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Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence: 20th International Conference, MDAI 2023, Umeå, Sweden, June 19–22, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13890)
by Vicenç Torra Yasuo NarukawaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, MDAI 2023, held in Umeå, Sweden, during June19–22,2023.The 17 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. Additionally, 1 invited paper were included. The papers discuss different facets of decision processes in a broad sense and present research in data science, data privacy, aggregation functions, human decision making, graphs and social networks, and recommendation and search.The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Decision making and uncertainty; Machine Learning and data science; and Data privacy.
Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence: 21st International Conference, MDAI 2024, Tokyo, Japan, August 27–31, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14986)
by Vicenç Torra Yasuo Narukawa Hiroaki KikuchiThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, MDAI 2024, held in Umeå, Sweden, during August 27-30, 2024. The 18 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. There were organized in topical headings as follows: Fuzzy measures and integrals; uncertainty in AI; clustering; and data science and data privacy.
Modeling Discrete-Event Systems with GPenSIM: An Introduction (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Reggie DavidrajuhModeling Discrete-Event Systems with GPenSIM describes the design and applications of General Purpose Petri Net Simulator (GPenSIM), which is a software tool for modeling, simulation, and performance analysis of discrete-event systems. The brief explains the principles of modelling discrete-event systems, as well as the design and applications of GPenSIM. It is based on the author’s lectures that were given on “modeling, simulation, and performance analysis of discrete event systems”. The brief uses GPenSIM to enable the efficient modeling of complex and large-scale discrete-event systems. GPenSIM, which is based on MATLAB®, is designed to allow easy integration of Petri net models with a vast number of toolboxes that are available on the MATLAB®. The book offers an approach for developing models that can interact with the external environment; this will help readers to solve problems in industrial diverse fields. These problems include:airport capacity evaluation for aviation authorities;finding bottlenecks in supply chains;scheduling drilling operations in the oil and gas industry; andoptimal scheduling of jobs in grid computing. This brief is of interest to researchers working on the modeling, simulation and performance evaluation of discrete-event systems, as it shows them the design and applications of an efficient modeling package. Since the book also explains the basic principles of modeling discrete-event systems in a step-by-step manner, it is also of interest to final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Modeling Dynamic Economic Systems
by Bruce Hannon Matthias RuthThis book explores the dynamic processes in economic systems, concentrating on the extraction and use of the natural resources required to meet economic needs. Sections cover methods for dynamic modeling in economics, microeconomic models of firms, modeling optimal use of both nonrenewable and renewable resources, and chaos in economic models. This book does not require a substantial background in mathematics or computer science.
Modeling Fuzzy Spatiotemporal Data with XML (Studies in Computational Intelligence #894)
by Li Yan Zongmin Ma Luyi BaiThis book offers in-depth insights into the rapidly growing topic of technologies and approaches to modeling fuzzy spatiotemporal data with XML. The topics covered include representation of fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, topological relationship determination for fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, mapping between the fuzzy spatiotemporal relational database model and fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data model, and consistencies in fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data updating. Offering a comprehensive guide to the latest research on fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data management, the book is intended to provide state-of-the-art information for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students of Web intelligence, as well as data and knowledge engineering professionals confronted with non-traditional applications that make the use of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.
Modeling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport
by Jacob Bear Alexander H.-D. ChengIn many parts of the world, groundwater resources are under increasing threat from growing demands, wasteful use, and contamination. To face the challenge, good planning and management practices are needed. A key to the management of groundwater is the ability to model the movement of fluids and contaminants in the subsurface. The purpose of this book is to construct conceptual and mathematical models that can provide the information required for making decisions associated with the management of groundwater resources, and the remediation of contaminated aquifers. The basic approach of this book is to accurately describe the underlying physics of groundwater flow and solute transport in heterogeneous porous media, starting at the microscopic level, and to rigorously derive their mathematical representation at the macroscopic levels. The well-posed, macroscopic mathematical models are formulated for saturated, single phase flow, as well as for unsaturated and multiphase flow, and for the transport of single and multiple chemical species. Numerical models are presented and computer codes are reviewed, as tools for solving the models. The problem of seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers is examined and modeled. The issues of uncertainty in model input data and output are addressed. The book concludes with a chapter on the management of groundwater resources. Although one of the main objectives of this book is to construct mathematical models, the amount of mathematics required is kept minimal.
Modeling Human Behavior With Integrated Cognitive Architectures: Comparison, Evaluation, and Validation
by Kevin A. Gluck Richard W. PewResulting from the need for greater realism in models of human and organizational behavior in military simulations, there has been increased interest in research on integrative models of human performance, both within the cognitive science community generally, and within the defense and aerospace industries in particular. This book documents accomplishments and lessons learned in a multi-year project to examine the ability of a range of integrated cognitive modeling architectures to explain and predict human behavior in a common task environment that requires multi-tasking and concept learning.This unique project, called the Agent-Based Modeling and Behavior Representation (AMBR) Model Comparison, involved a series of human performance model evaluations in which the processes and performance levels of computational cognitive models were compared to each other and to human operators performing the identical tasks. In addition to quantitative data comparing the performance of the models and real human performance, the book also presents a qualitatively oriented discussion of the practical and scientific considerations that arise in the course of attempting this kind of model development and validation effort.The primary audiences for this book are people in academia, industry, and the military who are interested in explaining and predicting complex human behavior using computational cognitive modeling approaches. The book should be of particular interest to individuals in any sector working in Psychology, Cognitive Science, Artificial Intelligence, Industrial Engineering, System Engineering, Human Factors, Ergonomics and Operations Research. Any technically or scientifically oriented professional or student should find the material fully accessible without extensive mathematical background.
Modeling Information Diffusion in Online Social Networks with Partial Differential Equations (Surveys and Tutorials in the Applied Mathematical Sciences #7)
by Feng Wang Haiyan Wang Kuai XuThe book lies at the interface of mathematics, social media analysis, and data science. Its authors aim to introduce a new dynamic modeling approach to the use of partial differential equations for describing information diffusion over online social networks. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Laplacian matrix for the underlying social network are used to find communities (clusters) of online users. Once these clusters are embedded in a Euclidean space, the mathematical models, which are reaction-diffusion equations, are developed based on intuitive social distances between clusters within the Euclidean space. The models are validated with data from major social media such as Twitter. In addition, mathematical analysis of these models is applied, revealing insights into information flow on social media. Two applications with geocoded Twitter data are included in the book: one describing the social movement in Twitter during the Egyptian revolution in 2011 and another predicting influenza prevalence. The new approach advocates a paradigm shift for modeling information diffusion in online social networks and lays the theoretical groundwork for many spatio-temporal modeling problems in the big-data era.
Modeling Marvels
by Errol G. LewarsThe aim of this highly original book is to survey a number of chemical compounds that some chemists, theoretical and experimental, find fascinating. This is the first book to feature compounds/classes of compounds of theoretical interest that have been studied theoretically but have defied synthesis. It is hoped that this collection of idiosyncratic molecules will appeal to chemists who find the study of chemical oddities interesting and, on occasion, even rewarding.
Modeling Methods for Medical Systems Biology: Regulatory Dynamics Underlying the Emergence of Disease Processes (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1069)
by María Elena Álvarez-Buylla Roces Juan Carlos Martínez-García José Dávila-Velderrain Elisa Domínguez-Hüttinger Mariana Esther Martínez-SánchezThis book contributes to better understand how lifestyle modulations can effectively halt the emergence and progression of human diseases. The book will allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the environment interferes with the bio-molecular regulatory processes underlying the emergence and progression of complex diseases, such as cancer. Focusing on key and early cellular bio-molecular events giving rise to the emergence of degenerative chronic disease, it builds on previous experience on the development of multi-cellular organisms, to propose a mathematical and computer based framework that allows the reader to analyze the complex interplay between bio-molecular processes and the (micro)-environment from an integrative, mechanistic, quantitative and dynamical perspective. Taking the wealth of empirical evidence that exists it will show how to build and analyze models of core regulatory networks involved in the emergence and progression of chronic degenerative diseases, using a bottom-up approach.
Modeling Nanowire and Double-Gate Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors
by Farzan Jazaeri Jean-Michel SalleseThe first book on the topic, this is a comprehensive introduction to the modeling and design of junctionless field effect transistors (FETs). Beginning with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of the technology, the authors also provide a thorough overview of published analytical models for double-gate and nanowire configurations, before offering a general introduction to the EPFL charge-based model of junctionless FETs. Important features are introduced gradually, including nanowire versus double-gate equivalence, technological design space, junctionless FET performances, short channel effects, transcapacitances, asymmetric operation, thermal noise, interface traps, and the junction FET. Additional features compatible with biosensor applications are also discussed. This is a valuable resource for students and researchers looking to understand more about this new and fast developing field. The first book on the modeling of junctionless field effect transistors (FETs); Introduces the basic physics as well as explaining more advanced modeling techniques; Includes modeling of non-ideal characteristics targeting applications in biosensing.
Modeling Programming Competency: A Qualitative Analysis
by Natalie KieslerThis book covers a qualitative study on the programming competencies of novice learners in higher education. To be precise, the book investigates the expected programming competencies within basic programming education at universities and the extent to which the Computer Science curricula fail to provide transparent, observable learning outcomes and assessable competencies. The study analyzes empirical data on 35 exemplary universities' curricula and interviews with experts in the field. The book covers research desiderata, research design and methodology, an in-depth data analysis, and a presentation and discussion of results in the context of programming education. Addressing programming competency in such great detail is essential due to the increasing relevance of computing in today’s society and the need for competent programmers who will help shape our future. Although programming is a core tier of computing and many related disciplines, learning how to program can be challenging in higher education, and many students fail in introductory programming. The book aims to understand what programming means, what programming competency encompasses, and what teachers expect of novice learners. In addition, it illustrates the cognitive complexity of programming as an advanced competency, including knowledge, skills, and dispositions in context. So, the purpose is to communicate the breadth and depth of programming competency to educators and learners of programming, including institutions, curriculum designers, and accreditation bodies. Moreover, the book’s goal is to represent how a qualitative research methodology can be applied in the context of computing education research, as the qualitative research paradigm is still an exception in computing education research. The book provides new insights into programming competency. It outlines the components of programming competencies in terms of knowledge, skills, and dispositions and their cognitive complexity according to the CC2020 computing curricula and the Anderson-Krathwohl taxonomy of the cognitive domain. These insights are essential as programming constitutes one of the most relevant competencies in all computing study programs. In addition, being able to program describes the capability of solving problems, which is also a core competency in today’s increasingly digitalized society. In particular, the book reveals the great relevance of dispositions and other competency components in programming education, which curricula currently fail to recognize and specify. In addition, the book outlines the resulting implications for higher education institutions, educators, and student expectations. Yet another result of interest to graduate students is the multi-method study design that allows for the triangulation of data and results.
Modeling Psychophysical Data in R
by Laurence T. Maloney Kenneth KnoblauchMany of the commonly used methods for modeling and fitting psychophysical data are special cases of statistical procedures of great power and generality, notably the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). This book illustrates how to fit data from a variety of psychophysical paradigms using modern statistical methods and the statistical language R. The paradigms include signal detection theory, psychometric function fitting, classification images and more. In two chapters, recently developed methods for scaling appearance, maximum likelihood difference scaling and maximum likelihood conjoint measurement are examined. The authors also consider the application of mixed-effects models to psychophysical data. R is an open-source programming language that is widely used by statisticians and is seeing enormous growth in its application to data in all fields. It is interactive, containing many powerful facilities for optimization, model evaluation, model selection, and graphical display of data. The reader who fits data in R can readily make use of these methods. The researcher who uses R to fit and model his data has access to most recently developed statistical methods. This book does not assume that the reader is familiar with R, and a little experience with any programming language is all that is needed to appreciate this book. There are large numbers of examples of R in the text and the source code for all examples is available in an R package MPDiR available through R. Kenneth Knoblauch is a researcher in the Department of Integrative Neurosciences in Inserm Unit 846, The Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute and associated with the University Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, in France. Laurence T. Maloney is Professor of Psychology and Neural Science at New York University. His research focusses on applications of mathematical models to perception, motor control and decision making.
Modeling Reality with Mathematics
by Alfio QuarteroniSimulating the behavior of a human heart, predicting tomorrow's weather, optimizing the aerodynamics of a sailboat, finding the ideal cooking time for a hamburger: to solve these problems, cardiologists, meteorologists, sportsmen, and engineers can count on math help. This book will lead you to the discovery of a magical world, made up of equations, in which a huge variety of important problems for our life can find useful answers.
Modeling Software Behavior: A Craftsman's Approach
by Paul C. JorgensenThis book provides engineers, developers, and technicians with a detailed treatment of various models of software behavior that will support early analysis, comprehension, and model-based testing. The expressive capabilities and limitations of each behavioral model are also discussed.
Modeling Software with Finite State Machines: A Practical Approach
by Thomas Wagner Ferdinand Wagner Ruedi Schmuki Peter WolstenholmeModeling Software with Finite State Machines: A Practical Approach explains how to apply finite state machines to software development. It provides a critical analysis of using finite state machines as a foundation for executable specifications to reduce software development effort and improve quality. It discusses the design of a state machine and of a system of state machines. It also presents a detailed analysis of development issues relating to behavior modeling with design examples and design rules for using finite state machines. This text demonstrates the implementation of these concepts using StateWORKS software and introduces the basic components of this software.
Modeling Survival Data Using Frailty Models: Second Edition (Industrial and Applied Mathematics)
by David D. HanagalThis book presents the basic concepts of survival analysis and frailty models, covering both fundamental and advanced topics. It focuses on applications of statistical tools in biology and medicine, highlighting the latest frailty-model methodologies and applications in these areas. After explaining the basic concepts of survival analysis, the book goes on to discuss shared, bivariate, and correlated frailty models and their applications. It also features nine datasets that have been analyzed using the R statistical package. Covering recent topics, not addressed elsewhere in the literature, this book is of immense use to scientists, researchers, students and teachers.
Modeling Trust Context in Networks
by Sibel AdaliWe make complex decisions every day, requiring trust in many different entities for different reasons. These decisions are not made by combining many isolated trust evaluations. Many interlocking factors play a role, each dynamically impacting the others. In this brief, "trust context" is defined as the system level description of how the trust evaluation process unfolds. Networks today are part of almost all human activity, supporting and shaping it. Applications increasingly incorporate new interdependencies and new trust contexts. Social networks connect people and organizations throughout the globe in cooperative and competitive activities. Information is created and consumed at a global scale. Systems, devices, and sensors create and process data, manage physical systems, and participate in interactions with other entities, people and systems alike. To study trust in such applications, we need a multi-disciplinary approach. This book reviews the components of the trust context through a broad review of recent literature in many different fields of study. Common threads relevant to the trust context across many application domains are also illustrated.
Modeling Visual Aesthetics, Emotion, and Artistic Style
by James Z. Wang Reginald B. Adams Jr.Modeling Visual Aesthetics, Emotion, and Artistic Style offers a comprehensive exploration of the increasingly significant topic of the complex interplay between human perception and digital technology. It embodies the cumulative knowledge and efforts of a wide array of active researchers and practitioners from diverse fields including computer vision, affective computing, robotics, psychology, data mining, machine learning, art history, and movement analysis. This volume seeks to address the profound and challenging research questions related to the computational modeling and analysis of visual aesthetics, emotions, and artistic style, vital components of the human experience that are increasingly relevant in our digitally connected world. The book's vast scope encompasses a broad range of topics. The initial chapters lay a strong foundation with background knowledge on emotion models and machine learning, which then transitions into exploring social visual perception in humans and its technological applications. Readers will uncover the psychological and neurological foundations of social and emotional perception from faces and bodies. Subsequent sections broaden this understanding to include technology's role in detecting discrete and subtle emotional expressions, examining facial neutrality, and including research contexts that involve children as well as adults. Furthermore, the book illuminates the dynamic intersection of art and technology, the language of photography, the relationship between breath-driven robotic performances and human dance, and the application of machine learning in analyzing artistic styles. This book sets itself apart with its unique multidisciplinary approach, encouraging collaboration across related domains. Packed with comprehensive tutorials, theoretical reviews, novel methodologies, empirical investigations, and comparative analyses, the book offers a rich combination of knowledge and methodologies. The book's focus on cutting-edge research not only presents the latest developments in the field but also illuminates potential paths that can lead to significant advancements in computer and robotic applications.
Modeling and Analysis of Bio-molecular Networks
by Pei Wang Jinhu LüThis book addresses a number of questions from the perspective of complex systems: How can we quantitatively understand the life phenomena? How can we model life systems as complex bio-molecular networks? Are there any methods to clarify the relationships among the structures, dynamics and functions of bio-molecular networks? How can we statistically analyse large-scale bio-molecular networks? Focusing on the modeling and analysis of bio-molecular networks, the book presents various sophisticated mathematical and statistical approaches. The life system can be described using various levels of bio-molecular networks, including gene regulatory networks, and protein-protein interaction networks. It first provides an overview of approaches to reconstruct various bio-molecular networks, and then discusses the modeling and dynamical analysis of simple genetic circuits, coupled genetic circuits, middle-sized and large-scale biological networks, clarifying the relationships between the structures, dynamics and functions of the networks covered. In the context of large-scale bio-molecular networks, it introduces a number of statistical methods for exploring important bioinformatics applications, including the identification of significant bio-molecules for network medicine and genetic engineering. Lastly, the book describes various state-of-art statistical methods for analysing omics data generated by high-throughput sequencing. This book is a valuable resource for readers interested in applying systems biology, dynamical systems or complex networks to explore the truth of nature.
Modeling and Analysis of Voice and Data in Cognitive Radio Networks
by Weihua Zhuang Subodha GunawardenaThis Springer Brief investigates the voice and elastic/interactive data service support over cognitive radio networks (CRNs), in terms of their delay requirements. The increased demand for wireless communication conflicts with the scarcity of the radio spectrum, but CRNS allow for more efficient use of the networks. The authors review packet level delay requirements of the voice service and session level delay requirements of the elastic/interactive data services, particularly constant-rate and on-off voice traffic capacities in CRNs with centralized and distributed network coordination. Some generic channel access schemes are considered as the coordination mechanism, and call admission control algorithms are developed for non-fully-connected CRNs. Other key topics include the advantages of supporting voice traffic flows with different delay requirements, the mean response time of the elastic data traffic over a centralized CRN, and effects of the traffic load at the base station and file length (service time requirement) distribution on the mean response time. The brief is designed for professionals and researchers working with wireless networks, cognitive radio, and communications. It is also a helpful reference for advanced-level students interested in efficient wireless communications.
Modeling and Animation Using Blender: Blender 2.80: The Rise of Eevee
by Ezra Thess GuevarraDiscover the 3D-modeling and animation power of Blender 3D. This book starts with a brief introduction to Blender 3D including installation and the user interface. The following two chapters then introduce you to the upgraded tools in Blender 2.80 for 3D modeling, texturing, shading, and animation. The last chapter discusses the Blender game engine and all its core features. Along the way you’ll see why Blender 3D has proved its competency in UV unwrapping, texturing, raster graphic editing, rigging, sculpting, animating, motion graphics, and video editing through the years. Modeling and Animation Using Blender gives a thorough tour of Blender Eevee, covering its new features and how to make best use of them. After reading this book you will have the confidence to choose Blender for your next project. What You Will Learn Master the features of Blender EeveeWork with modeling, animation, and much more using the updated softwareUnderstand important concepts such as physics and particles Who This Book Is For Art enthusiasts and professionals who want to learn Blender 3D. Blender 3D professionals who want to learn about the latest version would find the book useful.
Modeling and Application of Electromagnetic and Thermal Field in Electrical Engineering
by Zhiguang Cheng Norio Takahashi Behzad ForghaniCo-authored by an international research group with a long-standing cooperation, this book focuses on engineering-oriented electromagnetic and thermal field modeling and application. It presents important contributions, including advanced and efficient finite element analysis used in the solution of electromagnetic and thermal field problems for large and multi-scale engineering applications involving application script development; magnetic measurement of both magnetic materials and components under various, even extreme conditions, based on well-established (standard and non-standard) experimental systems; and multi-level validation based on both industrial test systems and extended TEAM P21 benchmarking platform. Although these are challenging topics, they are useful for readers from both academia and industry.
Modeling and Control of AC Machine using MATLAB®/SIMULINK
by Mourad BoufadeneThis book introduces electrical machine modeling and control for electrical engineering and science to graduate, undergraduate students as well as researchers, who are working on modeling and control of electrical machines. It targets electrical engineering students who have no time to derive mathematical equations for electrical machines in particular induction machine (IM) and doubly fed induction machines (DFIM). The main focus is on the application of field oriented control technique to induction motor (IM) and doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) in details, and since the induction motors have many drawback using this technique, therefore the application of a nonlinear control technique (feedback linearization) is applied to a reduced order model of DFIM to enhance the performance of doubly fed induction motor. Features Serves as text book for electrical motor modeling, simulation and control; especially modeling of induction motor and doubly fed induction motor using different frame of references. Vector control (field oriented control) is given in more detailed, and is applied to induction motor. A nonlinear controller is applied to a reduced model of an doubly induction motor associated with a linear observer to estimate the unmeasured load torque, which is used to enhance the performance of the vector control to doubly fed induction motor. Access to the full MATLAB/SIMULINK blocks for simulation and control.
Modeling and Design of Electromagnetic Compatibility for High-Speed Printed Circuit Boards and Packaging
by Xing-Chang WeiModeling and Design of Electromagnetic Compatibility for High-Speed Printed Circuit Boards and Packaging presents the electromagnetic modelling and design of three major electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues related to the high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic packages: signal integrity (SI), power integrity (PI), and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The emphasis is put on two essential passive components of PCBs and packages: the power distribution network and the signal distribution network. This book includes two parts. Part one talks about the field-circuit hybrid methods used for the EMC modeling, including the modal method, the integral equation method, the cylindrical wave expansion method and the de-embedding method. Part two illustrates EMC design methods and explores the applications of novel metamaterials and two-dimensional materials on traditional EMC problems. This book is designed to enhance worthwhile electromagnetic theory and mathematical methods for practical engineers and to train students with advanced EMC applications.