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India’s Pursuit of Energy Security: Domestic Measures, Foreign Policy and Geopolitics
by Ashok SharmaThis book is a comprehensive examination of the dynamics of India’s energy security policy in the domestic and international context. Over the past decade and a half, energy security has been a constant driver of India’s foreign policy. Successive Indian governments have emphasized it as a major concern, next only to food security. The long-term satisfaction of India’s energy security needs calls for a fresh and multi-pronged approach. This is imperative in the light of the recent dynamics of India’s foreign policy and the challenges that India is facing in its quest for energy security, mainly in the context of diversification of sources abroad and shift to alternative sources in a carbon-controlled environment. This is further intensified in the context of the complex and competitive strategic rivalry between India and China in the Indo-Pacific region, as India looks outward and expands its outreach to meet its pressing energy security challenges. The book presents an in-depth analysis of all such domestic and foreign policy challenges and measures to meet India’s fast-growing energy demand in a competitive geopolitical environment.
India’s Quest for Energy Through Oil and Natural Gas: Trade and Investment, Geopolitics, and Security
by Sanjay Kumar PradhanThis book analyzes energy security through the lens of oil and natural gas and explains how geopolitics and security challenges affect India’s quest for energy security. It also offers insights into India’s international trade and investment in the overseas oil and natural gas markets and discusses shale energy, adopting region-specific (Africa, West Asia, Central Asia, and LAC), country-specific (Russia and the US), maritime-specific (Arctic and South China Sea), and pipeline-specific (TAPI, MBI, IPI, and RCI) approaches to analyze India’s oil and natural gas trade and investment abroad. The introductory chapter examines energy perspectives in international relations and conceptualizes energy geopolitics and energy security from both international and Indian standpoints. The book also highlights the similarities and differences in the issues involved in the global oil and natural gas market, and India’s approach to these, offering a roadmap for holistic and integrated energy security through oil and natural gas. Since India’s energy trade and investment in the international oil and natural gas market are not free from the effects of political instability, corruption, environment crisis, militancy, terrorism, war, and geopolitical involvement and interference, the book investigates the nature and extent of the security threats and competition India faces in the oil and natural gas-producing countries while pursuing its trade and investments there. As major sources of energy, oil and natural gas are strategic assets, and energy security is one of the core areas of India’s foreign policy pursuits. As such, the chapters critically assess India’s energy policy and resource diplomacy, providing analyses of the issues raised, identifying the central arguments and presenting existing cooperations – with past examples where necessary. The book appeals to scholars and policymakers active in the fields of energy, political science, international relations, economics, foreign policy, peace and conflict, security and geopolitics, as well as non-experts interested in this topic.
India’s Role in the Indian Ocean Region in the 21st Century: Maritime Governance Perspective
by Tomasz ŁukaszukThe book explores India’s role as a normative power, with solid credentials based on a long history of thalassic experience of states of South India. It examines how India has been interpreting international law and rules for the exploitation of living and non-living resources in her way.The book presents an analysis of India’s activities in four key areas of maritime governance and a description of its roles in the Indian Ocean Region. It highlights India as a maritime security and sustainable maritime development model alternative to the Chinese. The volume also showcases a holistic, interdisciplinary picture of India’s maritime policy and thoroughly explains its historical and semiotic background. Further, it discusses India’s endeavours as a new version of the ASEAN+ cooperation model combined with the US hub and spoke system adapted to new time and place conditions.Researchers interested in India, the Indian Ocean, and maritime affairs in general would find the book informative and systematising knowledge about maritime governance in the Indian Ocean Region. The book will be useful to students, researchers, and teachers from the departments of international relations, political science, economics, public policy and administration, and defence studies. It will especially be a useful read for diplomats, policy analysts, think tank members, and those interested in international law of the sea and maritime research centres. It also offers practical insights for those interested in Indian foreign policy, the Indian Ocean Region, and maritime governance in general and scholars researching the role of states in international relations, the instruments of foreign policies of emerging powers in the Global South, and the maritime strategies of developing countries.
India’s Social and Economic Transformation in the 21st Century
by Amaresh Dubey Sonalde Desai Pallavi ChoudhuriThis book provides a comprehensive analysis of India’s social and economic transformation in the decades leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic and explores both resilience and vulnerabilities in Indian society. It provides an in-depth look into diverse aspects of how Indians live, earn a living and care for their children by examining vital indicators such as poverty, malnutrition, health and marriage and family relationships, among others. Analysing the data from the India Human Development Surveys, it presents a complex picture of India’s transformation and large economic and educational gains, while exploring the reasons why these have not translated into social transformation of a similar magnitude. The volume also describes the backdrop against which the COVID-19 pandemic crippled the Indian economy. In effect, it foreshadows the challenges that need to be addressed on the road to recovery. It argues that in order to reduce the scarring and ensure recovery for all, it will be important to focus on the underlying conditions faced by the most vulnerable sections of the Indian society as policymakers seek to effectively tend to issues of socio-economic inequality and marginalisation in the long run. Rich in data and analysis, this book will be useful for scholars and researchers of economics, political economy, sociology and development studies.
India’s Urban Housing and Poverty: Feasible and Sustainable Housing Development Interventions
by M. MahadevaIndia is undoubtedly urbanizing, especially since 1991. But many urban families have been facing housing poverty and struggling to access safe drinking water, electricity, sanitation and other basic amenities. India’s Urban Housing and Poverty: Feasible and Sustainable Housing Development Interventions covers the overall situation of the urban settlements, institutional players and public policy changes with a focus on human settlement issues and the problem of a consistently degrading environment. It makes extensive use of relevant data on the concerned issues and analyzes the core issues at macro level. It covers the history of housing development policies and policies for the urban poor since the 1950s. The book offers recommendations for sustainable and equitable urban growth. It discusses institutional growth in the housing sector, operations in response to the housing needs, development governance and so on. Equal importance for redevelopment of dilapidated stock and development of new housing units, new efforts towards slum improvement, rejuvenating the cooperative housing movement are some of the strategies proposed and discussed extensively.
India′s Financial Sector: An Era of Reforms
by Vyuptakesh SharanIndia′s Financial Sector deals with the reform measures undertaken in the financial sector and their impact. The impact is assessed in terms of growth in activities, profitability, financial stability and financial inclusion among intermediaries such as banks, NBFCs and mutual funds, as well as in the financial markets. This book adds to the existing literature on the subject by offering an analysis of the impact that embraces not only the increased activities in the sector but also the issue of financial stability and financial inclusion. The discussion is divided in three parts. The first part deals with financial intermediaries, the second explores the primary and secondary markets, and the third focuses on the internationalisation of the Indian financial market. Further topicality is provided to the discourse through the final section that discusses the recent turmoil in the Indian financial sector. The book is a rich source of information for all those who are interested to know about financial sector reforms, especially in the wake of the Percy Mistry Committee and Raghuram Rajan Committee reports. It will also help students and academics working in the fields of economics and development studies.
India′s Liberalisation Experience: Hostage to WTO?
by Suparna Karmakar, Rajiv Kumar and Bibek DebroyThis book reviews India′s liberalisation measures in the last decade, in cognisance of the impact of the country′s World Trade Oraganisation (WTO) membership on the same. The collection of articles by subject experts recognises that the changes mandated by WTO membership are but one of the three-pronged liberlisation measures that the country has been subjected to-in the external, domestic (industrial policies) and financial sectors. The lucid analyses bear out that rather than being WTO-induced, external liberalisation of most sectors has been part of India′s general economic reform programme, having been shaped by domestic compulsions. India′s Liberalisation Experience: Hostage to the WTO? also analyses how the country has coped with and benefited from its obligations and rights as a WTO member. It attempts to evaluate the impact of the domestic reforms on the country′s economy and the implications thereof on its performance as a WTO negotiator. It tries to dispel the myths regarding the impact of international trade negotiations on India′s ongoing reform processes and its developmental and poverty/livelihood concerns. Thus, it will appeal not only to WTO experts, but also to trade policy analysts, academicians, research students, policy-makers, scholars and economists.
India�s Reluctant Urbanization
by Piyush Tiwari Jyoti Rao Ranesh Nair Pavan Ankinapalli Pritika Hingorani Manisha GulatiThrough a close examination of India's policies, economic system, social systems and politics, this study explores the numerous perspectives and debates on India's urbanization. The authors link contemporary urban issues with emerging challenges associated with policies and city management.
Indicating Value in Early-Stage Technology Venture Valuation: A Design Science Approach (Schriften zum europäischen Management)
by Christoph Philipp WessendorfFundraising for venture capital investments have continued to increase in recent years. One crucial step in the investment process is the valuation of the target company. Investors are faced with the great challenge of valuing a young venture without a corporate or financial history, a firm customer relationship or even a business model, while still taking into account the tremendous growth potential. Especially the valuation of technology companies is a difficult and often subjective process. Motivated by these considerations, this dissertation details a design science research project, which aims to develop an artifact that improves the indication of value in early-stage technology venture valuation while enabling operationalizable and fair valuation. This approach ensures a more meaningful valuation and better applicability to early-stage technology ventures compared to traditional methods while supporting the deliberate reduction of information asymmetries between entrepreneurs and investors. Firm-specific characteristics and practical applicability are taken into account.
Indicator-Based Monitoring of Regional Economic Integration
by Philippe De Lombaerde Edgar J. Saucedo AcostaThis volume brings together experts from different world regions. It presents various experiences with building indicator systems for monitoring the implementation of regional economic integration policies such as preferential trade areas, common markets or economic and monetary unions. The volume discusses both the technical and governance aspects of such systems, and best practices. The regional experiences that are covered include: the European Union, Eurasia, ASEAN, the East African Community (EAC), COMESA, CARICOM, the African-Caribbean-Pacific Group, and the Americas. In addition, various chapters discuss cross-cutting methodological challenges related to trade-related indicators.
Indicators of Teaching Excellence in Higher Education: A Critical Approach (Critical Practice in Higher Education)
by Aneta Hayes Nicholas GarnettAn innovative take on the controversial question of teaching excellence in Higher Education (HE). After critiquing the very idea of 'measuring' teaching excellence, Hayes and Garnett offer a critical approach to re-conceptualising and measuring teaching excellence and the controversies surrounding current teaching excellence rankings in the UK and internationally.The book proposes a shift in conceptualising the ways in which ‘evidence’ of teaching excellence can be produced by higher education providers. It suggests that measurement can be approached as developmental and can create agency for university leaders in making decisions about teaching and learning, in contrast to the performativity of current approaches. It emphasises the impact of teaching and learning processes on student outcomes and the skills required. The book guides readers through statistical approaches which allow exploration of the relationality of epistemic frames of teaching excellence in institutions, ie, how it is comprised of relationships an connections of what happens in classrooms and across the institution.Written in an accessible style tailored for HE leaders at all levels, this book is packed with real-world examples and opportunities for critical reflection, and can be understood by readers who have no prior knowledge of statistics.
Indices and Indicators in Development: An Unhealthy Obsession with Numbers
by Stephen MorseThe use of numbers to condense complex systems into easily digested 'bites' of information is very much in fashion. At one level they are intended to enhance transparency, accountability and local democracy, while at another they provide a means of enhancing performance. However, all indicators suffer from the same basic problem that, ironically, is also their biggest advantage - condensing something highly complex into a few simple numbers. Love them or hate them, there is no denying that people use indicators to make decisions. Indices and Indicators explores the use of indicators within the field of human development. Part I provides a brief outline of the contested meaning of 'development' and how indices and indicators have been used as means of testing the realization of these development visions in practice in a range of institutional contexts. Part II discusses the limitations of such indices and indicators and illustrates how they are dependent upon the vision of development adopted. The book also suggests how indices and indicators can best be employed and presented. Given our overwhelming reliance on indices and indicators for measuring progress, directing policy and allocating resources, this book is essential core reading for academics, undergraduate and post-graduate students in social science, economics, geography and development studies as well as development practitioners, policy-makers and donor and international funding agencies.
Indices, Index Funds And ETFs: Exploring HCI, Nonlinear Risk and Homomorphisms
by Michael I. NwoguguIndices, index funds and ETFs are grossly inaccurate and inefficient and affect more than €120 trillion worth of securities, debts and commodities worldwide. This book analyzes the mathematical/statistical biases, misrepresentations, recursiveness, nonlinear risk and homomorphisms inherent in equity, debt, risk-adjusted, options-based, CDS and commodity indices – and by extension, associated index funds and ETFs. The book characterizes the “Popular-Index Ecosystems,” a phenomenon that provides artificial price-support for financial instruments, and can cause systemic risk, financial instability, earnings management and inflation. The book explains why indices and strategic alliances invalidate Third-Generation Prospect Theory (PT3), related approaches and most theories of Intertemporal Asset Pricing. This book introduces three new decision models, and some new types of indices that are more efficient than existing stock/bond indices. The book explains why the Mean-Variance framework, the Put-Call Parity theorem, ICAPM/CAPM, the Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio, Jensen’s Alpha, the Information Ratio, and DEA-Based Performance Measures are wrong. Leveraged/inverse ETFs and synthetic ETFs are misleading and inaccurate and non-legislative methods that reduce index arbitrage and ETF arbitrage are introduced.
Indicting the 45th President: Boss Trump, the GOP, and What We Can Do About the Threat to American Democracy (Crimes of the Powerful)
by Gregg BarakIndicting the 45th President is a sequel to Criminology on Trump in real time, continuing the criminological investigation into the former US president. Developing and expanding on the themes of family dynamics, deviance, deception, dishonesty, and the weaponization of the law, this book offers the next chapter on the world’s most successful outlaw.In this new book, Gregg Barak considers the campaigns and policies, the corruption, the state- organized abuses of power and obstructions of justice, the pardons, the failed insurrection, the prosecutions, the indictment of Trump and the politics of punishment as these revolve around the Trumpian character and social structures that encourage such crimes of the powerful. Barak also thoroughly addresses the threat to American Democracy, critiques the current state of the U.S. constitutional system, and proposes reforms to enhance justice for all in the United States.Another accessible and compelling read, this is essential reading for all those engaged with state and white- collar crime in the context of power and privilege, and those seeking a criminological understanding of Trump’s evasion of law and justice.
Indictment: The Criminal Justice System on Trial
by Benjamin PerrinBased on first-hand interviews with survivors, people who have committed offences, and others on the frontlines, Indictment puts the Canadian criminal justice system on trial and proposes a bold new vision of transformative justice. #MeToo. Black Lives Matter. Decriminalize Drugs. No More Stolen Sisters. Stop Stranger Attacks. Do we need more cops or to defund the police? Harm reduction or treatment? Tougher sentences or prison abolition? The debate about Canada’s criminal justice system has rarely been so polarized – or so in need of fresh ideas. Indictment brings the heartrending and captivating stories of survivors and people who have committed offences to the forefront to help us understand why the criminal justice system is facing such an existential crisis. Benjamin Perrin draws on his expertise as a lawyer, former top criminal justice advisor to the prime minister, and law clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada to investigate the criminal justice system itself. Indictment critiques the system from a trauma-informed perspective, examining its treatment of victims of crime, Indigenous people and Black Canadians, people with substance use and mental health disorders, and people experiencing homelessness, poverty, and unemployment. Perrin also shares insights from others on the frontlines, including prosecutors and defence lawyers, police chiefs, Indigenous leaders, victim support workers, corrections officers, public health experts, gang outreach workers, prisoner and victims’ rights advocates, criminologists, psychologists, and leading trauma experts. Bringing forward the voices of marginalized people, along with their stories of survival and resilience, Indictment shows that a better way is possible.
Indie Cinema Online
by Sarah E.S. SinwellIndie Cinema Online investigates the changing nature of contemporary American independent cinema in an era of media convergence. Focusing on the ways in which modes of production, distribution, and exhibition are shifting with the advent of online streaming, simultaneous release strategies, and web series, this book analyzes sites such as SundanceTV, YouTube, Netflix, Hulu, and other online spaces as a means of redefining independent cinema in a digital era. Analyzing the intersections among cinema studies, cultural studies, and new media studies within contemporary convergence culture, author Sarah E.S. Sinwell looks at sites of media convergence that are often ignored within most studies of digital media. Emphasizing the ways in which the forms and technologies of media culture have changed during the age of convergence, this book analyzes contemporary production, distribution, and exhibition practices as a means of examining the changing meanings of independent cinema within digital culture.
Indie Video Game Development Work: Innovation in the Creative Economy
by Alexander StyhreThis book presents a study of so-called indie video game developers that are widely regarded as the creative and innovative fringe of the video game industry. The video game industry is an exemplary entrepreneurial high growth industry that combines digital media, cinematographic representations and interactive gaming technologies, and uses global digital distribution channels to reach local gaming communities. The study examines a number of issues, concerns, challenges, and opportunities that indie developers are handling as part of their development work. The love of gaming and video games more specifically is the shared and unifying force of both so-called Triple-A developers and the indie developer community. Still, issues such as how to raise financial capital or otherwise fund the development work, or how to optimize the return on investment when video games are released on digital platforms are issues that indie developers need to cope with. The study is theoretically framed as a case of an innovation-led sector of the economy, yet being anchored in the Swedish welfare state model, wherein e.g., free tertiary education and social insurances and health case at low cost are provided and supportive of enterprising. This book will be valuable reading for academics working in the fields of knowledge management, innovation, and the creative economy.
Indien im 21. Jahrhundert − Auf dem Weg zur postindustriellen Ökonomie: India in the 21st Century – On its way to a post-industrial economy (Ökonomien und Gesellschaften im Wandel)
by Markus Hans-Peter MüllerAngesichts seiner fast 1,4 Milliarden Einwohner, seiner wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung und geopolitischen Attraktivität hat Indien das Potenzial, eine führende Weltmacht zu werden. Ein Großteil dieses Potenzials ist Wirklichkeit. Indien ist heute vor China die am schnellsten wachsende Volkswirtschaft der Welt. Aber Indien kämpft nicht nur mit seiner Zukunft, sondern auch mit Herausforderungen der Gegenwart, wie der Armut und ernsthafter Umweltbedenken. Unter der Annahme, dass China morgen aufhört zu wachsen, und dass Indien jährlich um 7 bis 8 Prozent wächst und sein Einkommen alle zehn Jahre verdoppelt, würde Indien China immer noch nicht vor 2050 einholen. Ohne wirtschaftliche und technologische Schlagkraft werden Indiens Ambitionen, bald eine Großmacht zu werden, genau das bleiben: Ambitionen. Das Buch besteht aus deutsch- und englischsprachigen Beiträgen und umfasst Themen wie das soziale und kulturelle Fundament Indiens, die Ökonomie Indiens, das Finanzwesen und die indische Politik vor dem Hintergrund regional und globaler Strukturen oder Indiens strukturelle Herausforderungen, wie z.B. die Frage der Nachhaltigkeit sowie der Urbanisierung und Digitalisierung.
Indigenization of African Economies (Routledge Revivals)
by Adebayo AdedejiOriginally published in 1981, this book examines the progress of a number of national efforts to move towards economic self-reliance. It consists of case studies from Egypt, Zambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland and Senegal. The studies are set in a framework that outlines the historical background to African economic dependence, and they discuss the theoretical and practical implications of that dependence. It makes an important contribution to the study of indigenization, bringing together a group of African specialists writing from the inside, and articulating the continent’s challenges with convincing authority.
Indigenous Agricultural Revolution: Ecology and Food Production in West Africa (Routledge Library Editions: Agribusiness and Land Use #21)
by Paul RichardsOriginally published in 1985, this book argues forcefully and practically for new relationship between science and the small farmer. It advocates scientific research seeking out changes which are already taking place within the smallholder farming sector and building on local initiatives. Drawing on his experience of West Africa, the author demonstrates that many of the most successful innovations in food-crop production during the 20th century have indigenous roots and that there should therefore be less emphasis on ‘teaching’ farmers how to farm and more emphasis on how to foster and support local adaptation and inventiveness. This book will be of interest to students of agriculture, environmental studies and rural development as well as those working with relief and development agencies.
Indigenous Aspirations and Rights: The Case for Responsible Business and Management (The Principles for Responsible Management Education Series)
by Amy Klemm Verbos Ella Henry Ana Maria PeredoIndigenous peoples are recognised as groups with specific rights based on their historical ties to particular territories. The United Nations estimates there are 370 million Indigenous peoples, with Indigenous populations being recognised in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United States, the Arctic region, Central and South America, and across Asia and Africa. Indigenous Aspirations and Rights takes an Indigenous perspective in examining the intersection of business with Indigenous peoples' rights, in light of the UN Global Compact and the PRME. Indigenous rights include, but are not limited to, human, cultural, educational, employment, participatory development, economic, and social rights, rights to land and natural resources, and impacts on identity, institutions, and relations. This book illustrates three main aspects of business practices in relation to Indigenous peoples: Indigenous perspectives on failures, business and ongoing challenges to Indigenous aspirations and rights, and modelling success for Indigenous and business interests.Edited by three leading voices in Indigenous rights research and practice, Indigenous Aspirations and Rights features contributions from around the globe. The work draws together policy implications for management and implications for Indigenous peoples, and examines how the PRME, the UN Global Compact, and the concept of socially responsible business can be expanded to encompass more positive outcomes for Indigenous peoples.
Indigenous Climate Justice in the Lake Chad Basin
by Ngozi Finette StewartThis volume aims to highlight Indigenous knowledge toward climate mitigation with a focus on peoples in Sub-Saharan Africa, an underpublished region vis a vis this topic. The term &“climate justice&” has emerged to explain how vulnerable, marginalized, and disadvantaged groups - often those who are least responsible for climate change caused by (often colonially induced) environmental damage, tend to suffer its gravest impacts. Indigenous climate justice efforts show promise in contributing to managing global climate change and its impact on vulnerable groups, especially Indigenous Peoples. To contribute to the advancement of research in this area, this book examines intersectional approaches to climate justice and explores how the varies ideas and methods from Indigenous Peoples in Sub-Saharan Africa can contribute to policies on climate change adaptation. Aspects of Indigenous knowledge that are examined within the context of climate justice include natural resource management; governance; conservation and gendered impact of climate change; food sovereignty and health.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America
by Timothy MacNeillThis open access book outlines development theory and practice overtime as well as critically interrogates the “cultural turn” in development policy in Latin American indigenous communities, specifically, in Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador, and Bolivia. It becomes apparent that culturally sustainable development is both a new and old idea, which is simultaneously traditional and modern, and that it is a necessary iteration in thinking on development. This new strain of thought could inform not only the work of development practitioners, graduate students, and theorists working in the Global South, but in the Global North as well.
Indigenous Discourses on Knowledge and Development in Africa (Routledge African Studies #14)
by Ali A. Abdi Edward ShizhaAfrican social development is often explained from outsider perspectives that are mainly European and Euro-American, leaving African indigenous discourses and ways of knowing and doing absent from discussions and debates on knowledge and development. This book is intended to present Africanist indigenous voices in current debates on economic, educational, political and social development in Africa. The authors and contributors to the volume present bold and timely ideas and scholarship for defining Africa through its challenges, possible policy formations, planning and implementation at the local, regional, and national levels. The book also reveals insightful examinations of the hype, the myths and the realities of many topics of concern with respect to dominant development discourses, and challenges the misconceptions and misrepresentations of indigenous perspectives on knowledge productions and overall social well-being or lack thereof. The volume brings together researchers who are concerned with comparative education, international development, and African development, research and practice in particular. Policy makers, institutional planners, education specialists, governmental and non-governmental managers and the wider public should all benefit from the contents and analyses of this book.
Indigenous Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia: Theoretical and Practical Implications (Palgrave Studies in Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, and Indigenization in Business)
by Emiel L. Eijdenberg Thirumaran K Pengji Wang Caroline WongThis book provides an in-depth exploration of indigenous entrepreneurship and its challenges while addressing ways to make businesses more inclusive and sustainable in the long term. Offering a balanced mix of critical perspectives, theoretical insights and practical implications, provided by both academics and practitioners, it examines how indigenous entrepreneurship practices in Southeast Asia challenge existing theories in business and management research. The chapters also explore the role of various stakeholders, such as the larger community and society, supply chain members, policy-makers, etc., in facilitating indigenous entrepreneurship.Highlighting the uniqueness and diversity of indigenous entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia, this book renders a comprehensive overview of contemporary indigenization topics, organized by Southeast Asian cultural and national contexts.