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Development for Sustainable Agriculture: The Brazilian Cerrado
by Akio Hosono Carlos Magno Campos da Rocha Yutaka HongoSince the mid-1970s, the tropical savanna, known as Cerrado, has been transformed into one of the world's largest grain-growing regions. This book explores how and by what Brazil achieved inclusive and sustainable growth in the Cerrado.
Development from Within: Survival in Rural Africa (Routledge Revivals)
by Fiona Mackenzie D. R. F. TaylorThe decade of 1980s was one of crisis for Africa. Neither African governments nor development agencies made a significant impact on the quality of life of rural people. The enormous range of contexts in Africa — social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental — limits the value of the search for universal solutions to endemic problems. First published in 1992, Development from Within examines an alternative framework, arguing for flexibility and specificity. The authors use case studies to explore the complex social relationships of power — from the household to the state. They argue for the knowledge and skill of African people and illustrate the diverse means by which men and women in rural Africa struggle to survive.This book will be a beneficial read for students and researchers of African studies, development studies, economics, and sociology.
Development in Coastal Zones and Disaster Management (Disaster Research and Management Series on the Global South)
by Amita Singh Nivedita P. Haran R. Lalitha. S. FernandoIn the last two decades, coastal regions have relatively endured some of the fiercest oceanic and geophysical disasters than the earlier decades. Yet, disaster management governance fails to match the human, nonhuman and environmental calamity which is unfolding in its most frequent and unpredictable pattern. Between the Asian Tsunami of 2004 to the devastating Chennai and Kerala floods of 2018 the socio-industrial-livelihood impact alerts governments towards a greater and more serious compliance to laws for coastal conservation. The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) in 2018 had shocking statistics to share as the deaths and damages related to only Tsunami disaster at the coasts to 251,770 and US$280 billions respectively in the last 20 years (1998-2017) as compared to 998 and US$ 2.7 billion in the previous 20 years (1978-1997). Coastal conservation is no more a question of casual governance but has become a need for survival. The region of South Asia which ranks much higher in its vulnerability, weak resilience and relatively undersupplied governance structures ought to take this responsibility on a priority. The spirit of Hyogu Declaration and the Sendai Framework for Action suggests preparedness and resilience building as key approach areas in coastal governance. The book is incomparable in its holistic and transdisciplinary social science based approach to disaster management which links conservation of marine flora and fauna, ecosystems and land management with decision making processes and coastal regulations. These grass root findings from the subcontinent are substantiated by a section on the most powerful court battle on the Kerala Floods as a guideline for readers to discerningly identify an ‘Act of God’ often used as a veil to hide lack of preparedness, apathy and political greed. This book becomes indispensable reading for anyone involved in research, administration or any level of decision making for the mitigation and prevention of disasters.
Development in India
by S. Mahendra Dev P. G. BabuThis book examines various facets of the development process such as aid, poverty, caste networks, corruption, and judicial activism. It explores the efficiency of and distributional issues related to agriculture, and the roles of macro models and financial markets, with a special emphasis on bubbles, liquidity traps and experimental markets. The importance of finite changes in trade and development, as well as that of information technology and issues related to energy and ecosystems, including sustainability and vulnerability, are analyzed. The book presents papers that were commissioned for the Silver Jubilee celebrations at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR). The individual contributions address related development problems, ensuring a homogeneous reading experience and providing a thorough synthesis and understanding of the authors' research areas. The reader will be introduced to various aspects of development thought by leading and contemporary researchers. As such, the book represents an important addition to the literature on economic thought by leading scholars, and will be of great value to graduate students and researchers in the fields of development studies, political economy and economics in general.
Development in Latin America: Critical Discussions from the Periphery
by Víctor Ramiro Fernández Gabriel BrondinoThis edited volume discusses the development theory advanced by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in the 1940s, and its transformations through the second half of the twentieth century. In this time frame, the authors identify two approaches: structuralism (1950-1980) and neo-structuralism (1980-onwards). The contributors describe the transition in terms of economic theory and policy; the conceptualization of the State; and the consideration of space on regional and global scales. They argue that structuralism is still relevant for understanding the current problems of development if a careful and appropriate recovery and update of its main ideas and concepts is made in relation to the current context of globalization and internationalization of production and finance.
Development in Malaysia: Poverty, Wealth and Trusteeship (Routledge Revivals)
by Ozay MehmetFirst published in 1986, the Malaysian economy has grown remarkably since 1970 but despite this poverty is still widespread. This book examines the record of economic development in Malaysia over this period and evaluates the success of the New Economic Policy. In particular it examines the merits of the trusteeship strategy in its aim to eradicate poverty and in socioeconomimc restructuring.
Development in Practice: Paved with good intentions (Routledge Revivals)
by Doug Porter Bryant Allen Gaye ThompsonThe Magarini Settlement Project in Kenya is typical of many large Third World rural development projects of recent years, not least in its failure to fulfil even minimum goals. First published in 1991, Development in Practice explores the reasons for this projects failure, and looks at the lessons to be learned from this experience for development in general. Challenging many assumptions and approaches, its provocative conclusions will generate much interest amongst development practitioners.
Development in Turbulent Times: The Many Faces of Inequality Within Europe
by Paul DobrescuThis open access book explores the most recent trends in the EU in terms of development, progress, and performance. Ten years after the 2008 economic crisis, and amidst a digital revolution that is intensifying the development race, the European Union, and especially Central and Eastern Europe, are ardently searching for their development priorities.Against this background, by relying on a cross-national perspective, the authors reflect upon the developmental challenges of the moment, such as sustainable development, reducing inequality, ensuring social cohesion, and driving the digital revolution. They particularly focus on the relation between the less-developed Eastern part of the EU and its more developed Western counterpart, and discuss the consequences of this development gap in detail.Lastly, the book presents a range of case studies from different areas of governance, such as economy and commerce, health services, education, migration and public opinion in order to investigate the trends most likely to impact the European Union's medium and long-term development.
Development in the Third World: From Policy Failure to Policy Reform
by Kempe Ronald Hope, Sr.First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
Development of Accounting and Auditing Systems in China (Routledge Revivals)
by Xu-Dong JiThis title was first published in 2001: In 1979, China opened the door to the West and implemented a series of economic reforms that led the accounting system to depart from the Soviet model. This book investigates the development of Chinese accounting in a broad social, economic and cultural environment and analyzes the environmental influences on the development of accounting in China. Including the latest accounting systems, which have to date received little scholarly attention, this cutting-edge analysis makes a worthy addition to a growing area of research.
Development of Capitalistic Enterprise in India
by Daniel Houston BuchananFirst Published in 1966. Any person who resides in any one of the principal oriental countries is bound to stimulate a western mind to consider the differences between his own and eastern civilizations, and the reasons for these differences. During a dozen years as an economist in Japan, India and China, a number of conclusions which the author first formed tentatively have gradually become convictions. One of these is that if economic forces play the important part in western countries which most thoughtful people attribute to them, they must be even more important in the Orient, because of the greater pressure of population upon the natural resources in those countries. A second is that many of the striking differences between occidental and oriental cultures are adaptations of the same human clay to differing economic conditions. Since the opening and settlement of the New World, the West has been pressed in a new mould, leaving the East of to-day in a medieval cast. A third is that detailed studies of the evolutionary movements now in process in several eastern countries would throw very useful light upon the origins and nature of the competitive system which has characterized the modern economic history of the West. This volume fills the need for fuller understanding of India’s economic changes, especially those having to do with the growth of capitalistic enterprise, led the government of India to institute a remarkable series of investigations into several aspects of Indian life.
Development of China's Financial Supervision and Regulation
by Bin Hu Zhentao Yin Liansheng ZhengChina's financial regulatory system is crucial to the global economy, but is little understood. This book surveys and explicates the current status, the development, and planned reform of the Chinese financial supervision and regulatory system in a systematic way. From the shadow banking system to commercial banking, securities and the foreign exchange regime, the authors shed light on the different moving parts of the system; meanwhile, they show how reforms have changed the system in recent years, whether in free-trade zones, the Shanghai-Hong Kong stock market connection, or in the registration mechanisms required for new IPOs. The editors and authors are from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the China Banking Regulatory Committee, the China Securities Regulatory Committee and other leading academic and policy organizations.
Development of Circular Economy in China
by Bin Wu Hong Wang Jianguo Qi Jingxing Zhao Wenjun Li Xushu PengThis book presents a detailed background to the circular economy in China, explores government measures to promote it in China's market economy, and introduces the supporting laws and policies. The book goes on to describe, from a technology perspective, successful circular economy practices in sectors such as agriculture, iron and steel, cement, coal-fired power, chemistry, paper manufacturing and city mineral. This book sheds some light on what China has done and achieved to change the mode of economic development in order to minimize its negative impacts on resources and the environment. Readers will learn from and be inspired by China's circular economy practices. Industrializing countries can also draw on China's experiences to solve their own problems, enabling them to make their economic development resource-saving and more environmentally friendly. If this is achieved, this book can be considered a modest contribution to the sustainability of human society.
Development of Consumer Finance in East Asia
by Guogang Wang, Gang Zeng and Xuan XiaoyingThis book is distinctive among current studies on this topic. The Chinese economy has entered a period of transformation, which has brought changes to the finance market and consumer habits. For a long time, topics such as monetary policy, reform, financial risks and so forth have been the focus. But there have been few studies of those aspects of the consumer finance market that are directly related to private consumption. Studies on this topic, to which this book contributes, are necessary for understanding the current economic situation in China.This is a full-scale comparative study of consumer finance in China, Japan and South Korea, and will draw lessons for China in this area from the experience of the other two countries.
Development of Economic Analysis
by Ingrid H. RimaThe Development of Economic Analysis traces the development of economic theory from Plato through to contemporary thought. All the major movements are covered and presented here in six chronological parts. The text includes a number of practical features: * a 'family tree' at the beginning of each section, illustrating how the key streams and people connect and develop, accompanied by a list of key publications for that period * integrated selections of readings from the major works enable reference to original sources * The subject matter is divided to allow individual users to follow their preferences. The text also includes guidelines for use on a one semester course. * Each part ends with a summary and questions to discuss, along with glossaries and suggestions for further reading The result is a valuable aid to the study of economic thought and encourages students to examine the relevance to contemporary theory.
Development of Economic Analysis
by Ingrid H. RimaThis is the sixth edition of a textbook that has been instrumental in introducing a generation of students to the history of economic thought. It charts the development of economics from its establishment as an analytical discipline in the eighteenth century through to the late twentieth century. The book discusses the work of, amongst others: Ricardo, Malthus, Marx, Walras, Marshall and Keynes as well as the institutionalists, the Chicago School and the emergence of econometrics. This edition has been fully revised and updated and includes:* chronologies of the key dates in the development of economics* extracts from original texts* an examination of how the study of the history of economic thought impinges upon modern thinking.
Development of Economic Analysis 7th Edition
by Ingrid H. RimaNow in its seventh edition, Ingrid Rima's classic textbook charts the development of the discipline from the classical age of Plato and Aristotle, through the middle ages to the first flowering of economics as a distinct discipline - the age of Petty, Quesnay and Smith - to the era of classical economics and the marginalist revolution. The book then goes on to offer extensive coverage of the twentieth century - the rise of Keynesianism, econometrics, the Chicago School and the neoclassical paradigm. The concluding chapters analyze the birth of late twentieth century developments such as game theory, experimental economics and competing schools of economic thought. This text includes a number of practical features: a "family tree" at the beginning of each section, illustrating how the different developments within economics are interlinked the inclusion of readings from the original key texts a summary and questions to discuss, along with glossaries and suggestions for further reading This book provides the clearest, most readable guide to economic thought that exists and encourages students to examine the relevance of the discipline's history to contemporary theory.
Development of Integrated Reporting in the SME Sector: Case Studies from European Countries (CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance)
by Joanna Dyczkowska Andrea Szirmai Madarasine Adriana Tiron-TudorThis book examines on an international basis how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) cope with the changing economic and social challenges, which are also reflected in financial and non-financial reporting. To this end, it presents six case studies from Germany, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Italy, and the United Kingdom, with a particular focus on integrated reporting (IR). The cases presented are drawn from collaborative research within the international network of INTEREST, an international project on integrated reporting for SME transparency. The book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners.
Development of Procedures and Technical Manuals for the Marine and Offshore Industries (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Alexander Arnfinn Olsen Fidaa KarkoriThis book is devoted to the development of procedures and technical manuals for the marine and offshore industries, providing a comprehensive guide to creating clear, effective instructional materials. At the heart of this book is the matter of safety and environmental considerations, ensuring that all documentation aligns with current practices, policies, and regulatory requirements. The chapters cover topics such as the role of instructional materials, writing techniques, the use of graphics, and the processes for verifying, validating, approving, certifying, and implementing these materials. The authors present an expert analysis of how well-written administrative, regulatory, operating, emergency, maintenance, and routine duty procedures can enhance productivity and reduce accidents. Readers will also discover practical insights into managing instructional materials within safety programs. This book is essential for engineers and professionals tasked with developing technical manuals and texts in safety-critical industries. It serves as a valuable reference for academics and students in industrial design and engineering, as well as a textbook for students of marine architecture. Offshore installation managers and senior safety management professionals will find this guide indispensable for ensuring consistency and quality control in their operations.
Development of Small-scale Industries During the New Order Government in Indonesia (Routledge Revivals)
by Tulus Tahi TambunanThis title was first published in 2000: As in many other LDCs, in Indonesia small-scale industries (SSIs) are important, particularly with respect to the creation of employment opportunities. SSIs are expected to absorb many millions of workers who have been displaced by current economic crisis. This work seeks to explain the pattern of development of SSIs in Indonesia within a broader theoretical framework. It also deals with a number of SSI development-related aspects that in Indonesia so far have never or rarely been studied, such as the formation of strategic alliance, cluster development, and application of theories of flexible specialization to the LDCs. The book also tries to examine empirically the effects of the current economic crisis and to assess theoretically the likely impact of the full implementation of the agreed IMF reform package on SSI development in the country. Main problems faced by small producers and the government policy environment are highlighted through several detailed examples.
Development of Smart Context-Aware Services for Cargo Transportation: An Operational Management Approach (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #330)
by Dalė Dzemydienė Aurelija Burinskienė Kristina Čižiūnienė Arūnas MiliauskasWith a focus on cargo transportation, this book addresses the development of approaches intended to secure an infrastructure of smart services to support the adaptive implementation of online multi-modal freight transport management processes. It discusses the development of multi-criteria decision-making components and their integration into the multi-layered computer-based information management of intelligent systems. Through detailed descriptions of various components of intelligent transport management systems, the book demonstrates how to develop the services needed in the right place and at the right time, and how to properly adapt to user needs, making necessary interventions to ensure the safety of the transportation process. Further, it describes the main ways to increase the autonomy and efficiency of user-vehicle interaction and shows how Information and Communications Technology (ICT) structural support for current and past situations in AI-based systems can help to anticipate future developments in freight transportation.
Development of Solar Cells: Theory and Experiment (Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics #32)
by Jerzy Leszczynski Supratik Kar Juganta K. RoyThis book presents a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concept, design, working protocols, and diverse photo-chemicals aspects of different solar cell systems with promising prospects, using computational and experimental techniques. It presents and demonstrates the art of designing and developing various solar cell systems through practical examples. Compared to most existing books in the market, which usually analyze existing solar cell approaches this volume provides a more comprehensive view on the field. Thus, it offers an in-depth discussion of the basic concepts of solar cell design and their development, leading to higher power conversion efficiencies. The book will appeal to readers who are interested in both fundamental and application-oriented research while it will also be an excellent tool for graduates, researchers, and professionals working in the field of photovoltaics and solar cell systems.
Development of Tourism and the Hospitality Industry in Southeast Asia
by Purnendu Mandal John VongThis book highlights the state-of-the-art tourism and hospitality industry in Southeast Asian countries, while also presenting future directions for the industry with an emphasis on decision-making models. It first elaborates on the significant role of the tourism and hospitality industry given the rapid socio-economic and cultural changes occurring in Southeast Asia, before providing perspectives on medical tourism, tourism for seniors and several other developments within the tourism and hospitality sector. Development of Tourism and the Hospitality Industry in Southeast Asia presents scholarly perspectives from researchers across the region and is geared towards world-wide readers in academia, as well as experts from the industry.
Development of World Trade in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study on the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation (Contributions to Economics)
by Jakub Horák Veronika Machová Valentina Vycheslavovna Mantulenko Tomáš KrulickýThis book examines the development of world trade during the COVID-19 pandemic, also taking international trade between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation into account as a case study. Using an advanced method of artificial neural networks, it evaluates a long time series and predicts the development of trade between the two countries. The book further analyzes the specifications of export items on both sides and the dependence of the Czech Republic on Russia in terms of raw materials, which is not sustainable. It discusses the need for a political and business consensus, as well as a long-term investment plan to address this issue. Finally, it sheds light on the Czech companies actively operating in Russia, especially in the engineering, automotive, energy, and food industry. The book predicts the future bilateral trade relations between the two countries and the expected decrease in the demand on the side of Russian customers.The book will appeal to students, scholars, and researchers of economics and finance in general, macro- and microeconomics, statistics, and trade analytics in particular, as well as professionals and international trade companies interested in a better understanding of world trade developments and the future trade scenarios between the Czech Republic and Russia.
Development of a Society on Wheels: Understanding the Rise of Automobile-dependency in China (Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path)
by Junxiu WangUsing quantitative research, this volume investigates the characteristics, problems and trends of the automobile society in China’s mega cities and large cities. It also addresses topics related to cars and cities, traffic safety and cars’ consumption.China has experienced more than 30 years of rapid economic development, and people's living conditions have greatly improved. One of the symbols of this is family-car ownership, which has increased year by year. China is rapidly becoming an automobile society like North America. But China has huge population and limited urban space, and most of the cities are deteriorating environmentally. Added to this are the low degree energy self-sufficiency and people’s lack of awareness of traffic rules, all of which have brought various social problems, such as traffic congestion, lack of parking spaces, air pollution, energy shortage and frequent accidents. The volume presents a series of studies examining the characteristics and problems of China's automobile society development from the perspective of sustainable development.The reports in the volume are both academic and highly readable, making it an interesting resource for researchers and general readers alike. It offers insights into the trends and problems of private cars in China, as well as observations on China’s social change through the unique medium of cars.