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Portugal: Can Socialism Survive?
by Richard H.K. Vietor Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason"In late 2017, Prime Minister António Costa of the Socialist Party had come to an agreement with the far left parties that allied with his government and approved a budget for 2018 that included increased government spending as well as a belief that the fiscal deficit would fall to a record low of 1.1% of GDP.1 The country had recently emerged from a bailout package imposed in 2011 following the global financial crisis, and had sustained positive growth and a decreased fiscal deficit in the years since. Indeed, citing 3% growth in the second quarter of 2017, the Wall Street Journal characterized Portugal as “the comeback kid.”2 While the country had suffered from low productivity and a lack of competitiveness before the crisis, many hoped that the structural reforms and fiscal balancing would let Portugal recoup what it had foregone in the years following the crisis. Costa’s government had so far baffled critics, as the coalition parties agreed to budgets that accomplished a lower fiscal deficit while partially undoing austerity measures and returning pensions and wages to pre-bailout levels."
Portugal: Financial Sector Assessment Program--Technical Note--Investor Protection, Disclosure, and Financial Literacy
by International Monetary FundA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Portuguese-speaking Small Island Developing States: The Development Journeys of Cabo Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Timor-Leste
by Paulo Gonçalves Francisco José Leandro Enrique Martínez-GalánThis book assesses the dynamics, challenges and achievements of the development processes of three Portuguese-speaking Small Island Developing States (PSSIDS) - Cabo Verde, São Tome and Príncipe, and Timor-Leste. Important lessons are drawn from those processes, which are relevant for policymakers, as well as for their bilateral and multilateral development partners, including international organizations such as United Nations or the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. To that end, the book includes contributions to the academic literature about SIDS, an area of research that has been significantly overlooked. The conclusions would be of interest to readers as a lead up to the fiftieth anniversary of their independence.
Poruliyal Kotpaadu (Economic Theory) 12th Standard - Tamilnadu Board
by Training State Council of Educational ResearchPoruliyal Kotpaadu (Economic Theory) Textbook for the 12th Standard Students, preparing for Tamil Nadu State Board Exam.
Poseidon Carlsbad: Desalination and the San Diego County Water Authority
by John D. MacomberExtreme drought conditions in California have significant impacts on the ability of the San Diego County Water Authority to provide adequate water for current users. Water shortfalls also could curtail the economic development of one of the fastest growing regions in America. Seawater desalination is expensive and energy intensive, but it could be a partial solution. Brian Brady and other members of the Authority need to vote for or against a financing and construction plan that includes a 30-year water purchase agreement with Poseidon Resources (Channelside) LP, a private company. In the early years the cost of water would be almost double the average unit cost the Authority pays at the time of the decision. Is this proposal good policy in the long run to lock in supply and price for 7% of the region's water needs? Is the private finance and provision of public infrastructure appropriate for a basic good like water? The case also investigates the allocation of water supply and usage in California and the environmental impacts of running this plant on electricity drawn from the local utility, which in San Diego County is about 65% from fossil sources. The case is intended to be used as an introduction to water policy, seawater desalination, bond finance and cash flow waterfalls, infrastructure as a foundation for economic development, and risk allocation in public-private partnerships.
Posh Boys: How English Public Schools Ruin Britain
by Robert Verkaik&‘The latest in the series of powerful books on the divisions in modern Britain, and will take its place on many bookshelves beside Reni Eddo-Lodge&’s Why I&’m No Longer Talking to White People About Race and Owen Jones&’s Chavs.&’ –Andrew Marr, Sunday Times &‘In his fascinating, enraging polemic, Verkaik touches on one of the strangest aspects of the elite schools and their product&’s domination of public life for two and a half centuries: the acquiescence of everyone else.&’ –Observer In Britain today, the government, judiciary and military are all led by an elite who attended private school. Under their watch, our society has become increasingly divided and the gap between rich and poor is now greater than ever before. Is this the country we want to live in? If we care about inequality, we have to talk about public schools. Robert Verkaik issues a searing indictment of the system originally intended to educate the most underprivileged Britons, and outlines how, through meaningful reform, we can finally make society fairer for all.
Posicionando Conteúdo no Google em 3 Passos
by Álvaro CidTenho comparado este método com minha forma de fazer as coisas antes e depois e tenho rankeado muito mais alto, atraindo muito mais visitas a meu site web. E graças a este método, tenho poupando tempo, esforço e energia. Ao padronizar tudo, posso me concentrar mais no meu leitor. Muitas pessoas gostariam de ser capazes de posicionar-se no Google com sua página de web ou blog. O problema, é que realmente não sabem como fazer. Inclusive algumas pessoas têm tentado posicionar-se com alguns artigos ou conteúdo, mas sem nenhum resultado. Esse é o momento em que os amadores abandonam. Infelizmente, nenhum deles nunca conseguiram posicionar um artigo corretamente. Este manual irá de ajudar a posicionar os seus conteúdos no menor tempo possível e seguindo as melhores práticas do Google. Tenho desenvolvido este método com base nas minhas experiências nos meus conhecimentos e em resultados que tenho obtido. Este método foi desenvolvido para qualquer um, com ou sem experiência, para que possa posicionar seus conteúdos de maneira correta alcançando uma boa posição o mais rápido possível. Os passos a seguir seram rápidos e intuitivos, qualquer um pode seguir e se o seguem estaram em melhor posição que a concorrência em termos de conteúdo dos seu posicionamentos: *Você terá um método efetivo e replicável em cada um de seus conteúdos. *Você conseguirá analizar as tendências e se posicionar frente a concorrência. *Você melhorará seu conteúdo a os olhos do Google e especialmente para seus leitores *Você terá um aumento em sua marca pessoal e seu posicionamento online. *Este último irá permitir o ganho de possivéis relacionamentos de trabalho e oportunidades de negócios
Positional Analysis for Sustainable Development: Reconsidering Policy, Economics and Accounting (Routledge Studies in Ecological Economics)
by Judy Brown Peter Soderbaum Malgorzata DereniowskaClimate change, biodiversity loss, pollution of land and water, land-use changes, lack of equality and other problems at local, national and global levels represent a challenge for economics as a social science. Mainstream neoclassical economics may be able to contribute to a more sustainable society but it has also played a dominant role in a period where problems have been aggravated. A pluralist and democratic view of economics is therefore very much warranted. This book presents a multidimensional and ideologically more open view of economics: understanding economics in multidimensional terms is in accordance with the 17 sustainable development goals recognized by nations at the UN-level in 2015. Accordingly, approaches to decision making and accounting at the national- and business levels have to be reconsidered. Neoclassical Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) with focus on the monetary dimension and an assumed consensus about a specific market ideology to be applied is not compatible with democratic societies where citizen and actors in other roles normally differ with respect to ideological orientation. Environmental Impact Statements and Multi-Criteria methods are used to some extent to broaden approaches to decision-making. In this book, Positional Analysis is advocated as a multidimensional and ideologically open approach. Positional Analysis is based on a political economic conceptual framework (as part of ecological economics) that differs from neoclassical ideas of individuals, firms and markets. And since approaches to decision-making and to accounting are closely connected, a new theoretical perspective in economics similarly raises issues of how national and business accounting can be opened up to meet present demands among various actors in society. This perspective raises also numerous ethical questions at the science and policy interface that need to be properly addressed for sustainability decision making.
Positional Option Trading: An Advanced Guide (Wiley Trading)
by Euan SinclairA detailed, one-stop guide for experienced options traders Positional Option Trading is a rigorous, professional-level guide on sophisticated techniques from professional trader and quantitative analyst Euan Sinclair. The author has over two decades of high-level option trading experience. He has written this book specifically for professional options traders who have outgrown more basic trading techniques and are searching for in-depth information suitable for advanced trading. Custom-tailored to respond to the volatile option trading environment, this expert guide stresses the importance of finding a valid edge in situations where risk is usually overwhelmed by uncertainty and unknowability. Using examples of edges such as the volatility premium, term-structure premia and earnings effects, the author shows how to find valid trading ideas and details the decision process for choosing an option structure that best exploits the advantage. Advanced topics include a quantitative approach for directionally trading options, the robustness of the Black Scholes Merton model, trade sizing for option portfolios, robust risk management and more. This book: Provides advanced trading techniques for experienced professional traders Addresses the need for in-depth, quantitative information that more general, intro-level options trading books do not provide Helps readers to master their craft and improve their performance Includes advanced risk management methods in option trading No matter the market conditions, Positional Option Trading is an important resource for any professional or advanced options trader.
Positioned: Strategic Workforce Planning That Gets the Right Person in the Right Job
by Dan L. Ward Rob Tripp Bill MakiFrom the C-suite to the sales force to the ground floor, downtime is deadly. When a job opens or turns over, organizations must adjust seamlessly. In Positioned, some of the world's best people strategists examine how best to address the constant challenge of having the right people available when needed. Thought leaders including Dave Ulrich, John Boudreau, James Walker, Jac Fitz-enz, Peter Howes, Dan Hilbert, and Naomi Stanford weigh in on the future of strategic staffing, virtual workplaces, disruptive technologies, globalization, and what practices will - and will not - help organizations thrive. Positioned captures the best workforce planning practices from leading organizations such as Boeing, HP, the U. S. Intelligence Community, and others in the private and public sectors. The book's Analytics section examines the evolution of workforce analytics and the roles of HR professionals and consultants. In an era of globally increasing complexity and competition for talent, shortages and misalignment can derail an organization's effectiveness. This book helps them get back on track.
Positionen im Team Selling: Eine integrative Betrachtung von Verkaufspositionen und Unterstützungsressourcen im B2B-Vertrieb
by Dr. Steffen BöhmDas vorliegende Buch beschäftigt sich mit der Verkaufsunterstützung im B2B-Bereich und zeigt dem Leser Möglichkeiten auf, den Unternehmenserfolg im komplexen Verkauf zu vergrößern. Es betrachtet verschiedene Positionen innerhalb eines Verkaufsteams und beschreibt das Zusammenspiel der am Verkauf beteiligten Akteure. Dazu verknüpft der Autor zwei Forschungsfelder und die dazugehörigen Praxistrends. Er zeigt den Wandel der Klassifizierung von Verkaufspositionen und weiteren Verkaufsunterstützungsressourcen, als auch den Wandel von sogenannten Verkaufsstilen oder Verkaufsansätzen. Fünf empirische Studien führen zu neuen, bisher nicht gezeigten Erkenntnissen. Als überraschendes Ergebnis führt der Autor dem Leser vor Augen, dass verkaufsunterstützende Positionen in Form von Spezialisten wichtiger für den Verkaufserfolg sind als die Verkäuferposition selbst. Darauf aufbauende Anwendungsfälle in führenden Unternehmen sowie Empfehlungen und Orientierungshilfen für die Ausrichtung der Vertriebsorganisation oder als Grundlage für Investitionsentscheidungen helfen dem Leser, die Erkenntnisse in der Unternehmenspraxis umzusetzen.
Positionierung in B2B-Märkten: Mehr Anziehungskraft im Markt, höhere Identifikation bei Mitarbeitern und Kunden – ein pragmatischer Leitfaden
by Dennis VogtDieses Buch bietet eine pragmatische Anleitung für die Entwicklung und konsequente Umsetzung einer klaren Positionierung in B2B-Märkten. Eine Positionierung, die sich über das gesamte Leistungsspektrum sowie über alle Kontaktpunkte mit Zielgruppen erstreckt und zudem die Mitarbeitenden mitnimmt. Der Autor beleuchtet im ersten Schritt die zentralen Mechanismen, die Zielgruppen im Zuge von Kaufentscheidungsprozessen in B2B-Märkten beeinflussen. Im zweiten Schritt zeigt er, wie B2B-Anbieter eine wirkungsvolle Positionierung mit klarer Differenzierung erarbeiten können. Im dritten Schritt wird aufgezeigt, wie B2B-Anbieter diese Positionierung konsequent über ihr gesamtes Leistungsspektrum sowie alle relevanten Kontaktpunkte mit Zielgruppen aktivieren können. Im vierten und letzten Schritt geht es darum, wie B2B-Anbieter ihre Positionierung in den Köpfen und Prozessen der eigenen Organisation konsequent verankern können. Nur so kann der nachhaltige Markterfolg gelingen. Erfolgreiche B2B-Unternehmen haben erkannt: die fortschreitende Globalisierung, die permanent zunehmende Digitalisierung, und die rasante Zunahme an Innovationen zwingt zu einem fokussierten Marktauftritt. Dieser muss mit überzeugenden Produkt- und Service-Leistungen und ebenso überzeugenden Erlebnissen für die Kunden an jedem Touchpoint unter Beweis gestellt werden. Wie diese Fokussierung in der Strategie-Entwicklung und der internen und externen Kommunikation gelingt, zeigt dieses Buch.
Positionierungen nachhaltigen Verhaltens am Arbeitsplatz: Eine rekonstruktive Untersuchung des öffentlichen Dienstes
by Christian Thomas ScheidingIn diesem Open-Access-Buch werden die Nachhaltigkeitspositionierungen von Angestellten im öffentlichen Dienst im Kontext organisationaler Nachhaltigkeitstransformationen untersucht. Mithilfe der Dokumentarischen Methode wird ein qualitativ-rekonstruktiver Ansatz verfolgt, um die vielschichtigen handlungsleitenden Orientierungen der Positionierungsfindung offenzulegen. Hierfür werden die Komplexität, die Kontextabhängigkeit und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen individuellen, sozialen und organisationalen Ebenen analysiert. Zentral ist das entwickelte Sphärenmodell, das die endogenen (individuellen), mesogenen (sozialen) und exogenen (organisationalen) Dimensionen der Positionierungen integriert. In und zwischen diesen Sphären positionieren sich die Angestellten in Spannungsfeldern zwischen Selbstreflexion, sozialen Dynamiken und organisationalen Vorgaben. Die Studie liefert einen wertvollen Beitrag zum Verständnis der komplexen Vorgänge und Interdependenzen, die für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung nachhaltiger Veränderungen in öffentlichen Organisationen entscheidend sind und bietet so eine bereichernde Lektüre sowohl für die Wissenschaft als auch für alle, die sich mit der Transformation von Organisationen hin zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit beschäftigen.
Positioning
by David E. BellDescribes the importance of positioning for retail outlets. Sections of the note deal with aspects of the retailing mix.
Positioning Theory and Strategic Communication: A new approach to public relations research and practice (Routledge New Directions in Public Relations & Communication Research)
by Melanie JamesIn public relations, people talk about positioning an idea, a persona, a political ideal, an ideology – but what are they talking about? Why do some positions taken by organizations crystallize in the minds of audiences, while others fail? Whilst positioning is not something new in public relations, this book is the first to explicate what it involves, how it works and how to do it. This is the first in-depth exploration of the possibilities of Positioning Theory for the public relations field and it adds a new perspective to the growing body of multidisciplinary work in this rich theoretical area, moving the discussion away from the traditional communication plans of previous decades, which fail to accommodate the changing media and opinion landscapes. The author pulls together various strands of socio-cultural theory into an analytical framework, providing readers with a tool to analyse the organizational implications of public relations decisions, guiding strategic decision making through realistic scenario planning. This thought-provoking book provides an alternative path to studying communication in increasingly complex environments and as such, will be vital reading for researchers and educators, advanced communication and public relations students, and for senior public relations practitioners.
Positioning for Advantage: Techniques and Strategies to Grow Brand Value
by Professor Kimberly A. WhitlerMost of us have an intuitive sense of superior branding. We prefer to purchase brands we find distinctive—that deliver on some important, relevant dimension better than other brands. These brands have typically achieved positional advantage. Yet few professionals have had the formal training that goes beyond marketing theory to bridge the “theory-doing gap”—understanding the specific techniques and strategies that can be used to create brands that attain positional advantage in the marketplace.Positioning for Advantage is a comprehensive how-to guide for creating, building, and executing effective brand strategies. Kimberly A. Whitler identifies essential marketing strategy techniques and moves through the major stages of positioning a brand to achieve in-market advantage. Introducing seven tools—from strategic positioning concepts to strategy mapping to influencer maps—Whitler provides templates, frameworks, and step-by-step processes to build and manage growth brands that achieve positional advantage. This book presents real-world scenarios, helping readers activate tools to increase skill in creating brands that achieve positional advantage. Brimming with insights for students and professionals alike, Positioning for Advantage helps aspiring C-level leaders understand not only what superior branding looks like but also how to make it come to life.
Positioning for Architecture and Design Firms
by Jack ReigleAn essential guide for a firm of any size to effectively position itself in the marketplace For an architecture or design firm to survive and prosper in the new economy, it needs to redefine and reinvigorate its position in the marketplace. With dozens of how-to cases, examples, and guidelines, Positioning for Architecture and Design Firms provides the entire menu of tools, plus the inspiration needed, for making the changes required to stay competitive in the design world. Offering strategies for leveraging a firm's strongest assets into the formulation of a successful long-term plan, this book breaks with tradition to introduce the latest concepts specifically developed for building future business opportunities in an unstable economic landscape marked by shifts in competition, technology, and client expectations. With a wealth of information targeting the subject of positioning, readers will learn: Why the aftershocks of the Great Recession are likely to linger, and what you can do about it in relation to your firm's success How the coming generational shift will change the design business What positioning is, and how it needs to be developed to support and implement your strategic vision How your firm can establish a robust identity and operating model The importance of your firm's essential purpose How to turn your marketing department into a true marketing system, transforming it from production mode into an integrated positioning machine Why it is important to engage in advanced research and open innovation initiatives Addressing issues of firm identity, including an understanding of how to create the market positioning desired, Positioning for Architecture and Design Firms shows how a design firm-large or small, new or well established-can position itself to gain greater control over its destiny, and reach loftier levels of achievement. Learn about firm types, and match the right type to a firm's goals Develop and maintain a firm's identity in the marketplace Discover how organizational design and marketing support a chosen firm type
Positioning for Professionals: How Professional Knowledge Firms Can Differentiate Their Way to Success (Wiley Professional Advisory Services #6)
by Tim WilliamsIt's not the best companies that prevail in the marketplace, but rather the best brands. The goal of business strategy is not just to be better, but different. Learn how to build a differentiating value proposition by clearly and carefully defining your brand boundaries: Calling, Competencies, Customers, and Culture. Positioning for Professionals shows how a well-defined value proposition can help professional service firms create their own success instead of copying the success of others, including such concepts as: How and why professional service brands become homogenized Why standing for everything is the same as standing for nothing Why there's no such thing as full service Deep and narrow as a strategic imperative Why it's better to be a profit leader than a market leader Differentiation and price premiums How to map your brand on the matrix of relevance and differentiation How to define a value proposition that will make your firm intensely appealing to the customers who want you for what you do best Based on the proven premise that the most profitable business strategy is not to aim at the center of the market, but rather at the edges, Positioning for Professionals is written for leaders, managers, and other senior executives of service companies in with a particular emphasis on professional service firms.
Positioning the Brand: An Inside-Out Approach
by Rik Riezebos Jaap van der GrintenPositioning is hot. Not only in the realm of consumer goods manufacturers, but also for other companies, institutions, governments and even individual persons. An explosion of good quality products on the market and targeted media and advertising campaigns has led to an increasing interest from organizations as to how to strategically position their brand. Up to now, only a few books on positioning were published. Positioning the Brand picks up the gauntlet with an approach based on two fundamental choices: Firstly, the book was written from the perspective of the brand manager, and has therefore been shaped as a practical roadmap. Secondly, this book advocates a new stance on positioning, teaching the reader to look from the inside-out, instead of adopting the usual outside-in methodology. This inside-out approach departs from an analysis of the corporate identity, enabling better fulfilment of external positioning, and ensuring internal support. This book is intended for (future) managers, marketing professionals and communication professionals responsible for the commercial success and reputation of a brand. The contents have a practical set-up, reinforced by engaging examples, and enable the reader to individually complete a positioning process.
Positiv führen für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Christian ThieleIst es Ihnen wichtig, dass Arbeit Ihnen und auch Ihrem Team Freude macht? Haben Sie Vertrauen zu Ihren Mitarbeitern, kennen Sie deren Stärken und setzen Sie diese gezielt ein? Möchten Sie, dass Ihre Mitarbeiter verstehen, wofür Sie arbeiten und die Werthaftigkeit ihres Tuns erkennen? Dann sind Ihnen die Grundprinzipien des Positiven Führens bereits vertraut. Christian Thiele erklärt Ihnen, wie Sie sich, Ihr Team oder auch das ganze Unternehmen mit dieser modernen Form von Führung motivieren und so gemeinsam Ihre Ziele erreichen. Und Ihren gemeinsamen Erfolg dann kräftig feiern, denn auch das gehört zum Positiven Führen!
Positive Action in Action: Equal Opportunities and Declining Opportunities on Merseyside (Routledge Revivals)
by Robert MooreFirst published in 1997, this volume describes very clearly the various government policies to promote equal opportunity and the context of urban policy in which they have to be implemented. Robert Moore’s important study addresses the key issue of equal opportunities through a case study of events when a change in government policy appeared to hold out the prospect of new jobs for a highly deprived inner city area. It is a model for all social research of this kind. The result is a very detailed and objective analysis of the problem of implementing equal opportunity policies in practice.
Positive Ageing and Human Resource Development (Routledge Studies in Human Resource Development)
by Diane Keeble-Ramsay Andrew ArmitagePositive Ageing and Human Resource Development seeks to introduce readers to some of the major cultural issues that the current demographic changes of the workforce as the national default retirement age within the UK has moved from 60 to 67 and beyond represent for the workplace. This phenomenon is happening in other economies. It recognises there are social shifts in terms of the psychological contract and expectations of different sets of workers. Rather than seeking to extend ideas around multi-generational research eg millennials and generation X/Y, it provides some contributions and commentary which may inform employers, HR professionals and those interested in Human Resource Development (HRD) when considering how to plan for these challenges. It considers the concerns that HRD thinking has largely been focussed upon the development of leaders or managing people, rather than how such sociological shifts may impact upon the nature of work and subsequent productivity. It recognises that many companies have failed to plan their people management strategies and talent management approaches to cope with this shift largely given their uncertainty how to address. It takes a set of contributions then, which focus upon different issues broadly based around age, in order to provide illustrations of some of the areas for discourse of the lived experiences of those affected by the probability of working into their late 60s or potentially even late 70s. Much of this is focussed around women’s working lives as the impact of later working represents a number of peculiar issues around the valuing of women’s work and its contributions.
Positive Approaches to Conflict at Work (Business in Mind)
by Suzanna TanHow can we sensitively manage different types of conflict to create a more harmonious and efficient workplace?Workplace conflict can arise when people with different backgrounds or values disagree on approaches, interests, and ideas. This can result in inefficient collaboration and may even impact workers’ mental health. This book covers a range of scenarios around how conflict at work can manifest and discusses approaches to managing these in the right way to improve motivation, productivity, and the overall well-being of employees. It explores contemporary research, theory, and models, and includes exercises for critical reflection to aid understanding. In so doing, it encourages leaders to take responsibility for addressing different types of conflict and how to do so with sensitivity. It also signals when other approaches, such as coaching, mentoring and mediation may be necessary and, when appropriate, signposts to internal formal processes such as disciplinary and grievance procedures.This accessible and practical book assists business owners, managers, and leaders in effectively navigating conflict management within the work environment.
Positive Economics and Policy Objectives (Routledge Library Editions)
by T.W. HutchisonThis book examines important issues on the relationship between economics and political values or ideologies, by analysing the main branches of economic theory in an historical perspective and their impact on economic policy.The book is structured as follows:Part I: Positive Economics?1. The Positive-Normative Distinction in the History of Economic ThoughtPart II: Policy Objectives2. The Objectives of Economic Policies: An Historical Review
Positive Energy Buildings: Concepts, Challenges and Opportunities (Green Energy and Technology)
by Francesco Reda Rita Lavikka Hassam Ur Rehman Abdul Samad KaziThis book investigates positive energy buildings (PEBs). It provides and describes them, explains why they are important in the fight against climate change and discusses how they might be implemented. This book begins by contextualizing PEBs, discussing concepts, definitions and how they may be included by planning authorities in development plans. It then thoroughly explains what PEBs are and their impact on a climate-neutral economy. The book discusses technological, economic, societal and regulatory challenges and opportunities in employing PEBs, before concluding with possible scenarios for implementing them. This book is of use to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers interested in local and decentralized energy, as well as plans to achieve carbon neutrality.