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Indoor Environmental Quality
by Thad GodishWhen we think of indoor pollution, we usually think of conditions originating from faulty ventilation systems, second hand smoke, and other air borne pollutants. Taking an in-depth, hard science look at the problems of indoor environmental pollution, Indoor Environmental Quality covers all the major indoor contaminants - inorganic, organic, and bio
Indoor Sound Environment and Acoustic Perception (Indoor Environment and Sustainable Building)
by Qi Meng Yue WuThis book mainly presents the state-of-the-art development in indoor sound environment. Not simply introducing the research on the acoustic environment or noise level of indoor building, the book considers the differences in the function of buildings and the perception of acoustic environment, as well as the relationship between sound quality and health and behavior. The book includes the multidisciplinary studies in architecture, acoustics, environmental science, psychology, sociology, and management. Therefore, it is used as a guide for government decision-makers, developers, planners, and architects to understand the effects of architectural design on building acoustic environment.
Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies
by National Research Council Committee on Earth Resources Board on Earth Sciences and Resources Division on Earth and Life Studies Committee on Seismology and Geodynamics Committee on Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies Committee on Geological and Geotechnical EngineeringIn the past several years, some energy technologies that inject or extract fluid from the Earth, such as oil and gas development and geothermal energy development, have been found or suspected to cause seismic events, drawing heightened public attention. Although only a very small fraction of injection and extraction activities among the hundreds of thousands of energy development sites in the United States have induced seismicity at levels noticeable to the public, understanding the potential for inducing felt seismic events and for limiting their occurrence and impacts is desirable for state and federal agencies, industry, and the public at large. To better understand, limit, and respond to induced seismic events, work is needed to build robust prediction models, to assess potential hazards, and to help relevant agencies coordinate to address them. Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies identifies gaps in knowledge and research needed to advance the understanding of induced seismicity; identify gaps in induced seismic hazard assessment methodologies and the research to close those gaps; and assess options for steps toward best practices with regard to energy development and induced seismicity potential.
Industrial Air Quality and Ventilation: Controlling Dust Emissions
by Ivan Nikolayevich Logachev Konstantin Ivanovich LogachevIn the field of industrial ventilation and air quality, a lack of adequate analysis for aerodynamic processes, as well as a shortage of properly equipped computer facilities, has forced specialists to rely on an empirical approach to find answers in the past. Commonly based on crude models, practical data, or countertypes, the answers often offered
Industrial Combustion Pollution and Control (Environmental Science And Pollution Ser. #Vol. 27)
by Jr. Charles E. BaukalThis reference overflows with an abundance of experimental techniques, simulation strategies, and practical applications useful in the control of pollutants generated by combustion processes in the metals, minerals, chemical, petrochemical, waste, incineration, paper, glass, and foods industries. The book assists engineers as they attempt to meet e
Industrial Composting: Environmental Engineering and Facilities Management
by Eliot EpsteinThe ultimate in recycling, composting has been in use in some form since ancient times. A well-managed composting facility should exist as a good neighbor contributing to ecology. However, since local populations often perceive risks if a composting facility is built nearby, composting facilities must be designed and operated with minimal odor, dus
Industrial Crops and Uses
by Bharat P. SinghThe book discusses the identification of plant species with desired traits, their cultivation to obtain the needed raw materials, methods utilized in producing different finished products, current and future research in crop production and processing, and the present status and future prospects of the industry.
Industrial Crops: Bioresources to Biotechnology
by Majeti Narasimha Prasad Aliyu Ahmad WarraThis book captures how industrial crops can be used in conventional agriculture and greener biopharming for pharmaceutical industries. Pharmaceuticals and industrial compounds are studied from the perspective of their co-existence with plant resources and byproducts. Such plant-based industrial products rely on scientific and technological breakthroughs and provide new opportunities for the agricultural sector, at the same time mitigate the risks associated with climate change. The management of the externalities and of the possible unintended economic effects that arise in this context is critical and poses difficult questions for regulators. The book also provides a review of the emerging agro-industrial biomass technology involved in conversion of most of the solid transgenic industrial crops by products such as plant oil lignocellulosic materials into liquid biobased energy-fuels. The book covers how innovative biotechnology can expand the markets for agricultural producers worldwide, reduce environmental degradation, and provide alternatives to fossil carbon-derived products and energy. Aspects of entrepreneurial biotechnology and bioprospecting are also covered.
Industrial Development and Eco-Tourisms: Can Oil Extraction and Nature Conservation Co-Exist?
by Alice Mattoni Mark C.J. Stoddart John McLeveyThis book examines the “oil-tourism interface”, the broad range of direct and indirect contact points between offshore oil extraction and nature-based tourism. Offshore oil extraction and nature-based tourism are pursued as development paths across the North Atlantic region. Offshore oil promises economic benefits from employment and royalty payments to host societies, but is based on fossil fuel-intensive resource extraction. Nature-based tourism, instead, is based on experiencing natural environments and encountering wildlife, including whales, seals, or seabirds. They share social-ecological space, such as oceans, coastlines, cities and towns where tourism and offshore oil operations and offices are located. However, they rarely share cultural or political space, in terms of media coverage, public debate, or policy discussion that integrates both modes of development. Through a comparative analysis of Denmark, Iceland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Norway, and Scotland, this book offers important lessons for how coastal societies can better navigate relationships between resource extraction and nature-based tourism in the interests of social-ecological wellbeing.
Industrial Development of Taiwan: Past Achievement and Future Challenges Beyond 2020 (Routledge-GRIPS Development Forum Studies)
by Gee San; Patarapong IntarakumnerdBefore the arrival of the twenty-first century, Taiwan was widely regarded as a successful model of a country which had not only transformed herself from an underdeveloped economy into a high-tech industrialised island, but had also undergone a revolution from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one. Taiwan is now experiencing a significant economic slowdown and facing multifaceted challenges including low productivity, stagnant innovation culture of small and medium-sized enterprises, ageing population, sustainable energy mix, pension reform, upgrading of human resources, devising competition policy to provide incentives for innovation as well as to limit abuses from monopolies, warding off competition from countries with lower labour cost and managing complicated cross-Strait relationship with China. The edited book looks at Taiwan’s past successful development model, summarises Taiwan’s current situation, outlines the future challenges beyond the year 2020 and provides policy recommendations in the aforementioned aspects. The contributors of this volume are accomplished veteran scholars in the fields. Several of them used to be policy-makers at the level of ministers or deputy ministers. The book offers not only academic contribution but policy-relevant insights.
Industrial Development: How States Build Capabilities and Deliver Economic Prosperity (Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy)
by Greg ClydesdaleGovernments are regularly judged by their ability to deliver economic prosperity, however many policies fail to deliver their desired outcomes. Industrial Development examines historical examples of how governments have attempted to build productive capabilities and promote industrial learning. Each chapter shows a different way in which this is done whether it is imitating existing production technologies, building new advanced technologies, tapping into existing global chains or building their own value chains. The book looks at a wide spectrum of countries and industries from Silicon Valley to the early Asian model of building domestic industries. The book also reveals that academics and policy makers can be a major source of policy failure. This book makes an important contribution to our understanding of capability building, industrial development and economic growth and will be an essential reading for economists, policy makers and government officials making policy in a global economy.
Industrial Ecology and Industry Symbiosis for Environmental Sustainability
by Xiaohong LiThis book opens up a critical dimension to the interdisciplinary field of Industrial Ecology (IE) and one of its four areas - Industrial Symbiosis (IS). Presenting the concept of closed-loop thinking, this timely book explains how industries and societies can achieve environmental sustainability, a necessity for today’s businesses. Providing a critical review of the definitions and developments of both IE and IS, this study establishes their fundamental role in improving environmental sustainability. The author identifies valuable lessons to be learned and presents conceptual frameworks to guide future IE and IS applications. Transforming industrial systems into closed-loop industrial ecosystems dramatically reduces the negative impact of industrial activities on the environment. Therefore, this book is an important read not only for operations management scholars, but also those who are interested in ensuring an environmentally sustainable future.
Industrial Ecology: A Fusion of Material and Energy in Green Supply Chain Context (Industrial Ecology)
by Yu Zhang Adeel Shah Che Rosmawati Che Mat Alisa Ibrahim Samreen MuzammilThis book provides readers with insight into current industrial ecology practices in developing and developed countries, how it impacts sustainability, and why it is becoming more relevant. The book affects the audience to understand the scarcity of raw materials because of COVID-19 lockdowns and rising population and resulting demand. The chapters in the book shed light on the best practices to increase sustainability practices, leading to an increase in the triple bottom line. Governments around the globe are striving to meet United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Based on current trends, governments, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will miss the target. For achieving the goals, current and future (grad students) managers should be educated to achieve the targets early. The inculcated idea of industrial ecology will enable managers to think in the right direction and use out-of-the-box ideas to increase sustainability in short-term and long-term solutions to their immediate problems and future threats and weaknesses in the Post COVID-19 era.
Industrial Evolution
by Lyle EstillIn Small is Possible Lyle Estill introduced the compelling story of the creation of a strong local economy by several committed entrepreneurs. Industrial Evolution shows how these same entrepreneurs kept their local economy alive in the face of economic downturn and uncertain times, emerging with a model of how industry might adapt and thrive in a post carbon future.
Industrial Geography in Contemporary China (China Perspectives)
by Canfei HeThis title provides an overall view of industrial geography in the context of contemporary China and investigates the development processes, research paradigms, and achievements of China’s industrial geography, with a particular focus on the post- reform period. The first two chapters introduce the overall background of industrialization and evolving policies of industrial geography in contemporary China. Based on sweeping literature reviews, empirical data analysis, and case studies, the author then examines key aspects of industrial geography and geographical patterns, dynamics, and the impact of industrial development. The following topics are discussed in detail: the geographical distribution and agglomeration of industries; national industrial parks; urbanization and industrialization; regional evolution of industries and interregional networks; firms and industrial organizations; exports, foreign investment, and trade; labour migration; land supply; industrial innovation; environmental issues and regulations; and industrial planning. In providing a full picture of the industrial geography of contemporary China, the title will be an essential reference for scholars and students studying economic geography, industrial geography, and the industrial and economic development of the People’s Republic of China.
Industrial Hubs and Economic Catch-Up: Productive Transformation and Governance (Palgrave Studies in African and Development Economics)
by Arkebe OqubayThis book explores the vital role industrial hubs play in the economic catch-up of developing and emerging economies. It examines the characteristics of newly industrialised economies and the potential for industrial hubs to enable economic transformation, industrial agglomeration, and technological development. The uneven nature of industrialisation and economic growth is highlighted by case studies worldwide, including China, Singapore, South Korea, and Vietnam from Asia; and Ethiopia, Mauritius, and Morocco from Africa. An industrial policy framework for productive transformation and governance is outlined to present how the impact of industrial hubs can be maximised in accelerating late industrialisation and economic catch-up. This book offers unique insight into the opportunities and challenges presented by industrial hub development within emerging and developing economies. It will be of interest to students, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working on industrial policy and development economics.
Industrial Location and Site Planning
by Hans MertensThis book looks at the complexity of the topic of industrial site planning. Levels and actors are understood and discussed in terms of their mutual interaction. There is no stable “end state” in any industrial sector. At best, these are states of balance in motion. The aim is therefore, to show paths and phases of development that help to overcome stagnation thresholds and to explore the triggering moments for (new) dynamics. Technological justifications (such as AI, Industry 4.0, decarbonization) are only one dimension. Industrial policy, cooperation models – inter-communal for example in the case between market participants and producers, as well as integrative planning activities, both have socio-economic and ecological dimensions.Based on various regional examples from central Germany (and certain international comparisons) this volume helps illustrate industrial location developments in the context of ongoing regional structural changes. The author's (architect andmember of relevant specialist organizations, MBA in Switzerland and the USA) involvement with a wide variety of projects (monuments, university and industrial buildings, residential construction, etc.) over almost 40 years is based on design and construction practice. Furthermore, 7 technical experts have reflected on the diverse dimension of the subject presented in this volume. Additionally, deindustrialization scenarios are contrasted with the necessity and path to neo-industrialization.
Industrial Location and Vitalization of Regional Economy
by Toshiharu Ishikawa Daisuke NakamuraThis book explains the roles of the industrial location in vitalizing regional economies in various economic environments created due to the progress of globalization. Here, this book elucidates the impact of industrial location and locational factors on regional economies. It clarifies the effects on industrial location of regulations and corporate tax. And the book explains the regional economic influence of the employment and agglomeration that are factors influencing the location. It also focuses on some countries and examines the relationships between the industrial location and the vitalization of regional economy in each country. This analysis covers the automotive and high-tech industries in the northeastern region of China, the impact of urban systems on regional development in the Philippines, and firms in revitalization in the northern region of Sweden. And it reveals achievements and challenges in each region. Finally, the book clarifies that the level of achievement in regional development is related to the educational environment. It also suggests that the industrial composition of a region is influenced by the level of regional cooperation with other regions. The analyses in the book show that a region must select the industries that match its newly emerged regional characteristics for vitalization.
Industrial Location: Principles, Practice and Policy
by Barney Warf James W. HarringtonLocation is vital to the efficiency and profitability of industrial activity. Industrial Location presents a comprehensive introduction to and critical review of this field of growing academic and business interest. In business, the right choices have to be made to produce profit. Industrial location is a fixed investment, crucial to the strategy and capital investment of any organization. Location also impacts upon non-investors, directly affecting employment, the environment, and economic activity in the locale. Focusing chiefly on the United States, but drawing on an international range of cases, the authors explain the economic, social and political forces which have shaped comtemporary patterns of industrialization and examines the changing nature of production and systems.
Industrial Megaprojects: Concepts, Strategies, and Practices for Success
by Edward W. MerrowThe most up-to-date edition of the bestselling text on megaprojects In the newly revised second edition of Industrial Megaprojects Revisited: Concepts, Strategies, and Practices for Success, 2nd Edition , veteran megaproject valuator Edward Merrow delivers an accessible and authoritative discussion of why megaprojects frequently go over budget, past their deadlines, or result in safety compromises. You’ll explore project management deficiencies, destructive team dynamics, weak accountability systems, short-term biases, and technical expertise gaps and, more importantly, learn how to avoid or address these pitfalls in the real world. This latest edition offers extensive new material on renewable energy and decarbonization projects, as well as: Clear, nontechnical explanations of why major projects tend to get into trouble Strategies to avoid hazardous and costly errors in the high-stakes megaproject environment A comprehensive collection of tools, tips, principles, and frameworks to take a megaproject from start to finish without compromising on safety, blowing the budget, or exceeding the deadline An essential resource for engineers and industry professionals and executives, Industrial Megaprojects remains the gold standard on the subject. It also belongs in the libraries of finance and banking professionals who regularly fund these projects, and academics who research them.
Industrial Policy and Economic Development: Theory, Strategy, and Practice (Palgrave Studies in African and Development Economics)
by Arkebe OqubayThis book explores industrial policy and how it can drive economic development within emerging and developing countries. It examines the potential for sustainable economic growth and green industrialisation to deliver economic transformation and catch-up. The ways in which manufacturing can accelerate decarbonisation through the development of low-carbon industrial hubs, promote the expansion of renewable energy, and encourage investment in green technology and innovation are highlighted to show how industrial policy is key to achieving the net zero goals, the 2030 Agenda, and the Sustainable Development Goals. The links between industrial policy and urban transformation are also discussed to underline how cities can drive economic growth and foster technological innovation within the developing world. This book offers a framework for industrial policy and economic development that can be applied within emerging and developing economies, particularly in Africa. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in development economics, industrial policy, and environmental economics.
Industrial Ruination, Community and Place
by Alice MahAbandoned factories, shipyards, warehouses, and refineries are features of many industrialized cities around the world. But despite their state of decline, these derelict sites remain vitally connected with the urban landscapes that surround them. In this enlightening new book, Alice Mah explores the experiences of urban decline and post-industrial change in three different community contexts: Niagara Falls, Canada/USA; Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK; and Ivanovo, Russia.Employing a unique methodological approach that combines ethnographic, spatial, and documentary methods, Mah draws on international comparisons of the landscapes and legacies of industrial ruination over the past forty years. Through this, she foregrounds the complex challenges of living with prolonged uncertainty and deprivation amidst socioeconomic change. This rich comparative study makes an essential contribution to far-reaching debates about the decline of manufacturing, regeneration, and identity, and will have important implications for urban theory and policy.
Industrial Transition: New Global-Local Patterns of Production, Work, and Innovation (The Dynamics of Economic Space)
by Martina FuchsRecently, the international division of labour in industrial production has grown increasingly more volatile. The separation between 'high-end' tasks undertaken in the traditional core economies and 'low-end' tasks undertaken in newly emerging economies has become increasingly blurred. The new dynamics and unpredictability of actor and process configurations in internationalized production bring new challenges for research in economic geography, regional economics and management sciences. The allocation of R&D and production mandates within or between enterprises, the setting up, closing down, purchase or sale of subsidiaries at different localities, the shifting patterns of collaborative innovation, together with newly evolving forms of capitalism, all appear to interact in ways not seen before. It appears we have entered a new era termed 'industrial transition'. This book forms the first approach toward conceptualising the term and compiling illustrative empirical underpinnings. Contributions by an international set of renowned economic geographers highlight the major features and case studies of 'industrial transition' and address various questions that matter for the future of our global economy: How are regions and localities affected by the shift of product mandates? In which ways do changes differ between industrial sectors and economic regions? How can regions and localities adequately prepare for or react to foreseeable changes; and how can regional resilience and response capacities be built and enhanced?
Industrial Tree Plantations and the Land Rush in China: Implications for Global Land Grabbing (Routledge Studies in Global Land and Resource Grabbing)
by Yunan XuThis book analyses the political and economic causes, mechanisms and impacts of the industrial tree plantation boom in China. In the past two decades, the industrial tree plantation sector has been expanding rapidly in China, especially in Guangxi Province. Based on extensive primary data, this book concentrates on the political economy of the sector’s expansion with a focus on the recent and dramatic agrarian transformation involving the land-labour nexus, the impact on villagers’ livelihoods, the role of the state, and political reactions from below. The book questions the stereotypical portrayal of local communities as the excluded villager. Instead, it demonstrates that this is a much more complex issue with varying levels of passive and active forms of inclusion and exclusion within local communities. While most literature focuses on crop booms for food and biofuel production the industrial plantation sector has largely been overlooked, despite it being one of the biggest sectors in the current rush for land. Filling this lacuna, this book also reveals that while China has traditionally been painted as a major land grabber and consumer of crop booms it is also a destination of foreign investment. In doing so the book highlights how large-scale foreign land deals can also take place in traditional ‘grabber’ countries like China which feeds into the wider debates about global land politics and resource grabbing. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of land grabbing, rural development and agrarian transformations, as well as Chinese development.
Industrial Wastewater Reuse: Applications, Prospects and Challenges
by Maulin P. ShahThis book identifies emerging technologies that allow the reuse and regeneration of industrial wastewater with innovative and applied approaches throughout the wastewater treatment cycle. Today, it is increasingly clear that treated urban wastewater, whose reuse has become an important component of long-term water management worldwide, is a key source of chemical pollutants and emerging biological concerns. Current water-quality guidelines for reclaimed wastewater predominantly address the risks associated with the presence of microbial organisms and chemical parameters such as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, E. coli and worms, and in some cases heavy metals; however, they are insufficient for the full evaluation of risks. The global growth of population is concentrated in urban areas; therefore, most of the challenges and solutions related to wastewater reside in urban treatment plants. Unless wastewater management and wastewater governance processes are significantly improved within a decade, it is likely that our societies will face severe and prolonged water insecurity and urban floods.The application of sustainable technologies can eliminate or minimize micro-contaminants in wastewater. Several organizations focus on the potential impacts to humans and their environments by wastewater reuse. This book gathers new research and reviews work from researchers and scientists to identify the main barriers and limitations that will need to be overcome, so that wastewater reuse strategies gain more momentum and will be adopted more efficiently worldwide.The book is designed for engineers, scientists, and other professionals who are seeking an excellent introduction to and basic knowledge of the principles of environmental bioremediation technologies.