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Note Taking Activities in E-Learning Environments (Behaviormetrics: Quantitative Approaches to Human Behavior #11)
by Minoru NakayamaThe main focus of this book is presenting practical procedures for improving learning effectiveness using note taking activities during e-learning courses. Although presentation of e-learning activities recently has been spreading to various education sectors, some practical problems have been discussed such as evaluation of learning performance and encouragement of students. The authors introduce note taking activity as a conventional learning tool in order to promote individual learning activity and learning efficacy. The effectiveness of note taking has been measured in practical teaching in a Japanese university using techniques of learning analytics, and the results are shown here. The relationships between note taking activity and students’ characteristics, the possibility of predicting the final learning performance using metrics of students’ note taking, and the effectiveness for individual emotional learning factors are evaluated. Some differences between blended learning and fully online learning courses are also discussed. The authors provide novel analytical procedures and ideas to manage e-learning courses. In particular, the assessment of note taking activity may help to track individual learning progress and to encourage learning motivation.
Notes On Graphic Design And Visual Communications
by Gregg BerrymanEssential design information that provides a visual vocabulary and an introduction to concepts of design based on the work of well-known designers.
Notes on Projectile Impact Analyses
by Hao Wu Yong Peng Xiangzhen KongThis book presents comprehensive experimental, numerical, and theoretical research on projectile impact analysis, such as the rigid projectile penetration/perforation of concrete and metallic targets, and shaped-charge-formed projectile and jet penetrations. Concrete and metal materials are widely used in protective structures in both civil engineering and armored vehicles, such as military fortifications, underground shelters, infantry fighting vehicles, and tanks, which are designed to withstand intentional or accidental impact loadings caused by projectiles and fragments, and the responses of these targets under projectile impact have been a topic of discussion for several decades. Written for researchers and engineers working in the fields of protective structures and high-speed penetration mechanics, the book is also a valuable reference for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students majoring in defense engineering, terminal ballistics and other related fields.
Nothing to Hide: The False Tradeoff Between Privacy and Security
by Daniel J. Solove"If you've got nothing to hide," many people say, "you shouldn't worry about government surveillance. " Others argue that we must sacrifice privacy for security. But as Daniel J. Solove argues in this important book, these arguments and many others are flawed. They are based on mistaken views about what it means to protect privacy and the costs and benefits of doing so. The debate between privacy and security has been framed incorrectly as a zero-sum game in which we are forced to choose between one value and the other. Why can't we have both? In this concise and accessible book, Solove exposes the fallacies of many pro-security arguments that have skewed law and policy to favor security at the expense of privacy. Protecting privacy isn't fatal to security measures; it merely involves adequate oversight and regulation. Solove traces the history of the privacy-security debate from the Revolution to the present day. He explains how the law protects privacy and examines concerns with new technologies. He then points out the failings of our current system and offers specific remedies. Nothing to Hidemakes a powerful and compelling case for reaching a better balance between privacy and security and reveals why doing so is essential to protect our freedom and democracy.
Nova revolução digital: Como ganhar dinheiro com impressão 3D
by Adidas WilsonComo a impressão 3D está se tornando popular, muitas pessoas estão ganhando uma fortuna e se tornando grandes na indústria. Tal conquista pode não ser moleza, mas procurar maneiras de obter um avanço é, de longe, a única maneira de chegar lá e perceber o que os outros conceituaram em meios lucrativos. Se você sempre teve interesse em impressão 3D e está ganhando dinheiro com essa tecnologia, já é hora de trabalhar com inteligência para vencer os desafios à frente. Os modelos imprimíveis em 3D podem ser criados com um pacote de desenho assistido por computador (CAD), por meio de um scanner 3D, ou por uma câmera digital simples e um software de fotogrametria. Modelos impressos em 3D criados com CAD resultam em erros reduzidos e podem ser corrigidos antes da impressão, permitindo a verificação no design do objeto antes de ser impresso. Vários projetos e empresas estão se esforçando para desenvolver impressoras 3D acessíveis para uso em desktop doméstico. Grande parte deste trabalho foi dirigido e direcionado a comunidades de DIY / fabricantes / entusiasta / pioneiro, com laços adicionais com as comunidades acadêmicas e hackers. A impressão tridimensional torna tão barato criar itens únicos quanto produzir milhares e, assim, prejudicar as economias de escala. Pode ter um impacto tão profundo no mundo quanto a chegada da fábrica... Assim como ninguém poderia prever o impacto da máquina a vapor em 1750 - ou a impressora em 1450, ou o transistor em 1950. É impossível prever o impacto a longo prazo da impressão 3D. Mas a tecnologia está chegando, e é provável que atrapalhe todos os campos que ela toca.
Novacene: The Coming Age of Hyperintelligence
by James Lovelock Bryan AppleyardJames Lovelock, creator of the Gaia hypothesis and the greatest environmental thinker of our time, has produced an astounding new theory about the future of life on Earth. He argues that the Anthropocene--the age in which humans acquired planetary-scale technologies--is, after 300 years, coming to an end. A new age--the Novacene--has already begun. In the Novacene, new beings will emerge from existing artificial intelligence systems. They will think 10,000 times faster than we do and they will regard us as we now regard plants. But this will not be the cruel, violent machine takeover of the planet imagined by science fiction. These hyperintelligent beings will be as dependent on the health of the planet as we are. They will need the planetary cooling system of Gaia to defend them from the increasing heat of the sun as much as we do. And Gaia depends on organic life. We will be partners in this project. It is crucial, Lovelock argues, that the intelligence of Earth survives and prospers. He does not think there are intelligent aliens, so we are the only beings capable of understanding the cosmos. Perhaps, he speculates, the Novacene could even be the beginning of a process that will finally lead to intelligence suffusing the entire cosmos. At the age of 100, James Lovelock has produced the most important and compelling work of his life. James Lovelock is the originator of the Gaia hypothesis (now Gaia theory). His many books on the subject include Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth, The Revenge of Gaia, The Vanishing Face of Gaia, and A Rough Ride to the Future. The author of more than 200 scientific papers, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1974."
Novel 3D Media Technologies
by Ahmet Kondoz Tasos DagiuklasThis book describes recent innovations in 3D media and technologies, with coverage of 3D media capturing, processing, encoding, and adaptation, networking aspects for 3D Media, and quality of user experience (QoE). The contributions are based on the results of the FP7 European Project ROMEO, which focuses on new methods for the compression and delivery of 3D multi-view video and spatial audio, as well as the optimization of networking and compression jointly across the future Internet. The delivery of 3D media to individual users remains a highly challenging problem due to the large amount of data involved, diverse network characteristics and user terminal requirements, as well as the user's context such as their preferences and location. As the number of visual views increases, current systems will struggle to meet the demanding requirements in terms of delivery of consistent video quality to fixed and mobile users. ROMEO will present hybrid networking solutions that combine the DVB-T2 and DVB-NGH broadcast access network technologies together with a QoE aware Peer-to-Peer (P2P) distribution system that operates over wired and wireless links. Live streaming 3D media needs to be received by collaborating users at the same time or with imperceptible delay to enable them to watch together while exchanging comments as if they were all in the same location. This book is the second of a series of three annual volumes devoted to the latest results of the FP7 European Project ROMEO. The present volume provides state-of-the-art information on immersive media, 3D multi-view video, spatial audio, cloud-based media, networking protocols for 3D media, P2P 3D media streaming, and 3D Media delivery across heterogeneous wireless networks among other topics. Graduate students and professionals in electrical engineering and computer science with an interest in 3D Future Internet Media will find this volume to be essential reading. Describes the latest innovations in 3D technologies and Future Internet Media Focuses on research to facilitate application scenarios such as social TV and high-quality, real-time collaboration Discusses QoE for 3D Represents the last of a series of three volumes devoted to contributions from FP7 projects in the area of 3D and networked media
Novel Bioinspired Actuator Designs for Robotics (Studies in Computational Intelligence #888)
by Philipp Beckerle Maziar Ahmad Sharbafi Tom Verstraten Peter P. Pott André SeyfarthThis book discusses biologically inspired robotic actuators designed to offer improved robot performance and approaching human-like efficiency and versatility. It assesses biological actuation and control in the human motor system, presents a range of technical actuation approaches, and discusses potential applications in wearable robots, i.e., powered prostheses and exoskeletons.Gathering the findings of internationally respected researchers from various fields, the book provides a uniquely broad perspective on bioinspired actuator designs for robotics. Its scope includes fundamental aspects of biomechanics and neuromechanics, actuator and control design, and their application in (wearable) robotics. The book offers PhD students and advanced graduate students an essential introduction to the field, while providing researchers a cutting-edge research perspective.
Novel Developments in Futuristic AI-based Technologies (Algorithms for Intelligent Systems)
by Manoj Sahni José M. Merigó Walayat HussainThe book offers many ideas based on the artificial intelligence techniques, fueled by digital technologies that can be implemented in human lives to make them smarter and more intelligent to survive in this rapidly changing world. This book contains diverse applications based on intelligence systems, such as in the development of innovative digital technologies based on cloud-based infrastructure, agriculture supply-chain management, technology that enables the visually impaired to live more comfortably and confidently in their daily lives. It contains new techniques of encryption and decryption, development of various decision-making systems, artificial intelligence techniques in medical areas, etc. This book addresses newly developed technologies and key ideas for new theory which can be used in the development of more advanced and intelligent world for better future.
Novel Diffusion-Based Models for Image Restoration and Interpolation (Signals and Communication Technology)
by Tudor BarbuThis book covers two essential PDE-based image processing fields: image denoising and image inpainting. It describes the state-of-the-art PDE-based image restoration and interpolation (inpainting) techniques, focusing on the latest advances in PDE-based image processing and analysis, and explores novel techniques involving diffusion-based models and variational schemes. The PDE and variational schemes clearly outperform the conventional approaches in these areas, and can successfully remove image noise and reconstruct missing or highly degraded regions, while preserving the essential features and avoiding unintended effects. The book addresses researchers and graduate students, but is also well suited for professionals in both the mathematics and electrical engineering domains, as it provides rigorous mathematical investigations of the image processing models described, as well as mathematical treatments for the numerical approximation schemes of these differential models.
Novel Financial Applications of Machine Learning and Deep Learning: Algorithms, Product Modeling, and Applications (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #336)
by Mohammad Zoynul Abedin Petr HajekThis book presents the state-of-the-art applications of machine learning in the finance domain with a focus on financial product modeling, which aims to advance the model performance and minimize risk and uncertainty. It provides both practical and managerial implications of financial and managerial decision support systems which capture a broad range of financial data traits. It also serves as a guide for the implementation of risk-adjusted financial product pricing systems, while adding a significant supplement to the financial literacy of the investigated study. The book covers advanced machine learning techniques, such as Support Vector Machine, Neural Networks, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Extreme Learning Machine, Deep Learning Approaches, and their application to finance datasets. It also leverages real-world financial instances to practice business product modeling and data analysis. Software code, such as MATLAB, Python and/or R including datasets within a broad range of financial domain are included for more rigorous practice. The book primarily aims at providing graduate students and researchers with a roadmap for financial data analysis. It is also intended for a broad audience, including academics, professional financial analysts, and policy-makers who are involved in forecasting, modeling, trading, risk management, economics, credit risk, and portfolio management.
Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems: Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #783)
by Katerina Kabassi Phivos Mylonas Jaime CaroThis book summarizes the research findings presented at the 3rd International Conference on Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems (NiDS 2023). NiDS 2023 held in Athens, Greece, during September 28–29, 2023, under the auspices of the Institute of Intelligent Systems. The conference was implemented hybrid, allowing participants to attend it either online or onsite. NiDS 2023 places significant importance on the innovations within intelligent systems and the collaborative research that empowers and enriches artificial intelligence (AI) in software development. It encourages high-quality research, establishing a forum for investigating the obstacles and cutting-edge breakthroughs in AI. The conference is designed for experts, researchers, and scholars in artificial and computational intelligence, as well as computer science in general, offering them the opportunity to delve into relevant, interconnected, and mutually complementary fields. By facilitating the exchange of ideas, the conference strengthens and broadens the network of researchers, academics, and industry representatives.
Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems: Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #784)
by Katerina Kabassi Phivos Mylonas Jaime CaroThis book summarizes the research findings presented at the 3rd International Conference on Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems (NiDS 2023). NiDS 2023 held in Athens, Greece, during September 28–29, 2023, under the auspices of the Institute of Intelligent Systems. The conference was implemented hybrid, allowing participants to attend it either online or onsite. NiDS 2023 places significant importance on the innovations within intelligent systems and the collaborative research that empowers and enriches artificial intelligence (AI) in software development. It encourages high-quality research, establishing a forum for investigating the obstacles and cutting-edge breakthroughs in AI. The conference is designed for experts, researchers, and scholars in artificial and computational intelligence, as well as computer science in general, offering them the opportunity to delve into relevant, interconnected, and mutually complementary fields. By facilitating the exchange of ideas, the conference strengthens and broadens the network of researchers, academics, and industry representatives.
Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #556)
by Akrivi Krouska Christos Troussas Jaime CaroThis book summarizes the research findings presented at the 2nd International Conference on Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems (NiDS 2022). NiDS 2022 was implemented virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions, on September 29-30, 2022, under the auspices of the Institute of Intelligent Systems. NiDS lays special emphasis on the novelties of intelligent systems and on the interdisciplinary research which enables, supports, and enhances artificial intelligence (AI) in software development. It promotes high-quality research, creating a forum for the exploration of challenges and new advances in AI, and addresses experts, researchers, and scholars in the fields of artificial and computational intelligence in systems and in computer sciences in general, enabling them to learn more about pertinent, strongly related, and mutually complementary fields. The conference promotes an exchange of ideas, reinforcing and expanding the network of researchers, academics, and market representatives.
Novel Methods and Technologies for Enterprise Information Systems
by Felix Piazolo Michael FeldererThis volume presents the revised and peer reviewed contributions of the 'ERP Future 2013' conference held in Vienna/Austria on November 12-13th, 2013. The ERP Future 2013 Research conference is a scientific platform for research on enterprise information systems in general and specifically on core topics like business process management (BPM), business intelligence (BI) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Besides the scientific community the event also addresses businesses developing, implementing and intensively using enterprise information systems. To master the challenges of enterprise information systems comprehensively, the ERP Future 2013 Research conference accepted contributions with a business as well as an IT focus to consider enterprise information systems from various viewpoints. This combination of business and IT aspects is a unique characteristic of the conference that resulted in several valuable contributions with high theoretical as well as practical impact.
Novel Motion Anchoring Strategies for Wavelet-based Highly Scalable Video Compression
by Dominic RüfenachtA key element of any modern video codec is the efficient exploitation of temporal redundancy via motion-compensated prediction. In this book, a novel paradigm of representing and employing motion information in a video compression system is described that has several advantages over existing approaches. Traditionally, motion is estimated, modelled, and coded as a vector field at the target frame it predicts. While this “prediction-centric” approach is convenient, the fact that the motion is “attached” to a specific target frame implies that it cannot easily be re-purposed to predict or synthesize other frames, which severely hampers temporal scalability. In light of this, the present book explores the possibility of anchoring motion at reference frames instead. Key to the success of the proposed “reference-based” anchoring schemes is high quality motion inference, which is enabled by the use of a more “physical” motion representation than the traditionally employed “block” motion fields. The resulting compression system can support computationally efficient, high-quality temporal motion inference, which requires half as many coded motion fields as conventional codecs. Furthermore, “features” beyond compressibility — including high scalability, accessibility, and “intrinsic” framerate upsampling — can be seamlessly supported. These features are becoming ever more relevant as the way video is consumed continues shifting from the traditional broadcast scenario to interactive browsing of video content over heterogeneous networks.This book is of interest to researchers and professionals working in multimedia signal processing, in particular those who are interested in next-generation video compression. Two comprehensive background chapters on scalable video compression and temporal frame interpolation make the book accessible for students and newcomers to the field.
Novel Techniques in Recovering, Embedding, and Enforcing Policies for Control-Flow Integrity (Information Security and Cryptography)
by Yan LinThere are three fundamental components in Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) enforcement. The first component is accurately recovering the policy (CFG). Usually, the more precise the policy is, the more security CFI improves, but precise CFG generation was considered hard without the support of source code. The second component is embedding the CFI policy securely. Current CFI enforcement usually inserts checks before indirect branches to consult a read-only table which stores the valid CFG information. However, this kind of read-only table can be overwritten by some kinds of attacks (e.g., the Rowhammer attack and data-oriented programming). The third component is to efficiently enforce the CFI policy. In current approaches CFI checks are always executed whenever there is an indirect control flow transfer. Therefore, it is critical to minimize the performance impact of CFI checks.In this book, we propose novel solutions to handle these three fundamental components. To generate a precise CFI policy without the support of the source code, we systematically study two methods which recover CFI policy based on function signature matching at the binary level and propose our novel rule- and heuristic-based mechanism to more accurately recover function signature. To embed CFI policy securely, we design a novel platform which encodes the policy into the machine instructions directly without relying on consulting any read-only data structure, by making use of the idea of instruction-set randomization. Each basic block is encrypted with a key derived from the CFG. To efficiently enforce CFI policy, we make use of a mature dynamic code optimization platform called DynamoRIO to enforce the policy so that we are only required to do the CFI check when needed.
Novelty, Information and Surprise
by Günther PalmThe book offers a new approach to information theory that is more general then the classical approach by Shannon. The classical definition of information is given for an alphabet of symbols or for a set of mutually exclusive propositions (a partition of the probability space Ω) with corresponding probabilities adding up to 1. The new definition is given for an arbitrary cover of Ω, i.e. for a set of possibly overlapping propositions. The generalized information concept is called novelty and it is accompanied by two new concepts derived from it, designated as information and surprise, which describe "opposite" versions of novelty, information being related more to classical information theory and surprise being related more to the classical concept of statistical significance. In the discussion of these three concepts and their interrelations several properties or classes of covers are defined, which turn out to be lattices. The book also presents applications of these new concepts, mostly in statistics and in neuroscience.
Novelty, Information and Surprise (Information Science and Statistics)
by Günther PalmThis revised edition offers an approach to information theory that is more general than the classical approach of Shannon. Classically, information is defined for an alphabet of symbols or for a set of mutually exclusive propositions (a partition of the probability space Ω) with corresponding probabilities adding up to 1. The new definition is given for an arbitrary cover of Ω, i.e. for a set of possibly overlapping propositions. The generalized information concept is called novelty and it is accompanied by two concepts derived from it, designated as information and surprise, which describe "opposite" versions of novelty, information being related more to classical information theory and surprise being related more to the classical concept of statistical significance. In the discussion of these three concepts and their interrelations several properties or classes of covers are defined, which turn out to be lattices. The book also presents applications of these concepts, mostly in statistics and in neuroscience.
Now For Then: How To Face The Digital Future Without Fear
by Ben HammersleyIn 64 THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW NOW FOR THEN, Editor-at-Large for Wired magazine and guru of the digital age Ben Hammersley gives us the essential guide to the things we need to know for life in the 21st century. Explaining the effects of the changes in the modern world, and the latest ideas in technology, culture, business and politics, this book will demystify the internet, decode cyberspace, and guide you through the innovations of the revolution we are all living through. This is not a book for geeks. 64 THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW NOW FOR THEN is for everyone who wants to truly understand the modern world, to no longer be confused by the changes in society, business and culture, and to truly prosper in the coming decade.
Now For Then: How to Face the Digital Future Without Fear
by Ben HammersleyIn 64 THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW NOW FOR THEN, Editor-at-Large for Wired magazine and guru of the digital age Ben Hammersley gives us the essential guide to the things we need to know for life in the 21st century. Explaining the effects of the changes in the modern world, and the latest ideas in technology, culture, business and politics, this book will demystify the internet, decode cyberspace, and guide you through the innovations of the revolution we are all living through. This is not a book for geeks. 64 THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW NOW FOR THEN is for everyone who wants to truly understand the modern world, to no longer be confused by the changes in society, business and culture, and to truly prosper in the coming decade.
Now the Chips Are Down: The BBC Micro
by Alison GazzardIn 1982, the British Broadcasting Corporation launched its Computer Literacy Project, intended "to introduce interested adults to the world of computers and computing." The BBC accompanied this initiative with television programs, courses, books, and software -- an early experiment in multi-platform education. The BBC, along with Acorn Computers, also introduced the BBC Microcomputer, which would be at the forefront of the campaign. The BBC Micro was designed to meet the needs of users in homes and schools, to demystify computing, and to counter the general pessimism among the media in Britain about technology. In this book, Alison Gazzard looks at the BBC Micro, examining the early capabilities of multi-platform content generation and consumption and the multiple literacies this approach enabled -- not only in programming and software creation, but also in accessing information across a range of media, and in "do-it-yourself" computing. She links many of these early developments to current new-media practices. Gazzard looks at games developed for the BBC Micro, including Granny's Garden, an educational game for primary schools, and Elite, the seminal space-trading game. She considers the shift in focus from hardware to peripherals, describing the Teletext Adapter as an early model for software distribution and the Domesday Project (which combined texts, video, and still photographs) as a hypermedia-like experience. Gazzard's account shows the BBC Micro not only as a vehicle for various literacies but also as a user-oriented machine that pushed the boundaries of what could be achieved in order to produce something completely new.
Now the Chips Are Down: The BBC Micro (Platform Studies)
by Alison GazzardThe story of a pioneering microcomputer: its beginnings as part of a national Computer Literary Project, its innovative hardware, and its creative uses.In 1982, the British Broadcasting Corporation launched its Computer Literacy Project, intended “to introduce interested adults to the world of computers and computing.” The BBC accompanied this initiative with television programs, courses, books, and software—an early experiment in multi-platform education. The BBC, along with Acorn Computers, also introduced the BBC Microcomputer, which would be at the forefront of the campaign. The BBC Micro was designed to meet the needs of users in homes and schools, to demystify computing, and to counter the general pessimism among the media in Britain about technology. In this book, Alison Gazzard looks at the BBC Micro, examining the early capabilities of multi-platform content generation and consumption and the multiple literacies this approach enabled—not only in programming and software creation, but also in accessing information across a range of media, and in “do-it-yourself” computing. She links many of these early developments to current new-media practices.Gazzard looks at games developed for the BBC Micro, including Granny's Garden, an educational game for primary schools, and Elite, the seminal space-trading game. She considers the shift in focus from hardware to peripherals, describing the Teletext Adapter as an early model for software distribution and the Domesday Project (which combined texts, video, and still photographs) as a hypermedia-like experience. Gazzard's account shows the BBC Micro not only as a vehicle for various literacies but also as a user-oriented machine that pushed the boundaries of what could be achieved in order to produce something completely new.
Now You See It
by Davidson Cathy N.When Cathy Davidson and Duke University gave free iPods to every member of the incoming freshman class in 2003, they didn't expect the uproar that followed. Critics called it a waste: What educational value could a music player have for college kids? Yet by the end of the year, Duke students had found academic uses for the new devices in virtually every discipline. The iPod experiment proved to be a classic example of the power of disruption -- a way of refocusing attention to illuminate unseen possibilities. Using cutting-edge research on the brain, Davidson shows how the phenomenon of "attention blindness" shapes our lives, and how it has led to one of the greatest problems of our historical moment: Although we blog, tweet, and text as if by instinct, far too many of us still toil in schools and workplaces designed for the last century, not the one we live in. To change this, we must ask ourselves critical questions: How can we redesign our schools to prepare our kids for the challenges they'll face as adults? What will the workers and workplaces of the future look like? And how can we learn to adapt to life changes that seem almost too revolutionary to contemplate?Davidson takes us on a tour of the future of work and education, introducing us to visionaries whose groundbreaking ideas will soon affect us all. Now You See It opens a window onto the possibilities of a world in which the rigid ideas of the twentieth century have been wiped away and replaced with the flowing, collaborative spirit built into the very design of the Internet.
Now you see it: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis
by Stephen FewThis book features graphical techniques that can be applied to a broad range of software tools, including Microsoft Excel, because so many people have nothing else, but also more powerful visual analysis tools that can dramatically extend your analytical reach. You'll learn to make sense of quantitative data by discerning the meaningful patterns, trends, relationships, and exceptions that measure your organization's performance, identify potential problems and opportunities, and reveal what will likely happen in the future.