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The Water Defenders: How Ordinary People Saved a Country from Corporate Greed
by Robin Broad John CavanaghThe David and Goliath story of ordinary people in El Salvador who rallied together with international allies to prevent a global mining corporation from poisoning the country's main water sourceAt a time when countless communities are resisting powerful corporations--from Flint, Michigan, to the Standing Rock Reservation, to Didipio in the Philippines, to the Gualcarque River in Honduras--The Water Defenders tells the inspirational story of a community that took on an international mining corporation at seemingly insurmountable odds and won not one but two historic victories.In the early 2000s, many people in El Salvador were at first excited by the prospect of jobs, progress, and prosperity that the Pacific Rim mining company promised. However, farmer Vidalina Morales, brothers Marcelo and Miguel Rivera, and others soon discovered that the river system supplying water to the majority of Salvadorans was in danger of catastrophic contamination. With a group of unlikely allies, local and global, they committed to stop the corporation and the destruction of their home.Based on over a decade of research and their own role as international allies of the community groups in El Salvador, Robin Broad and John Cavanagh unspool this untold story--a tale replete with corporate greed, a transnational lawsuit at a secretive World Bank tribunal in Washington, violent threats, murders, and--surprisingly--victory. The husband-and-wife duo immerses the reader in the lives of the Salvadoran villagers, the journeys of the local activists who sought the truth about the effects of gold mining on the environment, and the behind-the-scenes maneuverings of the corporate mining executives and their lawyers. The Water Defenders demands that we examine our assumptions about progress and prosperity, while providing valuable lessons for those fighting against destructive corporations in the United States and across the world.
Global Backlash: Citizen Initiatives for a Just World Economy
by Robin BroadBook aims to get inside the backlash to some of its visions, proposals, and debates. Introduces readers to different parts of the movement by presenting what they are trying to do to change the way the world economy works.
Unequal Alliance: The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Philippines
by Robin BroadIn this seminal work, U. S. development specialist Robin Broad chronicles the Philippine experiment with the structural adjustment model of development espoused by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
Britain, the Division of Western Europe and the Creation of EFTA, 1955–1963 (Security, Conflict and Cooperation in the Contemporary World)
by Matthew Broad Richard T. GriffithsThis book traces the emergence of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) from 1955 to 1963 amid the broader reshaping of the institutional architecture of post-war Europe. It considers the ill-fated Free Trade Area (FTA) proposal, the subsequent creation of EFTA, and the resulting division of Western Europe into two distinct trading blocs. At its core, the book provides an international history of a formative moment of post-war and European integration history, and explores the intense technical discussions among European states as they grappled with the prospect of deeper economic and political unity. It thus provides the first detailed analysis combining the FTA and EFTA negotiations, considering both state and non-state actors. Drawing on archives from Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Norway, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and the US, as well as the records of the OEEC and EFTA, it examines the decision-making processes of those intimately involved as well as the institutional settings within which they were forced to reconcile their positions. At a key moment of contemporary European friction, the book offers a dialogue between the past and those trying to make sense of events that continue to shape Europe today.
The Art of Being Unreasonable: Lessons in Unconventional Thinking
by Eli BroadUnorthodox success principles from a billionaire entrepreneur and philanthropist Eli Broad's embrace of "unreasonable thinking" has helped him build two Fortune 500 companies, amass personal billions, and use his wealth to create a new approach to philanthropy. He has helped to fund scientific research institutes, K-12 education reform, and some of the world's greatest contemporary art museums. By contrast, "reasonable" people come up with all the reasons something new and different can't be done, because, after all, no one else has done it that way. This book shares the "unreasonable" principles—from negotiating to risk-taking, from investing to hiring—that have made Eli Broad such a success. Broad helped to create the Frank Gehry-designed Walt Disney Concert Hall, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Broad Contemporary Art Museum at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and The Broad, a new museum being built in downtown Los Angeles His investing approach to philanthropy has led to the creation of scientific and medical research centers in the fields of genomic medicine and stem cell research At his alma mater, Michigan State University, he endowed a full-time M.B.A. program, and he and his wife have funded a new contemporary art museum on campus to serve the broader region Eli Broad is the founder of two Fortune 500 companies: KB Home and SunAmerica If you're stuck doing what reasonable people do—and not getting anywhere—let Eli Broad show you how to be unreasonable, and see how far your next endeavor can go.
32nd Scientific-Expert Conference of Agriculture and Food Industry: Local Food Production Systems in the Era of Global Challenges (Lecture Notes in Bioengineering)
by Muhamed Brka Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin Jasmin Grahić Samir Muhamedagić Alen Mujčinović Almir Toroman Vedad FalanThis book gathers the proceedings of the 32nd Scientific-Experts Conference of Agriculture and Food Industry, held on December 1-2, 2022, in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It reports on the application of molecular, nano- and engineering technologies for food sciences, and plant and animal production. It discusses important agricultural economics and social and environmental issues, proposings some answers to current and future challenges. The chapters reflect the special focus of this conference edition, which was on discussing strategies for developing a more resilient and sustainable agrifood systems. Offering a timely snapshot of cutting-edge and multidisciplinary research and methods, this book addresses researchers, professionals, and stakeholders in the broad field of agriculture and food sciences, biotechnology, and bio- and nanoengineering.
Charles De Gaulle and the Media: Leadership, TV and the Birth of the Fifth Republic (French Politics, Society and Culture)
by Riccardo BrizziThis book explores Charles De Gaulle's use and strict control of television between 1958 and 1969, highlighting the association between charismatic power and television with regards to legitimizing the Gaullist leadership and determining an evolution towards presidentialism during the Fifth Republic. A protagonist of European political history of the twentieth century, Charles de Gaulle was a pioneer in the use of mass media: in the Second World War he had earned the nickname of G#65533;n#65533;ral-micro due to his reliance on radio communication; in 1958 he then started an substantive and fruitful use of television, which some of his opponents labelled as 'telecracy'. From difficult beginnings, where he followed the advice of publicity and communication experts, through his masterful TV appearances during the dramatic moments of the Algerian War, to the presidential campaign of 1965 and the crisis of May 1968, the author paints a compelling fresco of de Gaulle as the first TV leader in contemporary European history. The book will appeal to students and scholars interested in the fields of French politics, political communication and political leadership.
YouthNation: Building Remarkable Brands in a Youth-Driven Culture
by Matt BrittonYouth is no longer an age—it's a commodity YouthNation is an indispensable brand roadmap to the youth-driven economy. Exploring the idea that youth is no longer an age—it's a commodity that's available to everyone—this book shows what it takes to stay connected, agile, authentic, and relevant in today's marketplace. Readers will learn the ins and outs of the new consumer, and the tools, methods, and techniques that ensure brand survival in the age of perpetual youth. Coverage includes marketing in a post-demographic world, crafting the story of the brand, building engaged communities, creating experiences that inspire loyalty and evangelism, and the cutting-edge tricks that help businesses large and small harness the enormous power of youth. The old marketing models are over, and the status quo is dead. Businesses today have to embody the ideals of youth culture in order to succeed, by tapping the new and rapidly evolving resources n business and in life. When everything is changing at the pace of a teenager's attention span, how do businesses future-fit for long-term success? This book provides a plan, and the thoughts, strategies, and brass tacks advice for putting it into action. Use New-Gen psychographics to target markets Build stronger evangelism with a compelling brand narrative Create loyal communities with immersive and engaging experiences Navigate the radically-changed landscape of the future marketplace In today's hyper-socialized, Facebook fanatic, selfie-obsessed world, youth is the primary driver of business and culture. Smart companies are looking to tap into the fountain of youth, and the others are sinking fast. YouthNation is a roadmap to brand relevancy in the new economy, giving businesses turn-by-turn direction to their market destination.
From One to Many
by Jennifer J. Britton"Jennifer Britton has penned another winner! With From One to Many, Jennifer not only gives us a bird's-eye-view perspective, but she also delves into the details we need to be successful as group and team coaches. I'm eager to incorporate this new material--not only into my course curriculum--but also into my own group coaching programs."--Jory H. Fisher, JD, www.JoryFisher.com"This remarkable resource gives coaches the necessary tools to expand their effectiveness and offer a group experience of connection and collaboration, providing an exceptional experience for many."--Sandy Miller, MA, CPCC, ACC, www.revolutionizingdivorce.com"From One to Many is a must-read for coaches, whether experienced or new to group and team coaching. Jennifer combines extensive research, personal and peer experiences, practical applications, and a comprehensive set of tools and resources to deliver another excellent book for professional coaches." --Janice LaVore-Fletcher, MMC, BCC, President, Christian Coach InstitutePractical tips, tools, and insight on successful team and group coaching engagementsAs professional development budgets at many organizations remain flat or even shrink due to financial pressures, coaches and human resources leaders are looking for new ways to do more with less funding. Team coaching--which may span intact teams, project teams and virtual teams--and group coaching--spanning both organizational and public contexts--offer a solution to this developmental puzzle. Unfortunately, there are few practical resources available that address the best practices for team and group coaching. From One to Many fills that gap for coaches, leaders, and human resources professionals. The book explains how to integrate the practice into an organization and how to maximize it to full effect.One of the only books on the market that explores in-depth the related topics of team and group coachingWritten by the founder of a performance improvement consultancy who is also a popular speaker on the subjectFeatures new content specifically for practitioners in coaching, human resources, performance improvement and related fields
Effective Group Coaching
by Britton Jennifer J.Group coaching is rapidly becoming the preferred coaching option for businesses and individuals. Effective Group Coaching is a practical, resource rich, hands-on guide for the group coaching facilitator in one of the fastest growing new disciplines. Organizations, community groups and individuals are discovering that group coaching is an exciting and sustainable model and process for learning and growth. Written for internal and external coaches, HR professionals, trainers and facilitators wanting to expand their work into this area, this book provides tested methodologies and tools and tips. Both new and seasoned coaches will find the book a practical roadmap and go-to guide when designing, implementing and marketing their own group coaching programs. Case studies highlight how group coaching programs are being delivered globally through corporate and public prgrams, virtually and in person. Also, the author's dedicated web site offers resources and articles available for downloading.
Co-design and Social Innovation: Connections, Tensions and Opportunities (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)
by Garth BrittonAlthough co-design has been practised in new service and product development for some years, it has only recently begun to appear in the burgeoning field of social innovation. It appears to be well-attuned to this new context, offering as it does an open-ended relational process to generate novel solutions to problems whose very definition seems to escape more conventional approaches. However, even less research attention has been paid to co-design than to social innovation. This book explores the potential of co-design as a social innovation process. It reviews the diverse theoretical and disciplinary foundations on which co-design is based. It proposes a framework for understanding co-design as a cohesive practice across the extremely broad scope of its potential applications. It explores appropriate approaches to governance and evaluation of co-design initiatives and outlines the key issues and limitations on its use. Although it is intended to provide a robust theoretical basis for researching co-design initiatives, it will also be of interest to anyone who is contemplating putting co-design into practice.
Working In The Music Industry: How To Find An Exciting And Varied Career In The World Of Music
by Anna BrittenThe music industry is one of the most exciting, glamorous and fun places you could ever work in. It's also a fiercely competitive world, both for jobseekers and those already on the inside. But opportunities arise constantly, and are within the grasp of almost anyone with a true passion for music and a hard-working attitude. This book aims to help you take your first step into what will hopefully be a long and satisfying career in an endlessly fascinating world. Each chapter covers a field of work within the music industry - from record companies to recording studios to roadies - and is crammed with honest, realistic, practical and helpful advice. Insider secrets and individual case studies throw even more light on the subject.Contents: Acknowledgements; Foreword by Alan McGee; Preface; 1. An overview of the Music Industry; 2. Getting a Job; 3. Record Companies; 4. Music Publishing; 5. Music PR and Plugging; 6. Artist Managers; 7. Live Music: Booking Agents, Concert Promoters, Tour Managers and Roadies; 8. Music Journalism; 9. Recording Studios: Record Producers, Sound Engineers and Studio Managers; 10. Music Retail; Glossary; Useful Addresses; Further Reading; Index.
Working In The Music Industry: How To Find An Exciting And Varied Career In The World Of Music
by Anna BrittenThe music industry is one of the most exciting, glamorous and fun places you could ever work in. It's also a fiercely competitive world, both for jobseekers and those already on the inside. But opportunities arise constantly, and are within the grasp of almost anyone with a true passion for music and a hard-working attitude. This book aims to help you take your first step into what will hopefully be a long and satisfying career in an endlessly fascinating world. Each chapter covers a field of work within the music industry - from record companies to recording studios to roadies - and is crammed with honest, realistic, practical and helpful advice. Insider secrets and individual case studies throw even more light on the subject.Contents: Acknowledgements; Foreword by Alan McGee; Preface; 1. An overview of the Music Industry; 2. Getting a Job; 3. Record Companies; 4. Music Publishing; 5. Music PR and Plugging; 6. Artist Managers; 7. Live Music: Booking Agents, Concert Promoters, Tour Managers and Roadies; 8. Music Journalism; 9. Recording Studios: Record Producers, Sound Engineers and Studio Managers; 10. Music Retail; Glossary; Useful Addresses; Further Reading; Index.
Enemy Combatant
by Victoria Brittain Moazzam BeggWhen Enemy Combatant was first published in the United States in hardcover in 2006 it garnered sensational reviews, and its author was featured in the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, on National Public Radio, and on ABC News. A second generation British Muslim, Begg had been held by the U.S. military for more than three years before being released without charge in January of 2005. His memoir is the first published account by a Guantánamo detainee of life inside the infamous prison.Writing in the Washington Post Book World, Jane Mayer described Enemy Combatant as "fascinating . . . Begg provides some ideological counterweight to the one-sided spin coming from the U.S. government. He writes passionately and personally, stripping readers of the comforting lie that somehow the detainees aren't really like us, with emotional attachments, intellectual interests and fully developed humanity."Recommended by the Financial Times and Tikkun magazine and a ColorLines Editors' Pick of Post-9/11 Books, Enemy Combatant is "a forcefully told, up-to-the-minute political story . . . necessary reading for people on all sides of the issue" (Publishers Weekly, starred review).
Student Financial Literacy
by Sonya L. Britt Dorothy B. DurbandCollege students are particularly vulnerable to making poor financial decisions. One method of addressing personal finances and financial stress among students of higher education is through university based financial education programs. Student Financial Literacy: Program Development presents effective strategies to assist in the implementation or the enhancement of a program as a tool to improve students' educational experience and financial well-being. It presents the key components of financial education programs designed to address the growing concerns associated with high levels of debt and low levels of financial literacy among college students.
Conceiving Normalcy
by Elizabeth C. BrittThrough the processes of normalization, "fertile" and "infertile" become cultural categories that frame our understanding of families, parenting, gender roles, and more
Experiments in Reflection: How to See the Present, Reconsider the Past, and Shape the Future (Stanford d.school Library)
by Leticia Britos Cavagnaro Stanford d.schoolNotice what matters, sharpen your intuition, and grow personally and professionally by honing your skills of reflection in this illustrated guide from Stanford University's d.school.While we often think of reflection as a way to consider what is or was, it can also be a powerful tool for imagining and shaping what could be. Through activities based on the science, art, and practice of reflection, this book guides you through simple experiments that teach you how to make meaning from your experiences and, as a result, support your goals and values. Stanford professor Leticia Britos Cavagnaro sets up each experiment with a stated hypothesis, a simple method, and direction for gauging your results. With each experiment, you&’ll build concrete skills and learn how to shift your mindsets as you strengthen your ability to reflect with purpose. With thought-provoking collage-style illustrations from artist Gabriela Sánchez, Experiments in Reflection helps you tune into your environment, train your intuition, and shape the future you want.
Participation Marketing: Unleashing Employees to Participate and Become Brand Storytellers
by Michael BritoTrust is an invaluable commodity in any business environment. Organizations benefit from being viewed as transparent, open and human, and one of the best ways of achieving this is through authentic employee advocacy. Participation Marketing takes a detailed look at the benefits that arise when employees are fully subscribed to a brand's ethos, and how this can be used to magnify a brand's voice. After all, it's likely that every individual employee of a company now has several hundred unique social media connections, if not more. So by engaging staff and encouraging them to participate in company activity and share via their own channels, they will be broadcasting trusted brand experiences to entirely new groups of consumers. Employee advocacy has always been worth investing in, but as the combination of constant connectedness and conversation becomes standard in our everyday lives, so too grows the importance of leveraging it. Participation Marketing will convince business leaders to think hard about employee advocacy as a channel that has many positive business outcomes. Internally, it will engage employees and make them feel part of something bigger, which will naturally result in employee satisfaction, retention and an increase in productivity. Externally, it will help brands reach new audiences with trusted and relevant stories.
How Creativity Rules the World: The Art and Business of Turning Your Ideas into Gold
by Maria BritoLearn to make creativity work for your career.Anyone, regardless of who you are or what you do, can cultivate the habits, actions, and attitudes that inspire creativity and foster innovation.Creativity is the key to innovation in any business. How Creativity Rules the World shows that, despite contrary beliefs, creativity is an inexhaustible resource that can be learned by anyone.This timeless guide promises to make the creative process of billion-dollar entrepreneurs and successful seven-figure artists accessible and actionable for you. With revealing studies and stories spanning business and art, this book is a deep dive into history, culture, psychology, science, and entrepreneurship; analyzing the elements used by some of the most creative minds throughout the last 600 years.In How Creativity Rules the World, you will learn how to:Overcome limiting thoughts and dispel myths about creativity.Understand creativity through concrete data, historical passages, and examples of modern entrepreneurship.Develop timeless habits, principles, and tools that worked six centuries ago and continue to work today.Employ creativity in an everyday context to produce extraordinary results.Contemporary art curator and writer of the popular newsletter, The Groove, Maria Brito discovered the power of creativity when she transitioned from being an unhappy Harvard-trained corporate lawyer to a thriving entrepreneur and innovator in the art world. After applying the principles in How Creativity Rules the World to her own business, Maria started teaching struggling professionals, ranging from entrepreneurs to artists to CEOs. Proven by her students&’ creative successes, Maria will guide you to strike gold with your ideas as well.There has never been a more crucial time than now to develop your creativity and your ability to innovate. Coming up with original ideas of value is today&’s most precious skill.
A Cultural History of Climate Change (Routledge Environmental Humanities)
by Tom Bristow Thomas H. FordCharting innovative directions in the environmental humanities, this book examines the cultural history of climate change under three broad headings: history, writing and politics. Climate change compels us to rethink many of our traditional means of historical understanding, and demands new ways of relating human knowledge, action and representations to the dimensions of geological and evolutionary time. To address these challenges, this book positions our present moment of climatic knowledge within much longer histories of climatic experience. Only in light of these histories, it argues, can we properly understand what climate means today across an array of discursive domains, from politics, literature and law to neighbourly conversation. Its chapters identify turning-points and experiments in the construction of climates and of atmospheres of sensation. They examine how contemporary ecological thought has repoliticised the representation of nature and detail vital aspects of the history and prehistory of our climatic modernity. This ground-breaking text will be of great interest to researchers and postgraduate students in environmental history, environmental governance, history of ideas and science, literature and eco-criticism, political theory, cultural theory, as well as all general readers interested in climate change.
Stop Mugging Grandma: The 'Generation Wars' and Why Boomer Blaming Won't Solve Anything
by Jennie BristowA decisive intervention in the "war" between generations, asking who stands to gain from conflict between baby boomers and millennials Millennials have been incited to regard their parents’ generation as entitled and selfish, and to blame the baby boomers of the Sixties for the cultural and economic problems of today. But is it true that young people have been victimized by their elders? In this book, Jennie Bristow looks at generational labels and the groups of people they apply to. Bristow argues that the prominence and popularity of terms like "baby boomer," "millennial," and "snowflake" in mainstream media operates as a smoke screen—directing attention away from important issues such as housing, education, pensions, and employment. Bristow systematically disputes the myths that surround the "generational war," exposing it to be nothing more than a tool by which the political and social elite can avoid public scrutiny. With her lively and engaging style, Bristow highlights the major issues and concerns surrounding the sociological blame game.
Critical Reflections on Regional Competitiveness: Theory, Policy, Practice (Routledge Studies in Human Geography)
by Gillian BristowSince the early 1990s, governments and development agencies have become increasingly preoccupied with the pursuit of regional competitiveness. However, there is considerable confusion around what exactly regional competitiveness means, how it might be achieved, whether and how it can be measured, and whether it is a meaningful and appropriate goal for regional economies. The central aim of this book is to provide a comprehensive and critical account of these debates with reference to theory, policy and practice, and thus to explore the meaning and value of the concept of regional competitiveness. The book is structured into three parts. Part one introduces the concept of regional competitiveness by tracing its origins and exploring its different meanings in regional economic development. This will critically engage with political economy approaches to understanding the nature and dominance of the competitiveness discourse. Part two interrogates the pursuit of regional competitiveness in policy and practice. This critically evaluates the degree to which the pursuit of competitiveness is encouraging convergence in policy agendas in regions through an examination of key determinants of policy sameness and difference, notably benchmarking and devolved governance. Part three explores the limitations to regional competitiveness and explores whether and how its predominance in the policy discourse might be challenged by alternative agendas such as sustainable development and wellbeing. This focuses on the developing qualitative character of regional development. This volume critically engages with the theory and policy of regional competitiveness, thus providing the first integrated critique of the concept for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as academics interested in regional development and policy. It will unpack the concept of regional competitiveness and explain its usefulness, limitations and policy appeal, as well as examining its sustainability in the light of evolving governance structures and the imperatives of broadening regional development agendas.
Alan Bristow, Helicopter Pioneer: The Autobiography
by Alan Bristow Patrick Malone&“You could be forgiven for taking Bristow&’s story as the invention of an action thriller writer . . . One of the best flying books you&’ll ever read.&” —Pilot Magazine Alan Bristow was a truly remarkable man. As a merchant navy officer cadet during the war, he survived two sinkings, played a part in the evacuation of Rangoon and was credited with shooting down two Stukas in North Africa. He joined the Fleet Air Arm and trained as one of the first British helicopter pilots, becoming the first man to land a helicopter on a battleship and Westland&’s first helicopter test pilot. He flew in France, Holland, Algeria, Senegal and elsewhere, narrowly escaping many helicopter crashes before winning the Croix de Guerre evacuating wounded French soldiers in Indochina. For four years he flew for Aristotle Onassis&’s pirate whaling fleet in Antarctica before joining Douglas Bader and providing support services to oil drillers in the Persian Gulf. Out of that grew Bristow Helicopters Ltd, the largest helicopter company in the world outside America. Bristow&’s circle included the great helicopter pioneers such as Igor Sikorsky and Stan Hiller, test pilots like Harold Penrose and Bill Waterton, Sheiks and Shahs and political leaders, business giants like Lord Cayzer and Freddie Laker, and the author James Clavell, a lifelong friend whose book Whirlwind was a fictionalized account of Bristow&’s overnight evacuation of his people and helicopters from revolutionary Iran. Bristow and precipitated the Westland Affair when he made a takeover bid which eventually led to the resignation of Michael Heseltine and Leon Brittain, and almost to the downfall of Margaret Thatcher.&“Has all the ingredients of a bestselling novel.&” —Firetrench
The Stock Exchange and Investment Analysis (Routledge Library Editions: Financial Markets #3)
by Richard J BristonOriginally published in 1973, Stock Exchange and Investment Analysis provides a detailed description of the London Stock Exchange and outlines both the principles and practice of finance, investment, and investment analysis. Split into four sections, the book provides critical analysis of the Stock Exchange and its functions, and the securities available to investors. It also addresses the latest developments in the field of investments and provides a detailed discussion on taxation and portfolio analysis. This book will be of interest to academics working in the field of finance and economics.
Knights of the Razor: Black Barbers in Slavery and Freedom
by Douglas W. Bristol Jr.Black barbers, reflected a freed slave who barbered in antebellum St. Louis, may have been the only men in their community who enjoyed, at all times, the privilege of free speech. The reason lay in their temporary—but absolute—power over a client. With a flick of the wrist, they could have slit the throats of the white men they shaved. In Knights of the Razor, Douglas Walter Bristol, Jr., explores this extraordinary relationship in the largely untold story of African American barbers, North and South, from the American Revolution to the First World War. In addition to establishing the modern-day barbershop, these barbers used their skilled trade to navigate the many pitfalls that racism created for ambitious black men. Successful barbers assumed leadership roles in their localities, helping to form a black middle class despite pervasive racial segregation. They advocated economic independence from whites and founded insurance companies that became some of the largest black-owned corporations.