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Computing Science, Communication and Security: 4th International Conference, COMS2 2023, Mehsana, Gujarat, India, February 6–7, 2023, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1861)
by Nirbhay Chaubey Sabu M. Thampi Noor Zaman Jhanjhi Satyen Parikh Kiran AminThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computing Science, Communication and Security, COMS2 2023, held in Gandhinagar, India, during February 6–7, 2023. The 20 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 190 submissions. They were organized in topical sections on artificial intelligence and machine learning; networking and communications.
Computing Systems for Autonomous Driving
by Weisong Shi Liangkai LiuThis book on computing systems for autonomous driving takes a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art computing technologies, including computing frameworks, algorithm deployment optimizations, systems runtime optimizations, dataset and benchmarking, simulators, hardware platforms, and smart infrastructures. The objectives of level 4 and level 5 autonomous driving require colossal improvement in the computing for this cyber-physical system. Beginning with a definition of computing systems for autonomous driving, this book introduces promising research topics and serves as a useful starting point for those interested in starting in the field. In addition to the current landscape, the authors examine the remaining open challenges to achieve L4/L5 autonomous driving. Computing Systems for Autonomous Driving provides a good introduction for researchers and prospective practitioners in the field. The book can also serve as a useful reference for university courses on autonomous vehicle technologies.This book on computing systems for autonomous driving takes a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art computing technologies, including computing frameworks, algorithm deployment optimizations, systems runtime optimizations, dataset and benchmarking, simulators, hardware platforms, and smart infrastructures. The objectives of level 4 and level 5 autonomous driving require colossal improvement in the computing for this cyber-physical system. Beginning with a definition of computing systems for autonomous driving, this book introduces promising research topics and serves as a useful starting point for those interested in starting in the field. In addition to the current landscape, the authors examine the remaining open challenges to achieve L4/L5 autonomous driving. Computing Systems for Autonomous Driving provides a good introduction for researchers and prospective practitioners in the field. The book can also serve as a useful reference for university courses on autonomous vehicle technologies.
Computing Taste: Algorithms and the Makers of Music Recommendation
by Nick SeaverMeet the people who design the algorithms that capture our musical tastes. The people who make music recommender systems have lofty goals: they want to broaden listeners’ horizons and help obscure musicians find audiences, taking advantage of the enormous catalogs offered by companies like Spotify, Apple Music, and Pandora. But for their critics, recommender systems seem to embody all the potential harms of algorithms: they flatten culture into numbers, they normalize ever-broadening data collection, and they profile their users for commercial ends. Drawing on years of ethnographic fieldwork, anthropologist Nick Seaver describes how the makers of music recommendation navigate these tensions: how product managers understand their relationship with the users they want to help and to capture; how scientists conceive of listening itself as a kind of data processing; and how engineers imagine the geography of the world of music as a space they care for and control. Computing Taste rehumanizes the algorithmic systems that shape our world, drawing attention to the people who build and maintain them. In this vividly theorized book, Seaver brings the thinking of programmers into conversation with the discipline of anthropology, opening up the cultural world of computation in a wide-ranging exploration that travels from cosmology to calculation, myth to machine learning, and captivation to care.
Computing Taste: Algorithms and the Makers of Music Recommendation
by Nick SeaverMeet the people who design the algorithms that capture our musical tastes. The people who make music recommender systems have lofty goals: they want to broaden listeners’ horizons and help obscure musicians find audiences, taking advantage of the enormous catalogs offered by companies like Spotify, Apple Music, and Pandora. But for their critics, recommender systems seem to embody all the potential harms of algorithms: they flatten culture into numbers, they normalize ever-broadening data collection, and they profile their users for commercial ends. Drawing on years of ethnographic fieldwork, anthropologist Nick Seaver describes how the makers of music recommendation navigate these tensions: how product managers understand their relationship with the users they want to help and to capture; how scientists conceive of listening itself as a kind of data processing; and how engineers imagine the geography of the world of music as a space they care for and control. Computing Taste rehumanizes the algorithmic systems that shape our world, drawing attention to the people who build and maintain them. In this vividly theorized book, Seaver brings the thinking of programmers into conversation with the discipline of anthropology, opening up the cultural world of computation in a wide-ranging exploration that travels from cosmology to calculation, myth to machine learning, and captivation to care.
Computing Taste: Algorithms and the Makers of Music Recommendation
by Nick SeaverMeet the people who design the algorithms that capture our musical tastes. The people who make music recommender systems have lofty goals: they want to broaden listeners’ horizons and help obscure musicians find audiences, taking advantage of the enormous catalogs offered by companies like Spotify, Apple Music, and Pandora. But for their critics, recommender systems seem to embody all the potential harms of algorithms: they flatten culture into numbers, they normalize ever-broadening data collection, and they profile their users for commercial ends. Drawing on years of ethnographic fieldwork, anthropologist Nick Seaver describes how the makers of music recommendation navigate these tensions: how product managers understand their relationship with the users they want to help and to capture; how scientists conceive of listening itself as a kind of data processing; and how engineers imagine the geography of the world of music as a space they care for and control. Computing Taste rehumanizes the algorithmic systems that shape our world, drawing attention to the people who build and maintain them. In this vividly theorized book, Seaver brings the thinking of programmers into conversation with the discipline of anthropology, opening up the cultural world of computation in a wide-ranging exploration that travels from cosmology to calculation, myth to machine learning, and captivation to care.
Computing Technologies and Applications: Paving Path Towards Society 5.0 (Demystifying Technologies for Computational Excellence)
by Latesh MalikMaking use of digital technology for social care is a major responsibility of the computing domain. Social care services require attention for ease in social systems, e-farming, and automation, etc. Thus, the book focuses on suggesting software solutions for supporting social issues, such as health care, learning about and monitoring for disabilities, and providing technical solutions for better living. Technology is enabling people to have access to advances so that they can have better health. To undergo the digital transformation, the current processes need to be completely re-engineered to make use of technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and others. Furthermore, it is also important to consider digital initiatives in tandem with their cloud strategy instead of treating them in isolation. At present, the world is going through another, possibly even stronger revolution: the use of recent computing models to perform complex cognitive tasks to solve social problems in ways that were previously either highly complicated or extremely resource intensive. This book not only focuses the computing technologies, basic theories, challenges, and implementation but also covers case studies. It focuses on core theories, architectures, and technologies necessary to develop and understand the computing models and their applications. The book also has a high potential to be used as a recommended textbook for research scholars and post-graduate programs. The book deals with a problem-solving approach using recent tools and technology for problems in health care, social care, etc. Interdisciplinary studies are emerging as both necessary and practical in universities. This book helps to improve computational thinking to "understand and change the world’. It will be a link between computing and a variety of other fields. Case studies on social aspects of modern societies and smart cities add to the contents of the book to enhance book adoption potential. This book will be useful to undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, and industry professionals. Every chapter covers one possible solution in detail, along with results.
Computing the Climate: How We Know What We Know About Climate Change
by Steve M. EasterbrookHow do we know that climate change is an emergency? How did the scientific community reach this conclusion all but unanimously, and what tools did they use to do it? This book tells the story of climate models, tracing their history from nineteenth-century calculations on the effects of greenhouse gases, to modern Earth system models that integrate the atmosphere, the oceans, and the land using the full resources of today's most powerful supercomputers. Drawing on the author's extensive visits to the world's top climate research labs, this accessible, non-technical book shows how computer models help to build a more complete picture of Earth's climate system. 'Computing the Climate' is ideal for anyone who has wondered where the projections of future climate change come from – and why we should believe them.
Computing the News: Data Journalism and the Search for Objectivity
by Sylvain ParasieFaced with a full-blown crisis, a growing number of journalists are engaging in seemingly unjournalistic practices such as creating and maintaining databases, handling algorithms, or designing online applications. “Data journalists” claim that these approaches help the profession demonstrate greater objectivity and fulfill its democratic mission. In their view, computational methods enable journalists to better inform their readers, more closely monitor those in power, and offer deeper analysis. In Computing the News, Sylvain Parasie examines how data journalists and news organizations have navigated the tensions between traditional journalistic values and new technologies. He traces the history of journalistic hopes for computing technology and contextualizes the surge of data journalism in the twenty-first century. By importing computational techniques and ways of knowing new to journalism, news organizations have come to depend on a broader array of human and nonhuman actors. Parasie draws on extensive fieldwork in the United States and France, including interviews with journalists and data scientists as well as a behind-the-scenes look at several acclaimed projects in both countries. Ultimately, he argues, fulfilling the promise of data journalism requires the renewal of journalistic standards and ethics. Offering an in-depth analysis of how computing has become part of the daily practices of journalists, this book proposes ways for journalism to evolve in order to serve democratic societies.
The Computing Universe
by Tony Hey Gyuri PápayComputers now impact almost every aspect of our lives, from our social interactions to the safety and performance of our cars. How did this happen in such a short time? And this is just the beginning. . . . In this book, Tony Hey and Gyuri Pápay lead us on a journey from the early days of computers in the 1930s to the cutting-edge research of the present day that will shape computing in the coming decades. Along the way, they explain the ideas behind hardware, software, algorithms, Moore's Law, the birth of the personal computer, the Internet and the Web, the Turing Test, Jeopardy's Watson, World of Warcraft, spyware, Google, Facebook, and quantum computing. This book also introduces the fascinating cast of dreamers and inventors who brought these great technological developments into every corner of the modern world. This exciting and accessible introduction will open up the universe of computing to anyone who has ever wondered where his or her smartphone came from.
Computing with Data: An Introduction to the Data Industry
by Guy Lebanon Mohamed El-GeishThis book introduces basic computing skills designed for industry professionals without a strong computer science background. Written in an easily accessible manner, and accompanied by a user-friendly website, it serves as a self-study guide to survey data science and data engineering for those who aspire to start a computing career, or expand on their current roles, in areas such as applied statistics, big data, machine learning, data mining, and informatics. The authors draw from their combined experience working at software and social network companies, on big data products at several major online retailers, as well as their experience building big data systems for an AI startup. Spanning from the basic inner workings of a computer to advanced data manipulation techniques, this book opens doors for readers to quickly explore and enhance their computing knowledge. Computing with Data comprises a wide range of computational topics essential for data scientists, analysts, and engineers, providing them with the necessary tools to be successful in any role that involves computing with data. The introduction is self-contained, and chapters progress from basic hardware concepts to operating systems, programming languages, graphing and processing data, testing and programming tools, big data frameworks, and cloud computing. The book is fashioned with several audiences in mind. Readers without a strong educational background in CS--or those who need a refresher--will find the chapters on hardware, operating systems, and programming languages particularly useful. Readers with a strong educational background in CS, but without significant industry background, will find the following chapters especially beneficial: learning R, testing, programming, visualizing and processing data in Python and R, system design for big data, data stores, and software craftsmanship.
Computing with Foresight and Industry: 15th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2019, Durham, UK, July 15–19, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11558)
by Florin Manea Barnaby Martin Daniël Paulusma Giuseppe PrimieroThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2019, held in Durham, UK, in July 2019.The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. In addition, this volume includes 7 invited papers. The conference CiE 2018 had the following six special sessions: computational neuroscience, history and philosophy of computing, lowness notions in computability, probabilistic programming and higher-order computation, smoothed and probabilistic analysis of algorithms, and transnite computations.
Computing with Memory for Energy-Efficient Robust Systems
by Swarup Bhunia Somnath PaulThis book analyzes energy and reliability as major challenges faced by designers of computing frameworks in the nanometer technology regime. The authors describe the existing solutions to address these challenges and then reveal a new reconfigurable computing platform, which leverages high-density nanoscale memory for both data storage and computation to maximize the energy-efficiency and reliability. The energy and reliability benefits of this new paradigm are illustrated and the design challenges are discussed. Various hardware and software aspects of this exciting computing paradigm are described, particularly with respect to hardware-software co-designed frameworks, where the hardware unit can be reconfigured to mimic diverse application behavior. Finally, the energy-efficiency of the paradigm described is compared with other, well-known reconfigurable computing platforms.
Computing with Quantum Cats
by John GribbinA mind-blowing glimpse into the near future, where quantum computing will have world-transforming effects.The quantum computer is no longer the stuff of science fiction. Pioneering physicists are on the brink of unlocking a new quantum universe which provides a better representation of reality than our everyday experiences and common sense ever could. The birth of quantum computers - which, like Schrödinger's famous "dead and alive" cat, rely on entities like electrons, photons, or atoms existing in two states at the same time - is set to turn the computing world on its head.In his fascinating study of this cutting-edge technology, John Gribbin updates his previous views on the nature of quantum reality, arguing for a universe of many parallel worlds where "everything is real." Looking back to Alan Turing's work on the Enigma machine and the first electronic computer, Gribbin explains how quantum theory developed to make quantum computers work in practice as well as in principle. He takes us beyond the arena of theoretical physics to explore their practical applications - from machines which learn through "intuition" and trial and error to unhackable laptops and smartphones. And he investigates the potential for this extraordinary science to create a world where communication occurs faster than light and teleportation is possible.This is an exciting insider's look at the new frontier of computer science and its revolutionary implications.
Computing with the Raspberry Pi: Command Line and GUI Linux
by Brian SchellThe Raspberry Pi is about as minimalist as a computer gets, but it has the power to run a full Linux operating system and many great desktop and command line tools as well. Can you push it to operate at the level of a $2,000 computer? This book is here to help you find out.The primary focus of this book is getting as much as possible done with a simple Pi through non-graphic, non-mouse means. This means the keyboard and the text-mode screen. On the desktop side, you'll look at many of the most powerful GUI apps available, as these offer an easy entry to get started as you learn the command line.You'll begin by setting up and configuring a Raspberry Pi with the option to run it as a graphical desktop environment or even more economically boot straight to the command line. If you want more performance, more efficiency, and (arguably) less complexity from your Pi that can only be found through the keyboard and command line. You'll also set up and configure a Raspberry Pi to use command line tools from within either the Raspberry Pi terminal, or by logging in remotely through some other computer. Once in, you'll look at Package Managers, Tmux, Ranger, and Midnight Commander as general-purpose power tools. The book then gets into specific task-oriented tools for reading email, spreadsheet work, notes, security, web browsing and design, social media, task and video password management, coding, and much more. There are conceptual overviews of Markdown, LaTeX, and Vim for work.What You'll LearnSet up a Raspberry Pi system to get real work done using only the command lineLogin to a Pi remotely to use it as a remote server Integrate desktop Linux with command line mastery to optimize a Pi Work with tools for audio, writing news and weather, books, and graphics.Who This Book Is ForThose with minimal technical skills or hobbyists who are interested in “retro computing” or “minimalist” approaches.
Computing with Windows 7 for the Older and Wiser
by Adrian ArnoldComputing with Windows® 7 for the Older & Wiser is a user friendly guide that takes you step-by-step through the basics of using a computer. Written in an easy-to-understand, jargon free language, it is aimed at complete beginners using PCs running on Microsoft Windows® 7. Inside, you will find step-by-step guidance on:Using the keyboard & the mouseNavigating files and foldersCustomising your desktopUsing Email and the InternetWord processingOrganising your digital photosSafely downloading files from the InternetFinding useful websites and much more
The ComSoc Guide to Managing Telecommunications Projects (The ComSoc Guides to Communications Technologies #7)
by Celia DesmondThis pocket guide provides an overview of the telecommunications environment as it has evolved over the past few years, illustrating the need for project management, the significance of project success to the companies, and the application of key project management processes within the telecom environment. Topics covered include: scope management, time management, cost management, procurement management, risk management, communications, quality, human resources, and Integration. It offers professionals a brief and accessible guide to managing telecommunication projects in the 21st century.
Concentration of Measure for the Analysis of Randomized Algorithms
by Devdatt P. Dubhashi Alessandro PanconesiRandomized algorithms have become a central part of the algorithms curriculum, based on their increasingly widespread use in modern applications. This book presents a coherent and unified treatment of probabilistic techniques for obtaining high probability estimates on the performance of randomized algorithms. It covers the basic toolkit from the Chernoff–Hoeffding bounds to more sophisticated techniques like martingales and isoperimetric inequalities, as well as some recent developments like Talagrand's inequality, transportation cost inequalities and log-Sobolev inequalities. Along the way, variations on the basic theme are examined, such as Chernoff–Hoeffding bounds in dependent settings. The authors emphasise comparative study of the different methods, highlighting respective strengths and weaknesses in concrete example applications. The exposition is tailored to discrete settings sufficient for the analysis of algorithms, avoiding unnecessary measure-theoretic details, thus making the book accessible to computer scientists as well as probabilists and discrete mathematicians.
Concept Generation for Design Creativity: A Systematized Theory and Methodology
by Yukari Nagai Toshiharu TauraThe concept generation process seems like an intuitional thought: difficult to capture and perform, although everyone is capable of it. It is not an analytical process but a synthetic process which has yet to be clarified. Furthermore, new research methods for investigating the concept generation process--a very difficult task since the concept generation process is driven by inner feelings deeply etched in the mind--are necessary to establish its theory and methodology. Concept Generation for Design Creativity - A Systematized Theory and Methodology presents the concept generation process both theoretically and methodologically. Theoretically, the concept generation process is discussed by comparing metaphor, abduction, and General Design Theory from the notions of similarities and dissimilarities. Analogy, blending, and integration by thematic relation have been explained methodologically. So far, these theories and methods have been discussed independently, and the relations among them have not been clarified. Two newly developed research methods to investigate the concept generation process are clearly explained: the explanation-based protocol analysis and constructive simulation. By reading Concept Generation for Design Creativity - A Systematized Theory and Methodology, students, researchers and lecturers in design disciplines (including engineering design, industrial design, software design, CHI, design education, and cognitive science ) can obtain a clear picture of the advanced research findings and the outline of the theories and methods for concept generation. Furthermore, readers are expected to achieve the competence to generate new concepts.
The Concept of Enterprise Architecture from Theory to Practice
by Tiko IyamuEven though the field of enterprise architecture (EA) has matured, many organisations still struggle with its development and implementation, particularly those organisations involved in continuous transformational cycles and subjected to different environmental trends. This book is intended to assist organisations in getting a grip on the factors influencing EA implementation and gaining a deeper understanding of why things happen the way they do in the practice of EA. It is a comprehensive and definitive resource that is useful to both business professionals and academics. The book presents an approach for the development, implementation, or institutionalisation of EA that is independent of any method or other architecture frameworks. It can be applied directly using a realistic selection of organizational variables. The approach has two distinctive features that support EA, even in complex environments: From both technical and non-technical perspectives, it identifies influencing factors and how they manifest in the practice of EA in an organization. It offers linear and practical mechanisms for developing and implementing EA to fortify the practice of the concept in an organisation. This approach represents a significant contribution to EA. Starting with descriptions for EA, the book offers deepened models and frameworks for the development and implementation of EA at the domain level. It also covers factors upon which a model is built for the institutionalisation of the concept. Additionally, the book discusses the implications of EA for sponsors, architects, and other stakeholders responsible for EA development, implementation, and institutionalisation.
The Concept of Matter: A Journey from Antiquity to Quantum Physics (History of Physics)
by Florestano EvangelistiOur current concept of matter, one of scientific research’s greatest successes, represents a long journey, from questions posed during the birth of philosophy in Ancient Greece to recent advances in physics and chemistry, including Quantum Physics. This book outlines that journey. The book has three parts, each detailing a phase of the journey. The first saw the development of a conception based on "classical" physics; the second saw the construction of the "old" quantum theory attempting to explain the mysterious properties of matter, resulting in formulation of the "new" quantum theory; the third saw the formation of the modern conception of matter, based on quantum mechanics. Along the way, various topics are discussed, including: rediscovery and appropriation of antiquity by Western culture in the modern era; the subsequent revision process in the 16th and 17th centuries and the new experiments and theories of the 18th; attempts to understand the mysterious properties of matter that could not be explained by classical physics; the first quantization hypotheses; discovery of new purely "quantum-mechanical" properties of matter; and the ultimate clarification of atomic structure. This book is aimed at anyone who wants a clear picture of how we arrived at the modern conception of matter.
Concepts and Case Studies in Threat Management
by Frederick S. Calhoun Stephen W. Weston J.D.Professionalization has come to the field of threat management. It has developed a systematic theory unique to the field, recognized authorities have emerged, and it is finding its own ethical code of conduct. It is also beginning to grow its own culture, complete with a vocabulary of its own. Although the field has a way to go, it is well along th
Concepts and Methods for a Librarian of the Web (Studies in Big Data #62)
by Mario KubekThe World Wide Web can be considered a huge library that in consequence needs a capable librarian responsible for the classification and retrieval of documents as well as the mediation between library resources and users. Based on this idea, the concept of the “Librarian of the Web” is introduced which comprises novel, librarian-inspired methods and technical solutions to decentrally search for text documents in the web using peer-to-peer technology.The concept’s implementation in the form of an interactive peer-to-peer client, called “WebEngine”, is elaborated on in detail. This software extends and interconnects common web servers creating a fully integrated, decentralised and self-organising web search system on top of the existing web structure. Thus, the web is turned into its own powerful search engine without the need for any central authority.This book is intended for researchers and practitioners having a solid background in the fields of Information Retrieval and Web Mining.
Concepts and Real-Time Applications of Deep Learning (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Smriti Srivastava Manju Khari Ruben Gonzalez Crespo Gopal Chaudhary Parul AroraThis book provides readers with a comprehensive and recent exposition in deep learning and its multidisciplinary applications, with a concentration on advances of deep learning architectures. The book discusses various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques based on deep learning architecture with applications in natural language processing, semantic knowledge, forecasting and many more. The authors shed light on various applications that can benefit from the use of deep learning in pattern recognition, person re-identification in surveillance videos, action recognition in videos, image and video captioning. The book also highlights how deep learning concepts can be interwoven with more modern concepts to yield applications in multidisciplinary fields.Presents a comprehensive look at deep learning and its multidisciplinary applications, concentrating on advances of deep learning architectures;Includes a survey of deep learning problems and solutions, identifying the main open issues, innovations and latest technologies;Shows industrial deep learning in practice with examples/cases, efforts, challenges, and strategic approaches.
Concepts and Semantics of Programming Languages 1: A Semantical Approach with OCaml and Python
by Therese Hardin Mathieu Jaume Francois Pessaux Veronique Viguie Donzeau-GougeThis book – the first of two volumes – explores the syntactical constructs of the most common programming languages, and sheds a mathematical light on their semantics, while also providing an accurate presentation of the material aspects that interfere with coding. Concepts and Semantics of Programming Languages 1 is dedicated to functional and imperative features. Included is the formal study of the semantics of typing and execution; their acquisition is facilitated by implementation into OCaml and Python, as well as by worked examples. Data representation is considered in detail: endianness, pointers, memory management, union types and pattern-matching, etc., with examples in OCaml, C and C++. The second volume introduces a specific model for studying modular and object features and uses this model to present Ada and OCaml modules, and subsequently Java, C++, OCaml and Python classes and objects. This book is intended not only for computer science students and teachers but also seasoned programmers, who will find a guide to reading reference manuals and the foundations of program verification.
Concepts and Semantics of Programming Languages 2: Modular and Object-oriented Constructs with OCaml, Python, C++, Ada and Java
by Therese Hardin Mathieu Jaume François Pessaux Veronique Viguie Donzeau-GougeThis book – composed of two volumes – explores the syntactical constructs of the most common programming languages, and sheds a mathematical light on their semantics, providing also an accurate presentation of the material aspects that interfere with coding.Concepts and Semantics of Programming Languages 2 presents an original semantic model, collectively taking into account all of the constructs and operations of modules and classes: visibility, import, export, delayed definitions, parameterization by types and values, extensions, etc. The model serves for the study of Ada and OCaml modules, as well as C header files. It can be deployed to model object and class features, and is thus used to describe Java, C++, OCaml and Python classes.This book is intended not only for computer science students and teachers but also seasoned programmers, who will find a guide to reading reference manuals and the foundations of program verification.