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A Logical Theory of Causality
by Alexander BochmanA general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference.In this book, Alexander Bochman presents a general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference, basing it on a supposition that causal reasoning is not a competitor of logical reasoning but its complement for situations lacking logically sufficient data or knowledge. Bochman also explores the relationship of this theory with the popular structural equation approach to causality proposed by Judea Pearl and explores several applications ranging from artificial intelligence to legal theory, including abduction, counterfactuals, actual and proximate causality, dynamic causal models, and reasoning about action and change in artificial intelligence. As logical preparation, before introducing causal concepts, Bochman describes an alternative, situation-based semantics for classical logic that provides a better understanding of what can be captured by purely logical means. He then presents another prerequisite, outlining those parts of a general theory of nonmonotonic reasoning that are relevant to his own theory. These two components provide a logical background for the main, two-tier formalism of the causal calculus that serves as the formal basis of his theory. He presents the main causal formalism of the book as a natural generalization of classical logic that allows for causal reasoning. This provides a formal background for subsequent chapters. Finally, Bochman presents a generalization of causal reasoning to dynamic domains.
A Machine Learning Based Model of Boko Haram (Terrorism, Security, and Computation)
by V. S. Subrahmanian Chiara Pulice James F. Brown Jacob Bonen-ClarkThis is the first study of Boko Haram that brings advanced data-driven, machine learning models to both learn models capable of predicting a wide range of attacks carried out by Boko Haram, as well as develop data-driven policies to shape Boko Haram’s behavior and reduce attacks by them. This book also identifies conditions that predict sexual violence, suicide bombings and attempted bombings, abduction, arson, looting, and targeting of government officials and security installations. After reducing Boko Haram’s history to a spreadsheet containing monthly information about different types of attacks and different circumstances prevailing over a 9 year period, this book introduces Temporal Probabilistic (TP) rules that can be automatically learned from data and are easy to explain to policy makers and security experts. This book additionally reports on over 1 year of forecasts made using the model in order to validate predictive accuracy. It also introduces a policy computation method to rein in Boko Haram’s attacks.Applied machine learning researchers, machine learning experts and predictive modeling experts agree that this book is a valuable learning asset. Counter-terrorism experts, national and international security experts, public policy experts and Africa experts will also agree this book is a valuable learning tool.
A Machine Learning based Pairs Trading Investment Strategy (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Nuno Horta Simão Moraes SarmentoThis book investigates the application of promising machine learning techniques to address two problems: (i) how to find profitable pairs while constraining the search space and (ii) how to avoid long decline periods due to prolonged divergent pairs. It also proposes the integration of an unsupervised learning algorithm, OPTICS, to handle problem (i), and demonstrates that the suggested technique can outperform the common pairs search methods, achieving an average portfolio Sharpe ratio of 3.79, in comparison to 3.58 and 2.59 obtained using standard approaches. For problem (ii), the authors introduce a forecasting-based trading model capable of reducing the periods of portfolio decline by 75%. However, this comes at the expense of decreasing overall profitability. The authors also test the proposed strategy using an ARMA model, an LSTM and an LSTM encoder-decoder.
A Manager's Guide to BS25999
by Tony DrewittThis book is a concise and practical guide to implementing the new benchmark for business continuity management - BS25999. While the number of events that could potentially disrupt the ability of your organization to continue with its business activities continues to grow, the ramifications are increasingly dramatic. Climate change, terrorism and IT system failure are just some of today's more serious threats - and pressure is growing on all organizations to demonstrate effective, meaningful and dependable emergency preparedness. This guide will help you understand and meet the growing need to demonstrate and provide assurance to partners, customers and stakeholders that, should some significant business disruption occur, you have done everything possible to minimize disruption to the continued supply of the products or services by your organization.
A Manager's Guide to Data Warehousing
by Laura ReevesAimed at helping business and IT managers clearly communicate with each other, this helpful book addresses concerns straight-on and provides practical methods to building a collaborative data warehouse . You'll get clear explanations of the goals and objectives of each stage of the data warehouse lifecycle while learning the roles that both business managers and technicians play at each stage. Discussions of the most critical decision points for success at each phase of the data warehouse lifecycle help you understand ways in which both business and IT management can make decisions that best meet unified objectives.
A Manager's Guide to the New World of Work: The Most Effective Strategies for Managing People, Teams, and Organizations (The Digital Future of Management)
by MIT Sloan Management ReviewThe best tools and insights to succesfully navigate the novel challenges of the digital workplace.How can technology and analytics help companies manage people? Why do teams working remotely still need leaders? When should organizations use digital assessment tools for gauging talent and potential? This book from MIT Sloan Management Review answers questions managers are only beginning to ask, presenting insights and stories from organizations navigating the novel challenges of the digital workplace. Experts from business and academia describe what's worked, what's failed, and what they've learned in the new world of work, looking at strategies that organizations use to help managers and employees adapt to the fast-changing digital environment.
A Marketer's Guide to Digital Advertising: Transparency, Metrics, and Money
by Shailin Dhar Scott ThomsonHow can individual marketers and their teams navigate the complex issues that seem to overwhelm the digital advertising industry today? They can learn about the metrics worth using, the importance of measurement and the technology available. With contradictory rules surrounding data privacy, measurement constraints, changes to supply chains and other complexities often too difficult to approach, the world of marketing is more complex than ever before. A Marketer's Guide to Digital Advertising helps marketers navigate the complicated world of digital advertising by diving into the metrics, money and technology fueling the marketing industry. Digital advertising consultants Shailin Dhar and Scott Thomson outline the forces shaping the current digital landscape and the common responses from advertisers trying to design their digital strategy. Walking readers through the common missteps made within digital advertising, they provide useful insight into measurement and thoughtful alternatives to practices often found lower on a company's priorities list. A Marketer's Guide to Digital Advertising offers ways to minimize waste and improve outcomes for brands and their business partners. The book illuminates the gap between in-house marketing teams, agency professionals and tech partners whilst helping readers make sense of the way money flows through the global ad industry.
A Mathematical Introduction to Compressive Sensing (Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis)
by Holger Rauhut Simon FoucartFilling a significant gap in the literature, A Mathematical Introduction to Compressive Sensing is the first work entirely devoted to the thriving field of compressive sensing. The book clearly and comprehensively presents the essential theory of compressive sensing from a mathematical perspective. Featuring a substantial number of exercises with hints to solutions, as well as MATLAB codes for algorithms and simulations, the work is well suited for graduate courses on the subject. With only moderate mathematical prerequisites, this volume is a reliable resource for graduate students, practioners, and researchers in engineering, computer science, and mathematics looking to acquire a careful understanding of compressive sensing.
A Mathematical Introduction to Data Science
by Yi Sun Rod AdamsThis textbook provides a comprehensive foundation in the mathematics needed for data science for students and self-learners with a basic mathematical background who are interested in the principles behind computational algorithms in data science. It covers sets, functions, linear algebra, and calculus, and delves deeply into probability and statistics, which are key areas for understanding the algorithms driving modern data science applications. Readers are guided toward unlocking the secrets of algorithms like Principal Component Analysis, Singular Value Decomposition, Linear Regression in two and more dimensions, Simple Neural Networks, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Logistic Regression and Ridge Regression, illuminating the path from mathematical principles to algorithmic mastery. It is designed to make the material accessible and engaging, guiding readers through a step-by-step progression from basic mathematical concepts to complex data science algorithms. It stands out for its emphasis on worked examples and exercises that encourage active participation, making it particularly beneficial for those with limited mathematical backgrounds but a strong desire to learn. This approach facilitates a smoother transition into more advanced topics. The authors expect readers to be proficient in handling numbers in various formats, including fractions, decimals, percentages, and surds. They should also have a knowledge of introductory algebra, such as manipulating simple algebraic expressions, solving simple equations, and graphing elementary functions, along with a basic understanding of geometry including angles, trigonometry and Pythagoras’ theorem.
A Matrix Algebra Approach to Artificial Intelligence
by Xian-Da ZhangMatrix algebra plays an important role in many core artificial intelligence (AI) areas, including machine learning, neural networks, support vector machines (SVMs) and evolutionary computation. This book offers a comprehensive and in-depth discussion of matrix algebra theory and methods for these four core areas of AI, while also approaching AI from a theoretical matrix algebra perspective.The book consists of two parts: the first discusses the fundamentals of matrix algebra in detail, while the second focuses on the applications of matrix algebra approaches in AI. Highlighting matrix algebra in graph-based learning and embedding, network embedding, convolutional neural networks and Pareto optimization theory, and discussing recent topics and advances, the book offers a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, and graduate students in various disciplines, including, but not limited to, computer science, mathematics and engineering.
A Medical Educator's Guide to Thinking Critically about Randomised Controlled Trials: Deconstructing the "Gold Standard"
by Margaret MacDougallDrawing on the statistical and philosophical expertise of its authors, this book is designed to improve understanding and use of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) among health professionals. It is intended for use primarily by medical educators involved in teaching statistics and evidence-based medicine (EBM) to medical students, junior doctors and other health professionals. However, each of the chapters serves a wider range of interests, including the practical needs of physicians in interpreting research evidence to support clinical decision making and the teaching needs of philosophers of medicine who want to more fully appreciate how RCTs work in practice and provide engaging examples for their students. Rather than compete with the proliferating methodological literature on RCT designs, this book focuses on cultivating a healthy skepticism among developing health professionals to support critical appraisal of their own and published work on RCTs at a fundamental level, including through a more informed understanding of the place of subgroup analyses in sound statistical inference. Management of the positive predictive value in the statistical analysis of RCT findings is included as an important topic for contemporary medical curricula. In comparing RCTs with non-randomised studies, a search for empirical evidence for the superiority of RCTs is initiated, pointing to the need for further work to confirm what form this evidence should take.Medical educators will find a wealth of reasons to encourage their students to think more critically about how the RCT operates in practice as a gold standard.
A Metaheuristic Approach to Protein Structure Prediction: Algorithms And Insights From Fitness Landscape Analysis (Emergence, Complexity And Computation Ser. #31)
by Swagatam Das Nanda Dulal Jana Jaya SilThis book introduces characteristic features of the protein structure prediction (PSP) problem. It focuses on systematic selection and improvement of the most appropriate metaheuristic algorithm to solve the problem based on a fitness landscape analysis, rather than on the nature of the problem, which was the focus of methodologies in the past. Protein structure prediction is concerned with the question of how to determine the three-dimensional structure of a protein from its primary sequence. Recently a number of successful metaheuristic algorithms have been developed to determine the native structure, which plays an important role in medicine, drug design, and disease prediction. This interdisciplinary book consolidates the concepts most relevant to protein structure prediction (PSP) through global non-convex optimization. It is intended for graduate students from fields such as computer science, engineering, bioinformatics and as a reference for researchers and practitioners.
A Million First Dates
by Dan Slater** Previously published in hardcover as Love in the Time of Algorithms ** Once considered the realm of the lonely and desperate, sites like eHarmony, Match, OkCupid, and Plenty of Fish have been embraced by pretty much every demographic. Dating has been transformed from a daunting transaction based on scarcity to one in which the possibilities are almost endless. Now anyone can search for exactly what they want, connect with more people, and get more information about those people than ever before. As journalist Dan Slater shows, online dating is changing society in more profound ways than we imagine. He explores how these new technologies, by altering our perception of what's possible, are reconditioning our feelings about commitment and challenging the traditional paradigm of adult life. Slater takes readers behind the scenes of a fascinating business. Dating sites capitalize on our quest for love, but how do their creators' ideas about pro ts, morality, and the nature of desire shape the virtual worlds they've created for us?
A Mind at Play: How Claude Shannon Invented the Information Age
by Jimmy Soni Rob GoodmanWinner of the Neumann Prize for the History of Mathematics "We owe Claude Shannon a lot, and Soni & Goodman&’s book takes a big first step in paying that debt." —San Francisco Review of Books "Soni and Goodman are at their best when they invoke the wonder an idea can instill. They summon the right level of awe while stopping short of hyperbole." —Financial Times "Jimmy Soni and Rob Goodman make a convincing case for their subtitle while reminding us that Shannon never made this claim himself." —The Wall Street Journal &“A charming account of one of the twentieth century&’s most distinguished scientists…Readers will enjoy this portrait of a modern-day Da Vinci.&” —FortuneIn their second collaboration, biographers Jimmy Soni and Rob Goodman present the story of Claude Shannon—one of the foremost intellects of the twentieth century and the architect of the Information Age, whose insights stand behind every computer built, email sent, video streamed, and webpage loaded. Claude Shannon was a groundbreaking polymath, a brilliant tinkerer, and a digital pioneer. He constructed the first wearable computer, outfoxed Vegas casinos, and built juggling robots. He also wrote the seminal text of the digital revolution, which has been called &“the Magna Carta of the Information Age.&” In this elegantly written, exhaustively researched biography, Soni and Goodman reveal Claude Shannon&’s full story for the first time. With unique access to Shannon&’s family and friends, A Mind at Play brings this singular innovator and always playful genius to life.
A Minecraft Movie: From Block to Big Screen
by Andrew FaragoGo behind the scenes of A Minecraft Movie and experience the creative journey that transformed the biggest video game of all time into a big-screen block-buster.Break open the filmmaking secrets of A Minecraft Movie with this deluxe art book. Featuring commentary from the filmmakers, this volume explores how a team of world-class artists brought the iconic, limitless world of Minecraft to the big screen. Including insights from the creatives as well as stunning illustrations and visuals––such as never-before-seen concept art and photography––this book is the ultimate companion to the first ever live-action adaptation of Minecraft. NEVER-BEFORE-SEEN IMAGERY: From character, mob, and item designs to images of in-world Minecraft locations and stunning photography, this book offers an incredible gallery of visuals from A Minecraft Movie. INTERVIEWS WITH CREATORS: Immerse yourself in the world of Minecraft like never before with exclusive behind the scene insights from the game creators and filmmakers. MINE THE CREATIVE CRAFT: Follow the filmmaking process of adapting the biggest video game of all time via beautiful concept art, amazing photography, and more.
A Missing Link in Cybernetics: Logic and Continuity (IFSR International Series in Systems Science and Systems Engineering #26)
by Alex M. AndrewThe text begins by reviewing the origins and aims of cybernetics with particular reference to Warren McCulloch's declared lifetime quest of "understanding man's understanding". It is shown that continuous systems can undergo complex self-organization, but a need for classification of situations becomes apparent and can be seen as the evolutionary beginning of concept-based processing. Possibilities for complex self-organization are emphasized by discussion of a general principle that has been termed significance feedback, of which backpropagation of errors in neural nets is a special case. It is also noted that continuous measures come to be associated with processing that is essentially concept-based, as acknowledged in Marvin Minsky's reference to heuristic connection between problems, and the associated basic learning heuristic of Minsky and Selfridge. This reappearance of continuity, along with observations on the multi-layer structure of intelligent systems, supports a potentially valuable view of intelligence as having a fractal nature. This is such that structures at a complex level, interpreted in terms of these emergent measures, reflect others at a simpler level. Implications for neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence are also examined. The book presents unconventional and challenging viewpoints that will be of interest to researchers in AI, psychology, cybernetics and systems science, and should help promote further research.
A Moving Subject
by Giannalberto BendazziDescription: A Moving Subject offers a collection of essays from around the world. From Italy to the Middle East, from an analysis of A Night on Bald Mountain to African cinema animation, these essays help to paint the world of animation in a comprehensive and international manner. Handpicked by renowned animation historian and researcher Giannalberto Bendazzi, this book offers a look at the global foundations of animation from disparate regions, peoples and methods, and helps to demonstrate animation as a unifying factor of the human race. Key Features: A fresh perspective on animation from a global lens A new look into traditional animation produced from around the world Essays that reflect on the nature of colour, animation and light Author: A former professor at the Nanyang Technological University of Singapore and the Università degli Studi of Milan, Italian-born Giannalberto Bendazzi has thoroughly investigated the history of animation for more than forty years. A founding member of the Society for Animation Studies, he has authored or edited various classics in various languages and has lectured extensively on every continent. He received an honorary doctorate from Lisbon University in 2019.
A Multidisciplinary Introduction to Information Security (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)
by Stig F. MjølsnesWith most services and products now being offered through digital communications, new challenges have emerged for information security specialists. A Multidisciplinary Introduction to Information Security presents a range of topics on the security, privacy, and safety of information and communication technology. It brings together methods in pure m
A Multimodal End-2-End Approach to Accessible Computing (Human–Computer Interaction Series)
by Pradipta Biswas Patrick Langdon Luis Almeida Carlos DuarteThis book illustrates how Interactive Systems can help elderly and disabled populations engage with the world around them by finding methods of overcoming the difficulties these communities face when using such systems by presenting the latest in state-of-the-art technology and providing a vision for accessibility for the near future. The challenges faced by accessibility practitioners are discussed and the different phases of delivering accessible products and services are explored. A collection of eminent researchers from around the world cover topics on developing and standardizing user models for inclusive design, adaptable multimodal system development for digital TV and ubiquitous devices, presenting research on intelligent voice recognition, adaptable pointing, browsing and navigation, and affect and gesture recognition. The research not only focuses on how these can be hugely beneficial to primary users, but often finding useful applications for their able-bodied counterparts. For this new edition, new chapters have been added focusing on the latest developments in games for the visually impaired, inclusive interfaces for the agricultural industry in India and technologies to improve accessibility in broadcasting in Japan. A Multimodal End-2-End Approach to Accessible Computing will be an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners alike.
A Multimodal End-2-End Approach to Accessible Computing (Human–Computer Interaction Series)
by Pradipta Biswas, Carlos Duarte, Patrick Langdon, Luis Almeida and Christoph JungResearch in intelligent interactive systems can offer valuable assistance to elderly and disabled populations by helping them to achieve greater levels of engagement with the world. Many users find it difficult to use existing interaction devices, either for physical or age-related impairments. However, research on intelligent voice recognition, adaptable pointing, browsing and navigation, and affect and gesture recognition can hugely benefit such users. Additionally, systems and services developed for elderly or disabled people often find useful applications for their able-bodied counterparts.A Multimodal End-2-End Approach to Accessible Computing illustrates the state-of-the-art of technology and presents a vision for accessibility in the near future. It considers challenges faced by accessibility practitioners at research institutes, industries and legislative institutions throughout the world, and explores the different phases of delivering accessible products and services through design, development, deployment and maintenance. A collection of eminent researchers cover topics on developing and standardizing user models for inclusive design, adaptable multimodal system development for digital TV and ubiquitous devices.With a foreword from the BBC’s Head of Technology and organiser of the Switchover Help Scheme, and an End Note from the chairman of the ITU-T’s Focus Group on Audiovisual Media Accessibility (presenting a vision for accessible computing), this book will be an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners.
A Multiple-Testing Approach to the Multivariate Behrens-Fisher Problem: with Simulations and Examples in SAS® (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Tejas DesaiIn statistics, the Behrens-Fisher problem is the problem of interval estimation and hypothesis testing concerning the difference between the means of two normally distributed populations when the variances of the two populations are not assumed to be equal, based on two independent samples. In his 1935 paper, Fisher outlined an approach to the Behrens-Fisher problem. Since high-speed computers were not available in Fisher's time, this approach was not implementable and was soon forgotten. Fortunately, now that high-speed computers are available, this approach can easily be implemented using just a desktop or a laptop computer. Furthermore, Fisher's approach was proposed for univariate samples. But this approach can also be generalized to the multivariate case. In this monograph, we present the solution to the afore-mentioned multivariate generalization of the Behrens-Fisher problem. We start out by presenting a test of multivariate normality, proceed to test(s) of equality of covariance matrices, and end with our solution to the multivariate Behrens-Fisher problem. All methods proposed in this monograph will be include both the randomly-incomplete-data case as well as the complete-data case. Moreover, all methods considered in this monograph will be tested using both simulations and examples.
A Narrative History of Artificial Intelligence: The Perpetual Frontier of Information Technology
by Masayuki IdaThis book addresses the history of artificial intelligence through the author’s experiences from the 1960s, when AI was a dream to give computers far more power than the progress for industrial technological advancement. The book starts from the AI pioneering days including what the author witnessed and impressed, then the episodes during AI boom of the 80s and 90s when the author was involved in ANSI X3J13 committee work as a principal member, translating Common Lisp books into Japanese, leading committee works in Japan for global standardization, and visiting MIT AI Lab for totally three years. The book points out that neural network research started in the 1980s, highlighting the DARPA report dated in 1988. The last episodes and thoughts include the experiences with business school students after the author moved from engineering school. The former half is from a view of an engineering mind and then the latter is based on how the author struggled with business-minded people to explain the core of AI. This book is suitable for anyone interested in the history of Artificial Intelligence. The content is easy to follow, even for readers without prior knowledge of AI. Experts will also find something new and thought-provoking.
A Nature-Inspired Approach to Cryptology (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1122)
by Atulya K. Nagar Shishir Kumar Shandilya Agni DattaThis book introduces nature-inspired algorithms and their applications to modern cryptography. It helps the readers to get into the field of nature-based approaches to solve complex cryptographic issues. This book provides a comprehensive view of nature-inspired research which could be applied in cryptography to strengthen security. It will also explore the novel research directives such as Clever algorithms and immune-based cyber resilience. New experimented nature-inspired approaches are having enough potential to make a huge impact in the field of cryptanalysis. This book gives a lucid introduction to this exciting new field and will promote further research in this domain. The book discusses the current landscape of cryptography and nature-inspired research and will be helpful to prospective students and professionals to explore further.
A Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites
by Zizi PapacharissiA Networked Self examines self presentation and social connection in the digital age. This collection brings together new work on online social networks by leading scholars from a variety of disciplines. The focus of the volume rests on the construction of the self, and what happens to self-identity when it is presented through networks of social connections in new media environments. The volume is structured around the core themes of identity, community, and culture - the central themes of social network sites. Contributors address theory, research, and practical implications of many aspects of online social networks including self-presentation, behavioral norms, patterns and routines, social impact, privacy, class/gender/race divides, taste cultures online, uses of social networking sites within organizations, activism, civic engagement and political impact.
A Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites (A Networked Self)
by Zizi PapacharissiA Networked Self examines self presentation and social connection in the digital age. This collection brings together new work on online social networks by leading scholars from a variety of disciplines. The focus of the volume rests on the construction of the self, and what happens to self-identity when it is presented through networks of social connections in new media environments. The volume is structured around the core themes of identity, community, and culture - the central themes of social network sites. Contributors address theory, research, and practical implications of many aspects of online social networks including self-presentation, behavioral norms, patterns and routines, social impact, privacy, class/gender/race divides, taste cultures online, uses of social networking sites within organizations, activism, civic engagement and political impact.