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Governing through Technology
by Jannis KallinikosInformation produced and disseminated by an interlocking ecology of computer-based systems and artifacts currently provides the essential means for planning organizational operations and controlling organizational performances. This book describes the vital importance that digital information acquires in restructuring organizations.
Government Auditing Standards and Single Audits 2019: Government Auditing Standards And Single Audits 2017 (AICPA Audit Guide)
by AICPANeed assistance in understanding and applying the special considerations required in a single audit? This 2019 Audit Guide is an indispensable resource for auditors performing Yellow Book and Uniform Guidance compliance audits. Based on Government Auditing Standards, 2011 Revision, this new edition provides up-to-date information and expert guidance on single audits and Uniform Guidance compliance audit requirements. It includes example auditor reports for both the reporting required under Government Auditing Standards and the Uniform Guidance compliance audit. Key features include: Understand the complexities of Government Auditing Standards, including the requirements related to auditor independence. Gain an understanding of the requirements for performing a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, including major program determination. Understand the unique audit areas related to a compliance audit of federal awards, including internal control over compliance for major programs. Properly report on the single audit using the illustrative auditor’s reports for both the financial statement audit performed under Government Auditing Standards and the compliance audit performed under the Uniform Guidance.
Government Austerity and Socioeconomic Sustainability
by P. K. RaoThis short book integrates the imperatives of public debt sustainability with those of socioeconomic sustainability in the context of budget austerity measures. It is argued that poverty, inequality and unemployment problems should be integral aspects of policy frameworks for austerity and fiscal stability. The economics of austerity in much of economic analysis remains narrowly focused and lopsided, since the implications on the role of human capital and loss of prosperity base are usually ignored. This book argues that various misapplications of policies of government austerity can be avoided if greater attention is accorded to the imperatives of maintaining the win-win approaches for socioeconomic resilience and sustainability in conjunction with debt sustainability and/or fiscal stability.
Government Budgeting and Expenditure Management: Principles and International Practice
by Salvatore Schiavo-CampoThe government budget should be the financial mirror of society's choices. Yet most people view budgeting as the epitome of eye-glazing subjects, rarely explained in a way that is understandable to the non-specialist and too often presented without adequate consideration of a country’s governance and institutional capacity. Government Budgeting and Expenditure Management fills a gap in the literature to redress these failings and does so in comparative international perspective. This book provides a comprehensive but pithy and easy-to-understand treatment of public financial management, taking into account a variety of special issues including budgeting in post-conflict situations, at subnational government levels, for military/security expenditures, and in countries with large extractive revenues. Distilling the lessons of budgeting reform in countries at different levels of income and administrative capacity, each chapter gradually progresses from the basic principles to the more technical aspects and then on to implementation issues, using concrete examples and illustrations from around the globe. Government Budgeting and Expenditure Management is ideally suited as the primary text for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses in government budgeting or public financial management, or as a supplementary text for courses in public finance, public economics, economic development, public administration or comparative politics. With its attention to practical implementation aspects, the book will also be of direct interest to practitioners, policy-makers, and government employee training organizations.
Government Contracting: Ethical Promises and Perils in Public Procurement (ASPA Series in Public Administration and Public Policy)
by William Sims CurryThrough three comprehensive editions, Government Contracting: Ethical Promises and Perils in Public Procurement has been lauded for exposing fraud, incompetence, waste, and abuse (FIWA) and analyzing corruption, mismanagement, and ineptitude that defile government contracting. The first two editions thoroughly outlined procurement throughout the contracting cycle including initial planning, evaluating proposals, contractor selection, contract administration, contract closeout, and auditing. They further provided much-needed guidance on contracting documents, management tools, and processes for addressing negative influences on government contracting. This third edition incorporates the results of a new nationwide study into best public procurement practice, as well as recent examples of real-world procurement fraud cases, offering recommendations for procurement practices to deter fraud. Public procurement tools such as requests for proposals, pro forma contracts, proposal evaluation forms, sole source justification and approval forms, and other useful tools including PowerPoint presentations are provided on a website to accompany the book. This textbook is aimed at postgraduate students and academics working in the fields of public administration, policy and procurement, along with public procurement professionals.
Government Deals are Funded, Not Sold: How to Incorporate Lobbying into Your Federal Sales Strategy
by Gene MoranAs identified by Bloomberg Government, the best-performing federal contractors all lobby Congress. We might guess that intuitively. The common perception of Washington, DC, as an insider's game, persists, and it makes sense that the winners lobby. However, focusing only on best-performing contractors limits the view of what unfolds through congressional lobbying or, more importantly, could unfold for even more companies—if they only recognized that they also have access to Congress. The tools of congressional influence are available to every company, yet the overwhelming majority of federal contractors eschew the opportunity to lobby Congress. Sadly, it’s not just that companies often don’t know how. It’s worse; they don’t know why lobbying Congress can be helpful. Defense represents the most significant portion of the federal budget annually reviewed and approved by Congress. As such, it's a valuable case study to understand what may contribute to a concentration of winners that garner federal contracts. Any company can learn by understanding more about lobbying in the defense industry. The inability or unwillingness to integrate lobbying into a sales strategy stems from hubris, ignorance, and lack of imagination. Thinking, "I've got this," and relying on their wits and narrow networks, too many defense executives struggle to gain real traction and consistently win large contracts. The result? The biggest winners aggregate at the top of the defense industrial base pyramid while the hundreds of thousands of "others" are left to wonder what just happened and why it’s so hard. This book focuses on those who do not lobby. It’s almost too easy to conclude the system is unfair, unlikely to change, and populated by well-connected insiders who move through the revolving door. Digging a little deeper, this book reveals that the real challenge to more democratized access to Congress is within our reach—if we could only see it!
Government Debts and Financial Markets in Europe (Financial History #5)
by Fausto Piola CaselliContains essays by historians of economic and financial history. It illuminates the relationships between government indebtedness and the development of financial markets in Europe from the late Middle Ages to the late twentieth century.
Government Digital: The Quest to Regain Public Trust
by Alex BenayGovernments the world over are consistently outpaced by digital change, and are falling behind. Digital government is a better performing government. It is better at providing services people and businesses need. Receiving benefits, accessing health records, registering companies, applying for licences, voting — all of this can be done online or through digital self-service. Digital technology makes government more efficient, reduces hassle, and lowers costs. But what will it take to make governments digital? Good governance will take nothing short of a metamorphosis of the public sector. With contributions from industry, academic, and government experts — including Hillary Hartley, chief digital officer for Ontario, and Salim Ismail, founder of Singularity University 7#8212; Government Digital lays down a blueprint for this radical change.
Government Finance Statistics Yearbook 2010
by International Monetary FundThe Government Finance Statistics Yearbook delivers statistical data on government financial operations for 133 IMF member countries in one definitive volume. Detailed annual data are presented on revenue, expense, net acquisition of nonfinancial assets, financing transactions, other economic flows as well as, balance sheet information; budgetary operations, extra- budgetary operations, social security, and consolidated financial operations of central governments; state governments, local governments, and the consolidated general government when available. All data conform to standards set forth in the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001, and are comparable from country to country. Institutional tables list information on government units. A section of the Government Finance Statistics Yearbook is devoted to a cross-country comparison of data.
Government Foresighted Leading: Theory and Practice of the World's Regional Economic Development (China Perspectives)
by Yunxian Chen Jianwei QiuOver the past several decades of reform and opening up to the outside world, remarkable economic growth has been achieved in China and has drawn considerable world attention. The question of how to explain that phenomenon and the road China has taken towards its modernization have been the focus of attention from worldwide economists and experts. This book attempts to explore China's economy from the perspective of government foresighted leading which gives full play to government functions, particularly those of regional governments. On the one hand, government foresighted leading enables government to exercise foresighted leading by means of foundations, mechanisms and regulations of market economy. On the other hand, it could reduce government malfunction and minimize the cost of remedying defects. Government foresighted leading theory is an important innovation and contribution to the theoretical configuration of economics. It not only offers an explanation of China's continuous economic growth, but further classifies economics into microeconomics, macroeconomics and mezzoeconomics which includes regional economics, industrial economics or structural economics, supplementing the traditional microeconomics and macroeconomics system.
Government Incentives for Innovation and Entrepreneurship: An International Experience (Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management)
by Marina Ranga Binh Tran-Nam Mahmoud M. Abdellatif Sabina HodžićThis book examines the role of government fiscal and non-fiscal incentives in spurring innovation and entrepreneurship in developed and developing economies. It explores and examines the role of government programs in different stages of firm growth pre-startup, startup, and scale-up. By developing a theoretical framework and reviewing international evidence, the book identifies the best combination of government incentives to stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship, and provides concrete policy recommendations for decision-makers. Some of the issues tackled in this book include national innovation policy, innovation support programs, effectiveness of the support, challenges associated with the programs, risk-sharing and partnerships for innovation. This book is of interest to academics, students, practitioners, policymakers, governmental and non-governmental organizations as well as other stakeholders who wants to be informed about the challenges, progress and current trend in stimulating innovation and entrepreneurship.
Government Intervention in the Reorganisation of Listed Companies in China
by Huimiao ZhaoAs a comprehensive empirical study on the bankruptcy re-organisations of listed companies in China, this book examines the re-organisation of fifty-three listed companies entering bankruptcy between 2007 and 2018. It features raw data from thousands of public announcements of listed companies, helping to present a precise panorama of bankruptcy law in China. The author discusses the nature, extent and appropriateness of government intervention in bankruptcies of listed companies. It also examines the effects of bankruptcy institutions established by the bankruptcy laws to constrain government intervention. The findings suggest that such laws have been inadequate to prevent government intervention. In fact, the biggest obstacle to the smooth implementation of China's reorganisation system is government intervention, one distinct characteristic of the socialist market economy. The book will have broader relevance in terms of informing the debate concerning the government's continuing intervention in economic activity in China.
Government Managing Risk: Income Contingent Loans for Social and Economic Progress (Routledge Studies in Business Organizations and Networks #Vol. 40)
by Bruce ChapmanHigher education rates are increasing throughout the Western world, yet at the same time, government budgets face increasing constraints. This has ensured that the importance of student support is recognized in many countries. In recent years there has been a world-wide movement towards the use of income contingent loans (ICL) for higher education. ICLs are now used in six countries following the Australian innovation of 1989, with the governments of many more countries looking very seriously at the model. This impressive new book by Bruce Chapman analyzes ICLs (particularly their use in supporting students), exploring the experiences of a number of other countries adopting them. Chapman presents analysis of a number of disparate case studies to illustrate how ICLs can aid risk management policy reforming in both progressive and administratively feasible ways. This book describes, examines and promotes an exciting new role for the public sector as a manager of risk, and argues that ICLs have enormous potential to change the extent and nature of social and economic activities. With the author's experience in the design and implementation of the Australian student financial support schemes, this is a knowledgeable, informative and enlightening book that will be useful to researchers, students and policy-makers alike.
Government Policies and the Delayed Economic Recovery
by John B. Taylor Ian Wright Lee E. OhanianThis book examines the reasons for the unprecedented weak recovery following the recent US recession and explores the possibility that government economic policy is the problem. Drawing on empirical research that looks at issues from policy uncertainty to increased regulation, the volume offers a broad-based assessment of how government policies are slowing economic growth and provides a framework for understanding how those policies should change to restore prosperity in America.
Government Policy and Program Impacts on Technology Development, Transfer, and Commercialization: International Perspectives
by Kimball Marshall William PiperIn recent decades, government-funded technologies have produced radar, microwave ovens, modern cell phone systems, the Internet, new materials for aircraft and motor vehicles, and new medical instrumentation. This first-of-its-kind book examines how access to technology is affected by government policies and government-sponsored programs.Government Policy and Program Impacts on Technology Development, Transfer, and Commercialization: International Perspectives provides an easy-to-read overview of the field and several studies serving as examples to guide government policymakers and private sector decision makers. This forward-looking book also forecasts the potential impacts of government regulation upon the field and presents provocative discussions of the ethical implications of the cross-cultural and cross-national challenges facing technologically developed nations in the global economy.This book reviews this broad field by first providing an overview of the goals of government technology policies and programs as well as of generic types of government technology programs. Next, it presents carefully selected studies that illustrate the potential impacts of government decisions upon marketing constraints, industry acceptance of regulatory requirements, economic development, gross domestic product, and the choices firms make when it comes to location, competitiveness, product development, and other factors. The final chapters explore ethical considerations from a global perspective. These chapters also explore the implications of these considerations in relation to the success of governmental and private sector technology transfer and commercialization programs. The macromarketing perspective taken by the contributors serves to ground the impacts of government technology policies and programs in practical implications for economic development, business productivity, and quality of life. The contributors to this unique collection share their expertise on government sponsorship of technology research, the impact of government regulation upon technology marketing and economic development, the effects of government policies on business practices, intellectual property rights, and much more.Government Policy and Program Impacts on Technology Development, Transfer, and Commercialization shows how evolving technology and government policy changes have affected: the commercialization of music-new media, piracy problems, consumer choices and costs, and changes in the radio and concert promotion industries the adoption of new household technology licensure requirements for telemedicine-with an essential overview of telemedicine plus examinations of relevant governmental regulations and potential applications patents, copyrights, trademarks, licensing, and proprietary information scrap tire disposal-new alternatives for a chronic waste disposal problem food product development state-owned enterprises-with a case study illustrating how a stagnant state-owned company quickly evolved into China&’s leading firm in the textile machinery field
Government Regulation and the Legal Environment of Business
by Jethro K. Lieberman Don Mayer Daniel M. Warner George J. SiedelMayer, Warner, Siedel and Lieberman's Government Regulation and the Legal Environment of Business is an up-to-date textbook that covers legal issues that students must understand in today’s highly regulated business environment. The text is organized to permit instructors to tailor the materials to their particular approach. The authors take special care to engage students by relating law to everyday events with their clear, concise and readable style.
Government Responses to Crisis (Mercatus Studies in Political and Social Economy)
by Virgil Henry Storr Stefanie HaeffeleWhen crises occur, citizens, media and policymakers alike expect government to respond and to take a leading role in recovery. Given the scale and scope of crises, whether natural (such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes), manmade (such as conflict and economic downturns), or often a combination of the two, governments are often seen as being in the best position to identify the problems, understand the circumstances, and direct action. They are also likely to be the entities that have adequate resources to devote to such large-scale efforts. Yet, governments are not spared from the effects of crises. They are composed of individuals who are impacted by disasters and face many of the same challenges in identifying needs, prioritizing action, and adjusting to changing circumstances. It is by no surprise that governments are also often scrutinized during and after crises. How, then, do we understand the capability of and proper role for governments to respond to crisis and to drive recovery? This edited volume—comprised of chapters by accomplished scholars and seasoned practitioners in disaster and crises studies and management, spanning multiple disciplines including sociology, economics, and public administration—examines the roles, expectations, and capabilities of government responses to crises. It gives an overview of the literature, provides lessons learned from both research and experience on the ground during crises, and puts forth a framework for understanding crisis management and subsequent policy implications. It will be of use to any scholars, students, practitioners or policymakers interested in learning from and better preparing for crises and responding when they do occur.
Government Size and Output Volatility: Should We Forsake Automatic Stabilization?
by Xavier Debrun Jean Pisani-Ferry André SapirA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Government Spending on Health Care and Education in Croatia: Efficiency and Reform Options
by Etibar Jafarov Victoria GunnarssonA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Government Support to Agricultural Insurance
by Olivier Mahul Charles J. StutleyGovernments in developing countries have been increasingly involved in the support of agricultural (crop and livestock) insurance programs in recent years. In their attempts to design and implement agricultural insurance, they have sought technical and financial assistance from the international community and particularly from the World Bank. One of the recurrent requests from governments regards international experience with agricultural insurance, not only in developed countries, where in some cases agricultural insurance has been offered for more than a century, but also in middleand low-income countries. Governments are particularly interested in the technical, operational, financial, and institutional aspects of public support to agricultural insurance. 'Government Support to Agricultural Insurance' informs public and private decision makers involved in agricultural insurance about recent developments, with a particular focus on middle- and low-income countries. It presents an updated picture of the spectrum of institutional frameworks and experiences with agricultural insurance, ranging from countries in which the public sector provides no support to those in which governments heavily subsidize agricultural insurance. This analysis is based on a survey conducted by the World Bank's agricultural insurance team in 2008 in 65 developed and developing countries. Drawing on the survey results, the book identifies some key roles governments can play to support the development of sustainable, affordable, and cost-effective agricultural insurance programs.
Government Transparency: State of the Art and New Perspectives (Elements in Public Policy)
by Albert Meijer Gregory Porumbescu Stephan GrimmelikhuijsenThis Element argues that to understand why transparency “works” in one context, but fails in another, we have to take into account how institutional (macro), organizational (meso) contexts interact with individual behavior (micro). A review of research from each of these perspectives shows that the big promises thought to accompany greater transparency during the first two decades of the 20th century have not been delivered. For example, transparency does not necessarily lead to better government performance and more trust in government. At the same time, transparency is still a hallmark of democratic governance and as this book highlights, for instance, transparency has been relatively successful in combating government corruption. Finally, by explicitly taking a multilayered perspective into account, this Element develops new paths for future research.
Government Unions and the Bankrupting of America
by Daniel DisalvoGovernment-workers unions have been political juggernauts in the U.S. since the unseen collective-bargaining-rights revolution of the 1960s and '70s. These unions are different and more powerful than those that battle owners and managers in the private sector. To advance their interests, unions in the public sector have created cartels with their political allies, mostly in the Democratic Party, to the exclusion of the taxpaying public.In this Broadside, Daniel DiSalvo shows us how this government takeover happened and tells us what can be done to protect the public interest. The fiscal consequences have already proven dire and threaten the long-term power and prestige of the United States on the world stage.
Government and Economic Growth in the 21st Century: A Classical Liberal Response (Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy)
by Juan E. CastañedaThis book offers an alternative view of the economy – and indeed, society – that does not rely on an ever-expanding government to address the problems which individuals typically face during their lives.The book is a Classical Liberal response to the way leading economies have been (mis)managed in the last three decades and the principles and models that have guided such policies, particularly since the outbreak of the Global Financial Crisis in 2007–09, which has resulted in enlarged government deficits and public debt, as well as more intrusive government regulation and virtually no economic growth. The book does not only criticise the current dominant view which favours ever-growing governments but also puts forward an alternative set of policies and institutions compatible with long-term growth in a free(er) economy. The book is structured around three major themes: (1) what classical liberalism is (or should be) and why it still matters, (2) how state-sponsored capitalism hinders the well-functioning of the market economy as well as being a bad recipe for economic growth and individual freedom, and (3) which are the essential Classical Liberal institutions necessary for a free market economy to flourish.This volume will be accessible not only to specialists in the subject but also to a well-informed audience interested in current economic issues, the role of government in the economy, and how history, traditions, the political system, and economics shape the institutions that help us to explain how markets function and their outcomes.
Government and Economies in the Postwar World: Economic Policies and Comparative Performance, 1945-85
by Anthony Seldon Andrew GrahamThe chance to begin anew seldom occurs. Yet the nearly complete breakdown of the world economy between 1939 and 1945, together with the dominant position of the United States at the end of the war, provided just this opportunity. A new international economic order was built on the ruins of the old. How this happened - and the role of government in economic performance - is the subject of this important and timely book. Written by political scientists, contemporary historians and economists, it includes ten country studies covering all the major industrialized nations in the West: the USA, USSR, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Eastern Europe, and Scandinavia. In each chapter readers will find information on the main objectives and instruments of economic policy, the institutional framework, where the country started from at the end of the war, and a summary of what happened thereafter both in terms of policies and outcomes. Each chapter also contains data on the country's economic performance, a list of selected dates of important events, and a guide to further reading. The book begins with an overview of the sytem of international trade and payments since the war, and ends with five commentaries drawing attention to contrasts and similarities between the nations. The commentaries feature David Henderson, Head of the Economics Division of the OECD, on the overall economic performance, Charles Feinstein on the influence of different starting points, David Marquand on the effect of different political and institutional structures, and Sidney Pollard on economic policies and traditions. Learning from other countries' experience as well as understanding how they see their own problems is increasingly important with 1992, glasnost', and the problem of international policy coordination between the USA, Japan, and Germany so high on the agenda. No other book provides such a wide-ranging account of how the industrialized world came to be where it is today.