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Distributed Situation Awareness: Theory, Measurement and Application to Teamwork (Human Factors in Defence)
by Paul M. Salmon Neville A. Stanton Daniel P. JenkinsHaving an accurate understanding of what is going on is a key commodity for teams working within military systems. 'Situation awareness' (SA) is the term that is used within human factors circles to describe the level of awareness that operators have of the situation that they are engaged in; it focuses on how operators develop and maintain a sufficient understanding of 'what is going on' in order to achieve success in task performance. Over the past two decades, the construct has become a fundamental theme within the areas of system design and evaluation and has received considerable attention from the human factors research community. Despite this, there is still considerable debate over how SA operates in complex collaborative systems and how SA achievement and maintenance is best supported through system, procedure and interface design. This book focuses on the recently developed concept of distributed situation awareness, which takes a systems perspective on the concept and moves the focus on situation awareness out of the heads of individual operators and on to the overall joint cognitive system consisting of human and technological agents. Situation awareness is viewed as an emergent property of collaborative systems, something that resides in the interaction between elements of the system and not in the heads of individual operators working in that system. The first part of the book presents a comprehensive review and critique of existing SA theory and measurement approaches, following which a novel model for complex collaborative systems, the distributed SA model, and a new modelling procedure, the propositional network approach, are outlined and demonstrated. The next part focuses on real-world applications of the model and modelling procedure, and presents four case studies undertaken in the land warfare, multinational warfare and energy distribution domains. Each case study is described in terms of the domain in question, the methodology employed, and the findings derived in relation to situation awareness theory. The third and final part of the book then concentrates on theoretical development, and uses the academic literature and the findings from the case study applications to validate and extend the distributed SA model described at the beginning of the book. In closing, the utility of the distributed SA model and modeling procedure are outlined and a series of initial guidelines for supporting distributed SA through system design are articulated.
Advances in Human Factors in Sports and Outdoor Recreation: Proceedings of the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Human Factors in Sports and Outdoor Recreation, July 27-31, 2016, Walt Disney World®, Florida, USA (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #496)
by Paul Salmon Anne-Claire MacquetThis book describes cutting-edge applications of human factors for sport and outdoor recreation disciplines and provides practical guidance on a range of methods for describing, representing, and evaluating human, team, and system performance in sports domains. Contributions in this book show how various human factors methods, applied historically in the complex safety critical domains, are suited to describing and understanding sports performance and sports injury prevention. The book discusses a wealth of methods for different purposes, such as data collection, task analysis (including cognitive task analysis), workload measurement, assessing situation awareness, performance assessment (including team performance assessment), decision making and cognition in sports, human error identification, and interface evaluation methods. With respect to other publications in human factors and ergonomics, which have been more focused on the biomechanical, physiological, environmental, and equipment-related aspects of sports performance, this book gives a special emphasis to research on analysis of individual and team sports, cognitive and social human factors, and covers both sports and outdoor recreation disciplines. Based on the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Human Factors in Sports and Outdoor Recreation, held on July 27-31, 2016, in Walt Disney World®, Florida, USA, this book provides readers with a timely survey of new methods that can be implemented during any sport or outdoor recreation event for analyzing and improving the performance and safety of both individuals and teams.
Coming to Know (Routledge Revivals)
by Phillida SalmonFirst published in 1980, Coming to Know offers an account which runs counter to orthodox educational psychology, in which learning and knowledge are reified, emotional aspects are excluded, the personal-social situation of the learner is ignored, and the created character of knowledge with all its social and political ramifications is denied. This collection of work explores personal knowing in a wide range of activities, from children’s classroom adjustment, through student learning as a social practice, to women’s perceptions of themselves. It argues that the processes of learning and knowing are not divorced from the learner as a person. Broadly humanistic in its approach, Coming to Know provides a welcome counterbalance to the scientific theory of learning. This book is an essential read for scholars and researchers of educational psychology and also for teachers and educationists.
Psychology for Teachers: An alternative approach (Routledge Revivals)
by Phillida SalmonFirst published in 1988, Psychology for Teachers offers a new approach to the study of the psychology of education. In contrast to many traditional texts, in which measurement is overemphasized and the individual tends to disappear in generalizations, this accessible book stresses the importance of both the individual and the process of learning and considers all aspects of schooling from the viewpoint of the person- whether teacher or pupil. Phillida Salmon provides a profile of the learning classroom through detailed case studies and examples. Her thesis will find an immediate response with all those who work in education. Psychology for Teachers offers both to those in training and in the classroom, and to those who work with them, a new and helpful way of engaging with the challenge of education and invites them to consider from a fresh viewpoint, some critical issues in schooling.
The Corporate Transformation of Health Care: Part 1: Issues and Directions (Policy, Politics, Health and Medicine Series)
by Warren J SalmonThe author explores how the corporate transformation of hospitals, HMOs, and the insurance and pharmaceutical industries has resulted in reduction in services, dangerous cost cutting, poor regulation, and corrupt research. He sheds light on the political lobbying and media manipulation that keeps the present system in place. Exposing the shortcomings of reform proposals that do little to alter the status quo, he makes a case for a workable single-payer system. This is an essential read for today's practitioners, policy makers, healthcare analysts and providers, and all those concerned with the precarious state of America's under- and uninsured.
Raó i emoció: Recursos per aprendre i ensenyar a pensar
by Ferran SalmurriUn llibre per ajudar-te a trobar noves formes de pensar i de viure. La relació entre raó i emoció és bàsica per al desenvolupament d'una millor manera de viure i de conviure, amb un grau més gran de benestar emocional i de felicitat, que és l'objectiu de tots els éssers humans. El fet que tot el que sentim depèn del que pensem i percebem fa imperiosa la necessitat de canviar, és a dir, d'aprendre a viure i a conviure d'una manera més humana i menys primitiva, de millorar el control de les nostres emocions i del nostre egoisme. Amb aquest llibre es pretén posar a l'abast d'un públic ampli, una lectura divulgativa i pràctica sobre aquests temes, està escrit tant per aprendre un mateix com per ensenyar als fills o a alumnes.
Handbook on Peace Education
by Gavriel Salomon Edward CairnsThis handbook encompasses a range of disciplines that underlie the field of peace education and provides the rationales for the ways it is actually carried out . The discipline is a composite of contributions from a variety of disciplines ranging from social psychology to philosophy and from communication to political science. That is, peace education is an applied subject which is practiced in differing ways, but must always be firmly based on a range of established empirical disciplines. The volume is structured around contributions from expert scholars in various fields that underpin peace education, plus contributions from experts in applying peace education in a range of settings, all complemented by chapters which deal with issues related to research and evaluation of peace education.
Peace Education: The Concept, Principles, and Practices Around the World
by Gavriel Salomon Baruch NevoPeace Education: * presents views on the nature of peace education, its history, and relationships to neighboring fields; * examines relevant psychological and pedagogical principles, such as the contact experience, conciliation through personal story telling, reckoning with traumatic memories, body-work, and the socio-emotional aspects of reconciliation; and * introduces an array of international examples from countries, such as Croatia, Northern Ireland, Israel, South Africa, Rwanda, and the United States in order to generalize lessons learned. A "must have" for all those thinking, planning, conducting, and studying peace education programs, it is intended for scholars, students, and researchers interested in peace and conflict resolution in higher education and volunteer and public organizations. Its cross disciplinary approach will appeal to those in social and political psychology, communication, education, religion, political science, sociology, and philosophy.
Same, Different, Equal: Rethinking Single-sex Schooling
by Rosemary C. SalomoneIn this timely book, Salomone offers a reasoned educational and legal argument supporting single-sex education as an alternative to coeducation, particularly in the case of disadvantaged minority students.
Psychoanalytic Therapy with Infants and their Parents: Practice, Theory, and Results
by Björn SalomonssonPsychoanalytic Therapy with Infants and Parents provides a clear guide to clinical psychoanalytic work with distressed babies and unhappy parents, a numerous clinical group so often in need of urgent help. Although psychoanalytic work is primarily verbal, and infants may have limited language, this form of treatment is receiving increased attention among therapists. Björn Salomonsson explores how such work can be possible and benefit infants, how to work with the parents (especially the mother), and how major psychoanalytic concepts such as primal repression, infantile sexuality and transference can be worked with and understood in these therapies. Björn Salomonsson argues that attachment concepts, though important, cannot solely help explain everyday problems with breastfeeding, sleeping, and weaning, or more recalcitrant interaction disorders. He shows how we also need psychoanalytic concepts to better understand, not only such "baby worries", but also adult clients' non-verbal communications and interactions. Throughout, he uses extensive practice-based examples and also refers to his research which provides evidence for the effectiveness of this practice. Psychoanalytic Therapy with Infants and Parents provides a unique perspective on working psychoanalytically with parents and infants. This book will be essential reading for psychoanalysts and therapists working with children as well as adults.
Psychodynamic Interventions in Pregnancy and Infancy: Clinical and Theoretical Perspectives
by Björn SalomonssonPsychodynamic Interventions in Pregnancy and Infancy builds on Björn Salomonsson’s experiences as a psychoanalytic consultant working with parents and their babies. Emotional problems during the perinatal stages can arise and be observed and addressed by a skilled midwife, nurse or health visitor. Salomonsson has developed a method combining nurse supervision and therapeutic consultations which has lowered the thresholds for parents to come and talk with him. The brief consultations concern pregnant women, mother and baby, husband and wife, toddler and parent. The theoretical framework is psychoanalytic, but the mode of work is eclectic and adapted to the family’s situation and its members’ motivation. This book details such work, which can be applied globally; perinatal psychotherapy integrated with ordinary medical health care. It also explains how psychotherapy can be made more accessible to a larger population. Via detailed case presentations, the author takes the reader through pregnancy, childbirth and the first few years of life. He also brings in research studies emphasizing the importance of early interventions, with the aim of providing therapists with arguments for such work in everyday family health care. To further substantiate such arguments, the book ends with theoretical chapters and, finally, the author’s vision of the future of a perinatal health care that integrates medical and psychological perspectives. Psychodynamic Interventions in Pregnancy and Infancy will appeal to all psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists working in this area, as well as clinical psychologists, clinical social workers and medical personnel working with parents and infants.
Dialogues with Children and Adolescents: A Psychoanalytic Guide
by Björn Salomonsson Majlis Winberg-SalomonssonPsychoanalytic work with children is popular, but the sophisticated language used in psychoanalytic discourse can be at odds with how children communicate, and how best to communicate with them. Dialogues with Children and Adolescents: A Psychoanalytic Guide shows how these aims can be achieved for the most effective clinical outcome with children from infancy up to late adolescence. Björn Salomonsson and Majlis Winberg Salomonsson draw on extensive case material which reveals the essence of communication between child and therapist. They enfranchise the patient of all ages as an equal participant in the therapeutic relationship. Presented in letter form the cases contain no professional terms. Only the final chapter contains theoretical commentaries applicable to each case. These terms and theories help to explain a child’s behaviour, the analyst’s technique and the background to the disorder. This is new creative development in child therapy and analysis which is written in a very accessible style. Dialogues with Children and Adolescents will be essential reading for beginners in psychoanalytic work with children and will cast a fresh light on such work for more experienced clinicians. It will also appeal to the non-professional lay reader.
Metapsychological Perspectives on Psychic Survival: Integration of Traumatic Helplessness in Psychoanalysis (The New Library of Psychoanalysis)
by Simo SalonenMetapsychological Perspectives on Psychic Survival explores the integration of traumatic helplessness in the course of psychoanalytic treatment. Based on the author’s many years of experience of working with psychotic and severely traumatised patients, this book offers guidelines to approach extreme psychic trauma in the therapeutic setting. Simo Salonen links psychic representation of the elementary drive phenomena and metaphorical thinking to primary identification understood as a mode of object finding. The collapse of this connection signifies a radical psychic trauma, the integration of which into the temporal continuity of an individual’s life is an essential task for psychoanalysis. Another key element of this book is Salonen’s notion of the primal representative matrix, referring to a resource of primary narcissism that an individual has been endowed with, carrying vital meanings. Also explored is the crucial work of mourning, as the result of which the impoverished ego may recover its primary narcissistic resources. Using insights from numerous case studies, Salonen offers a new way of understanding severe trauma, which can be used to advance both psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice. Metapsychological Perspectives on Psychic Survival will be of great interest to psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists.
Split: A powerful, addictive love story with a twist...
by J.B. SalsburyFrom the New York Times bestselling author of The Fighting Series, comes Split, a dark, deeply emotional story of love against the odds with a suspenseful twist, perfect for fans of Katy Evans, Jamie McGuire and Sophie Jackson.When her career takes a hit, Shyann abruptly finds herself jobless, penniless and packing for her hometown - where memories of her late mother and a reunion with her distant father await. Lucas needs a quiet life, and that's exactly what he's found in Payson, Arizona. He finally feels like he fits...and is starting to keep his mind in check. Having suffered blackouts since he was a child, Lucas knows he's not like other guys. The minute he meets his boss's strong-willed, sexy-as-sin daughter, her probing eyes and personal questions pick away at his barriers. Shyann is everything Lucas wants - and everything he should never have. When the blackouts return, the last thing he wants is to expose how dangerous he can be...When you can't trust yourself, how can you ask anyone else to? Don't miss J. B. Salsbury's powerfully emotional romance, Wrecked, coming soon.
Wrecked: A heartbreakingly beautiful story of love and redemption
by J.B. SalsburyWrecked is the new standalone novel of deliciously dark, deeply emotional contemporary romance from J. B. Salsbury, the New York Times bestselling author of Split and The Fighting Series, perfect for fans of Katy Evans, Jamie McGuire and Sophie Jackson.When you can't trust yourself, how can you ask anyone else to?It's been months since Aden Colt left the Army, and still the memories haunt him. When he moved into a tiny boat off the California coast, he thought he'd found the perfect place to escape life. Then Sawyer shows up and turns his simple life upside down. Beautiful and sophisticated, she seems out of place in this laid-back beach town. Something is pushing her to experience everything she can - including Aden. But as much as he wants her, starting a relationship with Sawyer puts them both at risk. For Aden, the past doesn't stay there; it shows up unexpectedly, uncontrollably, and doesn't care whose life it wrecks.He's not like other guys... Don't miss J. B. Salsbury's unique and explosive romance, Split, out now.
Conditioned Reflex Therapy: How to be Assertive, Happy and Authentic and Overcome Anxiety and Depression
by Andrew SalterAndrew Salter's Conditioned Reflex Therapy introduced behavior therapy as well as many specific techniques still used today, including methods for assertion, relaxation, imagery and short-term therapy. CRT includes numerous case studies of how Salter helped clients quickly overcome phobias, anxieties, and depression.Lauded by Aldous Huxley, Andrew Salter's revolutionary book introduced behavior therapy as well as many specific techniques still used today, including methods for assertion, getting in touch with one's feelings, relaxation, imagery, and short-term therapy. Conditioned Reflex Therapy also includes numerous case studies of how Salter helped his clients quickly overcome their phobias, anxieties, and depression.
Predators: Pedophiles, Rapists, And Other Sex Offenders
by Anna SalterWhat motivates sexual abusers? Why are so few caught? Drawing on the stories of abusers, Anna C. Salter shows that sexual predators use sophisticated deception techniques and rely on misconceptions surrounding them to evade discovery. Arguing that even the most knowledgeable among us can be fooled, Salter dispels the myths about sexual predators and gives us the tools to protect our families and ourselves.
Transforming Trauma: A Guide to Understanding and Treating Adult Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse
by Anna C. SalterPractitioners helping adult survivors of child sexual abuse need to be aware of the thought processes of offenders. The premise of Anna Salter's major book is that those who do not recognize an internalized perpetrator when they hear one will often be frustrated by the tenacity of the survivor's self blame. Primarily oriented towards treating adult survivors, this invaluable book will also be useful for treating sex offenders. It includes discussion of crucial issues such as: what clinicians who treat survivors need to know about sex offenders; the different ways sadistic and nonsadistic offenders think and the resulting different `footprints' they leave in the heads of survivors; how trauma affects survivors' world-views.
The Adolescent and Adult Neuro-diversity Handbook: Asperger Syndrome, ADHD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia and Related Conditions
by Claire Salter Sarah HendrickxIncreasing numbers of adults are realising that they have been living with an undiagnosed developmental condition, yet most information and support focuses on children. This leaves many adults confused and in the dark. The Adolescent and Adult Neuro-Diversity Handbook is a handy first-reference point guide to the full range of developmental conditions as they affect adolescents and adults. Each chapter focuses on a different condition, describing its history, causes and characteristics, its implications for the individual, diagnosis and assessment, treatments and approaches, and strategies for providing support and self-support. A wide range of conditions are covered, including Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, ADHD, OCD, Tourette's and Anxiety Disorders. The Adolescent and Adult Neuro-Diversity Handbook is an invaluable resource for health and social care practitioners, as well as for individuals who feel that they may be living with an undiagnosed developmental condition.
Setting Up and Running a Peer Listening Scheme
by Kathy SalterMany children and young people in our schools are in need of someone to talk to. They have problems at home, difficulties with school work, or find that, for whatever reason, they just don’t ‘fit in’. A sympathetic listener who can offer some support can make all the difference. There isn’t a school in the land that wouldn’t benefit from a well-run peer listening scheme – here is the ‘how to do it’ guidance that will help busy practitioners to put in place something that really works.
Mechanisms of Age-cognition Relations in Adulthood (Distinguished Lecture Series)
by Timothy A. SalthouseThis monograph is the written version of a series of talks delivered as recent MacEachran Lectures at the University of Alberta. The informal style of the lectures, and the inclusion of a relatively large number of figures, has been preserved in order to keep the monograph faithful to the concept of an individual attempting to integrate his own research into a reasonably coherent framework. Although the volume is very much a personal account of one individual's perspective, the studies reported are naturally a product of many collaborations as well as inspirations from colleagues. The fundamental issue addressed is how adult age differences in fluid or process aspects of cognitive functioning are to be explained. Several potential mediators are considered, with most of the emphasis devoted to the investigation of working memory and processing speed as variables mediating relations between age and cognition.
Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive Aging
by Timothy A. SalthouseThe phenomenon of age-related cognitive decline has long been controversial, both in terms of mere existence, and with respect to how it is explained. Some researchers have dismissed it as an artifact of declining health or lower levels of education, and others have attributed it to general changes occurring in the external environment. Still other interpretations have been based on the "use it or lose it" principle -- known as the Disuse Hypothesis -- or on the idea that there are qualitative differences in either the structure or the process of cognition across the adult years. Perhaps the most popular approach at present relies on the information-processing perspective and attempts to identify the critical processing component most responsible for age-related differences in cognition. The primary purposes of this book are first to review the evidence of age-related differences in cognitive functioning and then to evaluate the major explanations proposed to account for the negative relations between age and cognition that have been established. Included is a discussion of theoretical dimensions and levels of scientific theorizing assumed to be helpful in understanding and evaluating alternative perspectives on cognitive aging. The various perspectives are then covered in detail and analyzed. The text concludes with observations about the progress that has been made in explaining cognitive aging phenomena, plus recommendations for research practices that might contribute to greater progress in the future.
The Power of Different: The Link Between Disorder and Genius
by Dr. Gail SaltzThe Power of Different is an illuminating and uplifting examination of the link between brain differences and aptitude. Psychologist and bestselling author Gail Saltz presents the latest scientific research and profiles famous geniuses and lay individuals who have been diagnosed with all manner of brain 'problems' - including learning disabilities, ADD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and autism. Saltz shows that the source of our struggles can be the origin of our greatest strengths. Rooted in her experience as a professor and practicing psychiatrist, and based on the latest neurological research, Saltz demonstrates how specific deficits in certain areas of the brain are directly associated with the potential for great talent. She also shows how the very conditions that can cause difficulty at school, in social situations, at home or at work, are bound to creative, disciplinary, artistic, empathetic and cognitive abilities.In this pioneering work, readers will find engaging scientific research and stories from historical geniuses and everyday individuals who have not only made the most of their conditions, but who have flourished because of them. Enlightening and inspiring, The Power of Different shows how the unique wiring of every brain can be a source of strength and productivity, and can contribute to the richness of our world.
Anatomy of a Secret Life
by Gail SaltzWhat do these people have in common? • The traveling businessman who brings prostitutes back to his hotel room • The wealthy woman who is arrested for shoplifting • The seemingly happily married man who cruises gay clubs They are all—despite differences in degree, gender, and age—living a double life, one of our most deeply ingrained, but poorly understood psychological drives. Now, Dr. Gail Saltz steps into the breach to explore —in detail and based on the latest research—our impulse to create and nurture alter egos. Saltz reveals how assuming a different identity can be healthy and tremendously liberating. For proof, we need look no further than the innumerable people who reinvent themselves by moving to the big city, or the countless pseudonymous bloggers. But, as she also makes clear, leading a secret life comes with potentially serious psychological risks. She shows that, in more extreme cases, leading a secret life can have devastating emotional, social and familial consequences—both for the person leading the secret life, and for those close to him or her. The definitive popular work on how a secret life is formed, lived, justified, and exposed, Saltz’sAnatomyincludes contemporary case studies and historical examples (Lindbergh, T. E. Lawrence, Tchaikovsky, et cetera) of people who have risked it all for a taste of forbidden fruit.
The Power of Different: The Link Between Disorder and Genius
by Gail SaltzA powerful and inspiring examination of the connection between the potential for great talent and conditions commonly thought to be “disabilities,” revealing how the source of our struggles can be the origin of our greatest strengths. InThe Power of Different, psychiatrist and bestselling author Gail Saltz examines the latest scientific discoveries, profiles famous geniuses who have been diagnosed with all manner of brain “problems”--including learning disabilities, ADD, anxiety, Depression, Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and Autism--and tells the stories of lay individuals to demonstrate how specific deficits in certain areas of the brain are directly associated with the potential for great talent. Saltz shows how the very conditions that cause people to experience difficulty at school, in social situations, at home, or at work, are inextricably bound to creative, disciplinary, artistic, empathetic, and cognitive abilities. In this pioneering work, readers will find engaging scientific research and stories from historical geniuses and everyday individuals who have not only made the most of their conditions, but who have flourished because of them. They are leaning into their brain differences to: *Identify areas of interest and expertise *Develop work arounds *Create the environments that best foster their talents *Forge rewarding interpersonal relationships. Enlightening and inspiring,The Power of Different proves that the unique wiring of every brain can be a source of strength and productivity, and contributes to the richness of our world.