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Managing the Environment, Managing Ourselves: A History of American Environmental Policy
by Richard N. AndrewsIn the third edition of this definitive book, Richard N. L. Andrews looks back at four centuries of American environmental policy, showing how these policies affect contemporary environmental issues and public policy decisions, and identifying key policy challenges for the future. Andrews crafts a detailed and contextualized narrative of the historical development of American environmental policies and institutions. This volume presents an extensively revised text, with increased detail on the 50-year history of the modern environmental policy era and updated through the Obama and Trump administrations.
Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation
by Christopher B. Field Vicente Barros Thomas F. Stocker Qin DaheThis Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report (IPCC-SREX) explores the challenge of understanding and managing the risks of climate extremes to advance climate change adaptation. Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. Changes in the frequency and severity of the physical events affect disaster risk, but so do the spatially diverse and temporally dynamic patterns of exposure and vulnerability. Some types of extreme weather and climate events have increased in frequency or magnitude, but populations and assets at risk have also increased, with consequences for disaster risk. Opportunities for managing risks of weather- and climate-related disasters exist or can be developed at any scale, local to international. Prepared following strict IPCC procedures, SREX is an invaluable assessment for anyone interested in climate extremes, environmental disasters and adaptation to climate change, including policymakers, the private sector and academic researchers.
Managing the Transition to a Circular Economy: Action Plans in the Tourism Sector (SpringerBriefs in Business)
by Virginia Santamarina-Campos Marival Segarra-Oña Ángel Peiró-SignesThis open access book presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the current status of the circular economy in the tourism sector. This book is presented from the perspective of researchers, policymakers, and industry. Specially aimed at companies in the tourism sector, the book offers valuable information in the field of circular economy, promoting the design/redesign of processes and products. The authors emphasize promoting the development and application of new knowledge and technologies to promote innovation in processes, products, services, and business models, promoting public-private collaboration. With contributions from experts representing varied interests throughout the tourism industry, the book encourages the involvement of economic and social agents to raise awareness of current environmental, economic, and technological challenges.
Managing the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: Perspectives, Policies, and Practices from Asia
by Masahiro Kawai Venkatachalam Anbumozhi Bindu N. LohaniAsia must be at the center of the global fight against climate change. It is the world's most populous region, with high economic growth, a rising share of global greenhouse gas emissions, and the most vulnerability to climate risks. Its current resource- and emission-intensive growth pattern is not sustainable. This study recognizes low-carbon green growth as an imperative-not an option-for developing Asia.Asia has already started to move toward low-carbon green growth. Many emerging economies have started to use sustainable development to bring competitiveness to their industries and to serve growing green technology markets.The aim of this study is to share the experiences of emerging Asian economies and the lessons learned. The book assesses the low-carbon and green policies and practices taken by Asian countries, identifies gaps, and examines new opportunities for low-carbon green growth.
Managing the Transition to a Sustainable Enterprise: Lessons from Frontrunner Companies
by Mara Francken Rob van Tulder Rob van Tilburg Andrea da RosaIn combining practice and theory, this textbook provides a management perspective on the ‘business case’ for sustainability. Drawing on examples from 20 frontrunner companies located in the Netherlands, it builds upon a unique research project in which CEOs and middle-managers gave access not only to their decision-making process, but also revealed how their perceptions shaped the transition process. This book identifies four different archetypes of business cases and related business models that business students and managers can use to identify phases and related attitudes towards sustainability. The book provides in-depth analysis and insight into: • theoretical concepts and an overview of the relevant literature • the different business cases for sustainability • behavioural characteristics of each phase and the typical barriers between them • more than 70 tipping points • approaches to shaping stakeholder dialogue • effective engagement of stakeholders in each phase of transition • how companies move through the phases towards higher levels of sustainability • insights of employees of the 20 companies whether the business case was really achieved • summary of the interventions which have proved successful in these companies. This book offers students as well as managers of vocational and academic institutions at undergraduate and postgraduate level insight into real-life transition processes towards sustainability.
Managing the Unknown: Essays on Environmental Ignorance
by Frank Uekötter Uwe LübkenInformation is crucial when it comes to the management of resources. But what if knowledge is incomplete, or biased, or otherwise deficient? How did people define patterns of proper use in the absence of cognitive certainty? Discussing this challenge for a diverse set of resources from fish to rubber, these essays show that deficient knowledge is a far more pervasive challenge in resource history than conventional readings suggest. Furthermore, environmental ignorance does not inevitably shrink with the march of scientific progress: these essays suggest more of a dialectical relationship between knowledge and ignorance that has different shapes and trajectories. With its combination of empirical case studies and theoretical reflection, the essays make a significant contribution to the interdisciplinary debate on the production and resilience of ignorance. At the same time, this volume combines insights from different continents as well as the seas in between and thus sketches outlines of an emerging global resource history.
Manatees (Animals)
by Martha E. RustadManatees are huge sea mammals. These big, wrinkly creatures are strong but swim through the ocean slowly. Learn all about these amazing mammals.
Mandala Urbanism, Landscape, and Ecology: Interpreting classic Indian texts and Vaastupurusha mandala as a framework for organizing towns
by Archana SharmaClassic Indian texts and Vaastupurusha Mandala are not often discussed in the western discourse on urbanism, even while much of these predate the commonly taught European writings. This book sheds light on some of those forgotten concepts, thus making the lesser discussed classic Indian town organization ideas accessible to architecture, landscape, and urban planning students worldwide. The resonance of these concepts in present times are reviewed through case studies of select Hindu temple towns in India. Furthermore, the author underscores the formal abstraction of the classic Indian Mandala and transplants the discourse from sociology to socio-ecologically adept trans-disciplinary design thinking. The creative interpretations offer a premise to start revising classic models for current practice to influence the urbanism and ecology of a place in accordance with the changing climate.
Mangrove Dynamics and Management in North Brazil
by Horacio Schneider Ulrich Saint-PaulMangrove ecosystems are being increasingly threatened by human activities. Their biotic productivity supplies food and other resources to the human populations that inhabit or make use of them. This volume highlights the results of a ten-year German / Brazilian research project, called MADAM, in one of the largest continuous mangrove areas of the world, located in northern Brazil. Based on the analysis of the ecosystem dynamics, management strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of mangroves are presented and discussed. Beyond the scientific results, this book also provides guidelines for the development of international cooperation projects.
Mangrove Forests in India: Exploring Ecosystem Services
by Abhijit MitraThis is the first comprehensive science-based primer to highlight the unique ecosystem services provided by mangrove forests, and discuss how these services preserve the livelihoods of coastal populations. The book presents three decades of real-time data on Sundarbans and Bhitarkanika mangroves in India measuring carbon and nitrogen sequestration, as well as case studies that demonstrate the utility provided by mangroves for reducing the impact of storms and erosion, providing nutrient retention for complex habitats, and housing a vast reservoir of plant, animal and microbial biodiversity. Also addressed is the function of mangroves as natural ecosystems of cultural convergence, offering the resources and products necessary for thriving coastal communities. The book will be of interest to students, academics and researchers in the fields of oceanography, marine biology, botany, climate science, ecology and environmental geography, as well as consultants and policy makers working in coastal zone management and coastal biodiversity conservation.
Mangrove Ichnology of the Bay of Bengal Coast, Eastern India (Springer Geology)
by Chirananda DeThis book focuses on the world’s largest mangrove delta complex, located at Sundarban, a world heritage site, and on the relatively new and rapidly expanding scientific discipline of ichnology. In addition to presenting a range of ichnological research databases that are widely applicable to multidisciplinary research fields in geology, biophysics, biology, ecology, geomorphology and the marine and environmental sciences, it addresses the global concern of rising sea levels to explain growing ecological problems, from the mass mortality of coastal organisms and rapid loss of mangrove forest wealth, to widespread coastal and riverbank erosion. It also demonstrates the value of applying new ichnological tools to coastal geotechnical planning and programming, and to groundwater exploration. Thus, the book addresses a broad readership including earth scientists from various disciplines, state administrators and members of the general public.
Mangroves and Aquaculture: A Five Decade Remote Sensing Analysis of Ecuador’s Estuarine Environments (Coastal Research Library #33)
by Stuart E. HamiltonThis book uses five decades of map data, air photos, and medium to high-resolution satellite imagery to track the expansions of aquaculture and the loss of both estuarine and mangrove land covers in Ecuador. The results are staggering. In some regions, Ecuador has lost almost 50% of its estuarine space and approximately 80% of its mangrove forest. The current estuarine land cover bears no resemblance to the historic estuarine land cover. The analysis is complete from 1968 to 2014. The analysis covers all the major estuaries of mainland Ecuador. The research expands beyond purely land cover into the land use of the estuaries and the implications of the land cover transitions. The author lived in Ecuador's estuarine environments for almost two years studying this area. During this time he conducted mapping workshops with local residents, conducted 100 interviews with local actors, conducted six group discussions with fisherfolk syndicates, conducted eight presentations, worked on a shrimp farm. He was employed by the Ministry of the Environment on a Prometeo fellowship for one-year researching estuarine health and worked on mangrove replanting projects in the estuaries. In addition to the remote sensing data, the author provides a contextual framework to the analysis. It is not just hard numbers that are presented, but a remote sensing analysis tied to local actors that tell a coherent almost 50 -year estuarine story at the national, provincial, and local scales The book is intended for researchers, academics, graduate students, NGOs, and government actors including those who work in development, environment, and policy implementation. It is suitable supplemental reading for students in courses related to the coastal zone, land use change, and remote sensing. The electronically supplementary material includes all the related data to underpin the analysis as well as all the resulting GIS files.
Manifesting Democracy?: Urban Protests and the Politics of Representation in Brazil Post 2013 (Antipode Book Series)
by Maite CondeMANIFESTING DEMOCRACY? ‘This book is a must-read for those seeking to understand right-wing authoritarianism in contemporary Brazil. It connects Brazil's street protests of 2013 - a moment celebrated by progressives at the time - to the eventual rise of Jair Bolsonaro. The essays presented here highlight key insights from top scholars in the field, and offer context for understanding politics and the future of Brazilian democracy.’ —Dr Jeff Garmany, University of Melbourne Manifesting Democracy? explores the series of public protests – manifestações – that took place in a number of Brazilian cities in June and July 2013, when thousands of people took to the streets to demand improvements in urban infrastructures. This book critically examines the role these protests played in politics, the political and their relationships to urban space and culture. It also analyses their connections to the emergence of a ‘New Right’ in Brazil. Bringing together scholars from a number of different fields (geography, history, philosophy, art, political economy) and activists, this book is the first interdisciplinary English language anthology to address Brazil’s 2013 protests and the broader political and cultural questions they raise. As such, it is a major contribution to Brazilian and Latin American Studies in Europe and the USA, as well as interdisciplinary studies of social movements, urban culture and politics.
Manifesto: How a maverick entrepreneur took on British energy and won
by John Robb Dale Vince"Revealing, inspiring and funny. This book is a joy to romp through, which is good, because its final chapter is the important truth we all need to hear and understand if we are to survive this mess we've made" - Chris PackhamThis is the story of a man whose unwavering journey to save the environment has driven him all the way to the top, and a powerful manifesto for anyone who wants to change the world. Dale Vince has led a remarkable life. From ‘enemy of the state’ to ‘green energy tycoon’, he has dedicated his life to challenging conventional wisdom in pursuit of a better way to live.Dale kickstarted the now global green energy movement, helping to bring environmentalism into the mainstream. He pioneered the electric car, built the first Electric Highway to power them and runs Forest Green Rovers, the world’s first vegan football club. With a questioning mind that does not take ‘no’ for an answer, Dale has spent his whole life striving for change.In his first book, Dale explores what must be done to win the battle for Green Britain.It’s a manifesto of hope, backed up by solutions, from someone with real life experience of disrupting the energy industry and paving the way for a greener planet.This is a manifesto that is changing the world.The revised and updated version has a new chapter from Dale on why he decided to shift support from Just Stop Oil to Just Stopping The Tories, why politics is the final frontier for a greener Britain and includes important links to register to vote and to get your ID sorted for the most important election of our generation.
Manifold Learning: Model Reduction in Engineering (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by David Ryckelynck Fabien Casenave Nissrine AkkariThis Open Access book reviews recent theoretical and numerical developments in nonlinear model order reduction in continuum mechanics, being addressed to Master and PhD students, as well as to researchers, lecturers and instructors. The aim of the authors is to provide tools for a better understanding and implement reduced order models by using: physics-based models, synthetic data forecast by these models, experimental data and deep learning algorithms. The book involves a survey of key methods of model order reduction applied to model-based engineering and digital twining, by learning linear or nonlinear latent spaces.Projection-based reduced order models are the projection of mechanical equations on a latent space that have been learnt from both synthetic data and experimental data. Various descriptions and representations of structured data for model reduction are presented in the applications and survey chapters. Image-based digital twins are developed in a reduced setting. Reduced order models of as-manufactured components predict the mechanical effects of shape variations. A similar workflow is extended to multiphysics or coupled problems, with high dimensional input fields. Practical techniques are proposed for data augmentation and also for hyper-reduction, which is a key point to speed up projection-based model order reduction of finite element models.The book gives access to python libraries available on gitlab.com, which have been developed as part of the research program [FUI-25] MORDICUS funded by the French government. Similarly to deep learning for computer vision, deep learning for model order reduction circumvents the need to design parametric problems prior reducing models. Such an approach is highly relevant for image-base modelling or multiphysics modelling.
Manifolds, Tensors, and Forms
by Paul RentelnProviding a succinct yet comprehensive treatment of the essentials of modern differential geometry and topology, this book's clear prose and informal style make it accessible to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics and the physical sciences. The text covers the basics of multilinear algebra, differentiation and integration on manifolds, Lie groups and Lie algebras, homotopy and de Rham cohomology, homology, vector bundles, Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, and degree theory. It also features over 250 detailed exercises, and a variety of applications revealing fundamental connections to classical mechanics, electromagnetism (including circuit theory), general relativity and gauge theory. Solutions to the problems are available for instructors at www. cambridge. org/9781107042193.
Mankind and Deserts 1: Deserts, Aridity, Exploration and Conquests
by Guilhem Bourrié Fernand JolyThe wild beauty of deserts has always been a source of fascination the world over. Mankind and Deserts 1 – the first of three volumes – describes their location and geographic variety. There are both hot and cold deserts, those at high altitude or those at sea level, differing in climate but sharing the scarcity of water, extreme temperatures and often violent winds. According to paleoclimate evidence, however, deserts have not always been as arid as they are today. Deserts were a source of inspiration for many spiritual leaders, among them, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad; as well as conquerors, from Alexander the Great to Genghis Khan. Some avoided these deserts, or crossed them as fast as they could. Others adapted to them and developed vibrant civilizations and cities. From ancient, almost mythical, exploration to modern scientific studies, deserts have come to be better known yet still hold great appeal. This book traces the history of their knowledge while providing a basis for understanding their features and the tools needed for their protection, in an ever-changing world.
Mankind and Deserts 2: Water and Salts
by Guilhem Bourrié Fernand JolyThe wild beauty of deserts has always been a source of fascination the world over. Mankind and Deserts 2 – the second of three volumes – focuses on water, its absence or indeed its extreme scarcity, as well as on the ways in which salts come to be formed in areas such as these. Aridity of the climate does not exclude rainfall, after which deserts flourish; wet mists, dew, exceptional events separated by years of total drought. Water flows into temporary and disorganized networks but, occasionally, large rivers cross the deserts, giving rise to vibrant civilizations: the Nile, Tigris and Euphrates, Niger, to name a few. Temporary or permanent lakes collect water in basins without outlet to the ocean, referred to as endorrheic basins, such as Lake Chad. This results in salt accumulation and evaporitic formations. A large variety of salts crystallize, in addition to halite, among which is potash. Halite – common salt – is an essential resource and its trade leads to the creation of salt caravans, used to exchange it with gold, even on a 1-1 weight basis, generating subsequent wealth. From ancient, almost mythical, exploration to modern scientific studies, deserts have come to be better known yet still hold great appeal. This book traces the history of their knowledge while providing a basis for understanding their features and the tools needed for their protection, in an ever-changing world.
Mankind and Deserts 3: Wind in Deserts and Civilizations
by Guilhem Bourrié Fernand JolyThe wild beauty of deserts has always been a source of fascination the world over. Mankind and Deserts 3 – the third and final volume – focuses on wind, frequently present in all deserts, either hot or cold. Wind plays a major role in aridity and landscapes bear numerous forms due to its action, erosion, transportation and surface formations, some discreet and others spectacular, such as vast expanses of towering yardangs. Aeolian dynamics lead to dune formation, simple or associated with sand ridges or ergs, as in the Sahara. Mankind has attempted, to varying degrees of success, to cope with sand accumulation; ignoring aeolian dynamics has led many development projects to failure. This is developed by Yann Callot, a Professor at Lyon University who studied aeolian dynamics in the Sahara. Traditional societies have adapted to live in deserts, establishing vibrant civilizations with original ways of living, managing water resources and creating routes for trade, especially for salt. In a changing environment, useful lessons can be drawn from the genius of mankind's adaptation to such diverse and fragile environments. This is explained by Marc Côte, who was a Professor at Constantine (Algeria) and Aix-en-Provence Universities. From ancient, almost mythical, exploration to modern scientific studies, deserts have come to be better known yet still hold great appeal. This book traces the history of their knowledge while providing a basis for understanding their features and the tools needed for their protection, in an ever-changing world.
Mannahatta: A Natural History of New York City
by Eric W. SandersonWhat did New York look like four centuries ago? An extraordinary reconstruction of a wild island from the forests of Times Square to the wetlands downtown. Named a Best Book of the Year by Library Journal, New York Magazine, and San Francisco Chronicle On September 12, 1609, Henry Hudson first set foot on the land that would become Manhattan. Today, it&’s difficult to imagine what he saw, but for more than a decade, landscape ecologist Eric Sanderson has been working to do just that. Mannahatta: A Natural History of New York City is the astounding result of those efforts, reconstructing in words and images the wild island that millions now call home. By geographically matching an eighteenth-century map with one of the modern city, examining volumes of historic documents, and collecting and analyzing scientific data, Sanderson re-creates topography, flora, and fauna from a time when actual wolves prowled far beyond Wall Street and the degree of biological diversity rivaled that of our most famous national parks. His lively text guides you through this abundant landscape—while breathtaking illustrations transport you back in time. Mannahatta is a groundbreaking work that provides not only a window into the past, but also inspiration for the future. &“[A] wise and beautiful book, sure to enthrall anyone interested in NYC history.&” —Publishers Weekly (starred review) &“A cartographical detective tale . . . The fact-intense charts, maps and tables offered in abundance here are fascinating.&” —The New York Times &“[An] exuberantly written and beautifully illustrated exploration of pre-European Gotham.&” —San Francisco Chronicle &“You don&’t have to be a New Yorker to be enthralled.&” —Library Journal
Manomin: Caring for Ecosystems and Each Other
by Brittany Luby Jane Mariotti Samantha Mehltretter Andrea Bradford Niisaachewan Anishinaabe Nation Dani KasteleinReclaiming crops and culture on Turtle Island Manomin, more commonly known by its English misnomer “wild rice,” is the only cereal grain native to Turtle Island (North America). Long central to Indigenous societies and diets, this complex carbohydrate is seen by the Anishinaabeg as a gift from Creator, a “spirit berry” that has allowed the Nation to flourish for generations. Manomin: Caring for Ecosystems and Each Other offers a community-engaged analysis of the under-studied grain, weaving together the voices of scholars, chefs, harvesters, engineers, poets, and artists to share the plant’s many lessons about the living relationships between all forms of creation. Grounded in Indigenous methodologies and rendered in full colour, Manomin reveals and examines our interconnectedness through a variety of disciplines—history, food studies, ethnobotany, ecology—and forms of expression, including recipes, stories, and photos. A powerful contribution to conversations on Indigenous food security and food sovereignty, the collection explores historic uses of Manomin, contemporary challenges to Indigenous aquaculture, and future possibilities for restoring the sacred crop as a staple. In our time of ecological crisis, Manomin teaches us how to live well in the world, sustaining our relations with each other, our food, and our waterways.
Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions (Geophysical Monograph Series)
by Hauke Marquardt Maxim Ballmer Sanne Cottaar Jasper KonterA multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Mantle Convection for Geologists
by Geoffrey F. DaviesMantle convection is the fundamental agent driving many of the geological features observed at the Earth's surface, including plate tectonics and plume volcanism. Yet many Earth scientists have an incomplete understanding of the process. This book describes the physics and fluid dynamics of mantle convection, explaining what it is, how it works, and how to quantify it in simple terms. It assumes no specialist background: mechanisms are explained simply and the required basic physics is fully reviewed and explained with minimal mathematics. The distinctive forms that convection takes in the Earth's mantle are described within the context of tectonic plates and mantle plumes, and implications are explored for geochemistry and tectonic evolution. Common misconceptions and controversies are addressed - providing a straightforward but rigorous explanation of this key process for students and researchers across a variety of geoscience disciplines.
Mantle Plumes
by Yu P. OrovetskiiSeveral aspects of interpretation of geophysical data applied to the study of tectonics, geodynamics, metamorphism and magmatism are discussed. Deep-level geophysical data has revealed a new class of physical inhomogeneities in the lithosphere of various regions of diverse ages around the world.
Mantle Plumes and Their Effects
by Michal Nemčok Mainak ChoudhuriThis book presents a brief synopsis of the current academic understanding of the plume hypothesis, its surface manifestations and its shortcomings. It also describes methods for estimating the uplift history of a region due to plume activity. It discusses different models for the elastic properties of the lithosphere and their estimation as a background for plume emplacement, and introduces the plume hypothesis, describing the major plume types and their effect on the lithosphere. Two chapters are dedicated to the dynamic and permanent topography produced by an impinging plume head below the lithosphere and its estimation. It also presents the historical background of the plume hypothesis, its criticisms and alternatives.