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R&D Management
by K. B. AkhileshThis book contributes towards the integration of the R&D function with regard to societies, nations, industries and organizations, as well as to leaders within organizations. It covers the management aspects and approaches to R&D management and provides information on the major contexts of R&D such as in production, HR, marketing and finance - functions that are essential to attracting, developing and retaining scientific manpower. The book further elaborates on organizations' human strategic prospectives. It also suggests various types of practices to help organizations achieve their objectives and analyzes how R&D can contribute to technology, innovation and science to improve organizations' productivity. In closing, it discusses some of the challenges faced by developing countries and presents R&D management from a global perspective.
R&D Management Practices and Innovation: Evidence from a Firm Survey (SpringerBriefs in Economics)
by Arito Ono Shoko HanedaThis Open Access book provides a detailed account of firms’ research and development (R&D) management practices, and whether and how R&D management practices are associated with the success and the nature (explorative or exploitive) of innovation, using a unique survey of firms in Japan. While there is wide agreement that innovation is a key determinant for growth of firms, there are few studies that systematically and quantitatively investigate what firms do in their R&D management to create innovation. Utilizing insights from theoretical and empirical studies on innovation, the authors focus on the following four aspects of R&D management: the organizational structure of R&D, staged project management for R&D projects, compensation and incentive schemes for R&D personnel, and a firm’s risk preferences and corporate culture. The authors examine whether and how R&D management practices are linked to the likelihood of firms’ success in making product innovations and the choice between explorative and exploitive innovation. The book furnishes vital information that can be used as a reference for future theoretical and empirical analyses of R&D management practices and innovation. This monograph is highly recommended to academics and practitioners who seek an in-depth and detailed analysis of R&D management.This is an open access book.
R&D Management and Technology Commercialization: Practical Concepts, Innovation, and Case Studies (Management for Professionals)
by Orestis Georgiou Mykola Maksymenko Stephen RussoIndustrial spending for research and development (R&D) initiatives is growing globally year on year, from both public and private investments. As this spending grows, so does the complexity of R&D organizations and processes. Hence, high-quality R&D management becomes increasingly important to streamline R&D processes. Intended for R&D managers and technology leaders in small, medium, and large enterprises, this book addresses questions such as how to align R&D with broader organizational needs, best practices for R&D hiring and team-building, how to select which metrics to be measured, and the process of moving a technology from the laboratory to the market.
R&D Management in the Knowledge Era: Challenges of Emerging Technologies (Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management)
by Tuğrul Daim Marina Dabić Nuri Başoğlu João Ricardo Lavoie Brian J. GalliThis volume explores emerging models, methods and tools in the management of research and development (R&D) in the knowledge era, with a particular focus on the challenges of the emerging technologies. The contributions are organized in five parts. Part I, Managing Emerging Technologies, provides methods and tools to understand the challenges created by the emergence of new technologies. Part II, Technology and Engineering Management Tools and Policies, explores different technology and engineering tools, including topics such as product concept development, design, selection and adoption, using technology roadmaps and bibliometrics. Part III, Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship, explores R&D, knowledge transfer and entrepreneurial education. Part IV, Commercialization of Technological Innovations, explores the development and application of the technology transfer process which allows managers to succeed in commercializing the outcomes of R&D projects. Part V, Managing the Engineering Enterprise, explores the effect economic decision-making, leadership styles, change management and quality management have on an organization’s ability to plan and execute initiatives and projects. Research and Development has always played a critical role in the engineering and technology focused industries. In an era of big data and smart applications, knowledge has become a key enabler for R&D. Managing R&D in the knowledge era requires use of key tools and methods. However, emerging technologies pose many challenges and cause uncertainties or discontinuities, which make the task of managing R&D even more difficult. This book will examine these challenges and provide tools and methods to overcome them. Exploring such industries as automotive, healthcare, business intelligence, energy and home appliances, this book is a valuable resource for academics, scholars, professionals and leaders in innovation, R&D, technology, and engineering management.
R&R
by Howard H. Stevenson Jose-Carlos Jarillo MossiOutlines alternative mechanisms for getting into business. Shows the means by which an experienced entrepreneur can gain control over the necessary resources in order to lower the fixed costs of business entry. Provides a mechanism for discussing the role of experience, credibility, and contacts in the development of a nonbusiness venture.
R-Commerce: Wie die digitalen Champions von morgen mit neuen Datenstrategien echte Kundenbeziehungen aufbauen
by Philipp Spreer Joachim Stalph Dimitrios HaratsisDieses Buch definiert „R-Commerce“ – die nächste Evolutionsstufe im E-Commerce. „R-Commerce“ steht für Relationship-Commerce und verbindet Datenstrategie, Marketing-Technologie und Psychologie zu einem holistischen Ansatz für eine neue digitale Kundenansprache.Menschen digital zu erreichen und zu aktivieren, wird immer herausfordernder – und die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen immer enger. Die größten Chancen für Unternehmen liegen in einem Perspektivwechsel: weg von Kund:innen als „Umsatzbringer“ hin zum R-Commerce, der die Kundenbeziehung, den Respekt vor Nutzerdaten, und das Verstehen der tatsächlichen Bedürfnisse konsequent in den Vordergrund stellt. Wie diese Transformation gelingen kann, zeigen die Autoren anhand der drei grundlegenden Gesetze im R-Commerce. Daraus ergibt sich ein ganzheitliches Konzept, das strategische, technische und organisatorische Aspekte integriert und zugleich die Bedeutung der Psychologie im digitalen Marketing und Vertrieb betont. Ergänzt durch zahlreiche Praxisbeispiele ist dieses Buch ein detaillierter Leitfaden auf dem Weg zum digitalen Champion. Mit einem Gastbeitrag von Prof. Dr. Eric Eller, Studiengangsleiter für Medienpsychologie an der Technischen Hochschule Ingolstadt und als Behavioral Designer bei elaboratum. Aus dem InhaltAuf die Beziehung kommt es an: Aus „E-Commerce“ wird „R-Commerce“Menschen und ihre Entscheidungen verstehen – der Schlüssel im MarketingNeue rechtliche und technische Rahmenbedingungen Was R-Commerce Unternehmen bringt und welche Voraussetzungen es brauchtDer R-Commerce-Fahrplan: der Weg zur datengetriebenen und bedürfniszentrierten KundenbeziehungDie Zielgruppe für R-Commerce-Umsetzung:CEOs und General Manager, die eine strategische Einordnung der wichtigsten Entwicklungen im datengestützten Digital-Business suchen, um Wachstumsperspektiven zu erkennen. CMOs und andere Marketingverantwortliche, die akute Effizienzverluste bereits heute feststellen oder künftig kommen sehen und einen Ausweg aus der Krise finden wollen. CDOs und Business-Intelligence-Verantwortliche, die mit ihrem datenfokussierten Mindset alle Kolleg:innen mitreißen und die beste aller möglichen Datenstrategien identifizieren wollen. CTOs, CIOs und andere Technologie-Verantwortliche, die sich fragen, ob das bestehende Tech Stack die Herausforderungen der beziehungsorientierten Kundenansprache in Echtzeit bewältigen kann. Alle Expert:innen quer durch alle Hierarchieebenen, die direkt oder indirekt für Kund:innen arbeiten und ihren Horizont interdisziplinär erweitern wollen. Leserstimme„R-Commerce schaut nicht operativ auf Marketingkanäle, sondern wirft die Grundsatzfrage im digitalen Marketing auf. Die Autoren setzen sich damit frühzeitig mit einem der zentralen Themen der aktuellen Zeit auseinander – wie findet man zu nachhaltigen Kundenbeziehungen in der digitalen Welt? Empfehlung!“ (Philipp Westermeyer, Gründer von OMR)„Mich begeistert der ganzheitliche Ansatz einer neuen Business-Philosophie: Daten, Technologie und Psychologie müssen heute zusammengedacht werden, um Menschen zu verstehen und Produkte digital zu verkaufen.“ (Björn Kolbmüller, Gründer von Flaconi, Zenloop und Jacasa)„R-Commerce erzeugt Aufbruchstimmung. Kundenzentrierung und -beziehungen sind bereits feste Werte in der Digitalbranche. Mit der richtigen Strategie, Datengrundlage und Tech-Stack werden diese Werte im Buch neu definiert und auf ein neues Niveau gehoben.“ (Fabian Frank, Global Head of Digital Sales and Marketing bei Allianz SE)„Das richtige Buch zur richtigen Zeit. Nachhaltige Kundenbeziehungen sind in einer Welt aus Walled-Garden
R. E. Olds and Industrial Lansing (Images of America)
by Michael RodriguezUpon the dedication of a new Capitol building in 1879, the city of Lansing was just beginning to emerge from the swampy wilderness of its recent past. As industry began to take root along the banks of the Grand River, Ransom Eli Olds brought his father's motor shop to national prominence with advancements in gasoline and steam engines, and then horseless carriages. By the early 20th century, Oldsmobile became the world's first mass producer of automobiles and Olds had moved on to found a second car company, making Lansing the first Auto City. Through these efforts, Olds rose to become one of the nation's greatest industrialists and entrepreneurs. Using primary documents and historical images, this book traces the industrial history of the Capital City within the context of one of the 20th century's greatest entrepreneurs, R.E. Olds.
R. Edward Freeman’s Selected Works on Stakeholder Theory and Business Ethics (Issues in Business Ethics #53)
by R. Edward Freeman Sergiy D. DmytriyevEd Freeman’s influential ideas on stakeholder theory, business ethics, humanities, and capitalism became foundational in the management field and turned around the mainstream thinking about business. Stakeholder theory developed by Freeman and others posits that business is not as much about profits, but rather about creating value for its stakeholders, including employees, customers, communities, financiers, and suppliers. The relationship between a company and its stakeholders is the essence of business and should be of utmost attention to its managers. Managers should avoid resorting to trade-offs by prioritizing one stakeholder group (e.g., shareholders) over the others and strive to run their companies in the interests of all stakeholders. The idea of pursuing the interests of all stakeholders became revolutionary in management and went far beyond the management field, expanding to Law, Health Care, Education, Public Policy and Administration, and Environmental Policy. This book is a collection of Ed Freeman’s most influential and important works on stakeholder theory as well as business ethics, humanities, and capitalism.
R.E.D. Marketing: The Three Ingredients of Leading Brands
by Greg Creed Ken MuenchCreate breakthrough marketing campaigns that achieve staggering consumer response rates by harnessing the power of R.E.D. Marketing: a transparent and flexible methodology from the CEO and CMO of marketing powerhouse Yum! Brands—Taco Bell, KFC, Pizza Hut—with a genuine track record of success.Sidestep the other marketing books, courses, articles, and even TED talks that offer hypothetical explanations that sound sensible. Embrace the proven, systematic approach of RED Marketing, which the recent CEO and current CMO of Yum! Brands applied to lead Taco Bell and KFC to double digit growth—no PhD required!In 2011, Greg Creed had just been elevated from President to CEO of Taco Bell, a brand in deep distress at the time. It was on his shoulders to turn things around quickly along with co-author and CMO, Ken Muench. Together they developed the R.E.D (Relevance, Ease, Distinctiveness) method. It&’s simple methodology does not require complicated terms and a PhD to understand, it&’s actually quite simple—marketing works in three very different ways:Relevance—Is it relevant to the marketplace?Ease—Is it easy to access and use?Distinction—Does it stand out from competition?Combining actual examples from Yum! and other recognizable brands of every size around the world; the latest findings in marketing, neuroscience, and behavioral economics; and the author&’s own experience marketing three different brands across 120 countries—your brand can set and achieve a truly breakthrough marketing campaign utilizing R.E.D Marketing.
R.J. Reynolds International Financing
by W. Carl Kester William B. AllenReynolds must source a substantial portion of the financing of its Nabisco acquisition in offshore bond markets. Morgan Guaranty has proposed a yen/dollar dual currency Eurobond that could be hedged into dollars. This structure is compared to Eurodollar Bonds, Euroyen Bonds, and Euroyen Bonds swapped or hedged into dollars.
R.R. Donnelley & Sons: The Digital Division
by David A. Garvin Artemis MarchIn June 1995, Barbara Schetter, VP and general manager of R.R. Donnelley's Digital Division, is struggling to gain acceptance from other groups and divisions at the printing giant. The Digital Division employs radically new technology--digital printing presses and transactions management systems--to deliver short-run, customized printing. But it is based on a completely different business model than Donnelley's traditional businesses and is finding it difficult to overcome informal resistance.
R.R. Donnelley: Country and Opportunity Analysis in Eastern Europe
by Robert E. KennedyExamines several market entry options for R.R. Donnelley's expansion into Eastern Europe. Used as an introduction to a Harvard Business School course titled "New Opportunities in Emerging Markets." Asks students to consider the following issues: 1) the impact of macroeconomics and political instability on project profitability, 2) market research in an emerging market, 3) choice of a joint venture partner, 4) geographic versus industry diversification, and 5) capital structure.
R/GA: Corporate Venture Studio vs. Accelerator
by Andy Wu Grant Son Aastha ThakkarNew approach to accelerating the development of innovation through corporate venturing by creating partnerships between startup venture and established corporations through the launch of the Global Sports Venture Studios created by R/GA Ventures and the Los Angeles Dodgers.
RB
by Joshua D. Margolis Vincent Dessain Jerome LenhardtAs 2016 was approaching its end, Rakesh Kapoor, CEO of RB, one of the world's major fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies, envisioned the prospect of a major acquisition that would add a line of health-related products that promised growth in the developing markets of Asia. The acquisition would also move RB closer in size to its better-known rivals, such as Unilever or P&G. RB, formerly Reckitt Benckiser, produced health, hygiene and home products and its strategy revolved around 19 top-selling global brands known as Powerbrands, such as antiseptic Dettol or sore throat medicine Strepsils, cold remedy Mucinex. In 2016, the company recorded sales of $13.4 billion and a market capitalization of $62 billion. Kapoor wondered whether the moment was ripe for a major acquisition or if the organization needed more time to adapt to its new health and hygiene oriented strategy and some key organizational changes. Could Kapoor keep what made RB so unique among its FMCG peers intact through this transformation, and would an acquisition advance or jeopardize what distinguished RB?
RBC: Transforming Transformation (A)
by Francesca Gino Aldo Sesia Ethan S. BernsteinHistorically, personal and commercial banks (P&CB) maintained long relationships with their clients who tended to do most if not all of their banking with one bank. However, by 2017, industry-wide change was well underway as switching costs had become negligible if not non-existent. New entrants were disrupting the banking industry as digitization allowed upstarts to break through long-standing barriers to entry. RBC's Cultural Transformation, intended to reposition the enterprise for the "new normal" in the financial industry, included the creation of this team of collaboration enablers (called Operations Transformation or OT) to drive efficiencies across operations within the current fulfillment operating model and importantly to envision and enable a new digital operating model where people only intervened in a transaction when there was an exception, i.e., a transaction that fell outside the technology's capabilities. OT was tasked with enabling-through collaboration and without radical surgery-the day-to-day optimization of P&CB fulfillment activities and facilitating major change in the way work was done. At the time of the case, eighteen months in, the team was seeing mixed results, which deeply troubled its leadership. Questions abounded: Was it foolish to try to enable major change through collaboration without upending the traditional RBC organization with more radical approaches? Or was the OT group not structured correctly to enable it-and if not, what changes should be made? Was a different collaboration model needed? Internally, some questioned whether the group was optimally located within the organization (as part of the back office organization structure), since the back office was often viewed as more of a servant to the front office. Others wondered if OT's internal structure was getting in the way of its purpose.
RBC: Transforming Transformation (B)
by Francesca Gino Aldo Sesia Ethan S. BernsteinHistorically, personal and commercial banks (P&CB) maintained long relationships with their clients who tended to do most if not all of their banking with one bank. However, by 2017, industry-wide change was well underway as switching costs had become negligible if not non-existent. New entrants were disrupting the banking industry as digitization allowed upstarts to break through long-standing barriers to entry. RBC's Cultural Transformation, intended to reposition the enterprise for the "new normal" in the financial industry, included the creation of this team of collaboration enablers (called Operations Transformation or OT) to drive efficiencies across operations within the current fulfillment operating model and importantly to envision and enable a new digital operating model where people only intervened in a transaction when there was an exception, i.e., a transaction that fell outside the technology's capabilities. OT was tasked with enabling-through collaboration and without radical surgery-the day-to-day optimization of P&CB fulfillment activities and facilitating major change in the way work was done. At the time of the case, eighteen months in, the team was seeing mixed results, which deeply troubled its leadership. Questions abounded: Was it foolish to try to enable major change through collaboration without upending the traditional RBC organization with more radical approaches? Or was the OT group not structured correctly to enable it-and if not, what changes should be made? Was a different collaboration model needed? Internally, some questioned whether the group was optimally located within the organization (as part of the back office organization structure), since the back office was often viewed as more of a servant to the front office. Others wondered if OT's internal structure was getting in the way of its purpose.
RCA: Color Television and the Department of Justice (A)
by Willy Shih Gregory DieterichThis case examines the early history of the color television receiver market and the global consequences of an historic 1958 consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice that opened RCA's patents to licensing by domestic competitors royalty-free. This externality had a dramatic impact on the long-term health of the U.S. consumer electronics industry. The associated (B) case is 614-073.
RCI Master Distributor: Evolution of Supplier Relationships
by V. Kasturi RanganTraces the evolution of RCI as a master distributor from the time it was founded in 1946 until 1994. The second-generation owner of the distribution company faces several challenges unique to the 1990s environment that his father did not face. As Danny Schwartz attempts to grapple with those issues, he has to answer the long-term strategic question of the viability of his distribution business.
RE: How the World's Most Prolific Innovators Come Up with Great Ideas that Deliver Extraordinary Outcomes
by Carla JohnsonDiscover the five simple steps to corporate innovation in a practical guide that makes coming up with great ideas everybody’s business.Experts and executives often portray innovation as confusing and complicated. Some even suggest that you need a special degree to know how to do it right. But the truth is, consistently coming up with great ideas isn’t a unique talent or even a difficult skill. It’s actually a simple five-step framework that anyone can follow to look at the work that they do differently, and have a bigger impact on the people they serve.RE:Think Innovation shows readers how to tie individual competence with innovation techniques to direct corporate outcomes. In engaging and accessible language, Carla Johnson demonstrates how to create a unified, idea-driven employee base that delivers more ideas in a shorter amount of time. Ultimately, this is the path that makes organizations nimble, passionate, innovative powerhouses that deliver extraordinary outcomes for sustained periods of time.
RE: RE-newing, RE-inventing, RE-engineering, RE-positioning, RE-juvenating your Business and Life
by Al LautenslagerAs consumers wrestle with tightening credit, inflation, economic slowdown and uncertainties, unemployment, debt, the housing crises, global unrest, mortgage foreclosures, and prognostications of doom and gloom, doing something different is more important than ever. Repositioning, reengineering, renewing, rejuvenating and reenergizing are all rising in priority as they relate to improving businesses, careers, hopes, dreams, personal development and life in general. As a result, Life improvement, battling status quo, ambition, the pursuit of happiness, dealing with change, or exploring the possibilities, are all or in part, on the mind of many today. All of these are related to change, improvement, doing things again or different or re-__________ (insert your Re: word of choice here). This book is the response to the point in time, life and history that our generation is in. It boils down to Re-newing, Re-viving, Re-inventing, Re-engineering, Re-positioning, Re-juvenating your business and life.
REA Accounting Systems and Analytics
by Cheryl L. Dunn Gregory J. GerardREA Accounting Systems and Analytics
REBOOT, REFLECT, REVIVE: Self Esteem in a Selfie World
by Shobha NihalaniReboot, Reflect, Revive demonstrates compellingly why self-esteem is basic to psychological health, professional achievement, personal happiness and positive relationships. It delves in the world of doubts and finds solutions for those self-attacking thoughts which refrain you from forming a positive self-image. It tells you why you should not undermine your built-in skills. Professionals with low self-esteem are stuck in the present and tend to forget their past achievements. Whereas people with high self-esteem will glide through a difficult situation with ease. Through personal stories, exclusive interviews with psychology experts and cutting-edge research, this book shares how our hypercompetitive society affects us and how we make the choice to rise above it and be aligned with our own selves. Now more than ever, it’s time to reboot, reflect and revive our self-esteem to start living a life to our fullest potential.
REDD+ and Business Sustainability: A Guide to Reversing Deforestation for Forward Thinking Companies
by Brian McFarlandThis book provides a detailed look at REDD+ business case studies and best practice and highlights the future of REDD+ in providing a promising mechanism for financing forest conservation while increasing the sustainability and profitability of forward-thinking companies. How can sustainability leaders reverse tropical deforestation? What exactly are payment for ecosystem service forest conservation projects, otherwise known as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+), and how can these projects contribute to business sustainability and profitability? Tropical forests are quickly disappearing – at a rate of nearly one football or soccer field every few seconds. REDD+ simultaneously offers a scalable conservation finance mechanism and a platform for business sustainability. This book focuses on the nexus between tropical forest conservation projects and the sustainability practices of major global businesses. This book contextualizes the issues, defines REDD+ and focuses on its significance to business sustainability including: the role of REDD+ in mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions while reducing business risk to a changing climate; as part of a firm’s philanthropic work; a mechanism to increase consumer loyalty; benefitting upstream local communities and ecosystem services; enhancing corporate social responsibility image and upholding corporate principles; and providing unique marketing opportunities and product positioning through private-sector support of charismatic REDD+ projects.
REDIRECTING INNOVATION IN U.S. HEALTH CARE: Options to Decrease Spending and Increase Value
by Steven Garber Mary E. Vaiana Susan M. Gates Arthur L. Kellermann Emmett B. Keeler Andrew W. Mulcahy Christopher LauNew medical technologies are a leading driver of U. S. health care spending. This report identifies promising policy options to change which medical technologies are created, with two related policy goals: (1) Reduce total health care spending with the smallest possible loss of health benefits, and (2) ensure that new medical products that increase spending are accompanied by health benefits that are worth the spending increases.
REIT in Tutto il Mondo
by Richard Stooker Ionica MonticelliRichiedi la tua quota di reddito di Real Estate Investment Trust da tutto il mondo. Reits in tutto il mondo Richiedi i tuoi profitti da investimenti immobiliari (REIT) da tutto il mondo.Da quando molte società immobiliari private si sono convertite in Real Estate Investment Trusts e detenevano IPO a metà degli anni '90, e con la pubblicazione della prima edizione di Investing in REITs: Real Estate Investment Trust di Ralph L. Block, gli investitori statunitensi hanno stato scoprire gli alti rendimenti dei dividendi possibili investendo in immobili commerciali attraverso società di proprietà pubblica. I REIT non devono pagare le tasse sul reddito che distribuiscono ai detentori di quote - e il governo richiede loro di distribuire almeno il 90%!Ciò significa che pagano molto più denaro delle società ordinarie (che devono pagare le tasse aziendali).I REIT sono mucche da mungere. Ciò che non è così noto è che i paesi di tutto il mondo hanno seguito la guida degli Stati Uniti e hanno creato le loro versioni di Real Estate Investment Trust. Quasi 40 paesi, dall'Australia alla Turchia, hanno leggi che consentono una qualche forma di REIT, utilizzando gli Stati Uniti come modello, ma facendo i loro cambiamenti. Investendo in REIT esteri puoi: 1. Avere un flusso di entrate che è non dipende dal dollaro statunitense (o euro, o yen, o qualunque sia la valuta di residenza). Investendo in REIT esteri, ottieni entrate in una grande varietà di altre valute, che potrebbero aumentare di valore con la caduta del dollaro USA.I due paesi REIT più grandi, più vecchi e più maturi del mondo dietro gli Stati Uniti sono il Canada e l'Australia.Quali due paesi nel mondo hanno visto recentemente il valore delle loro valute salire drasticamente? Canada e Australia.mMa i canadesi e gli australiani hanno bisogno di appartamenti, edifici per uffici e centri commerciali come tutti gli altri. Acquistando azioni dei loro REIT, puoi procurarti alcuni dollari canadesi e au