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Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics: The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Processing
by John W. SchwieterHow does a human acquire, comprehend, produce and control multiple languages with just the power of one mind? What are the cognitive consequences of being a bilingual? These are just a few of the intriguing questions at the core of studying bilingualism from psycholinguistic and neurocognitive perspectives. Bringing together some of the world's leading experts in bilingualism, cognitive psychology and language acquisition, The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Processing explores these questions by presenting a clear overview of current theories and findings in bilingual processing. This comprehensive handbook is organized around overarching thematic areas including theories and methodologies, acquisition and development, comprehension and representation, production, control, and the cognitive consequences of bilingualism. The handbook serves as an informative overview for researchers interested in cognitive bilingualism and the logic of theoretical and experimental approaches to language science. It also functions as an instrumental source of readings for anyone interested in bilingual processing.
Language, Literacy, and Technology
by Richard KernFrom the origins of writing to today's computer-mediated communication, material technologies shape how we read and write, how we construe and share knowledge, and ultimately how we understand ourselves in relation to the world. However, communication technologies are themselves designed in particular social and cultural contexts and their use is adapted in creative ways by individuals. In this book, Richard Kern explores how technology matters to language and the ways in which we use it. Kern reveals how material, social and individual resources interact in the design of textual meaning, and how that interaction plays out across contexts of communication, different situations of technological mediation, and different moments in time. Showing how people have adapted visual forms to various media as well as to social needs, this study culminates in five fundamental principles to guide language and literacy education in a period of rapid technological and social change.
Ideas in Context: Italian Renaissance Humanism in the Mirror
by Patrick BakerThis important study takes a new approach to understanding Italian Renaissance humanism, based not on scholarly paradigms or philosophical concepts but on a neglected yet indispensable perspective: the humanists' understanding of themselves. Through a series of close textual studies, Patrick Baker excavates what humanists thought was important about humanism, how they viewed their own history, what goals they enunciated, what triumphs they celebrated - in short, he attempts to reconstruct humanist identity. What emerges is a small, coherent community dedicated primarily not to political ideology, a philosophy of man, an educational ethos, or moral improvement, but rather to the pursuit of classical Latin eloquence. Grasping the significance this stylistic ideal had for the humanists is essential to understanding both their sense of themselves and the importance they and others attached to their movement. For eloquence was no mere aesthetic affair but rather appeared to them as the guarantor of civilisation itself.
El español de los Estados Unidos
by Anna María Escobar Kim PotowskiHow long has Spanish been spoken in the US and how many people speak it today? Is Spanish being passed down through generations? What role does Spanish play in US Latino identity? Analysing and synthesising data from a wide variety of sources, Escobar and Potowski explore these questions and more in this up-to-date textbook for students of Spanish language, linguistics, bilingualism, sociolinguistics, culture, and history. • Over 150 exercises help students engage with the linguistic characteristics of Spanish, Spanish-dialect contact, bilingualism, and Spanish communities in the US • Exercises and examples refer students to external, online sources so they can experience Spanish through a range of media • Concepts are clearly defined with detailed examples for readers who may not have a background in linguistics • Misconceptions about Spanish varieties and Latino communities are addressed, ensuring readers will emerge with a clear understanding of how Latino communities vary linguistically and socioculturally. Linguistic concepts are clearly defined, and more complex concepts include detailed examples and exercises. Each chapter contains exercises which help readers to understand and reflect on new material. Chapter exercises direct readers to online resources so they can experience authentic examples.
The Indo-European Controversy
by Pereltsvaig, Asya and Lewis, Martin W. Asya Pereltsvaig Martin W. LewisOver the past decade, a group of prolific and innovative evolutionary biologists has sought to reinvent historical linguistics through the use of phylogenetic and phylogeographical analysis, treating cognates like genes and conceptualizing the spread of languages in terms of the diffusion of viruses. Using these techniques, researchers claim to have located the origin of the Indo-European language family in Neolithic Anatolia, challenging the near-consensus view that it emerged in the grasslands north of the Black Sea thousands of years later. But despite its widespread celebration in the global media, this new approach fails to withstand scrutiny. As languages do not evolve like biological species and do not spread like viruses, the model produces incoherent results, contradicted by the empirical record at every turn. This book asserts that the origin and spread of languages must be examined primarily through the time-tested techniques of linguistic analysis, rather than those of evolutionary biology.
Bilingualism in the Spanish-Speaking World
by Austin, Jennifer and Blume, María and Sánchez, Liliana Jennifer Austin María Blume Liliana SánchezBilingualism has given rise to significant changes in Spanish-speaking countries. In the US, the increasing importance of Spanish has engendered an English-only movement; in Peru, contact between Spanish and Quechua has brought about language change; and in Iberia, speakers of Basque, Galician and Catalan have made their languages a compulsory part of school curricula and local government. This book provides an introduction to bilingualism in the Spanish-speaking world, looking at topics such as language contact, bilingual societies, bilingualism in schools, code-switching, language transfer, the emergence of new varieties of Spanish, and language choice - and how all of these phenomena affect the linguistic and cognitive development of the speaker. Using examples and case studies drawn primarily from Spanish/English bilinguals in the US, Spanish/Quechua bilinguals in Peru and Spanish/Basque bilinguals in Spain, it provides diverse perspectives on the experience of being bilingual in distinct cultural, political and socioeconomic contexts.
The Cambridge Old English Reader
by Richard MarsdenThis reader remains the only major new reader of Old English prose and verse in the past forty years. The second edition is extensively revised throughout, with the addition of a new 'Beginning Old English' section for newcomers to the Old English language, along with a new extract from Beowulf. The fifty-seven individual texts include established favourites such as The Battle of Maldon and Wulfstan's Sermon of the Wolf, as well as others not otherwise readily available, such as an extract from Apollonius of Tyre. Modern English glosses for every prose-passage and poem are provided on the same page as the text, along with extensive notes. A succinct reference grammar is appended, along with guides to pronunciation and to grammatical terminology. A comprehensive glossary lists and analyses all the Old English words that occur in the book. Headnotes to each of the six text sections, and to every individual text, establish their literary and historical contexts, and illustrate the rich cultural variety of Anglo-Saxon England. This second edition is an accessible and scholarly introduction to Old English.
Bilingual Figurative Language Processing
by Roberto R. Heredia Anna B. CieślickaBilingual Figurative Language Processing is a timely book that provides a much-needed bilingual perspective to the broad field of figurative language. This is the first book of its kind to address how bilinguals acquire, store, and process figurative language, such as idiomatic expressions (e. g. , kick the bucket), metaphors (e. g. , lawyers are sharks), and irony, and how these tropes might interact in real time across the bilingual's two languages. This volume offers the reader and the bilingual student an overview of the major strands of research, both theoretical and empirical, currently being undertaken in this field of inquiry. At the same time, Bilingual Figurative Language Processing provides readers and undergraduate and graduate students with the opportunity to acquire hands-on experience in the development of psycholinguistic experiments in bilingual figurative language. Each chapter includes a section on suggested student research projects. Selected chapters provide detailed procedures on how to design and develop psycholinguistic experiments.
The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages
by Martin Maiden John Charles Smith Adam Ledgeway Martin Maiden John Charles SmithWhat is the origin of the Romance languages and how did they evolve? When and how did they become different from Latin, and from each other? Volume 2 of The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages offers fresh and original reflections on the principal questions and issues in the comparative external histories of the Romance languages. It is organised around the two key themes of influences and institutions, exploring the fundamental influence, of contact with and borrowing from, other languages (including Latin), and the cultural and institutional forces at work in the establishment of standard languages and norms of correctness. A perfect complement to the first volume, it offers an external history of the Romance languages combining data and theory to produce new and revealing perspectives on the shaping of the Romance languages.
Japanese
by Yoko HasegawaThis is an extensive beginning level Japanese textbook and language learning program. Elementary Japanese is designed for students who are just beginning their study of the Japanese language at the first#8211:year college level or on their own. The author and contributors have created a highly structured approach to learning Japanese that is based on learning the fundamental patters and constructions of the language as well as the writing system including basic kanji. Systematic grammatical explanations are provided in enough detail for this book to be used as a referencework as well as an introductory textbook. The accompanying MP3 audio CD is a great way to learn Japanese and ensures correct pronunciation and helps to build listening comprehension. After completing this course, you will be able to: - Describe yourself, your family and your friends. - Talk about daily events using basic vocabulary and grammatical constructions. - Understand conversations on these topics as well as classroom activities. - Read Japanese articles and write short and simple compositions and letters.
Romance Languages
by Ti Alkire Carol RosenTi Alkire and Carol Rosen trace the changes that led from colloquial Latin to five major Romance languages, those which ultimately became national or transnational languages: Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian. Trends in spoken Latin altered or dismantled older categories in phonology and morphology, while the regional varieties of speech, evolving under diverse influences, formed new grammatical patterns, each creating its own internal regularities. Documentary sources for spoken Latin show the beginnings of this process, which comes to full fruition in the medieval emergence of written Romance languages. This book newly distills the facts into an appealing program of study, including exercises, and makes the difficult issues clear, taking well motivated and sometimes innovative stands. It provides not only an essential guide for those new to the topic, but also a reliable compendium for the specialist.
Australian Sign Language (Auslan)
by Trevor Johnston Adam SchembriThis is first comprehensive introduction to the linguistics of Auslan, the sign language of Australia. Assuming no prior background in language study, it explores each key aspect of the structure of Auslan, providing an accessible overview of its grammar (how sentences are structured), phonology (the building blocks of signs), morphology (the structure of signs), lexicon (vocabulary), semantics (how meaning is created), and discourse (how Auslan is used in context). The authors also discuss a range of myths and misunderstandings about sign languages, provide an insight into the history and development of Auslan, and show how Auslan is related to other sign languages, such as those used in Britain, the USA and New Zealand. Complete with clear illustrations of the signs in use and useful further reading lists, this is an ideal resource for anyone interested in Auslan, as well as those seeking a clear, general introduction to sign language linguistics.
The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages
by Martin Maiden John Charles Smith Adam Ledgeway Martin Maiden John Charles SmithWhat is the origin of the Romance languages and how did they evolve? When and how did they become different from Latin, and from each other? Volume 2 of The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages offers fresh and original reflections on the principal questions and issues in the comparative external histories of the Romance languages. It is organised around the two key themes of influences and institutions, exploring the fundamental influence, of contact with and borrowing from, other languages (including Latin), and the cultural and institutional forces at work in the establishment of standard languages and norms of correctness. A perfect complement to the first volume, it offers an external history of the Romance languages combining data and theory to produce new and revealing perspectives on the shaping of the Romance languages.
An Introduction to Modern Japanese
by Richard Bowring Haruko Ury LaurieThis is the first book in a two-volume intensive one-year introductory course in Japanese, also suitable for those who wish to work at a slower pace. Students who finish this course will have a firm grasp of how the language works and enough knowledge of the writing system to tackle everyday written material with no more than a dictionary. Particular attention is paid to questions of grammar which foreign learners often find difficult, so Book One can also serve as a reference grammar. An Introduction to Modern Japanese uses both spoken and written forms from the outset. There are word lists for each lesson, and a comprehensive vocabulary for the whole course. Book One comprises fifty-two lessons which are accompanied by exercises and word lists in Book Two. The exercises ensure that the student has understood the grammar explained in the relevant lessons and give further practice in reading and recognising characters. Book Two also contains a full vocabulary, Japanese to English and English to Japanese.
An Introduction to Modern Japanese
by Richard Bowring Haruko Ury LaurieThis is the first book in a two-volume intensive one-year introductory course in Japanese, also suitable for those who wish to work at a slower pace. Students who finish this course will have a firm grasp of how the language works and enough knowledge of the writing system to tackle everyday written material with no more than a dictionary. Particular attention is paid to questions of grammar which foreign learners often find difficult, so Book One can also serve as a reference grammar. An Introduction to Modern Japanese uses both spoken and written forms from the outset. There are word lists for each lesson, and a comprehensive vocabulary for the whole course. Book One comprises fifty-two lessons which are accompanied by exercises and word lists in Book Two. The exercises ensure that the student has understood the grammar explained in the relevant lessons and give further practice in reading and recognising characters. Book Two also contains a full vocabulary, Japanese to English and English to Japanese.
Digital Language Learning and Teaching: Research, Theory, and Practice (Global Research on Teaching and Learning English)
by Kathleen M. Bailey Michael Carrier Ryan M. DamerowThis carefully balanced set of studies and practitioner research projects carried out in various learning contexts around the world highlights cutting-edge research in the use of digital learning technologies in language classrooms and in online learning. Providing an overview of recent developments in the application of educational technology to language learning and teaching, it looks at the experience of researchers and practitioners in both formal and informal (self-study) learning contexts, bringing readers up to date with this rapidly changing field and the latest developments in research, theory, and practice at both classroom and education system levels.
Teaching and Learning Chinese in Higher Education: Theoretical and Practical Issues (Routledge Chinese Language Pedagogy)
by Yang LuTeaching and Learning Chinese in Higher Education deals with the current issues and challenges faced by teachers and learners of Chinese. Written by leading professionals and academics, the book is the first collection of research articles based on data collected in higher education institutions in the UK. The studies focus on concerns related to learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) and aim to establish studies on teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL) as part of the mainstream of applied linguistics The contributors have applied their theoretical backgrounds in applied linguistics and education to tackle issues such as how to benchmark the Chinese written language with CEFR, how to integrate standardised Chinese proficiency tests with institutional assessments and teaching methodologies. Teaching and Learning Chinese in Higher Education will be invaluable to professionals, academics and students seeking theoretical frameworks in applied linguistics for TCFL.
500 Common Korean Idioms
by Danielle O. Pyun500 Common Korean Idioms is a useful learner’s tool that presents the 500 most commonly used Korean idioms in a clear and easy-to-follow manner. Structured with practicality in mind, the book presents: idioms with their literal and natural translations; usage notes describing the meaning, typical use, and any related cultural topic; several example sentences providing context and showing appropriate use of each idiom; important vocabulary and expressions highlighted in each chapter for review; an MP3 file for each idiom (online). Suitable for intermediate to advanced learners of Korean, 500 Common Korean Idioms provides a step-by-step approach to gaining greater fluency through a grasp of the most common idioms in the language.
Discipline-Specific Writing: Theory into practice
by John Flowerdew Tracey CostleyDiscipline-Specific Writing provides an introduction and guide to the teaching of this topic for students and trainee teachers. This book highlights the importance of discipline-specific writing as a critical area of competence for students, and covers both the theory and practice of teaching this crucial topic. With chapters from practitioners and researchers working across a wide range of contexts around the world, Discipline-Specific Writing: Explores teaching strategies in a variety of specific areas including science and technology, social science and business; Discusses curriculum development, course design and assessment, providing a framework for the reader; Analyses the teaching of language features including grammar and vocabulary for academic writing; Demonstrates the use of genre analysis, annotated bibliographies and corpora as tools for teaching; Provides practical suggestions for use in the classroom, questions for discussion and additional activities with each chapter. Discipline-Specific Writing is key reading for students taking courses in English for Specific Purposes, Applied Linguistics, TESOL, TEFL and CELTA.
Addressing Special Educational Needs and Disability in the Curriculum: Modern Foreign Languages (Addressing SEND in the Curriculum)
by John ConnorThe SEND Code of Practice has reinforced the requirement that all teachers must meet the needs of all learners. This book provides practical, tried and tested strategies and resources that will support teachers in making modern foreign languages accessible, challenging and exciting for all pupils, including those with special needs. The author draws on a wealth of experience to share his understanding of how SEND can affect learning and how the MFL teacher can reduce or remove any barriers to learning. Offering strategies that are specific to the context of MFL teaching, this book will enable teachers to: ensure all pupils are able to participate fully in every lesson; develop pupils’ understanding, motivation and enjoyment; adapt content and resources when differentiating materials for pupils with a wide range of learning needs; use formative assessments to measure learning. An invaluable tool for whole-school continuing professional development, this text will be essential for teachers (and their teaching assistants) seeking guidance specific to teaching languages to all pupils, regardless of their individual needs. This book will also be of interest to SENCOs, senior management teams and ITT providers.
Language, Culture, and Teaching: Critical Perspectives (Language, Culture, and Teaching #23)
by Sonia NietoDistinguished multiculturalist Sonia Nieto speaks directly to current and future teachers in this thoughtful integration of a selection of her key writings with creative pedagogical features. Offering information, insights, and motivation to teach students of diverse cultural, racial, and linguistic backgrounds, examples are included throughout to illustrate real-life dilemmas about diversity that teachers face in their own classrooms; ideas about how language, culture, and teaching are linked; and ways to engage with these ideas through reflection and collaborative inquiry. Designed for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level students and professional development courses, each chapter includes critical questions, classroom activities, and community activities suggesting projects beyond the classroom context. Language, Culture, and Teaching • explores how language and culture are connected to teaching and learning in educational settings; • examines the sociocultural and sociopolitical contexts of language and culture to understand how these contexts may affect student learning and achievement; • analyzes the implications of linguistic and cultural diversity for classroom practices, school reform, and educational equity; • encourages practicing and preservice teachers to reflect critically on their classroom practices, as well as on larger institutional policies related to linguistic and cultural diversity based on the above understandings; and • motivates teachers to understand their ethical and political responsibilities to work, together with their students, colleagues, and families, for more socially just classrooms, schools, and society. Changes in the Third Edition: This edition includes new and updated chapters, section introductions, critical questions, classroom and community activities, and resources, bringing it up-to-date in terms of recent educational policy issues and demographic changes in the U.S. and beyond. The new chapters reflect Nieto’s current thinking about the profession and society, especially about changes in the teaching profession, both positive and negative, since the publication of the second edition of this text.
Teaching Readers of English: Students, Texts, and Contexts
by John S. Hedgcock Dana R. FerrisA comprehensive manual for pre- and in-service ESL, EFL, and EIL educators who work with multilingual students at the secondary and postsecondary levels, this text balances insights from reading theory and research with highly practical, field-tested strategies for teaching and assessing second-language reading that educators can readily adopt and adapt to suit their contexts and student populations. Teaching Readers of English is a complete "go-to" source for teaching reading and promoting classroom and professional literacies in an increasingly digital world. Offering principled approaches and methods for planning and delivering effective L2 reading instruction, the text includes pedagogical features, such as questions for reflection, further reading and resources, and application activities to develop purposeful classroom reading lessons in a range of contexts. Changes in the Second Edition: Updated and revised chapters on formative and summative reading assessment, developing vocabulary knowledge and grammatical skill, and cultivating extensive reading and literary appreciation Updated information on institutional settings and reader demographics New pedagogical features in each chapter, including Chapter Summaries, Further Reading, Reflection and Review, and Application Activities A streamlined chapter sequence to enhance the text’s usability
Las variedades del mundo hispano: Introducción a la dialectología española
by Benjamin SchmeiserLas variedades del mundo hispano tiene un acercamiento nuevo a la dialectología española, ya que guía a los estudiantes por las macrovariedades fascinantes y diversas del mundo hispano. Un libro de texto único escrito en español que ofrece una introducción atractiva y accesible a la dialectología española, sus ámbitos claves incluyen: la cobertura de España, Sudamérica, Centroamérica, y Norteamérica; el libro de texto contiene una mezcla ideal de teoría y práctica; secciones de Práctica que contienen ejercicios para reforzar el aprendizaje; e incluye actividades que invitan a los estudiantes a explorar materiales de video y audio en el sitio web que acompaña el libro de texto. Además, el libro de texto incluye un componente de redes sociales que deja que los estudiantes aprendan en un formato que ha sido poco utilizado en cursos universitarios. Aunque principalmente fue diseñado para estudiantes de dialectología y fonética, tanto a nivel subgraduado como graduado, también sería una fuente invaluable para otros cursos de la lingüística hispánica al nivel universitario. Las variedades del mundo hispano takes a refreshing approach to Spanish dialectology, guiding students through the fascinating and diverse macro varieties of the Spanish-speaking world. A unique textbook written in Spanish and offering an engaging and accessible introduction to Spanish dialectology, its key features include: coverage of Spain, South, Central and North America; the ideal balance between theory and practice; a companion website with extensive audio and video materials for students to interact with; Práctica sections with exercises to reinforce learning; and a social media element that offers insight into a format often under-utilized in university courses. Though designed primarily for students of Spanish dialectology and phonetics at both undergraduate and graduate levels, Las variedades del mundo hispano would also prove an invaluable resource for a wide range of Spanish linguistics courses.
Collocations and other lexical combinations in Spanish: Theoretical, lexicographical and applied perspectives (Routledge Studies In Hispanic And Lusophone Linguistics Ser.)
by Sergi Torner Castells Elisenda Bernal GallenThis edited collection presents the state of the art in research related to lexical combinations and their restrictions in Spanish from a variety of theoretical approaches, ranging from Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicology to Distributed Morphology and Generative Lexicon Theory. Section 1 offers a presentation of the main theoretical and descriptive approaches to collocation. Section 2 explores collocation from the point of view of its lexicographical representation, while Section 3 offers a pedagogical perspective. Section 4 surveys current research on collocation in Catalan, Galician and Basque. Collocations and other lexical combinations in Spanish will be of interest to students of Hispanic linguistics.
Vietnamese: An Essential Grammar (Routledge Essential Grammars)
by Binh NgoVietnamese: An Essential Grammar is a concise and user-friendly reference guide to modern Vietnamese. It presents a fresh and accessible description of the language in short, readable sections. Features include: Clear and up-to-date examples of modern usage. Special attention to those points which often cause problems to English-speaking learners. Vietnamese / English comparisons and contrasts highlighted throughout. The final section covers pronunciation, providing an introduction to the syllable structure of Vietnamese, and highlighting common errors made by English-speaking learners. Accompanying audio tracks for this chapter are available at www.routledge.com/9781138210707. Vietnamese: An Essential Grammar is ideal for learners involved in independent study and for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types.