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Novel Plant Natural Product Skeletons: Discoveries from 1999-2021
by Yongxian Cheng Dapeng QinThis book provides an overview of the new plant natural product skeletons discovered from 1999 to 2021. It categorizes these natural products by providing their names, source distributions, structural types, structure characteristics, and bioactivities. A total of 1373 plant products in 99 families are presented, which cover 36 different structure types within the Hypericaceae family of which the majority are alkaloid structures. In addition, it presents the biological profiling in the last 23 years by summarizing the biological activities and potential disadvantages. The new natural products skeleton presented are unprecedented structural scaffolds and could bring new opportunities for biological/pharmaceutical areas and provide new structure templates for synthetic chemists. This book helps readers gain in-depth insight into the past and recent trends of natural products; it also assists those interested in assessing the potential biological function of the natural products.
Nuclear Materials under Irradiation
by Serge Bouffard Nathalie MoncoffreAt every stage of the fuel cycle, the materials used are at the heart of nuclear energy safety issues. These materials, which range from steel to polymers, including ceramics, glass, concrete and graphite, are submitted to extreme stresses combining mechanical, thermal and irradiation constraints. The objective of this book is to provide a basis for the research of nuclear materials subjected to irradiation, with the desire to contextualize them in the industrial environment. Therefore, most of the chapters are co-authored and contain a mix of basic and applied research. The reader will find chapters on nuclear reactor materials (structural materials, neutron absorbers, moderators and nuclear fuel) and on materials in waste management (glass, concrete and organic materials). These material chapters are complemented by more general information on defects and their creation, radiolysis and irradiation and characterization tools.
Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials: Stabilities and Applications
by Yunfeng Lin Shaojingya GaoNucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials Learn about the cutting-edge nanotechnologies that play an important role in clinical and medical therapies Nucleic acids, the biomolecules that carry most of nature’s critical genetic information, are an omnipresent component of life on earth. Nanomaterials incorporating or otherwise built around nucleic acids and their key properties have a number of clinical and medical applications, including drug delivery and more. Biomaterials scientists and other professionals in these fields can benefit enormously from increased knowledge of these invaluable materials. Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials supplies a thorough, rigorous overview of these materials and their possible applications. Beginning with an introduction to the history of nanomaterials and their nucleic acid-based subcategories, the book offers a detailed and state-of-the-art survey of the current research into these molecules, efforts to increase their biostability, and their incorporation into a range of industries. The result is an essential contribution to materials science in a variety of life-saving contexts. Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials readers will also find: Application-oriented structure that grounds general concepts in their specific instantiationsDetailed discussion of applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial therapy, and moreA rigorous yet accessible approach suitable for both academia and industry Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials is ideal for chemists of all types, particularly biochemists and medical chemists, and those in industry.
Nuklearmedizin bei endokrinen Erkrankungen: Diagnose und Therapie
by George Barberio Coura-Filho Mayara Torres Silva de Oliveira Ana Luiza Morais de CamposDieses Buch enthält aktuelle Informationen über die allgemeinen Grundsätze der diagnostischen und therapeutischen Nuklearmedizin im Kontext der Endokrinologie.Der Inhalt ist in sechs Teile gegliedert. In Abschnitt I werden allgemeine Aspekte der Radiopharmaka, der Szintigraphie, der Single-Photon-Emissions-Computertomographie (SPECT), der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET), der Radionuklidtherapien und der strahlengesteuerten Chirurgie behandelt. Abschnitt II befasst sich mit diagnostischen Anwendungen bei gutartigen Schilddrüsenerkrankungen und der Beurteilung von Schilddrüsenknoten. Abschnitt III gibt einen Überblick über die Behandlung von Nebenschilddrüsenerkrankungen. In Abschnitt IV werden diagnostische Verfahren bei gut differenziertem Schilddrüsenkrebs vorgestellt. Abschnitt V befasst sich mit Verfahren und Therapie bei gut- und bösartigen Erkrankungen der Nebenniere (Phäochromozytome und Paragangliome). Schließlich werden in Abschnitt VI die Diagnose und Behandlung neuroendokriner Tumoren vorgestellt.Nuklearmedizin bei endokrinen Erkrankungen: Diagnose und Therapie richtet sich an nicht spezialisierte Nuklearmediziner, die auf dem Gebiet der Endokrinologie arbeiten, und ist auch für Forscher und Studenten eine wertvolle Ressource.
A Numerical Approach to the Simplified Laminate Theory of Composite Materials: The Composite Laminate Analysis Tool—CLAT 1D (Advanced Structured Materials #202)
by Andreas Öchsner Resam MakvandiA typical approach to treat composite materials, which are composed of layered unidirectional lamina, is the so-called classical laminate theory (CLT). This theory is based on the theory for plane elasticity elements and classical (shear-rigid) plate elements under the assumption of orthotropic constitutive equations. The solution of the fundamental equations of the classical laminate theory is connected with extensive matrix operations and many problems require in addition iteration loops.This two-dimensional approach and the underlying advanced continuum mechanical modeling might be very challenging for some students, particularly at universities of applied sciences. Thus, a reduced approach, the so-called simplified classical laminate theory (SCLT), has been recently proposed. The idea was to use solely isotropic one-dimensional elements, i.e., a superposition of bar and beam elements, to introduce the major calculation steps of the classical laminate theory. Understanding this simplified theory is much easier and the final step it to highlight the differences when moving to the general two-dimensional case.This monograph first provides a systematic and thorough introduction to the simplified laminate theory based on the theory for bars and classical beam plate elements. The focus is on stacking of isotropic layers to simplified laminates. In addition to the elastic behavior, failure is investigated based on the maximum stress, maximum strain, Tsai-Hill, and the Tsai-Wu criteria. We provide a Python-based computational tool, the so-called Composite Laminate Analysis Tool (CLAT 1D) to easily solve some standard questions from the context of fiber reinforced composites. The tool runs in any standard web browser and offers a user-friendly interface with many post-processing options. The functionality comprises stress and strain analysis of simplified lamina and laminates and the failure analysis based on different criteria.
Numerical Cognition and the Epistemology of Arithmetic
by Markus PantsarArithmetic is one of the foundations of our educational systems, but what exactly is it? Numbers are everywhere in our modern societies, but what is our knowledge of numbers really about? This book provides a philosophical account of arithmetical knowledge that is based on the state-of-the-art empirical studies of numerical cognition. It explains how humans have developed arithmetic from humble origins to its modern status as an almost universally possessed knowledge and skill. Central to the account is the realisation that, while arithmetic is a human creation, the development of arithmetic is constrained by our evolutionarily developed cognitive architecture. Arithmetic is a sophisticated cultural development, but it is ultimately based on abilities with numerosities that we already possess as infants and share with many non-human animals. Therefore, arithmetic is not purely conventional, an arbitrary game akin to chess. Instead, arithmetic is deeply connected to our basic cognitive capacities.
Numerical Exploration of Isolated GaAs-AlGaAs Quantum Well (Synthesis Lectures on Engineering, Science, and Technology)
by Sujaul Chowdhury Urmi TalukderThis book begins with the eigenvalue equation of energy and presents calculation of the energy spectrum of GaAs-AlGaAs Quantum Well using finite difference method and knowledge of potential energy profile, without using expressions for eigenfunctions, continuity of eigenfunctions, or their spatial derivatives at the two abrupt potential steps. The authors find that the results are almost the same as those obtained by solving numerically using regula falsi method, and transcendental equations that are obeyed by the energy levels, where the transcendental equations are obtained by requiring continuity of eigenfunctions and of their spatial derivatives at the two potential steps. Thus, this book confirms that it is possible to numerically calculate the energy spectrum of Quantum Well by the finite difference method when it is not correct or when it is not possible to use continuity of eigenfunctions and their spatial derivatives at the two abrupt potential steps. The authors also showthat it is possible to use the finite difference method in cases where the potential steps are non-abrupt. The book demonstrates this by calculating the energy spectrum of isolated parabolic Quantum Well of finite depth using finite difference method.
Numerical Methods: Classical and Advanced Topics
by Shanmuganathan RajasekarThis book presents a pedagogical treatment of a wide range of numerical methods to suit the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students, and teachers and researchers in physics, mathematics, and engineering. For each method, the derivation of the formula/algorithm, error analysis, case studies, applications in science and engineering and the special features are covered. A detailed presentation of solving time-dependent Schrödinger equation and nonlinear wave equations, along with the Monte Carlo techniques (to mention a few) will aid in students’ understanding of several physical phenomena including tunnelling, elastic collision of nonlinear waves, electronic distribution in atoms, and diffusion of neutrons through simulation study.The book covers advanced topics such as symplectic integrators and random number generators for desired distributions and Monte Carlo techniques, which are usually overlooked in other numerical methods textbooks. Interesting updates on classical topics include: curve fitting to a sigmoid and Gaussian functions and product of certain two functions, solving of differential equations in the presence of noise, and solving the time-independent Schrödinger equation.Solutions are presented in the forms of tables and graphs to provide visual aid and encourage a deeper comprehension of the topic. The step-by-step computations presented for most of the problems can be verifiable using a scientific calculator and is therefore appropriate for classroom teaching. The readers of the book will benefit from acquiring an acquittance, knowledge, experience and realization of significance of the numerical methods covered, their applicability to physical and engineering problems and the advantages of applying numerical methods over theoretical methods for specific problems.
Nutrition and Metabolism of Dogs and Cats (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1446)
by Guoyao WuThis book provides new knowledge about the nutrition and metabolism, as well as the roles of nutrients in the immunity, health, and management of companion animals (dogs and cats). The domestic dog (facultative carnivore) and the domestic cat (obligate carnivore) have evolved differentially in their digestive tract, nutrition, metabolism, chemical sensing, and feeding behavior. These animals have been human companions for at least 12,000 and 9,000 years, respectively, and continue to contribute to the mental health and well-being of children, adolescents, and adults. Both dogs and cats have become increasingly popular in many countries and worldwide over the past decades. Comprehensive update about how the animals utilize dietary nutrients for optimum growth, development, and health is beneficial for their owners, as well as students and researchers. Chapter 4: Characteristics of Nutrition and Metabolism in Dogs and Cats is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Nutrition and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Interplay
by Senthilkumar Rajagopal Musthafa M Essa Saravanan Ramachandran Geethalakshmi Sundararaman Hanan Fahad AlharbiKey features – Covers emerging therapeutic and nutritional approaches for the treatment and management of OCD Reviews the role of various micro-nutrients in OCD Discusses the prenatal genetic diagnosis and application of computational modelling in OCD Includes the nutritional and dietary roles in neuropsychiatric disorders like depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Explores the application of nano-biotechnology in OCD
Nutritional Science and Technology: Concept to Application (Bioprocessing in Food Science)
by Tejpal Dhewa Anil Kumar Puniya Anil PanghalNUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Food science is a rapidly changing and complicated subject. This new series addresses the current state-of-the-art concepts and technologies associated with the industry and will cover new ideas and emerging novel technologies and processes. The book Nutritional Science and Technology: Concept to Application in the series, “Bioprocessing in Food Science,” is an excellent resource for any scientist, engineer, student, or other industry professional interested in this topic. It covers a wide range of topics, including human nutrition, technological processes, the health benefits of fermented foods, and food safety concerns. The content contributors and editors are experts in the field, and their primary goal is to provide extensive knowledge about recent technologies in nutritional science and technology to students, researchers, and industry professionals. Manufacturers are looking for new possibilities to occupy a growing share of the rapidly changing food market, and this book will enable them to make informed decisions about adopting appropriate processing technology, implementation, economics, and constraints of different technologies. The book also provides insights on advances in nutritional science and technology for healthy and safe nutrition, with maximum illustrations of how to ensure public health safety and adequate nutrition. Overall, this book is a comprehensive overview of this study area and a valuable resource for anyone interested in this field.
Oceaning: Governing Marine Life with Drones (Elements)
by Adam FishDrones are revolutionizing ocean conservation. By flying closer and seeing more, drones enhance intimate contact between ocean scientists and activists and marine life. In the process, new dependencies between nature, technology, and humans emerge, and a paradox becomes apparent: Can we have a wild ocean whose survival is reliant upon technology? In Oceaning, Adam Fish answers this question through eight stories of piloting drones to stop the killing of porpoises, sharks, and seabirds and to check the vitality of whales, seals, turtles, and coral reefs. Drone conservation is not the end of nature. Instead, drone conservation results in an ocean whose flourishing both depends upon and escapes the control of technologies. Faulty technology, oceanic and atmospheric turbulence, political corruption, and the inadequacies of basic science serve to foil governance over nature. Fish contends that what emerges is an ocean/culture—a flourishing ocean that is distinct from but exists alongside humanity.
Oceanographic Processes of Coral Reefs: Physical and Biological Links in the Great Barrier Reef
by Eric Wolanski Michael J. KingsfordIn the last two decades since publication of the first edition, substantial advancements have been made in the science, the need for transdisciplinary approaches to coral reef protection greater than ever before. This new edition, now in full color throughout with accompanying animations, goes beyond identifying foundational information and current problems to pinpoint science-based solutions for managers, stakeholders and policy makers. Coral reefs are connected by currents that carry plankton and the larvae of many reef-based organisms. Further, they supply food to reefs. Currents also bring pollutants from the land and, together with the atmosphere, affect the surrounding ocean. The chapters in this book provide a much-needed review of the biophysics of reefs with an emphasis on the Great Barrier Reef as an ecosystem. The focus is on interactions between currents, waves, sediment and the dynamics of coastal and reef-based ecosystems. The topographic complexity of reefs redirects mainstream currents, creates tidal eddies, mushroom jets, boundary layers, stagnation zones, and this turbulence is enhanced by the oceanographic chaos in the adjoining Coral Sea. This is the environment in which particles and organisms, of a range of sizes live, from tiny plankton to megafauna. This generates faunal connectivity at scales of meters to thousands of km within the Great Barrier Reef and with the adjoining ocean. Pollution from land-use is increasing and remedial measures are described both on land and on coral cays. The impact of climate change is quantified in case studies about mangroves and corals. Modelling this biophysical complexity is increasing in sophistication, and the authors suggest how the field can advance further.
Oceanography and Marine Biology: An annual review. Volume 61 (Oceanography and Marine Biology - An Annual Review #61)
by S. J. Hawkins P. A. Todd B. D. Russell A. J. Lemasson A. L. Allcock M. Byrne L. B. Firth C. H. Lucas E. M. Marzinelli P. J. Mumby J. Sharples I. P. Smith S. E. SwearerOceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited sources in marine science. The increasing interest in work in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues, especially global climate change and its impacts, creates a demand for authoritative refereed reviews summarising and synthesising the results of both historical and recent research. For more than 50 years, OMBAR has been an essential reference for researchers, students and workers in all fields of marine science. An international Editorial Board ensures global relevance and expert peer review, with editors from Australia, Hong Kong, Ireland, Singapore, and the UK. The series of volumes can be found in the libraries of institutes and universities worldwide. Five of the seven peer-reviewed contributions in Volume 61 are available to read Open Access via this webpage and on OAPEN. Supplementary material is provided online on the Support Materials tab on the book’s www.routledge.com webpage for Reviews 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6.. Volume 61 features a review of 100 years of daily sea surface temperature from the Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, California; an exploration of the biology and life cycle of enigmatic crustacean y-larvae; a review of the science, policy and management of the Central and South Atlantic Deep Sea benthos; a review of the biodiversity of the Irish-Scottish continental margin; an investigation of how new molecular tools can be used for marine biodiversity and ecosystem assessments, and a look at the resilience of marine organisms to climate change. A final monograph considers enemy shells as refugia from grazing and competition pressure. If you are interested in submitting a review for consideration for publication in OMBAR, please email the new co-Editors in Chief, Dr Peter Todd (dbspat@nus.edu.sg) and Dr Bayden Russell (brussell@hku.hk). Guidelines for contributors to OMBAR, including information on illustration requirements, can be downloaded on the "Support Material" tab on the latest volume’s webpage.
The Odd Quantum (Princeton Science Library #141)
by Sam TreimanAn acclaimed physicist’s accessible yet rigorous introduction to quantum mechanics for nonspecialistsThis is a rare and much-needed book: a concise but comprehensive account of quantum mechanics for popular science readers written by a respected physicist. Sam Treiman—who was internationally renowned for his work in particle physics—makes quantum mechanics accessible to nonspecialists. Combining mastery of the material with clear, elegant prose and infectious enthusiasm, he conveys the substance, methods, and profound oddities of the field.Treiman begins with an overview of quantum mechanics. He sketches the early development of the field by Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg, Schrödinger, and others, and he makes clear how the quantum outlook flies in the face of common sense. As he explains, the quantum world is intrinsically probabilistic. For example, a particle is not in general in some particular place at a given instant, nor does it have a definite momentum. According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, there is a limit to how well both location and momentum can be specified simultaneously. In addition, particles can move through barriers and otherwise move in regions of space that are forbidden by classical mechanics. If a particle has a choice of different paths, it pursues all of them at once. Particles display wave-like characteristics and waves show particle-like characteristics. Treiman pays special attention to the more fundamental wave outlook and its expression in quantum field theory. He deals here with the remarkable fact that all the particles of a given species are strictly identical, and with the unnerving fact that particles can be created and destroyed. As Treiman introduces us to these and other wonders, he also touches—without resolution—on some of the deep philosophical problems of quantum mechanics, notably how probabilities become facts.Weaving together impeccable science, engaging writing, and a talent for clear explanation honed over Treiman's distinguished career as a physicist and teacher, The Odd Quantum is a remarkable survey of a field that changed the course of modern scientific and philosophical thought.
Odontodes: The Developmental and Evolutionary Building Blocks of Dentitions (Evolutionary Cell Biology)
by Donglei ChenThe odontode system, which encompasses teeth and other dentine-based structures, is ancient. Odontodes are present in the oldest vertebrate fossils, dating back 500 million years, and still play an important role in the anatomy and function of living jawed vertebrates. Fossils preserve odontode tissues with remarkable nanoscale fidelity, allowing the evolution and diversification of the odontode system to be studied in deep time as well as across the diversity of living vertebrates. This synthetic volume presents an overview of odontode research by internationally leading researchers from different fields of biology.. Key Features Summarizes classic and cutting-edge research devoted to the development and evolution Focuses on the cellular aspects of odontogenesis Documents the structural and functional diversity of odontode tissues Describes the patterning mechanisms of dentitions in various vertebrate groups Provides a thorough index for students
Of Human Born: Fetal Lives, 1800–1950
by Caroline ArniA new history of the concept of fetal life in the human sciencesAt a time when the becoming of a human being in a woman&’s body has, once again, become a fraught issue—from abortion debates and surrogacy controversies to prenatal diagnoses and assessments of fetal risk—Of Human Born presents the largely unknown history of how the human sciences came to imagine the unborn in terms of &“life before birth.&”Caroline Arni shows how these sciences created the concept of &“fetal life&” by way of experimenting on animals, pregnant women, and newborns; how they worried about the influence of the expectant mother&’s living conditions; and how they lingered on the question of the beginnings of human subjectivity. Such were the concerns of physiologists, pediatricians, psychologists, and psychoanalysts as they advanced the novel discipline of embryology while, at the same time, grappling with age-old questions about the coming-into-being of a human person. Of Human Born thus draws attention to the fundamental way in which modern approaches to the unborn have been intertwined with the configuration of &“the human&” in the age of scientific empiricism.Arni revises the narrative that the &“modern embryo&” is quintessentially an embryo disembedded from the pregnant woman&’s body. On the contrary, she argues that the concept of fetal life cannot be separated from its dependency on the maternal organism, countering the rhetorical discourses that have fueled the recent rollback of abortion rights in the United States.
Offshore Wind Energy: Environmental Conditions and Dynamics of Fixed and Floating Turbines
by null Finn Gunnar NielsenMany countries have plans to expand wind energy to meet CO2 emissions targets. Lack of available land area and the need for good and stable wind conditions have stimulated the development of offshore wind turbines, which allows for the development of larger turbines. The offshore environment, however, involves new challenges related to the design, installation, operation and maintenance of the turbines. Based on a graduate-level course taught by the author, this book focuses on the opportunities and challenges related to offshore wind turbines. It introduces the offshore environment, including wind and wave dynamics, before discussing the aerodynamics of wind turbines, hydrodynamic loading, marine operations, and wind farm layout. Featuring examples that demonstrate practical application of the topics covered and exercises to consolidate student understanding, this is an indispensable reference text for advanced students and researchers of environmental science and engineering and for industry professionals working in the wind energy sector.
Oilseed Meal as a Sustainable Contributor to Plant-Based Protein: Paving the Way Towards Circular Economy and Nutritional Security
by Manoj Kumar Sneh Punia Bangar Parmjit S. PanesarProtein is one of the most important ingredients of the human diet and is considered crucial for the growth development of all age groups. Studies have set the recommended dietary allowance of protein as 0.8 g/kg body weight per day for healthy adults. The world population is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050 and it will be a significant challenge for the scientific community to overcome the growing demand for protein. The results of global warming, from shifting climactic conditions to unpredictable rainfalls, have further complicated the situation. The search for alternative protein sources that can be both sustainable and renewable is one of the major challenges in the face of potential mass protein malnutrition. Oilseed crops such as soybean, mustard, oil palm, peanuts, cottonseed, flax seed, coconut, canola and sesame are mainly cultivated for the extraction of cooking oil and are underutilized as sources of protein. Oilseed meals contain as much as 50% protein but remain under-valued since they are traditionally utilized as fertilizer or as feed for livestock animals. Numerous recent studies show that oilseed meal sources can be utilized as a sustainable and renewable source of protein and could play a major role in alleviating the global problem of protein malnutrition. Oilseed Meal as Sustainable Contributor to Plant-Based Protein explores oilseed crops that can contribute towards the regular supply of protein in an increasing population and changing climate. Each chapter focuses on a specific oilseed crop including comprehensive coverage of the processing and extraction specifics for each crop plus their amino acid profiles and other functional properties. The application of oilseed proteins for production of bioactive peptides and preparation of value-added products is also covered. This text is useful for food scientists and researchers seeking an updated single source for coverage on all the most important oilseed crops andtheir potential roles in combating protein shortages in a growing world population.
On Giving Up
by Adam PhillipsFrom acclaimed psychoanalyst Adam Phillips, a meditation on what we must give up to feel more alive.To give up or not to give up?The question can feel inescapable but the answer is never simple.Giving up our supposed vices is one thing; giving up on life itself is quite another. One form of self-sacrifice feels positive, something to admire and aspire to, while the other is profoundly unsettling, if not actively undesirable.There are always, it turns out, both good and bad sacrifices, but it is not always clear beforehand which is which. We give something up because we believe we can no longer go on as we are. In this sense, giving up is a critical moment—an attempt to make a different future.In On Giving Up, the acclaimed psychoanalyst Adam Phillips illuminates both the gaps and the connections between the many ways of giving up and helps us to address the central question: What must we give up in order to feel more alive?
On Sex and Gender: A Commonsense Approach
by Doriane Lambelet ColemanAn eye-opening account of what the left and right get wrong about sex and gender—and how we can be a thoughtful, sex-smart society.On Sex and Gender focuses on three sequential and consequential questions: What is sex as opposed to gender? How does sex matter in our everyday lives? And how should it be reflected in law and policy? All three have been front-and-center in American life and politics since the rise of the trans rights movement: They are included in both major parties&’ political platforms. They are the subject of ongoing litigation in the federal courts and of highly contentious legislation on Capitol Hill. And they are a pivotal issue in the culture wars between left and right playing out around dinner tables, on campuses and school boards, on op-ed pages, and in corporate handbooks. Doriane Coleman challenges both sides to chart a better way. In a book that is equal parts scientific explanation, historical examination, and personal reflection, she argues that denying biological sex and focusing only on gender would have detrimental effects on women&’s equal opportunity, on men&’s future prospects, and on the health and welfare of society. Structural sexism needed to be dismantled—a true achievement of feminism and an ongoing fight—but going forward we should be sex smart, not sex blind. This book is a clear guide for reasonable Americans on sex and gender—something everyone wants to understand but is terrified to discuss. Coleman shows that the science is settled, but equally that there is a middle ground where common sense reigns and we can support transgender people without denying the facts of human biology. She livens her narrative with a sequence of portraits of exceptional human beings from legal pioneers like Myra Bradwell and Ketanji Brown Jackson to champion athletes like Caster Semenya and Cate Campbell to civil rights giants like Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Pauli Murray. Above all, Coleman reminds us that sex not only exists, but is also good—and she shows how we can get both sex and gender right for society.
On the Emergence of Time and Space in Closed Quantum Systems (Springer Theses)
by Tommaso FavalliTime, space and entanglement are the main characters in this book. Their nature is still a great mystery in physics and we study here the possibility that these three phenomena are closely connected, showing how entanglement can be at the basis of the emergence of time and space within closed quantum systems. We revisit and extend the Page and Wootters theory that was originally introduced in order to describe the emergence of time through entanglement between subsystems in a globally static, quantum Universe. In the book, after providing a complete review of the salient aspects of the theory, we establish a connection with recent research on the foundations of statistical mechanics and we provide a new understanding of the thermalization process. Furthermore, we generalize the framework in order describe the spatial degree of freedom and we provide a model of 3+1 dimensional, quantum spacetime emerging from entanglement among different subsystems in a globally "timeless" and "positionless" Universe. Finally, via the Page and Wootters theory, the evolution of quantum clocks within a gravitational field is treated and a time dilation effect is obtained in agreement with the Schwarzschild solution.
On the Origin of Species (Foundations)
by Charles DarwinDarwin's masterpiece helped shaped the cultural landscape of the world today. Now in a digestible, pocket format for the modern reader.Initially received with muted applause, Darwin's The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection was soon recognized as the breakthrough scientific advance that explained the evidence of the world around us, the place and history of humans, the connections between environment and evolution. Still regarded by some as radical, Darwin's contribution to world knowledge is immeasurable. This new, popular edition has been edited and abridged for the modern reader, to introduce Darwin's research in a digestible form.The FLAME TREE Foundations series features core publications which together have shaped the cultural landscape of the modern world, with cutting-edge research distilled into pocket guides designed to be both accessible and informative.
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (Foundations)
by Copernicus Professor Marika TaylorControversial at the time, Copernicus's discoveries led to the scientific revolution, and a greater understanding of our place in the universe.An accessible, abridged edition with a new introduction. Renaissance Natural philosopher Nicolaus Copernicus's pioneering discovery of the heliocentric nature of the solar system is one of the few identifiable moments in history that define the understanding of the nature of all things. His great work was the consequence of long observation and resulted in the first stage of the Scientific Revolution by correctly positing that the earth and other planets of the solar system revolved around the sun. Not only did this promote further study to understand the place of humanity in the world and the universe, it questioned the authority of the organised Christian Church in the West to be the keeper of fundamental truths. Ultimately this would lead to the Enlightenment, and the separation of religion, government and science.The FLAME TREE Foundations series features core publications which together have shaped the cultural landscape of the modern world, with cutting-edge research distilled into pocket guides designed to be both accessible and informative.
On the Wave Nature of Matter: A New Approach to Reconciling Quantum Mechanics and Relativity
by Donald C. ChangThis book presents a new approach to understanding the foundation of quantum physics through the "quantum wave model" hypothesis. It addresses some of the key challenges in the current quantum theory, including the conflict between quantum mechanics and relativity, and offers a comprehensive solution to many of the existing mysteries in the field. By proposing that the vacuum is a dielectric medium and quantum particles are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum, the book provides a clear physical interpretation of wave-particle duality and explains the physical basis of energy, momentum, and mass.With topics ranging from the physical foundation of quantum mechanics to the derivation of the quantum wave equations and the resolution of the conflict between quantum physics and relativity, this book offers a comprehensive overview of the most pressing issues in the field. Written at a level accessible to undergraduate students and senior researcher scientists alike,this book offers a valuable resource for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of quantum mechanics and its fundamental role in shaping our understanding of the physical world.