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Active Inference: First International Workshop, IWAI 2020, Co-located with ECML/PKDD 2020, Ghent, Belgium, September 14, 2020, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1326)
by Tim Verbelen Pablo Lanillos Christopher L. Buckley Cedric De BoomThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Active Inference, IWAI 2020, co-located with ECML/PKDD 2020, held in Ghent, Belgium, in September 2020. The 13 full papers along with 6 short papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. They are organized in the topical sections on active inference and continuous control; active inference and machine learning; active inference: theory and biology.
Active Assisted Living: Anwendungsszenarien und Lösungsansätze für ein selbstbestimmtes Leben
by Marcel Sailer Andreas MahrIn dem vorliegenden Open-Access-Buch identifizieren Studierende und Lehrende interprofessionell Entwicklungen und Problemfelder der Assistiven Technologien. Diese halten zunehmend Einzug ins Leben versorgungsbedürftiger, häufig älterer Menschen. Nach einigen Jahren der Entwicklung kann konstatiert werden, dass der Transfer von Entwicklung zur Anwendung im Alltag infolge unterschiedlicher Perspektiven und Zielsetzungen nur unzureichend stattfindet. Die Beitragsautoren bieten kreative Lösungsansätze, die zu einer nachhaltigen Umsetzung führen sollen.Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.
Active Ageing and Labour Market Engagement: Evidence from Eastern India
by Zakir HusainThe book provides an interesting analysis of the time-use data to examine the extent to which active ageing is occurring in India. It also synthesizes data from the National Sample Survey Office All India Survey and another survey undertaken in Kolkata, Bhubaneswar, and Ranchi (capital cities of East Indian states) to examine the role of the aged in the Indian Society. Nearly all countries in the world are experiencing an important issue of ageing. India faces its own set of challenges with its aging population due to the absence of a social security system—the shifting family dynamics questions the contribution of the elderly to the family in every aspect. Econometric models have been used in the book to study gender differences and variations across socio-economic conditions, correlating them to the contribution of the aged to their families and the extent of active ageing. The book broadens the understanding on the aged and facilitates their integration in the society so that they can age more actively. Active Ageing and Labour Market Engagement offers an analytical perspective to professionals, researchers, and policy makers interested in gerontology.
Activating Math Talk: 11 Purposeful Techniques for Your Elementary Students (Corwin Mathematics Series)
by Paola Sztajn Daniel Heck Kristen MalzahnAchieve High-Quality Mathematics Discourse With Purposeful Talk Techniques Engaging students in high quality discourse is important for their conceptual learning, but successfully promoting such discourse in elementary classrooms—with attention to the needs of every learner—can be a challenge. Based on research, Activating Math Talk tackles this challenge by bringing 11 practical, math-specific, productive discourse techniques to the classroom. You will be guided through each technique with · Classroom examples spanning grades K–5 · Reflection moments to help you relate to your own instruction · Classroom vignettes that illustrate the techniques in action · Group discussion questions for engaging with colleagues
Activating Math Talk: 11 Purposeful Techniques for Your Elementary Students (Corwin Mathematics Series)
by Paola Sztajn Daniel Heck Kristen MalzahnAchieve High-Quality Mathematics Discourse With Purposeful Talk Techniques Engaging students in high quality discourse is important for their conceptual learning, but successfully promoting such discourse in elementary classrooms—with attention to the needs of every learner—can be a challenge. Based on research, Activating Math Talk tackles this challenge by bringing 11 practical, math-specific, productive discourse techniques to the classroom. You will be guided through each technique with · Classroom examples spanning grades K–5 · Reflection moments to help you relate to your own instruction · Classroom vignettes that illustrate the techniques in action · Group discussion questions for engaging with colleagues
Actions and Invariants of Algebraic Groups (Chapman & Hall/CRC Monographs and Research Notes in Mathematics)
by Walter Ferrer Santos Alvaro RittatoreActions and Invariants of Algebraic Groups, Second Edition presents a self-contained introduction to geometric invariant theory starting from the basic theory of affine algebraic groups and proceeding towards more sophisticated dimensions." Building on the first edition, this book provides an introduction to the theory by equipping the reader with the tools needed to read advanced research in the field. Beginning with commutative algebra, algebraic geometry and the theory of Lie algebras, the book develops the necessary background of affine algebraic groups over an algebraically closed field, and then moves toward the algebraic and geometric aspects of modern invariant theory and quotients.
Actionable Science of Global Environment Change: From Big Data to Practical Research
by Ziheng SunThis volume teaches readers how to sort through the vast mountain of climate and environmental science data to extract actionable insights. With the advancements in sensing technology, we now observe petabytes of data related to climate and the environment. While the volume of data is impressive, collecting big data for the sake of data alone proves to be of limited utility. Instead, our quest is for actionable data that can drive tangible actions and meaningful impact.Yet, unearthing actionable insights from the accumulated big data and delivering them to global stakeholders remains a burgeoning field. Although traditional data mining struggles to keep pace with data accumulation, scientific evolution has spurred the emergence of new technologies like numeric modeling and machine learning. These cutting-edge tools are now tackling grand challenges in climate and the environment, from forecasting extreme climate events and enhancing environmental productivity to monitoring greenhouse gas emissions, fostering smart environmental solutions, and understanding aerosols. Additionally, they model environmental-human interactions, inform policy, and steer markets towards a healthier and more environment-friendly direction.While there's no universal solution to address all these formidable tasks, this book takes us on a guided journey through three sections, enriched with chapters from domain scientists. Part I defines actionable science and explores what truly renders data actionable. Part II showcases compelling case studies and practical use scenarios, illustrating these principles in action. Finally, Part III provides an insightful glimpse into the future of actionable science, focusing on the pressing climate and environmental issues we must confront.Embark on this illuminating voyage with us, where big data meets practical research, and discover how our collective efforts move us closer to a sustainable and thriving future. This book is an invitation to unlock the mysteries of our environment, transforming data into decisive action for generations to come.
Action-minimizing Methods in Hamiltonian Dynamics: An Introduction to Aubry-Mather Theory
by Alfonso SorrentinoJohn Mather's seminal works in Hamiltonian dynamics represent some of the most important contributions to our understanding of the complex balance between stable and unstable motions in classical mechanics. His novel approach--known as Aubry-Mather theory--singles out the existence of special orbits and invariant measures of the system, which possess a very rich dynamical and geometric structure. In particular, the associated invariant sets play a leading role in determining the global dynamics of the system. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Mather's theory, and can serve as an interdisciplinary bridge for researchers and students from different fields seeking to acquaint themselves with the topic.Starting with the mathematical background from which Mather's theory was born, Alfonso Sorrentino first focuses on the core questions the theory aims to answer--notably the destiny of broken invariant KAM tori and the onset of chaos--and describes how it can be viewed as a natural counterpart of KAM theory. He achieves this by guiding readers through a detailed illustrative example, which also provides the basis for introducing the main ideas and concepts of the general theory. Sorrentino then describes the whole theory and its subsequent developments and applications in their full generality.Shedding new light on John Mather's revolutionary ideas, this book is certain to become a foundational text in the modern study of Hamiltonian systems.
ACT Test Prep Flash Cards: Arithmetic Review (Exambusters ACT Workbook #6 of 16)
by Ace Inc.600 questions and answers highlight <P><P><i>Advisory: Bookshare has learned that this book offers only partial accessibility. We have kept it in the collection because it is useful for some of our members. Benetech is actively working on projects to improve accessibility issues such as these.</i><P><P> essential arithmetic definitions, problems, and concepts. <P><P>Topics: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division of Whole Numbers; Fractions and Decimals, Multiplication Tables, Word Problems, Percents, Measurement, Metric System, Square Roots and Powers, Real Numbers, Properties of Numbers.
ACT Test Prep Flash Cards: Algebra Review (Exambusters ACT Workbook #7 of 13)
by Ace Inc.450 questions and answers that highlight introductory algebra definitions, problems, and concepts.<P><P> Topics: Algebraic Concepts, Sets, Variables, Exponents, Properties of Numbers, Simple Equations, Signed Numbers, Monomials, Polynomials, Additive and Multiplicative Inverse, Word Problems, Prime Numbers, Factoring, Algebraic Fractions, Ratio and Proportion, Variation, Radicals, Quadratic Equations. <P><P><i>Advisory: Bookshare has learned that this book offers only partial accessibility. We have kept it in the collection because it is useful for some of our members. Benetech is actively working on projects to improve accessibility issues such as these.</i><P><P>
ACT Test Prep Flash Cards: Geometry Review (Exambusters ACT Workbook #8 of 13)
by Ace Inc.450 questionsand answers that focus on essential geometry theorems, postulates, concepts, and definitions. Includes complementary diagrams. <P><P>Topics: Lines and Angles, Triangles, Proofs, Perpendicular Lines, Parallel Lines, Angle Sums, Quadrilaterals, Medians, Altitudes and Bisectors, Circles, Ratio and Proportion, Similar Polygons, Circles and Regular Polygons, Coordinate Geometry <P><P><i>Advisory: Bookshare has learned that this book offers only partial accessibility. We have kept it in the collection because it is useful for some of our members. Benetech is actively working on projects to improve accessibility issues such as these.</i><P><P>
ACT Test Prep Flash Cards: Algebra 2 - Trigonometry Review (Exambusters ACT Workbook #9 of 13)
by Ace Inc.500 questions and answers that focus on essential advanced algebra and trigonometry concepts.<P><P> Includes complementary diagrams. Topics: Linear Equations, Quadratics, Conic Sections, Logarithms, Trig. Functions, Sequence and Series, and more. <P><P><i>Advisory: Bookshare has learned that this book offers only partial accessibility. We have kept it in the collection because it is useful for some of our members. Benetech is actively working on projects to improve accessibility issues such as these.</i><P><P>
ACT Math Prep For Dummies: Book + 3 Practice Tests Online
by Mark ZegarelliImprove your score on the math section of the ACT A good math score on the ACT exam can set you on the path to a number of rewarding college programs and future careers, especially in the STEM fields. ACT Math Prep For Dummies walks you through this challenging exam section, with simple explanations of math concepts and proven test-taking strategies. Now including access to an all-new online test bank—so you can hammer out even more practice sessions—this book will help you hone your skills in pre-algebra, algebra, geometry, trigonometry and beyond. Handy problem-solving tips mean you’ll be prepared for the ever-more-advanced questions that the ACT throws at students each year. Learn exactly what you’ll need to know to score well on the ACT math section Get tips for solving problems quicker and making good guesses when you need to Drill down into more complex concepts like matrices and functions Practice, practice, practice, with three online testsIf you’re a high school student preparing to take the ACT and you need extra math practice, ACT Math Prep For Dummies has your back.
Across the Board: The Mathematics of Chessboard Problems (Princeton Puzzlers)
by John J. WatkinsAcross the Board is the definitive work on chessboard problems. It is not simply about chess but the chessboard itself--that simple grid of squares so common to games around the world. And, more importantly, the fascinating mathematics behind it. From the Knight's Tour Problem and Queens Domination to their many variations, John Watkins surveys all the well-known problems in this surprisingly fertile area of recreational mathematics. Can a knight follow a path that covers every square once, ending on the starting square? How many queens are needed so that every square is targeted or occupied by one of the queens? Each main topic is treated in depth from its historical conception through to its status today. Many beautiful solutions have emerged for basic chessboard problems since mathematicians first began working on them in earnest over three centuries ago, but such problems, including those involving polyominoes, have now been extended to three-dimensional chessboards and even chessboards on unusual surfaces such as toruses (the equivalent of playing chess on a doughnut) and cylinders. Using the highly visual language of graph theory, Watkins gently guides the reader to the forefront of current research in mathematics. By solving some of the many exercises sprinkled throughout, the reader can share fully in the excitement of discovery. Showing that chess puzzles are the starting point for important mathematical ideas that have resonated for centuries, Across the Board will captivate students and instructors, mathematicians, chess enthusiasts, and puzzle devotees.
Acquisition and Analysis of Terrestrial Gravity Data
by Leland Timothy Long Ronald Douglas KaufmannGravity surveys have a huge range of applications, indicating density variations in the subsurface and identifying man-made structures, local changes of rock type or even deep-seated structures at the crust/mantle boundary. This important one-stop book combines an introductory manual of practical procedures with a full explanation of analysis techniques, enabling students, geophysicists, geologists and engineers to understand the methodology, applications and limitations of a gravity survey. Filled with examples from a wide variety of acquisition problems, the book instructs students in avoiding common mistakes and misconceptions. It explores the increasing near-surface geophysical applications being opened up by improvements in instrumentation and provides more advance-level material as a useful introduction to potential theory. This is a key text for graduate students of geophysics and for professionals using gravity surveys, from civil engineers and archaeologists to oil and mineral prospectors and geophysicists seeking to learn more about the Earth's deep interior.
Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures—AVMS-2023: Proceedings of the 17th AVMS, Timişoara, Romania, May 26–27, 2023 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #302)
by Nicolae Herisanu Vasile MarincaThis book presents peer-reviewed and selected papers from the 17th Conference on Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures (AVMS) held in Timisoara, Romania, on 26–27 May 2023. Internationally recognized experts share their knowledge and key findings in a broad range of topics related to acoustics and vibration of mechanical structures such as analytical, numerical and experimental techniques for noise and vibration problems, environmental and occupational noise and vibration, modelling, prediction and simulations of noise and vibration, noise and vibration control, noise and vibration attenuators. The book addresses application studies and fundamental studies as well, and it is meant for academics researchers and professionals, as well as Ph.D. students concerned with various fields of acoustics and vibration of mechanical structures.
Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures—AVMS 2019: Proceedings of the 15th AVMS, Timisoara, Romania, May 30–31, 2019 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #251)
by Nicolae Herisanu Vasile MarincaThis book contains selected and expanded contributions presented at the 15th Conference on Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures held in Timisoara, Romania, May 30-31, 2019. The conference focused on a broad range of topics related to acoustics and vibration, such as analytical approaches to nonlinear noise and vibration problems, environmental and occupational noise, structural vibration, biomechanics and bioacoustics, as well as experimental approaches to vibration problems in industrial processes. The different contributions also address the analytical, numerical and experimental techniques applicable to analyze linear and non-linear noise and vibration problems (including strong nonlinearity) and they are primarily intended to emphasize the actual trends and state-of-the-art developments in the above mentioned topics. The book is meant for academics, researchers and professionals, as well as PhD students concerned with various fields of acoustics and vibration of mechanical structures.
Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures—AVMS-2017: Proceedings of the 14th AVMS Conference, Timisoara, Romania, May 25–26, 2017 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #198)
by Nicolae Herisanu Vasile MarincaThis book is a collection of papers presented at Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures 2017 - AVMS 2017 - highlighting the current trends and state-of-the-art developments in the field. It covers a broad range of topics, such as noise and vibration control, noise and vibration generation and propagation, the effects of noise and vibration, condition monitoring and vibration testing, modeling, prediction and simulation of noise and vibration, environmental and occupational noise and vibration, noise and vibration attenuators, as well as biomechanics and bioacoustics. The book also presents analytical, numerical and experimental techniques for evaluating linear and non-linear noise and vibration problems (including strong nonlinearity). It is primarily intended for academics, researchers and professionals, as well as PhD students in various fields of the acoustics and vibration of mechanical structures.
Acoustics and Vibration of Mechanical Structures – AVMS-2021: Proceedings of the 16th AVMS, Timişoara, Romania, May 28-29, 2021 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #274)
by Nicolae Herisanu Vasile MarincaThis book is a collection of contributions presented at the 16th Conference on Acoustic and Vibration of Mechanical Structure held in Timişoara, Romania, May 28, 2021. The conference focused on a broad range of topics related to acoustics and vibration, such as noise and vibration control, noise and vibration generation and propagation, effects of noise and vibration, condition monitoring and vibration testing, modelling, prediction and simulation of noise and vibration, environmental and occupational noise and vibration, noise and vibration attenuators, biomechanics and bioacoustics. The book also discusses analytical, numerical and experimental techniques applicable to analyze linear and non-linear noise and vibration problems (including strong nonlinearity) and it is primarily intended to emphasize the actual trends and state-of-the-art developments in the above mentioned topics. The primary audience of this book consist of academics, researchers and professionals, as well as PhD students concerned with various fields of acoustics and vibration of mechanical structures.
Acoustical Analysis of the Tanpura: Indian Plucked String Instrument (Signals and Communication Technology)
by Asoke Kumar Datta Ranjan Sengupta Kaushik Banerjee Dipak GhoshThis book addresses the acoustic signal analysis and spectral dynamics of the tanpura, an Indian plucked string instrument. In addition, it strives to provide a logical and objective explanation of Indian classical musicians’ cognitive experience. Issues of relevance in this regard include the rich, mellifluous sound; the undulation of the loudness; the somewhat cyclical variation of the timbre, which is strongly related to these undulations; and the occasional perception of virtual notes to which no strings are tuned. The book analyses the materials used in the tanpura, the instrument’s simple structure, the intricacies of the lower bridge, and the theory of string vibration with variable string length. Cognitive experiments to provide the basis for perceptual quality assessment, as well as a methodology for ranking, are described. This is followed by acoustic analyses, both temporal and spectral, for sounds produced by male and female tanpuras, for each individual string and the combined one. An important aspect related to the naturalness of perceived sound, namely the intrinsically associated random perturbations, is also discussed. The apparent irregularities perceived in the acoustic signal produced by the tanpura reveal the importance of examining the signal from the perspective of non-linear analysis, an aspect that is also covered in the book. Given its scope, the book will appeal to students and researchers in the fields of music acoustics, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science, as well as musicians and musicologists around the world.
Acoustic Waves in Periodic Structures, Metamaterials, and Porous Media: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications (Topics in Applied Physics #143)
by Noé Jiménez Olga Umnova Jean-Philippe GrobyThis book delivers a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of practical applications of metamaterials, structured media, and conventional porous materials. With increasing levels of urbanization, a growing demand for motorized transport, and inefficient urban planning, environmental noise exposure is rapidly becoming a pressing societal and health concern. Phononic and sonic crystals, acoustic metamaterials, and metasurfaces can revolutionize noise and vibration control and, in many cases, replace traditional porous materials for these applications.In this collection of contributed chapters, a group of international researchers reviews the essentials of acoustic wave propagation in metamaterials and porous absorbers with viscothermal losses, as well as the most recent advances in the design of acoustic metamaterial absorbers. The book features a detailed theoretical introduction describing commonly used modelling techniques such as plane wave expansion, multiple scattering theory, and the transfer matrix method. The following chapters give a detailed consideration of acoustic wave propagation in viscothermal fluids and porous media, and the extension of this theory to non-local models for fluid saturated metamaterials, along with a description of the relevant numerical methods. Finally, the book reviews a range of practical industrial applications, making it especially attractive as a white book targeted at the building, automotive, and aeronautic industries.
Acoustic Guitar Design
by Richard Mark FrenchThis book is for experienced luthiers and guitar designers in the industry, novice builders wishing to improve their designs, and guitar owners interested in knowing more about their instruments. It includes the most important technical information gathered from many sources, including the academic literature and the author’s own work, presented here in a clear, actionable form with a minimum of mathematics. The book begins with a historical survey on how important features of the acoustic guitar evolved over centuries. The review leads up to a chapter focusing on three iconic instruments that represent the most important types of acoustic guitars: classical, steel string flat top and archtop. As the guitar market is so strongly conditioned by familiar, traditional instruments, a successful builder must have a thorough working understanding of the most important designs to underpin their own work. Through this volume, Professor French lays out the entire design process and collects detailed information in one convenient source. Luthiers quite often compile notebooks of measurements, part numbers, specific design features and other details they routinely need. This book organizes much of that information, with tables of dimensions, material properties, and other details in one essential final chapter. The book also features concise side bar contributions by top guitar designers and builders including Tim Shaw, Chief Engineer at Fender Music; Bob Taylor, Co-Founder of Taylor Guitars; and Andy Powers, Master Guitar Designer and Partner.
Acoustic Analysis and Design of Short Elliptical End-Chamber Mufflers
by Akhilesh MimaniThis book presents a three-dimensional analysis of acoustic wave propagation in an elliptical waveguide, and applies the equations and concepts to design axially short elliptical end-chamber muffler configurations which are an important component of a complex multi-pass muffler used in a modern-day automotive exhaust system. A general solution of the Helmholtz equation in elliptical cylindrical co-ordinates is presented in terms of the Mathieu and modified Mathieu modal functions. This is followed by the tabulation and analysis, for the first time, of the non-dimensional resonance frequencies of the transverse modes of a rigid-wall elliptical waveguide for a complete range of aspect ratio. The modal shape patterns of the first few circumferential, radial and cross-modes are examined with particular attention to the pressure nodal ellipses and hyperbolae. An analytical formulation is then outlined for characterizing a single-inlet and single-outlet elliptical muffler with the inlet located on the end face and the outlet located either on the end face or side-surface. The ensuing chapter is devoted toward analyzing the Transmission Loss (TL) performance of different short end-chamber mufflers, namely (a) the straight-flow configuration having ports located on the opposite face, (b) the flow-reversal configuration with ports located on the same end face and (c) configuration with inlet port on the end face and outlet on the side surface. Design guidelines are formulated in terms of the optimal location of inlet and outlet ports which suppresses the deteriorating influence of certain higher-order modes, thereby delivering a broadband TL performance. Directions for future work are discussed toward the end. In summary, this book is a one-stop solution for a practicing automotive engineer designing mufflers, for an applied mathematician studying wave propagation in elliptical geometries, and also as a niche area within noise control engineering.
Achtung: 150 Kolumnen zum Nachdenken und Schmunzeln
by Björn Christensen Sören ChristensenMit 150 Kolumnen ,,Achtung Statistik" bietet das Buch eine kurzweilige Möglichkeit, Statistik zukünftig mit anderen Augen zu sehen, kritisch zu hinterfragen und in Einzelfällen sogar wissenschaftliche Top-Nachrichten mit gesundem Menschenverstand als statistische ,,Rohrkrepierer" zu entlarven. Geprägt durch den Spruch: ,,Trau keiner Statistik, die du nicht selbst gefälscht hast!" hat die Statistik wirklich keinen guten Ruf. Sie gilt als eine trockene, schwierige Materie, die uns zwar auf Schritt und Tritt in Schule, Studium und Beruf, aber auch in den Medien begegnet, zu der die meisten aber kaum Zugang finden. Die Autoren zeigen, dass es möglich ist, ohne besondere Vorbildung und mit einem Schmunzeln interessante und erstaunliche statistische Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen, zu deren Verständnis keine Formeln nötig sind. Die seit 2012 regelmäßig im ,,Schleswig-Holstein Journal" publizierten Kolumnen wurden für das Buch um weitergehende Erläuterungen und Beispiele ergänzt.
Achtung: 150 neue Kolumnen zum Nachdenken und Schmunzeln
by Björn Christensen Sören ChristensenStatistik und Mathematik prägen unser Leben so stark wie noch nie. Trotzdem gilt die Welt der Zahlen und Strukturen oft als abstrakt und kompliziert. Dieses Buch tritt den Gegenbeweis an: Die Autoren zeigen auf unterhaltsame Art, wie man – ganz ohne Formeln und besondere Vorbildung – erstaunliche statistische und mathematische Erkenntnisse gewinnen kann. Grundlage dafür bilden 150 auf SPIEGEL ONLINE und im „Schleswig-Holstein Journal“ publizierte Kolumnen, die für das Buch teilweise kommentiert und ergänzt wurden. Die Zusammenstellung lädt dazu ein, zwischen den einzelnen Kapiteln und Abschnitten hin- und her zu springen, darin zu schmökern und fast beiläufig den eigenen „gesunden Menschenverstand“ zu schulen. Das Buch führt somit das erfolgreiche Konzept des bereits veröffentlichten Werks „Achtung: Statistik“ mit neuen Inhalten und erweitertem inhaltlichem Fokus fort.