African Merchants in Lagos, 1851–1931
by A. G. HopkinsAn account that challenges the conventional views of African merchants under colonialism, examining the emergence and changing fortunes of indigenous entrepreneurs in Lagos, NigeriaIn Capitalism in the Colonies, A. G. Hopkins provides the first substantial assessment of the fortunes of African entrepreneurs under colonial rule. Examining the lives and careers of 100 merchants in Lagos, Nigeria, between 1850 and 1931, Hopkins challenges conventional views of the contribution made by indigenous entrepreneurs to the long-run economic development of Nigeria. He argues that African merchants in Lagos not only survived, but were also responsible for key innovations in trade, construction, farming, and finance that are essential for understanding the development of Nigeria&’s economy.The book is based on a large, representative sample and covers a time span that traces mercantile fortunes over two and three generations. Drawing on a wide range of sources, Hopkins shows that indigenous entrepreneurs were far more adventurous than expatriate firms. African merchants in Lagos pioneered motor vehicles, sewing machines, publishing, tanneries, and new types of internal trade. They founded the construction industry that built Lagos into a major port city, moved inland to start the cocoa-farming industry, and developed the finance sector that is still vital to Nigeria&’s economy. They also took the lead in changing single-owned businesses into limited liability companies, creating freehold property rights and promoting wage labour. In short, Hopkins argues, they were the capitalists who introduced the institutions of capitalism into Nigeria. The story of African merchants in Nigeria reminds us, he writes, that economic structures have no life of their own until they are animated by the actions of creative individuals.
British Politics and the Policy Process: An Arena Approach (Routledge Revivals)
by A. G. Jordan J. J. RichardsonIn British Politics and the Policy Process (originally published in 1987), Grant Jordan and Jeremy Richardson provide an introduction to the workings of British political process and a guide to the ways in which it can be studied. They show how political decisions are taken and policies are adopted inside Parliament, in the political parties, and in cabinet, and how they are mediated and influenced by, for example, the civil service and pressure groups. In doing so, they draw widely on case study material, and systematically utilize the memoir material of ex-Ministers and civil servants to give a realistic feel for policy making at the centre of British politics.This book is, however, interpretative as well as descriptive. The authors argue that Parliament is usually marginal to political decision making, and powerfully reject the thesis of adversary politics, which holds that British politics undergoes major change when there is a switch in party control of Government. This then is a textbook that will serve as an ideal introduction to students of British government and comparative politics, but which is also a stimulating and original contribution to current debates in political science.
Orthodox Christians and the Rights Revolution in America (Orthodox Christianity and Contemporary Thought)
by A. G. RoeberA distinctive and unrivaled examination of North American Eastern Orthodox Christians and their encounter with the rights revolution in a pluralistic American society.From the civil rights movement of the 1950s to the “culture wars” of North America, commentators have identified the partisans bent on pursuing different “rights” claims. When religious identity surfaces as a key determinant in how the pursuit of rights occurs, both “the religious right” and “liberal” believers remain the focus of how each contributes to making rights demands. How Orthodox Christians in North America have navigated the “rights revolution,” however, remains largely unknown. From the disagreements over the rights of the First Peoples of Alaska to arguments about the rights of transgender persons, Orthodox Christians have engaged an anglo-American legal and constitutional rights tradition. But they see rights claims through the lens of an inherited focus on the dignity of the human person.In a pluralistic society and culture, Orthodox Christians, both converts and those with family roots in Orthodox countries, share with non-Orthodox fellow citizens the challenge of reconciling conflicting rights claims. Those claims do pit “religious liberty” rights claims against perceived dangers from outside the Orthodox Church. But internal disagreements about the rights of clergy and people within the Church accompany the Orthodox Christian engagement with debates over gender, sex, and marriage as well as expanding political, legal, and human rights claims. Despite their small numbers, North American Orthodox remain highly visible and their struggles influential among the more than 280 million Orthodox worldwide. Orthodox Christians and the Rights Revolution in America offers an historical analysis of this unfolding story.
Modelling the City: Performance, Policy and Planning
by C. S. Bertuglia G. R. Clarke A. G. WilsonFirst published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Urban Systems: Contemporary Approaches to Modelling (Routledge Revivals #Vol. 1)
by C. S. Bertuglia A. G. Wilson G. Leonardi S. Occelli G. A. Rabino R. TadeiThis edited collection, first published in 1987, provides a comparative analysis of different approaches to urban modelling, and lays the foundations for the possibility of integration and a more unified field. The first part contextualises the development of the field of urban systems modelling, focusing on the variety of approaches and possible implications of this on the future of research and methodology. Next, the editors consider economic and ‘non-economic’ approaches, followed by an analysis of spatial-interaction-based approaches. Providing an overview to the field and research literature, the overarching argument is that there should be an integrated methodological approach to urban system modelling.
Genocide and its Threat to Contemporary International Order: Consent And The Controlled Body (New Security Challenges)
by A. GallagherFor far too long the discipline of International Relations has failed to engage with the study of genocide. This is despite the fact that genocide holds a direct relationship with the central concepts of international relations: the state, war, power, and security. This bold, innovative and unique book sets out to tackle this by bringing the concept of genocide into the discipline of IR, via the English School, in order to theorise the relationship between genocide, justice, and order. Drawing on a wide-range of primary and secondary interdisciplinary material from International Relations, Genocide Studies, Security Studies, International Law, History, Politics and Political Theory, this book aims to understand genocide within the context of International Relations and the implications that this has on policymaking. Gallagher identifies the obstacles and challenges involved in bringing the study of genocide into IR and uniquely analyses the impact of genocide on the ordering structure of international society.