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Developing the Talent You Have: Strategies for Training and Development
by Harvard Business Review PressWhile many companies consider employee training a good investment, others question how the organization benefits if employees move on and take that training elsewhere. Encouraging employee training and development, this chapter describes several cost-effective methods of doing it while retaining the most competent individuals.
Developing the Workforce in an Emerging Economy: The Case of Indonesia (Routledge Advances in Management and Business Studies)
by John Burgess Kantha Dayaram Linda Lambey Tri Wulida AfriantyThis edited volume examines how forces of globalization, demographic and technological change are manifested and accommodated in an emerging economy such as Indonesia, which has a large workforce pool. Using the human resource development framework, the book explains the opportunities and challenges in developing human capabilities to support current and future living standards. It looks at human development challenges across the spectrum of workforce skills and across the spectrum of formal and informal labour markets. Through the case study on Indonesia, this book presents many of the features and issues that are present in emerging economies as they grapple with human resource development in the globalized and networked era. This book will appeal to researchers and policy makers working in the areas of human resource and economic development.
Developing the Workforce, Shaping the Future: Transformation of Madagascar's Post-basic Education
by Sajitha BashirWith challenges similar to those faced by a number of low income countries, Madagascar faces critical policy choices with respect to post-basic education. Enrolment ratios in senior secondary education and tertiary education are 10 percent and 3 percent, respectively, among the lowest in the world. Critical skill shortages and pervasive inequities in access necessitate changes in the quantity and quality of education and skills. The increasing number of basic education completers and demographic growth are mounting pressure on the government to expand access to post-basic education. Responding to these economic and social challenges, the government has made the transformation of education one of the key priorities of the Madagascar Action Plan. However, low domestic revenues and competing demands from other sectors, including basic education, limit the room for maneuver. Caught between these two pincers, policy makers often choose to sacrifice quality over expanding access or are unable to develop a long term vision. 'Developing the Workforce, Shaping the Future' presents Madagascar's core challenges and argues persuasively that the time for transforming the post-basic education system is now. It documents the poor performance of the post-basic education system in the areas of quality and relevance, internal efficiency, equity and financial inefficiency. The report presents a sequence of prioritization of reforms, focusing on improving education content and linkages with the economy, increasing coverage cost-effectively through the adoption of new planning norms for public institutions, utilization of the private sector and innovations in open/flexible learning and creating the enabling framework through reforms of governance, finance and management. The report provides a convincing reform scenario for a low income country, with actions to be undertaken in the medium and long term to sustain the development of post-basic education in an environment of limited public resources and implementation capacity. Policy makers in other developing countries will find this report useful to gauge their own strategies for post basic education.
Development Aid Confronts Politics
by Thomas Carothers Diane De GramontA new lens on development is changing the world of international aid. The overdue recognition that development in all sectors is an inherently political process is driving aid providers to try to learn how to think and act politically.Major donors are pursuing explicitly political goals alongside their traditional socioeconomic aims and introducing more politically informed methods throughout their work. Yet these changes face an array of external and internal obstacles, from heightened sensitivity on the part of many aid-receiving governments about foreign political interventionism to inflexible aid delivery mechanisms and entrenched technocratic preferences within many aid organizations.This pathbreaking book assesses the progress and pitfalls of the attempted politics revolution in development aid and charts a constructive way forward.Contents:Introduction1. The New Politics AgendaThe Original Framework: 1960s-1980s2. Apolitical RootsBreaking the Political Taboo: 1990s-2000s3. The Door Opens to Politics4. Advancing Political Goals5. Toward Politically Informed MethodsThe Way Forward6. Politically Smart Development Aid7. The Unresolved Debate on Political Goals8. The Integration FrontierConclusion9. The Long Road to Politics
Development Aid and Economic Growth: A Positive Long-Run Relation
by Camelia Minoiu Sanjay G. ReddyA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Development Aid and Sustainable Economic Growth in Africa
by Simone RaudinoThis book offers an original analysis of the long-term impact of western and Chinese economic and development cooperation policies in Africa. It argues that western Official Development Assistance (ODA) has failed to create viable and autonomous economies in beneficiary countries not (only) because of corruption, inefficiencies and cultural differences, but because it was never meant to do so. Raudino demonstrates, rather, that it was always designed to provide relief measures and nurture political relations rather than create genuinely industrialized and self-reliant economies. Similarly, by analyzing the nature of Chinese economic investments in Africa the author shows that China's governmental policies hardly represent a revolutionary departure from the cooperation standards set by the West. In making these observations he also taps into the broader question of why wealth continues to be generated unequally across the world. Based on extensive fieldwork, quantitative economic analysis and historical qualitative research, this thought-provoking work will appeal to students and scholars of politics, economics and development studies, as well as to those involved more directly in the aid process.
Development Betrayed: The End of Progress and a Co-Evolutionary Revisioning of the Future
by Richard B NorgaardModernity promised control over nature through science, material abundance through technology and effective government through rational, social organization. Instead of leading to this promised land it has brought us to the brink of environmental and cultural disaster. Why has there been this gap between modernity's aspirations and its achievements? Development Betrayed offers a powerful answer to this question. Development with its unshakeable commitment to the idea of progress, is rooted in modernism and has been betrayed by each of its major tenets. Attempts to control nature have led to the brink of environmental catastrophe. Western technologies have proved inappropriate for the needs of the South, and governments are unable to respond effectively to the crises that have resulted. Offering a thorough and lively critiques of the ideas behind development, Richard Norgaard also offers an alternative co-evolutionary paradigm, in which development is portrayed as a co-evolution between cultural and ecological systems. Rather than a future with all peoples merging to one best way of knowing and doing things, he envisions a future of a patchwork quilt of cultures with real possibilities for harmony.
Development Challenges and Solutions after the Arab Spring (Rethinking International Development Ser.)
by Ali KadriSince the events of 2011, most Arab countries have slipped into a state of war, and living conditions for the majority of the working population have not changed for the better. This edited collection examines the socioeconomic conditions and contests the received policy framework to demonstrate that workable alternatives do exist.
Development Challenges of India After Twenty Five Years of Economic Reforms: Inequality, Labour, Employment and Migration (India Studies in Business and Economics)
by Nripendra Kishore MishraThis book revisits some of the persisting challenges of development of India, which remain unresolved even after twenty-five years of economic reforms and almost fifteen years of high growth rate. These include defining purpose of development, inequality, labour, work, unemployment, agrarian distress and migration. The book questions the overemphasis on growth to the extent of neglecting basic issues of development. With a number of contributions re-imagining development and its political economy, the book discusses above mentioned issues in light of new data and more recent conceptions of the issues. The contributors of this volume are eminent researchers in their respective field. Presenting primary as well as secondary data, the book considers the latest advances and research and also addresses new challenges like the global reorganization of production and the consequences for labour and the world of work, along with skills question. World of work has received detailed investigation in this book. This is a timely addition in existing literature especially in context of pandemic and lockdown. Informality and un/employment question is addressed in this context. Relationship among poverty, inequality and growth is examined in light of newer understanding. Agrarian distress is looked in a broader context. A number of papers are examining migration question by expanding coverage of migration and including labour mobility as apart of migration debate. The present crisis of migrant labour and absence of social security for these workers is also discussed.This book is primarily intended for those interested in recent advances on some of the basic aspects of development, like poverty, inequality, informality, word of work, migration and labour mobility. It is also useful for researchers, policy makers, journalists and civil society organizations working on these issues.
Development Challenges of Pakistan: Constraints and Choices
by Jamil NasirThis book aims to enhance understanding of the academia, policymakers, and general readers about the development challenges and constraints on long-term economic growth of Pakistan. It offers policy prescriptions, based on relevant empirical studies and data analysis, for overcoming such constraints. The book's content is also relevant to other developing countries, particularly of South Asian region, as comparative data of a number of countries has been analyzed on various development themes and issues. Besides emphasizing the centrality of equitable economic growth and human resource development, themes like culture of growth, rising inequalities, misallocation of land and talent, developmental bureaucracy, judicial system, rent-seeking, social capital, fiscal capacities, and militancy etc. also find detailed exposition while exploring intimate causal connections of the said variables with economic growth. Empirical studies, mostly conducted in the context of developing countries, have been discussed to support propositions and recommend solutions for economic growth and development.
Development Communication Sourcebook
by Paolo MefalopulosThe 'Development Communication Sourcebook' highlights how the scope and application of communication in the development context are broadening to include a more dialogic approach. This approach facilitates assessment of risks and opportunities, prevents problems and conflicts, and enhances the results and sustainability of projects when implemented at the very beginning of an initiative. The book presents basic concepts and explains key challenges faced in daily practice. Each of the four modules is self-contained, with examples, toolboxes, and more.
Development Communication in Practice: India and the Millennium Development Goals
by J V VilanilamThis book takes a fresh look at development communication in the Indian context. Charting its international history and discussing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that evolved as part of the phenomenon of globalization, it links the history of India′s development with development communication and discusses the role of media in disseminating information to the public. Development Communication in Practice: India and the Millennium Development Goals analyzes seven Indian newspapers for a period of seven months and evaluates the extent to which development issues are addressed in them. The findings reveal an under-representation of development issues in the media which, the author argues, needs to be addressed. Reviewing recent concepts on poverty measurement and the MDGs set forth by global scholars such as Jagdish Bhagwati, Amartya Sen and Joseph Stiglitz, the book acknowledges the importance of information technology, literacy and education in the process of development. This book will be a good resource for economists, development communication practitioners, government officials dealing in media and communication and students and researchers working in the fields of communication and media studies and journalism.
Development Connections
by Alberto ChongDevelopment Connections takes stock of recent advances in what is broadly known as Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The authors seek to discover how information and telecommunication technologies affect both the public and private sectors in Latin America and how they can optimize ICT returns to society.
Development Cooperation in Times of Crisis
by Jose Antonio Ocampo Jose Antonio AlonsoUrging advanced nations to improve their support for development, the contributors to this volume revisit the causes of the 2008 economic collapse and the ongoing effects of recession on global and developing economies.
Development Cooperation in Times of Crisis (Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia: Challenges in Development and Globalization)
by Jose Antonio Eds. Ocampo AlonsoLeading governments undertook extraordinary measures to offset the 2008 economic crisis, shoring up financial institutions, stimulating demand to reverse recession, and rebalancing budgets to alleviate sovereign debt. While productive in and of themselves, these solutions were effective because they were coordinated internationally and were matched with sweeping global financial reforms. Unfortunately, coordination has weakened after these initial steps, indicating one of the crisis's adverse effects will be a significant reduction in development cooperation.Urging advanced nations to improve their support for development, the contributors to this volume revisit the causes of the 2008 collapse and the ongoing effects of recession on global and developing economies. They reevaluate the international response to crisis and suggest more effective approaches to development cooperation. Experts on international aid join together to redesign the cooperation system and its governance, so it can accept new actors and better achieve the Millennial Development Goals of 2015 within the context of severe global crisis. In their introduction, José Antonio Alonso and José Antonio Ocampo summarize different chapters and the implications of their analyses, concluding with a frank assessment of global economic imbalance and the ability of increased cooperation to rectify these inequalities.
Development Cooperation of the �New� EU Member States: Beyond Europeanization (EADI Global Development Series)
by Simon Lightfoot Ondrej Hork�-Hluch�nThe book provides a comprehensive analysis of the international development policies of ten Central and Eastern European countries that joined the EU between 2004 and 2007. The contributors offer the first thorough overview of the 'new' EU member states' development cooperation programmes, placing them in a larger political and societal context.
Development Cooperation: Challenges of the New Aid Architecture
by Stephan KlingebielThe aims of and motives for development cooperation have changed significantly in recent times. Besides pursuing short- and longer-term objectives in their own economic, foreign policy and other interests, donors usually have a recognisable and genuine interest in assisting countries in their processes of development.
Development Crises and Alternative Visions: Third World Women's Perspectives
by Caren Grown Gita SenMore than half of the world's farmers are women. They are the majority of the poor, the uneducated and are the first to suffer from drought and famine. Yet their subordination is reinforced by well-meaning development policies that perpetuate social inequalities. During the 1975-85 United Nations Decade for the Advancement of Women their position actually worsened. This book analyses three decades of policies towards Third World women. Focusing on global economic and political crises - debt, famine, militarization, fundamentalism - the authors show how women's moves to organize effective strategies for basic survival are central to an understanding of the development process.
Development Delusions and Contradictions: An Anatomy of the Foreign Aid Industry
by David SimsThis book analyses the shortcomings of the Western development aid programme. Through exploring the evolution of aid over more than seven decades, development is examined as an industry with a variety of motives and actors. The driving forces and dynamics in the relationship between aid and economic development are highlighted in relation to faulty development structures and misaligned aims. With a particular focus on Egypt, radical questions are posed on how global aid and development can be improved, including how it can respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. This book aims to present an alternative aid framework to help overcome the dysfunctionality of the current international development system. It will be of interest to researchers and policymakers working within development economics and development policy.
Development Derailed: Calgary and the CPR , 1962–64
by Max ForanIn June of 1962, the Canadian Pacific Railway announced a proposal to redevelop part of its reserved land in the heart of downtown Calgary. In an effort to bolster its waning revenues and to redefine its urban presence, the CPR proposed a multimillion dollar development project that included retail, office, and convention facilities, along with a major transportation centre. With visions of enhanced tax revenues, increased land values, and new investment opportunities, Calgary’s political and business leaders greeted the proposal with excitement. Over the following year, the scope of the project expanded, growing to a scale never before seen in Canada. The plan took official form through an agreement between the City of Calgary and the railway company to develop a much larger area of land and to reroute or remove the railway tracks from the downtown area—a grand design for reshaping Calgary’s urban core. In 1964, amid bickering and a failed negotiating process, the project came to an abrupt end. What caused this promising partnership between the nation’s leading corporation and the burgeoning city of Calgary to collapse? What, in economic terms, was perceived to be a win-win situation for both parties fell prey to a conflict between corporate rigidity and an unorganized, ill-informed, and over-enthusiastic civic administration and city council. Drawing on the private records of Rod Sykes, the CPR’s onsite negotiator and later Calgary’s mayor, Foran unravels the fascinating story of how politics ultimately undermined promise.
Development Dilemmas: The Methods And Political Ethics Of Growth Policy (Routledge Studies in Development Economics #Vol. 41)
by Don Ross Melvin AyoguIt is widely believed that economic development in much of the world is not happening quickly enough. Indeed, the standard of living in some parts of the world has actually been declining. Many experts now doubt that the solution can be purely technical and economic; it must also be political and moral. This book brings together contributions from leading authorities, such as Joseph Stiglitz, Jean-Jacques Laffont and Daniel Hausman, on economics and political philosophy to survey current barriers to growth, including problems with policy and problems with concepts and thinking. Getting policies right, the contributors stress, is a complicated task in itself, but it also may not be enough; instead, people in both the developed and developing worlds may also need to reconsider basic and time-worn beliefs about facts, values, the measurement of data, rights, needs and the nature of government. Of interest to economics and policy makers, Development Dilemmas is a long-awaited addition to the debate over economics and political philosophy in the developing world.
Development Discourse and Global History: From colonialism to the sustainable development goals (Routledge Explorations in Development Studies)
by Aram ZiaiThe manner in which people have been talking and writing about ‘development’ and the rules according to which they have done so have evolved over time. Development Discourse and Global History uses the archaeological and genealogical methods of Michel Foucault to trace the origins of development discourse back to late colonialism and notes the significant discontinuities that led to the establishment of a new discourse and its accompanying industry. This book goes on to describe the contestations, appropriations and transformations of the concept. It shows how some of the trends in development discourse since the crisis of the 1980s – the emphasis on participation and ownership, sustainable development and free markets – are incompatible with the original rules and thus lead to serious contradictions. The Eurocentric, authoritarian and depoliticizing elements in development discourse are uncovered, whilst still recognizing its progressive appropriations. The author concludes by analysing the old and new features of development discourse which can be found in the debate on Sustainable Development Goals and discussing the contribution of discourse analysis to development studies. This book is aimed at researchers and students in development studies, global history and discourse analysis as well as an interdisciplinary audience from international relations, political science, sociology, geography, anthropology, language and literary studies.
Development Disparities in India
by Arpita Banerjee Pravat Kumar KuriThis book highlights the development disparities in India and considers three complex areas of development - economic wellbeing, human progress and agricultural development - over a period of forty years since the 1970s. The novelty of the book lies in is its rich analytical foundation and the use of sophisticated statistical and economic tools to determine the causes of socioeconomic disparity between Indian states. The trends of inequality, polarization and disparity are highlighted with regard to income, human development indicators and agricultural production and productivity. The book also identifies the factors underlying divergence in economic and social activity in India and provides policy suggestions for bringing about more balanced and inclusive development in India.
Development Economics
by Debraj RayThe study of development in low-income countries is attracting more attention around the world than ever before. Yet until now there has been no comprehensive text that incorporates the huge strides made in the subject over the past decade. Development Economics does precisely that in a clear, rigorous, and elegant fashion.Debraj Ray, one of the most accomplished theorists in development economics today, presents in this book a synthesis of recent and older literature in the field and raises important questions that will help to set the agenda for future research. He covers such vital subjects as theories of economic growth, economic inequality, poverty and undernutrition, population growth, trade policy, and the markets for land, labor, and credit. A common point of view underlies the treatment of these subjects: that much of the development process can be understood by studying factors that impede the efficient and equitable functioning of markets. Diverse topics such as the new growth theory, moral hazard in land contracts, information-based theories of credit markets, and the macroeconomic implications of economic inequality come under this common methodological umbrella.The book takes the position that there is no single cause for economic progress, but that a combination of factors--among them the improvement of physical and human capital, the reduction of inequality, and institutions that enable the background flow of information essential to market performance--consistently favor development. Ray supports his arguments throughout with examples from around the world. The book assumes a knowledge of only introductory economics and explains sophisticated concepts in simple, direct language, keeping the use of mathematics to a minimum.Development Economics will be the definitive textbook in this subject for years to come. It will prove useful to researchers by showing intriguing connections among a wide variety of subjects that are rarely discussed together in the same book. And it will be an important resource for policy-makers, who increasingly find themselves dealing with complex issues of growth, inequality, poverty, and social welfare.
Development Economics
by Gérard RolandGerard Roland's new text, Development Economics, is the first undergraduate text to recognize the role of institutions in understanding development and growth. Through a series of chapters devoted to specific sets of institutions, Roland examines the effects of institutions on growth, property rights, market development, and the delivery of public goods and services and focuses. With the most comprehensive and up to date treatment of institutions on development, Roland explores the important questions of why some countries develop faster than others and why some fail while others are successful.