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Value in a Digital World
by Francisco J. López Lubián José EstevesAn in-depth examination of the concept of value in a digital world, an analysis of a range of digital business models and a framework for assessing the value of digital businesses. Assessing the value of traditional business was easy. There are hard, well tested metrics and tangible, measurable assets you can literally kick the tyres of. But how do you measure the value of something that consists of little more than bits of information, brand awareness and a compelling idea? In the winner takes all digital world how do you know if this idea is one that will attract billions of dedicated users or a few thousand fleeting trialists? And, most importantly, how do you assess whether any given business model is robust enough to make billions or flawed in a way that will lose millions? Lopez Lubian and Esteves look at what economic value means in a digital world, and argue for a shift from traditional value metrics to digital value metrics. Through high profile case studies they examine the process of valuation in the digital world – examining the challenges of making objective judgments from subjective information and how to assess the value of data. Next they analyse in depth a number of different digital business models from the perspective of delivering value to investors, stakeholders and society at large. Finally they present a framework model for assessing value in digital business.
Value-Added Services for Next Generation Networks
by Thierry Van de VeldeIn the NGN world, no truer words are spoken than "the future is now." And the competition in the information networking arena will only intensify in the next 5-10 years. Choosing the correct NGN-VAS strategy now will set your company apart. Value Added Services for Next Generation Networks examines the quest for the real added value in modern commu
Value-Driven Data: Identifying, Communicating and Delivering Effective Business Solutions with Data
by Edosa OdaroValue-Driven Data explains how data and business leaders can co-create and deploy data-driven solutions for their organizations. Value-Driven Data explores how organizations can understand their problems and come up with better solutions, aligning data storytelling with business needs. The book reviews the main challenges that plague most data-to-business interactions and offers actionable strategies for effective data value implementation, including methods for tackling obstacles and incentivizing change. Value-Driven Data is supported by tried-and-tested frameworks that can be applied to different contexts and organizations. It features cutting-edge examples relating to digital transformation, data strategy, resolving conflicts of interests, building a data P&L and AI value prediction methodology. Recognizing different types of data value, this book presents tangible methodologies for identifying, capturing, communicating, measuring and deploying data-enabled opportunities. This is essential reading for data specialists, business stakeholders and leaders involved in capturing and executing data value opportunities for organizations and for informing data value strategies.
Value-Driven IT Management
by Iain AitkenValue-Driven IT Management explains how huge sums are wasted by companies (and governments) on poorly aligned, poorly justified and poorly managed IT projects based on 'wishful thinking' cost and benefit assumptions and that even 'successful' projects rarely seem to realise the benefits promised.The author contends that the root cause of the disappointment and disillusion often found in senior management with the value extracted from its IT investments is a complacent corporate culture that can actually foster uncommercial behaviours in both users and internal suppliers of IT solutions.The author sets out a detailed, pragmatic framework for commercialising the internal IT Function and measuring its value to the business. This is not to be achieved by deploying conventional IT best practices or by making the IT Function look like an external service provider. Instead the author proposes that the IT Function should transform its value to the business by embracing a small set of best value practices that will engender more commercial behaviours in both IT staff and users and will focus the IT Function's energies on delivering successful business outcomes that will win the respect of senior management.
Values at Play in Digital Games
by Mary Flanagan Helen NissenbaumAll games express and embody human values, providing a compelling arena in which we play out beliefs and ideas. "Big ideas" such as justice, equity, honesty, and cooperation -- as well as other kinds of ideas, including violence, exploitation, and greed -- may emerge in games whether designers intend them or not. In this book, Mary Flanagan and Helen Nissenbaum present Values at Play, a theoretical and practical framework for identifying socially recognized moral and political values in digital games. Values at Play can also serve as a guide to designers who seek to implement values in the conception and design of their games. After developing a theoretical foundation for their proposal, Flanagan and Nissenbaum provide detailed examinations of selected games, demonstrating the many ways in which values are embedded in them. They introduce the Values at Play heuristic, a systematic approach for incorporating values into the game design process. Interspersed among the book's chapters are texts by designers who have put Values at Play into practice by accepting values as a design constraint like any other, offering a real-world perspective on the design challenges involved.
Values at Play in Digital Games (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Mary Flanagan Helen NissenbaumA theoretical and practical guide to integrating human values into the conception and design of digital games.All games express and embody human values, providing a compelling arena in which we play out beliefs and ideas. “Big ideas” such as justice, equity, honesty, and cooperation—as well as other kinds of ideas, including violence, exploitation, and greed—may emerge in games whether designers intend them or not. In this book, Mary Flanagan and Helen Nissenbaum present Values at Play, a theoretical and practical framework for identifying socially recognized moral and political values in digital games. Values at Play can also serve as a guide to designers who seek to implement values in the conception and design of their games. After developing a theoretical foundation for their proposal, Flanagan and Nissenbaum provide detailed examinations of selected games, demonstrating the many ways in which values are embedded in them. They introduce the Values at Play heuristic, a systematic approach for incorporating values into the game design process. Interspersed among the book's chapters are texts by designers who have put Values at Play into practice by accepting values as a design constraint like any other, offering a real-world perspective on the design challenges involved.
Values, Units, and Colors: Foundational CSS3 Components
by Eric A. MeyerNearly everything you do with CSS involves units for determining the look and formatting of your web page elements. With this concise guide, you’ll learn how to work with an array of units—including measurements and keywords—that help you define color, text, distance between elements, location of external files, and other values.This book contains chapters from the upcoming fourth edition of CSS: The Definitive Guide. When you purchase either the print or the ebook edition of Values, Units, and Colors, you’ll receive a significant discount on the entire Definitive Guide when it’s released. Why wait when you can learn how to use units and other key CSS3 features right away?Use RGB or HSL values to mix your own colors, and designate the degree of opacityLearn how to apply global keywords introduced in CSS3Use string values to wrap a sequence of text characters in quotesDescribe margins, letter spacing, and other properties, with either fixed or relative length unitsUnderstand how number, integer, and percentage values differExplore CSS3 unit types for describing display resolutionUse time values for transitions and animations
Valuing Data: An Open Framework
by Dewey RayThe past decade has seen a dramatic increase in the amount and variety of information that is generated and stored electronically by business enterprises. Storing this increased volume of information has not been a problem to date, but as these information stores grow larger and larger, multiple challenges arise for senior management: namely, questions such as "How much is our data worth?" "Are we storing our data in the most cost-effective way?" "Are we managing our data effectively and efficiently?" "Do we know which data is most important?" "Are we extracting business insight from the right data?" "Are our data adding to the value of our business?" "Are our data a liability?" "What is the potential for monetizing our data?" and "Do we have an appropriate risk management plan in place to protect our data?" To answer these value-based questions, data must be treated with the same rigor and discipline as other tangible and intangible assets. In other words, corporate data should be treated as a potential asset and should have its own asset valuation methodology that is accepted by the business community, the accounting and valuation community, and other important stakeholder groups. Valuing Data: An Open Framework is a first step in that direction. Its purpose is to: Provide the reader with some background on the nature of data Present the common categories of business data Explain the importance of data management Report the current thinking on data valuation Offer some business reasons to value data Present an "open framework"—along with some proposed methods—for valuing data The book does not aim to prescribe exactly how data should be valued monetarily, but rather it is a "starting point" for a discussion of data valuation with the objective of developing a stakeholder consensus, which, in turn, will become accepted standards and practices.
Variable Neighborhood Search: 6th International Conference, ICVNS 2018, Sithonia, Greece, October 4–7, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11328)
by Said Salhi Angelo Sifaleras Jack BrimbergThis book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Variable Neighborhood Search, ICVNS 2018, held in Sithonia, Greece, in October 2018. ICVNS 2018 received 49 submissions of which 23 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected. VNS is a metaheuristic based on systematic changes in the neighborhood structure within a search for solving optimization problems and related tasks. The main goal of ICVNS 2018 was to provide a stimulating environment in which researchers coming from various scientific fields could share and discuss their knowledge, expertise, and ideas related to the VNS metaheuristic and its applications.
Variable Neighborhood Search: 7th International Conference, ICVNS 2019, Rabat, Morocco, October 3–5, 2019, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12010)
by Angelo Sifaleras Nenad Mladenović Rachid BenmansourThis volume constitutes the post- conference proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Variable Neighborhood Search, ICVNS 2019, held in Rabat, Morocco, in October 2019. The 13 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The papers describe recent advances in methods and applications of variable neighborhood search.
Variable Neighborhood Search: 8th International Conference, ICVNS 2021, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, March 21–25, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12559)
by Angelo Sifaleras Nenad Mladenovic Andrei Sleptchenko Mohammed OmarThis volume constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Variable Neighborhood Search, ICVNS 2021, held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in March 2021.The 14 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. The papers describe recent advances in methods and applications of variable neighborhood search.Chapter “Reduced Variable Neighbourhood Search for the Generation of Controlled Circular Data” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Variable Neighborhood Search: 9th International Conference, ICVNS 2022, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, October 25–28, 2022, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13863)
by Angelo Sifaleras Pierre Hansen Andrei SleptchenkoThis volume constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Variable Neighborhood Search, ICVNS 2023, held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in October 2022.The 11 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. The papers describe recent advances in methods and applications of variable neighborhood search.
Variant Construction from Theoretical Foundation to Applications
by Jeffrey ZhengThis open access book presents theoretical framework and sample applications of variant construction. The first part includes the components variant logic, variant measurements, and variant maps, while the second part covers sample applications such as variation with functions, variant stream ciphers, quantum interference, classical/quantum random sequences, whole DNA sequences, and multiple-valued pulse sequences. Addressing topics ranging from logic and measuring foundation to typical applications and including various illustrated maps, it is a valuable guide for theoretical researchers in discrete mathematics; computing-, quantum- and communication scientists; big data engineers; as well as graduate and upper undergraduate students.
Variation-Aware Adaptive Voltage Scaling for Digital CMOS Circuits
by Martin WirnshoferIncreasing performance demands in integrated circuits, together with limited energy budgets, force IC designers to find new ways of saving power. One innovative way is the presented adaptive voltage scaling scheme, which tunes the supply voltage according to the present process, voltage and temperature variations as well as aging. The voltage is adapted "on the fly" by means of in-situ delay monitors to exploit unused timing margin, produced by state-of-the-art worst-case designs. This book discusses the design of the enhanced in-situ delay monitors and the implementation of the complete control-loop comprising the monitors, a control-logic and an on-chip voltage regulator. An analytical Markov-based model of the control-loop is derived to analyze its robustness and stability. Variation-Aware Adaptive Voltage Scaling for Digital CMOS Circuits provides an in-depth assessment of the proposed voltage scaling scheme when applied to an arithmetic and an image processing circuit. This book is written for engineers interested in adaptive techniques for low-power CMOS circuits.
Variational Analysis and Aerospace Engineering: Mathematical Challenges for Aerospace Design
by Giuseppe Buttazzo Aldo FredianiThis volume consists of papers presented at the Variational Analysis and Aerospace Engineering Workshop II held in Erice, Italy in September 2010 at the International School of Mathematics "Guido Stampacchia". The workshop provided a platform for aerospace engineers and mathematicians (from universities, research centers and industry) to discuss the advanced problems requiring an extensive application of mathematics. The presentations were dedicated to the most advanced subjects in engineering and, in particular to computational fluid dynamics methods, introduction of new materials, optimization in aerodynamics, structural optimization, space missions, flight mechanics, control theory and optimization, variational methods and applications, etc. This book will capture the interest of researchers from both academia and industry.
Variational Bayesian Learning Theory
by Masashi Sugiyama Shinichi Nakajima Kazuho WatanabeVariational Bayesian learning is one of the most popular methods in machine learning. Designed for researchers and graduate students in machine learning, this book summarizes recent developments in the non-asymptotic and asymptotic theory of variational Bayesian learning and suggests how this theory can be applied in practice. The authors begin by developing a basic framework with a focus on conjugacy, which enables the reader to derive tractable algorithms. Next, it summarizes non-asymptotic theory, which, although limited in application to bilinear models, precisely describes the behavior of the variational Bayesian solution and reveals its sparsity inducing mechanism. Finally, the text summarizes asymptotic theory, which reveals phase transition phenomena depending on the prior setting, thus providing suggestions on how to set hyperparameters for particular purposes. Detailed derivations allow readers to follow along without prior knowledge of the mathematical techniques specific to Bayesian learning.
Variational Methods for Machine Learning with Applications to Deep Networks
by Lucas Pinheiro Cinelli Matheus Araújo Marins Eduardo Antônio Barros da Silva Sérgio Lima NettoThis book provides a straightforward look at the concepts, algorithms and advantages of Bayesian Deep Learning and Deep Generative Models. Starting from the model-based approach to Machine Learning, the authors motivate Probabilistic Graphical Models and show how Bayesian inference naturally lends itself to this framework. The authors present detailed explanations of the main modern algorithms on variational approximations for Bayesian inference in neural networks. Each algorithm of this selected set develops a distinct aspect of the theory. The book builds from the ground-up well-known deep generative models, such as Variational Autoencoder and subsequent theoretical developments. By also exposing the main issues of the algorithms together with different methods to mitigate such issues, the book supplies the necessary knowledge on generative models for the reader to handle a wide range of data types: sequential or not, continuous or not, labelled or not. The book is self-contained, promptly covering all necessary theory so that the reader does not have to search for additional information elsewhere. Offers a concise self-contained resource, covering the basic concepts to the algorithms for Bayesian Deep Learning;Presents Statistical Inference concepts, offering a set of elucidative examples, practical aspects, and pseudo-codes;Every chapter includes hands-on examples and exercises and a website features lecture slides, additional examples, and other support material.
Variational Methods in Image Processing (Chapman & Hall/CRC Mathematical and Computational Imaging Sciences Series)
by Luminita A. Vese Carole Le GuyaderVariational Methods in Image Processing presents the principles, techniques, and applications of variational image processing. The text focuses on variational models, their corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations, and numerical implementations for image processing. It balances traditional computational models with more modern techniques that solve t
Variational Regularization of 3D Data
by Hebert Montegranario Jairo EspinosaVariational Regularization of 3D Data provides an introduction to variational methods for data modelling and its application in computer vision. In this book, the authors identify interpolation as an inverse problem that can be solved by Tikhonov regularization. The proposed solutions are generalizations of one-dimensional splines, applicable to n-dimensional data and the central idea is that these splines can be obtained by regularization theory using a trade-off between the fidelity of the data and smoothness properties. As a foundation, the authors present a comprehensive guide to the necessary fundamentals of functional analysis and variational calculus, as well as splines. The implementation and numerical experiments are illustrated using MATLAB®. The book also includes the necessary theoretical background for approximation methods and some details of the computer implementation of the algorithms. A working knowledge of multivariable calculus and basic vector and matrix methods should serve as an adequate prerequisite.
Vector Analysis for Computer Graphics
by John VinceThis book is a complete introduction to vector analysis, especially within the context of computer graphics. The author shows why vectors are useful and how it is possible to develop analytical skills in manipulating vector algebra. Even though vector analysis is a relatively recent development in the history of mathematics, it has become a powerful and central tool in describing and solving a wide range of geometric problems. The book is divided into eleven chapters covering the mathematical foundations of vector algebra and its application to, among others, lines, planes, intersections, rotating vectors, and vector differentiation.
Vector Control of Induction Machines
by Bruno Francois Philippe Degobert Benoît Robyns Jean Paul HautierAfter a brief introduction to the main law of physics and fundamental concepts inherent in electromechanical conversion, Vector Control of Induction Machines introduces the standard mathematical models for induction machines - whichever rotor technology is used - as well as several squirrel-cage induction machine vector-control strategies. The use of causal ordering graphs allows systematization of the design stage, as well as standardization of the structure of control devices. Vector Control of Induction Machines suggests a unique approach aimed at reducing parameter sensitivity for vector controls based on a theoretical analysis of this sensitivity. This analysis naturally leads to the introduction of control strategies that are based on the combination of different controls with different robustness properties, through the use of fuzzy logic supervisors. Numerous applications and experiments confirm the validity of this simple solution, which is both reproducible and applicable to other complex systems. Vector Control of Induction Machines is written for researchers and postgraduate students in electrical engineering and motor drive design.
Vegetation Fires and Pollution in Asia
by Krishna Prasad Vadrevu Toshimasa Ohara Chris JusticeVegetation fires are prevalent in several regions of the world, including South/ Southeast Asia (S/SEA). Fire occurrence and spread are influenced by fuel type, topography, climate, weather, and lightning, among others. In S/SEA, human-initiated fires are responsible for most of the incidents in addition to natural factors. Through biomass burning, vegetation fires can emit large quantities of greenhouse gases and air pollutants such as CO2, CO, NOx, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and other chemical species, including aerosols that can affect air quality and health at both local and regional scales. Moreover, biomass burning pollutants can travel long distances and impact regional climate. Therefore, quantifying vegetation fires and their impacts is critical at different spatial scales. This book includes contributions from renowned researchers from the USA and South/ Southeast Asia on various fire-related topics. The contributions resulted from several international meetings and workshops organized in Asia as part of the South/ Southeast Asia Research Initiative (SARI) under the NASA Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program. The book is divided into three sections, each containing multiple contributions: a) Mapping, Monitoring, and Modeling of Vegetation Fires, b) Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution, and c) Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems. These sections are preceded by an introductory chapter by the editors that highlights the latest satellite-derived fire statistics and the current fire situation in S/SEA. This book will be a valuable resource for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric, climate, environmental scientists, including policymakers, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on vegetation fires and emissions in South/Southeast Asia.
Vehicle Computing: From Traditional Transportation to Computing on Wheels
by Weisong Shi Sidi LuOver the past century, vehicles have predominantly functioned as a means of transportation. However, as vehicular computation and communication capacities continue to expand, it is anticipated that upcoming connected vehicle (CVs) will not only serve their conventional transport functions but also act as versatile mobile computing platforms. This book presents the concept of Vehicle Computing, encompassing five primary functionalities of CVs: computation, communication, energy management, sensing, and data storage. It proposes a potential business model and explores the challenges and opportunities associated with these domains. Vehicle Computing serves as an important resource for the research community and practitioners in the field of edge computing and cyber physical system, capturing the essence of a rapidly changing industry, addressing the challenges and opportunities associated with connected vehicles (including software-defined vehicles, autonomous vehicles, electric vehicles), machine learning, communication, sensing, data storage, energy management, and computer systems. It synthesizes the latest research and real-world applications, offering valuable insights to both academia and industry professionals. Vehicle Computing covers topics such as: The fundamentals of Vehicle Computing, including its historical context and key components. Advanced communication and networking technologies for connected vehicles. Sensing and data acquisition techniques, including edge and cloud computing integration. Energy management and storage, focusing on electric vehicle infrastructure and vehicle-to-grid. Data storage and processing strategies for vehicular environments. Business models, opportunities, and challenges associated with Vehicle Computing. Real-world applications and case studies, highlighting best practices and future trends.
Vehicle Dynamics Estimation using Kalman Filtering: Experimental Validation (Wiley-iste Ser. #722)
by Ali Charara Daniel Lechner Alessandro Victorino Moustapha DoumiatiVehicle dynamics and stability have been of considerable interest for a number of years. The obvious dilemma is that people naturally desire to drive faster and faster yet expect their vehicles to be “infinitely” stable and safe during all normal and emergency maneuvers. For the most part, people pay little attention to the limited handling potential of their vehicles until some unusual behavior is observed that often results in accidents and even fatalities. This book presents several model-based estimation methods which involve information from current potential-integrable sensors. Improving vehicle control and stabilization is possible when vehicle dynamic variables are known. The fundamental problem is that some essential variables related to tire/road friction are difficult to measure because of technical and economical reasons. Therefore, these data must be estimated. It is against this background, that this book’s objective is to develop estimators in order to estimate the vehicle’s load transfer, the sideslip angle, and the vertical and lateral tire/road forces using a roll model. The proposed estimation processes are based on the state observer (Kalman filtering) theory and the dynamic response of a vehicle instrumented with standard sensors. These estimators are able to work in real time in normal and critical driving situations. Performances are tested using an experimental car in real driving situations. This is exactly the focus of this book, providing students, technicians and engineers from the automobile field with a theoretical basis and some practical algorithms useful for estimating vehicle dynamics in real-time during vehicle motion.
Vehicle Feedback and Driver Situation Awareness (Human Factors in Road and Rail Transport)
by Neville A. Stanton Guy H. Walker Paul M. SalmonA potentially troubling aspect of modern vehicle design – some would argue - is a trend for isolating the driver and reducing vehicle feedback, usually in the name of comfort and refinement but increasingly because of automation. There is little doubt cars have become more civilised over the years, yet despite this, the consequences of driver behaviour remain to a large extent anecdotal. Readers will have heard such anecdotes for themselves. They usually take the form of drivers of a certain age recalling their first cars from the 1970s or 80s, in which "doing 70 mph really felt like it". The question is whether such anecdotes actually reflect a bigger, more significant issue that could be better understood. Related questions have been explored in other domains such as aviation, where the change to ‘fly-by-wire’ did indeed bring about some occasionally serious performance issues that were not anticipated. Despite some clear parallels, automotive systems have been left relatively unstudied. The research described in this book aims to explore precisely these issues from a Human Factors perspective. This means connecting the topics of vehicle feel, vehicle dynamics, and automotive engineering with the latest research on driver situation awareness. The problem is explored experimentally from a variety of theoretical viewpoints but the outcomes are consistently practical. Here we have a promising new avenue along which the driver experience can be enhanced in novel and insightful ways. Tools and templates are provided so that engineers and designers can try different ways to boost vehicle safety, efficiency and enjoyment from a human-centered perspective. Association of American Publishers (AAP) Finalist for the 2019 PROSE Award Features Diagnosis of how vehicle feel impacts driver situation awareness, and how this could aid future vehicle designs Multi-theory approach to driver situation awareness, and how different views of this important concept give rise to different insights Comprehensive analysis of situation awareness in driving, the information requirements of drivers, and how these needs can be supported Practical descriptions of how state-of-science Human Factors methods have been applied in practice