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Magnetic Fields in the Solar System: Planets, Moons and Solar Wind Interactions (Astrophysics and Space Science Library #448)
by Hermann Lühr Johannes Wicht Stuart A. Gilder Matthias HolschneiderThis book addresses and reviews many of the still little understood questions related to the processes underlying planetary magnetic fields and their interaction with the solar wind. With focus on research carried out within the German Priority Program "PlanetMag", it also provides an overview of the most recent research in the field. Magnetic fields play an important role in making a planet habitable by protecting the environment from the solar wind. Without the geomagnetic field, for example, life on Earth as we know it would not be possible. And results from recent space missions to Mars and Venus strongly indicate that planetary magnetic fields play a vital role in preventing atmospheric erosion by the solar wind. However, very little is known about the underlying interaction between the solar wind and a planet's magnetic field. The book takes a synergistic interdisciplinary approach that combines newly developed tools for data acquisition and analysis, computer simulations of planetary interiors and dynamos, models of solar wind interaction, measurement of ancient terrestrial rocks and meteorites, and laboratory investigations.
Magnetic Fusion Technology
by Thomas J. DolanMagnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: * magnet systems, * plasma heating systems, * control systems, * energy conversion systems, * advanced materials development, * vacuum systems, * cryogenic systems, * plasma diagnostics, * safety systems, and * power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.
Magnetic Levitation
by Hyung-Suk Han Dong-Sung KimThis book provides a comprehensive overview of magnetic levitation(Maglev) technologies, from fundamental principles through to thestate-of-the-art, and describes applications both realised and underdevelopment. It includes a history of Maglev science and technology showing thevarious milestones in its advancement. The core concepts, operating principlesand main challenges of Maglev applications attempted across various fields areintroduced and discussed. The principle difficulties encountered when applyingMaglev technology to different systems, namely air gap control andstabilization, are addressed in detail. The book describes howmajor advancements in linear motor and magnet technologies have enabledthe development of the linear-motor-powered Maglev train, which has a highspeed advantage over conventional wheeled trains and has the potential to reachspeed levels achieved by aircraft. However, many expect that Maglevtechnology to be a green technology that is applied not only in rail transportation,but also in diverse other fields; to ensure clean transfer in LCDmanufacturing, in ropeless high speed elevators, small capacity railtransportation, space vehicle launchers, missile testers, energy storage, andso on. These potential applications and their unique challenges and proposedtechnological solutions are introduced and discussed in depth. The book will provide readers from academia, research institutes andindustry with insights on where and how to apply Maglev technology, and willserve as a guide to the realization of their Maglev applications.
Magnetic Material for Motor Drive Systems: Fusion Technology of Electromagnetic Fields (Engineering Materials)
by Keisuke FujisakiThis book focuses on how to use magnetic material usefully for electrical motor drive system, especially electrical vehicles and power electronics. The contents have been selected in such a way that engineers in other fields might find some of the ideas difficult to grasp, but they can easily acquire a general or basic understanding of related concepts if they acquire even a rudimentary understanding of the selected contents.The cutting-edge technologies of magnetism are also explained. From the fundamental theory of magnetism to material, equipment, and applications, readers can understand the underlying concepts. Therefore, a new electric vehicle from the point of view of magnetic materials or a new magnetic material from the point of a view of electric vehicles can be envisioned: that is, magnetic material for motor drive systems based on fusion technology of an electromagnetic field. Magnetic material alone does not make up an electric vehicle, of course. Other components such as mechanical structure material, semiconductors, fuel cells, and electrically conductive material are important, and they are difficult to achieve. However, magnetic material involves one of the most important key technologies, and there are high expectations for its use in the future. It will be the future standard for motor-drive system researchers and of magneticmaterial researchers as well. This book is a first step in that direction.
Magnetic Materials
by Nicola A. SpaldinMagnetic Materials is an excellent introduction to the basics of magnetism, magnetic materials and their applications in modern device technologies. Retaining the concise style of the original, this edition has been thoroughly revised to address significant developments in the field, including the improved understanding of basic magnetic phenomena, new classes of materials, and changes to device paradigms. With homework problems, solutions to selected problems and a detailed list of references, Magnetic Materials continues to be the ideal book for a one-semester course and as a self-study guide for researchers new to the field. New to this edition: , Acents Entirely new chapters on Exchange Bias Coupling, Multiferroic and Magnetoelectric Materials, Magnetic Insulators, Acents Revised throughout, with substantial updates to the chapters on Magnetic Recording and Magnetic Semiconductors, incorporating the latest advances in the field, Acents New example problems with work
Magnetic Measurement Techniques for Materials Characterization
by Victorino Franco Brad DodrillThis book discusses the most commonly used techniques for characterizing magnetic material properties and their applications. It provides a comprehensive and easily digestible collection and review of magnetic measurement techniques. It also examines the underlying operating principles and techniques of magnetic measurements, and presents current examples where such measurements and properties are relevant. Given the pervasive nature of magnetic materials in everyday life, this book is a vital resource for both professionals and students wishing to deepen their understanding of the subject.
Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond
by Denny D. Tang Chi-Feng PaiSTAY UP TO DATE ON THE STATE OF MRAM TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS WITH THIS COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond delivers a combination of foundational and advanced treatments of the subjects necessary for students and professionals to fully understand MRAM and other non-volatile memories, like PCM, and ReRAM. The authors offer readers a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of magnetism and electron spin, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the physics of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices as it relates to memory applications. This book explores MRAM's unique ability to provide memory without requiring the atoms inside the device to move when switching states. The resulting power savings and reliability are what give MRAM its extraordinary potential. The authors describe the current state of academic research in MRAM technology, which focuses on the reduction of the amount of energy needed to reorient magnetization. Among other topics, readers will benefit from the book's discussions of: An introduction to basic electromagnetism, including the fundamentals of magnetic force and other concepts An thorough description of magnetism and magnetic materials, including the classification and properties of magnetic thin film properties and their material preparation and characterization A comprehensive description of Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) devices and their equivalent electrical model Spin current and spin dynamics, including the properties of spin current, the Ordinary Hall Effect, the Anomalous Hall Effect, and the spin Hall effect Different categories of magnetic random-access memory, including field-write mode MRAM, Spin-Torque-Transfer (STT) MRAM, Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) MRAM, and others Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying electrical engineering, similar programs, or courses on topics like spintronics, Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond also belongs on the bookshelves of engineers and other professionals involved in the design, development, and manufacture of MRAM technologies.
Magnetic Microhydrodynamics: An Emerging Research Field (Topics in Applied Physics #120)
by Bernard Doudin Michael Coey Andrejs CēbersThis open access book presents the most recent advances in the novel, interdisciplinary field of magnetic microhydrodynamics. This emerging area of advanced research combines magnetism with the knowledge of bioinspired local flow control to create novel concepts and technological solutions that could revolutionize the field of microfluidics. Edited and authored by world-recognized leaders in this field, this book covers how the action of magnetic forces on soft matter can result in a richness of possible static and dynamic behavior. The contributions featured in this book introduce timely examples of novel concepts (new fluids and control), processes at interfaces (local probes, electrochemistry), and applications of magnetic soft matter in cell biology, cargo transport, and energy. This book is of great interest to scientists from various backgrounds looking to explore, learn of recent developments, and take part in laying the foundations of an entirely new and dynamic field of research.
Magnetic Microscopy of Layered Structures
by Peter Fischer Wolfgang Kuch Rudolf Schäfer Franz Ulrich HillebrechtThis book presents the important analytical technique of magnetic microscopy. This method is applied to analyze layered structures with high resolution. This book presents a number of layer-resolving magnetic imaging techniques that have evolved recently. Many exciting new developments in magnetism rely on the ability to independently control the magnetization in two or more magnetic layers in micro- or nanostructures. This in turn requires techniques with the appropriate spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity. The book begins with an introductory overview, explains then the principles of the various techniques and gives guidance to their use. Selected examples demonstrate the specific strengths of each method. Thus the book is a valuable resource for all scientists and practitioners investigating and applying magnetic layered structures.
Magnetic Monopole Noise (Springer Theses)
by Ritika DusadThis thesis presents the first ever measurement of the noise emitted by magnetic monopoles and the development of an exquisitely sensitive magnetic-field-noise spectrometer based on a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) that enabled it. Magnetic monopoles are highly elusive elementary particles exhibiting quantized magnetic charge. The prospects for studying them brightened recently with the theoretical discovery that the thermally excited states in certain classes of magnetic insulators exhibit all the characteristics of magnetic monopoles. Furthermore, in 2018, it was predicted that the random motion of magnetic monopoles inside would generate a very specific kind of magnetization noise. In this thesis, the author describes a new experimental technique, so-called spin noise spectroscopy, and the subsequent discovery of virtually all of the predicted features of the magnetic noise expected from a dense fluid of magnetic monopoles in crystals of Dy2Ti2O7. Remarkably, because this magnetic monopole noise occurs in the frequency range below 20kHz, when amplified by the SQUID it is actually audible to humans.
Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
by Abdollah Hajalilou Mahmoud Tavakoli Elahe ParviniMagnetic Nanoparticles Learn how to make and use magnetic nanoparticles in energy research, electrical engineering, and medicine In Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, a team of distinguished engineers and chemists delivers an insightful overview of magnetic materials with a focus on nano-sized particles. The book reviews the foundational concepts of magnetism before moving on to the synthesis of various magnetic nanoparticles and the functionalization of nanoparticles that enables their use in specific applications. The authors also highlight characterization techniques and the characteristics of nanostructured magnetic materials, like superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry. Advanced applications of magnetic nanoparticles in energy research, engineering, and medicine are also discussed, and explicit derivations and explanations in non-technical language help readers from diverse backgrounds understand the concepts contained within. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to magnetic materials, including the theory and fundamentals of magnetization In-depth explorations of the types and characteristics of soft and hard magnetic materials Comprehensive discussions of the synthesis of nanostructured magnetic materials, including the importance of various preparation methods Expansive treatments of the surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles, including the technical resources employed in the process Perfect for materials scientists, applied physicists, and measurement and control engineers, Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of inorganic chemists.
Magnetic Oxides
by Gerald F. DionneMagnetic Oxides offers a cohesive up-to-date introduction to magnetism in oxides. Emphasizing the physics and chemistry of local molecular interactions essential to the magnetic design of small structures and thin films, this volume provides a detailed view of the building blocks for new magnetic oxide materials already advancing research and development of nano-scale technologies. Clearly written in a well-organized structure, readers will find a detailed description of the properties of magnetic oxides through the prism of local interactions as an alternative to collective electron concepts that are more applicable to metals and semiconductors. Researchers will find Magnetic Oxides a valuable reference.
Magnetic Properties of Metals: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein III/32 Series
by Yoshiyuki Kawazoe Ryunosuke NoteThe subject of this volume is to present both the numerical and graphical data on the magnetic and electrical properties of magnetic metallic multilayers which are composed with stacking up of double layers of thin films, one layer of which is at least the magnetic layer of 3d metals (M) or rare earth ones (R). Furthermore the data of the trilayers which have a top layer and bottom one of magnetic elements are also presented.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 1: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically. In this volume, magnetic properties of Y, La, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, and Fe complexes are described. All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 2: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically. This volume describes magnetic properties of complexes of Fe, Ru, Co, and Rh. All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 3: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically. In this volume, magnetic properties of Ni, Pd, Pt, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Th, and U complexes are described. All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 4: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically. In this volume, magnetic properties of complexes of Cu are described. All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 5: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically.In this volume, magnetic properties of complexes of La, Ti, V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Au, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb are described.All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 6: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically.In this volume, magnetic properties of complexes of La, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, W, Mn, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Ho are described.All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 7: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically.In this volume, magnetic properties of complexes of ???(La, Ti, V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Au, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb)??? are described.All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 8: A Supplement to Landolt-Börnstein II/31 Series
by P. Pardasani R.T. PardasaniWith the objective to collate the enormous amount of information on magnetic susceptibility parameters of a very large number of a variety of skeletons and present it in a form that can readily be retrieved and used, a new pattern is being introduced with the present volume keeping in view that now a majority of research groups look at the scientific data electronically.In this volume, magnetic properties of complexes of ???(La, Ti, V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Au, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, Yb)??? are described.All the magnetic properties of each individual substance are listed as a single document which is self-explainable and allowing search in respect of substance name, synonyms, common vocabulary, and even structure.
Magnetic Resonance and Its Applications
by Vladimir I. Chizhik Yuri S. Chernyshev Alexey V. Donets Vyacheslav V. Frolov Andrei V. Komolkin Marina G. ShelyapinaThe book is devoted to the description of the fundamentals in the area of magnetic resonance. The book covers two domains: radiospectroscopy and quantum radioelectronics. Radiospectroscopy comprises nuclear magnetic resonance , electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear quadrupolar resonance, and some other phenomena. The radiospectroscopic methods are widely used for obtaining the information on internal (nano, micro and macro) structure of objects. Quantum radioelectronics, which was developed on the basis of radiospectroscopic methods, deals with processes in quantum amplifiers, generators and magnetometers. We do not know analogues of the book presented. The book implies a few levels of the general consideration of phenomena, that can be useful for different groups of readers (students, PhD students, scientists from other scientific branches: physics, chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, biology and medicine).
Magnetic Resonance of Semiconductors and Their Nanostructures: Basic and Advanced Applications (Springer Series in Materials Science #253)
by Pavel G. Baranov Hans Jürgen Bardeleben Fedor Jelezko Jörg WrachtrupDifferent magnetic resonance (MR) methods and their applications in solids (e. g. semiconductors and nanostructures) are the focus of this work. Techniques and combinations thereof are explained and used to analyze defects in semiconductors and nanostructures. Presented for the first time are novelties such as single defects MR as well as state-of-art high-frequency pulse methods: EPR, ODMR, ENDOR. An overview of MR methods currently used to study defects, such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) etc. is provided. Problems existing in semiconductor and nanotechnology sciences which are resolved by MR are given. The past and current state and perspectives of application of MR are provided with emphasis on advances in MR methods. Intended for researchers in MR studies of semiconductors and nanostructures wanting a comprehensive review of what has been done in their and related fields of studies as well as future perspectives.
Magnetic Resonators: Feedback with Magnetic Field and Magnetic Cavity (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by C. S. Nikhil KumarThe phase-locking of multiple spin-torque nano oscillators(STNOs) is considered the primary vehicle to achieve sufficient signal quality for applications. This book highlights the resonator's design and its need for feedback for phase locking of STNOs. STNOs can act as sources of tunable microwaves after being phase-locked together. External feedback from a coplanar waveguide placed above an STNO helps ensures coherent single domain oscillations. STNOs placed within magnonic crystal cavities also demonstrate coherent oscillations. Arrays of such cavities provide a route to scale power levels from such nano-oscillators. The book presents numerical and micromagnetics to validate the design.
Magnetic Stochasticity in Magnetically Confined Fusion Plasmas
by Sadrilla AbdullaevThis is the first book to systematically consider the modern aspects of chaotic dynamics of magnetic field lines and charged particles in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. The analytical models describing the generic features of equilibrium magnetic fields and magnetic perturbations in modern fusion devices are presented. It describes mathematical and physical aspects of onset of chaos, generic properties of the structure of stochastic magnetic fields, transport of charged particles in tokamaks induced by magnetic perturbations, new aspects of particle turbulent transport, etc. The presentation is based on the classical and new unique mathematical tools of Hamiltonian dynamics, like the action--angle formalism, classical perturbation theory, canonical transformations of variables, symplectic mappings, the Poincaré-Melnikov integrals. They are extensively used for analytical studies as well as for numerical simulations of magnetic field lines, particle dynamics, their spatial structures and statistical properties. The numerous references to articles on the latest development in the area are provided. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers who interested in the modern problems of magnetic stochasticity in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. It is also useful for physicists and mathematicians interested in new methods of Hamiltonian dynamics and their applications.