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Functional Analysis and Optimization Methods in Hadron Physics (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by Irinel CapriniThis book begins with a brief historical review of the early applications of standard dispersion relations in particle physics. It then presents the modern perspective within the Standard Model, emphasizing the relation of analyticity together with alternative tools applied to strong interactions, such as perturbative and lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), as well as chiral perturbation theory. The core of the book argues that, in order to improve the prediction of specific hadronic observables, it is often necessary to resort to methods of complex analysis more sophisticated than the simple Cauchy integral. Accordingly, a separate mathematical chapter is devoted to solving several functional analysis optimization problems. Their applications to physical amplitudes and form factors are discussed in the following chapters, which also demonstrate how to merge the analytic approach with statistical analysis tools. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for researchers working in precision hadronic physics, as well as graduate students who are new to the field.
Functional Analysis, Calculus of Variations and Numerical Methods for Models in Physics and Engineering
by Fabio Silva BotelhoThe book discusses basic concepts of functional analysis, measure and integration theory, calculus of variations and duality and its applications to variational problems of non-convex nature, such as the Ginzburg-Landau system in superconductivity, shape optimization models, dual variational formulations for micro-magnetism and others. Numerical Methods for such and similar problems, such as models in flight mechanics and the Navier-Stokes system in fluid mechanics have been developed through the generalized method of lines, including their matrix finite dimensional approximations. It concludes with a review of recent research on Riemannian geometry applied to Quantum Mechanics and Relativity. The book will be of interest to applied mathematicians and graduate students in applied mathematics. Physicists, engineers and researchers in related fields will also find the book useful in providing a mathematical background applicable to their respective professional areas.
Functional Equations with Causal Operators (Stability And Control Ser. #Vol. 16)
by C. CorduneanuFunctional equations encompass most of the equations used in applied science and engineering: ordinary differential equations, integral equations of the Volterra type, equations with delayed argument, and integro-differential equations of the Volterra type. The basic theory of functional equations includes functional differential equations with cau
Functional Magnetic and Spintronic Nanomaterials (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics)
by Igor Vladymyrskyi Burkard Hillebrands Denys Makarov Alexander Serga Oleksandr ProkopenkoMacroscopic objects made of magnetic materials have been known to mankind for several thousand years and are widely used in various fields of human activity. With the development and practical implementation of microelectronics, and more recently nanoelectronics, it has become possible to develop and manufacture magnetic nanomaterials, dramatically expanding the scope of magnetics in modern technologies. Today, magnetic nanomaterials and nanostructures are key components of advanced information technologies. They are widely used in eMobility, medicine, sensors, robotics, etc., and have significant potential for application in prospective smart wearables and human-machine interfaces. This volume outlines recent research in the field of functional magnetic and spintronic materials. Each of the 10 chapters in the volume is self-contained, allowing the topics to be explored independently of the material in other chapters. The book covers the entire “life cycle” of magnetic/spintronic nanomaterials: from theoretical and numerical studies of their properties (Ch. 1), fabrication and experimental study of film systems (Ch. 2), fabrication of nanostructures (Ch. 3), study of electromagnetic phenomena occurring in such nanostructures (Chs. 4-10), to the use of these nanostructures in new technologies, particularly in spintronic energy harvesting (Ch. 9) and quantum sensing (Ch. 10). Some of the contributions to this volume were presented as lectures and reports at the Advanced Research Workshop “Functional Spintronic Nanomaterials for Radiation Detection and Energy Harvesting” (25–27 September 2023, Kyiv, Ukraine), which was supported by the NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme.
Functional Metal Oxide Nanostructures
by Junqiao Wu Jinbo Cao Wei-Qiang Han Ho-Cheol Kim Anderson JanottiMetal oxides and particularly their nanostructures have emerged as animportant class of materials with a rich spectrum of properties and greatpotential for device applications. In this book, contributions from leadingexperts emphasize basic physical properties, synthesis and processing, and thelatest applications in such areas as energy, catalysis and data storage. Functional Metal Oxide Nanostructuresis an essential reference for any materials scientist or engineer with aninterest in metal oxides, and particularly in recent progress in defectphysics, strain effects, solution-based synthesis, ionic conduction, and theirapplications.
Functional Plant Ecology (Books in Soils, Plants, and the Environment)
by Francisco I. Pugnaire Fernando ValladaresFollowing in the footsteps of the successful first edition, Functional Plant Ecology, Second Edition remains the most authoritative resource in this multidisciplinary field. Extensively revised and updated, this book investigates plant structure and behavior across the ecological spectrum. It features the ecology and evolution of plant crowns and a
Functional Polymer Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment (Springer Series in Materials Science #323)
by Suprakas Sinha Ray Mpitloane Joseph HatoThis book provides an overview of the latest advances in applications of nanocomposites in wastewater treatment. This book is dedicated to recent developments in the application of polymer nanocomposites to wastewater treatment. Based on their morphology and tailored compositions, polymer nanocomposites provide powerful tools for environmental remediation via selective adsorption of contaminants in complex environmental matrices. The book reviews recent progress in this field, covering various nanocomposite fabrication routes and novel applications for pollutant sensing and detection. It includes discussion of different types of nanocomposites based on metal–organic frameworks and hydrogels, while also covering related topics such as nanocomposite membranes, photocatalysts, and bio-nanocomposites for pollution abatement. Ideal for researchers and engineers in the field, this collection of contributed chapters offers a timely review of current research in nanomaterials for cost-effective pollution control technologies.
Functioning and Management of European Beech Ecosystems
by Rainer Brumme Partap K. KhannaThis volume compiles the results of long-term observations of site properties and ecosystem processes for three beech forests. Representing a spectrum of common beech forest sites in Central Europe, they receive similar atmospheric inputs and are growing under similar climatic conditions, but differ in their soil acidity. Significant differences were observed in the diversity and activities of fauna and microbes in these soils, which was the major driving variable for the nutrient cycling processes, growth patterns, greenhouse gas emissions and the C and N sequestration in these forests. Differences in N and C contents and cycling among the three beech sites represented three phases (quasi steady-state, accumulation and degradation) as described by ecosystem theory on the functioning and historical development of the N dynamic of other 50 European ecosystems. Various implications for the future management of these and similar beech sites are discussed.
Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment
by Jianming Xu Jianjun Wu Yan HeFunctions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment presents contributions from the 16th Meeting of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS 16) held in Hangzhou, China on September 9-14, 2012. It provides a comprehensive and updated research advance in the field of characterization, function, application of humic substances (HS) and natural organic matter (NOM) in environment, agriculture, and industry. A broad range of topics are covered: i) formation, structure and characteristics of HS and NOM; ii) HS/NOM and carbon sequestration; iii) HS/NOM and biogeochemical cycling of nutrients; iv) HS/NOM and the environmental processes of toxic elements and anthropogenic organics; v) HS/NOM, naturally occurring and engineered nanoparticles; vi) HS/NOM, biodiversity and ecosystem health; vii) HS/NOM in water and water treatment; viii) characterization and function of biochar in the environment; and ix) industrial products and application of HS. The book will be an invaluable reference for chemists, biologists, environmental scientists, ecologists, soil scientists, water scientists, agronomists, global change researchers and policy makers. Jianming Xu is Professor and Director at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Jianjun Wu is Professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Yan He is Associate Professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics
by Annarita Laricchiuta Domenico Bruno Mario CapitelliFundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Transport develops basic and advanced concepts of plasma transport to the modern treatment of the Chapman-Enskog method for the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation. The book invites the reader to consider actual problems of the transport of thermal plasmas with particular attention to the derivation of diffusion- and viscosity-type transport cross sections, stressing the role of resonant charge-exchange processes in affecting the diffusion-type collision calculation of viscosity-type collision integrals. A wide range of topics is then discussed including (1) the effect of non-equilibrium vibrational distributions on the transport of vibrational energy, (2) the role of electronically excited states in the transport properties of thermal plasmas, (3) the dependence of transport properties on the multitude of Saha equations for multi-temperature plasmas, and (4) the effect of the magnetic field on transport properties. Throughout the book, worked examples are provided to clarify concepts and mathematical approaches. This book is the second of a series of three published by the Bari group on fundamental aspects of plasma chemical physics. The first book, Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Thermodynamics, is dedicated to plasma thermodynamics; and the third, Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics: Kinetics, deals with plasma kinetics.
Fundamental Behavior of Unsaturated Widely-Graded Soil: The Hydraulic and Mechanic Behavior of Coarse-fine Mixed Soil and its Influence on Slope Stability
by Limin Zhang Xu Li Hongfen ZhaoThis book focuses on the engineering properties of unsaturated widely graded soils and their influence on slope stability. This book characterizes the natural widely graded colluvial soils from macroscale, mesoscale, and microscale viewpoints, introduces the techniques for measuring hydro-mechanical properties for unsaturated widely graded colluvial soils, and clarifies the hydro-mechanical behavior and the failure mechanism of widely graded colluvial soils subjected to environmental loads. This book improves the understanding of rainfall-induced landslides on natural slopes. Researchers and engineers in the field of civil engineering can benefit from the book.
Fundamental Mass Transfer Concepts in Engineering Applications
by Ismail TosunFundamental Mass Transfer Concepts in Engineering Applications provides the basic principles of mass transfer to upper undergraduate and graduate students from different disciplines. This book outlines foundational material and equips students with sufficient mathematical skills to tackle various engineering problems with confidence. It covers mass transfer in both binary and multicomponent systems and integrates the use of Mathcad® for solving problems. This textbook is an ideal resource for a one-semester course. Key Features The concepts are explained with the utmost clarity in simple and elegant language Presents theory followed by a variety of practical, fully-worked example problems Includes a summary of the mathematics necessary for mass transfer calculations in an appendix Provides ancillary Mathcad® subroutines Includes end-of-chapter problems and a solutions manual for adopting instructors
Fundamental Math and Physics for Scientists and Engineers
by David Yevick Hannah YevickThis text summarizes the core undergraduate physics curriculum together with the mathematics frequently encountered in engineering and physics calculations, focusing on content relevant to practical applications.Covers major undergraduate physics topics including the complete Physics GRE subject examination syllabusOverview of key results in undergraduate applied mathematics and introduces scientific programmingPresents simple, coherent derivations and illustrations of fundamental concepts
Fundamental Mathematical Structures of Quantum Theory: Spectral Theory, Foundational Issues, Symmetries, Algebraic Formulation
by Valter MorettiThis textbook presents in a concise and self-contained way the advanced fundamental mathematical structures in quantum theory. It is based on lectures prepared for a 6 months course for MSc students. The reader is introduced to the beautiful interconnection between logic, lattice theory, general probability theory, and general spectral theory including the basic theory of von Neumann algebras and of the algebraic formulation, naturally arising in the study of the mathematical machinery of quantum theories. Some general results concerning hidden-variable interpretations of QM such as Gleason's and the Kochen-Specker theorems and the related notions of realism and non-contextuality are carefully discussed. This is done also in relation with the famous Bell (BCHSH) inequality concerning local causality.Written in a didactic style, this book includes many examples and solved exercises.The work is organized as follows. Chapter 1 reviews some elementary facts and properties of quantum systems. Chapter 2 and 3 present the main results of spectral analysis in complex Hilbert spaces. Chapter 4 introduces the point of view of the orthomodular lattices' theory. Quantum theory form this perspective turns out to the probability measure theory on the non-Boolean lattice of elementary observables and Gleason's theorem characterizes all these measures. Chapter 5 deals with some philosophical and interpretative aspects of quantum theory like hidden-variable formulations of QM. The Kochen-Specker theorem and its implications are analyzed also in relation BCHSH inequality, entanglement, realism, locality, and non-contextuality. Chapter 6 focuses on the algebra of observables also in the presence of superselection rules introducing the notion of von Neumann algebra. Chapter 7 offers the idea of (groups of) quantum symmetry, in particular, illustrated in terms of Wigner and Kadison theorems. Chapter 8 deals with the elementary ideas and results of the so called algebraic formulation of quantum theories in terms of both *-algebras and C*-algebras.This book should appeal to a dual readership: on one hand mathematicians that wish to acquire the tools that unlock the physical aspects of quantum theories; on the other physicists eager to solidify their understanding of the mathematical scaffolding of quantum theories.
Fundamental Physics and Physics Education Research (Springer Proceedings In Physics Ser. #145)
by Burra G. Sidharth Marisa Michelini Jesús Carnicer Murillo Carmen PereaThis book highlights selected contributions presented at the 15th annual international symposium Frontiers of Fundamental Physics (FFP15), with the aim of informing readers about the most important recent advances in fundamental physics and physics education research. The FFP series offers a platform for physicists from around the world to present their latest theories and findings. The latest symposium was held in Orihuela, Spain and covered diverse fields of research, including gravitation, astronomy and astrophysics, physics of complex systems, high-energy physics, and mathematical physics. Considerable attention was also paid to physics education research, teacher education in physics, and the popularization of physics. In a knowledge-based society, research into fundamental physics plays a vital role in both the advancement of human knowledge and the development of new technologies. Presenting valuable new peer-reviewed contributions submitted from 15 countries, this book will appeal to a broad audience of scholars and researchers.
Fundamental Principles of Environmental Physics
by Abel Rodrigues Raul Albuquerque Sardinha Gabriel PitaThis book is an interdisciplinary and accessible guide to environmental physics. It allows readers to gain a more complete understanding of physical process and their interaction with ecological ones underpin important environmental issues.The book covers a wide range of topics within environmental physics, including:• natural and anthropogenic canopies, including forests, urban or wavy terrains;• the fundamentals of heat transfer;• atmospheric flow dynamics;• global carbon budget;• climate change; and• the relevance of biochar as a global carbon sink.Including solved exercises, numerous illustrations and tables, as well as an entire chapter focused on applications, book is of interest to researchers, students and industrial engineers alike.
Fundamental Principles of Environmental Physics
by Abel Rodrigues Gabriel Pita Raul Albuquerque SardinhaThis book is an interdisciplinary guide to environmental physics grounded in sound mathematical formulation. Its holistic approach allows readers to gain a more complete understanding of physical processes and their interactions with ecological ones, which underpin important environmental issues. The primary focus is on the atmospheric surface layer and topsoil layers. This book interests researchers, students, agronomists, foresters, and urbanist engineers alike. The book covers a wide range of topics within environmental physics, including: • natural and anthropogenic canopies, including forests, urban or wavy terrains; • fundamentals of heat and mass transfer; • atmospheric flow dynamics; • eddy covariance and aerodynamic approaches for quantification of atmospheric fluxes; • global carbon budget; • soil-water relationships; • climate change; and • the relevance of biochar as a global carbon sink. Each chapter includes solved exercises, numerous illustrations, and tables. This refreshed and updated edition also contains a new chapter on soil-water relationships.
Fundamentals Of Physical Geography class 11 - NCERT - 23
by National Council Of Educational Research And Training"FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY" is a Class XI textbook by NCERT that delves into the intricacies of Earth's physical characteristics. Covering the Earth's origin and evolution, the book elaborates on internal and external geological processes and the resulting landforms. Atmospheric and climatic phenomena are explored, offering a detailed look into climate and weather patterns. The significance of oceans, both in terms of geography and the life they support, is highlighted. The text underscores the importance of ecological balance and environmental conservation, emphasizing the need for sustainable development. Rich with diagrams and illustrations, the book provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the Earth's dynamic systems and the importance of preserving its delicate balance.
Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy
by Ruth Signorell Jonathan P. ReidHelping you better understand the processes, instruments, and methods of aerosol spectroscopy, Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy provides an overview of the state of the art in this rapidly developing field. It covers fundamental aspects of aerosol spectroscopy, applications to atmospherically and astronomically relevant problem
Fundamentals and Applications of Crop and Climate Science
by Latief Ahmad Asim Biswas Gazi Mohammad ShahThis book encompasses all aspects and perspectives of crop and climate science. It aims to serve as the authoritative resource for undergraduate students seeking answers and insights into the field of crop science and agro meteorology. The book covers a wide range of topics, starting from the foundational principles of crops and extending to various meteorological phenomena. It is built upon the latest research in crop science and agro-meteorology, providing clear and concise explanations without unnecessary filler content. The transitions between topics are smooth and coherent, ensuring optimal comprehension. The initial chapters focus on the fundamental principles of crop science, while the later sections delve into the concepts and practices of agro-meteorology. This book is specifically designed for advanced undergraduate students and beyond studying crops, meteorology, horticulture, forestry, fisheries, and related fields. Special care has been taken by authors to match the content with current scenario and advancement in the field of agriculture sciences.
Fundamentals and Frontiers of the Josephson Effect (Springer Series in Materials Science #286)
by Francesco TafuriThis book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the Josephson effect, a topic of never-ending interest in both fundamental and applied physics. In this volume, world-renowned experts present the unique aspects of the physics of the Josephson effect, resulting from the use of new materials, of hybrid architectures and from the possibility of realizing nanoscale junctions. These new experimental capabilities lead to systems where novel coherent phenomena and transport processes emerge. All this is of great relevance and impact, especially when combined with the didactic approach of the book. The reader will benefit from a general and modern view of coherent phenomena in weakly-coupled superconductors on a macroscopic scale. Topics that have been only recently discussed in specialized papers and in short reviews are described here for the first time and organized in a general framework. An important section of the book is also devoted to applications, with focus on long-term, future applications. In addition to a significant number of illustrations, the book includes numerous tables for comparative studies on technical aspects.
Fundamentals and Practical Aspects of Gas Injection (Petroleum Engineering)
by Reza Azin Amin IzadpanahiThis book covers different aspects of gas injection, from the classic pressure maintenance operation to enhanced oil recovery (EOR), underground gas storage (UGS), and carbon capture and storage (CCS). The authors detail the unique characteristics and specific criteria of each application, including: material balance equationsphase behaviourreservoir engineeringwell designoperating aspectssurface facilitiesenvironmental issues Examples, data, and simulation codes are provided to enable the reader to gain an in-depth understanding of these applications. Fundamentals and Practical Aspects of Gas Injection will be of use to practising engineers in the fields of reservoir engineering, and enhanced oil recovery. It will also be of interest to researchers, academics, and graduate students working in the field of petroleum engineering.
Fundamentals of Air Cleaning Technology and Its Application in Cleanrooms
by Zhonglin XuFundamentals of Air Cleaning Technology and Its Application in Cleanrooms sets up the theoretical framework for cleanrooms. New ideas and methods are presented, which include the characteristic index of cleanrooms, uniform and non-uniform distribution characteristics, the minimum sampling volume, a new concept of outdoor air conditioning and the fundamentals of leakage-preventing layers. Written by an author who can look back on major scientific achievements and 50 years of experience in this field, this book offers a concise and accessible introduction to the fundamentals of air cleaning technology and its application. The work is intended for researchers, college teachers, graduates, designers, technicians and corporate R&D personnel in the field of HVAC and air cleaning technology. Zhonglin Xu is a senior research fellow at China Academy of Building Research.
Fundamentals of Air Sampling
by Gregory D. WightThere is a growing need for environmental measurement personnel who possess a solid understanding of the techniques of air pollutant sampling. This essential book explains the fundamentals of air sampling, develops the theory of gas measurement, and presents several "how-to" examples of calibration and use of air and gas sampling devices. Other topics covered range from the basics of pressure measurement and units conversion to specific discussions regarding the use of a Volatile Organic Sampling Train or a SUMMA-polished canister sampling system.
Fundamentals of Biogeography (Routledge Fundamentals of Physical Geography)
by Richard John HuggettFundamentals of Biogeography presents an accessible, engaging and comprehensive introduction to biogeography, explaining the ecology, geography, history and conservation of animals and plants. Starting with an outline of how species arise, disperse, diversify and become extinct, the book examines: how environmental factors (climate, substrate, topography, and disturbance) influence animals and plants; investigates how populations grow, interact and survive; how communities form and change; and explores the connections between biogeography and conservation.The second edition has been extensively revised and expanded throughout to cover new topics and revisit themes from the first edition in more depth. Illustrated throughout with informative diagrams and attractive photos and including guides to further reading, chapter summaries and an extensive glossary of key terms, Fundamentals of Biogeography clearly explains key concepts in the history, geography and ecology of life systems. In doing so, it tackles some of the most topical and controversial environmental and ethical concerns including species over-exploitation, the impacts of global warming, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity loss and ecosystem restoration.