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Order Stars: Theory and Applications
by A. Iserles S.P. NorsettThis book familiarizes the mathematical community with an analytic tool that is capable of so many applications and presents a list of open problems which might be amenable to analysis with order stars.
Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria: Experimental Exploration of Active Matter Physics (Springer Theses)
by Daiki NishiguchiThis thesis focuses on experimental studies on collective motion using swimming bacteria as model active-matter systems. It offers comprehensive reviews of state-of-the-art theories and experiments on collective motion from the viewpoint of nonequilibrium statistical physics. The author presents his experimental studies on two major classes of collective motion that had been well studied theoretically. Firstly, swimming filamentous bacteria in a thin fluid layer are shown to exhibit true, long-range orientational order and anomalously strong giant density fluctuations, which are considered universal and landmark signatures of collective motion by many numerical and theoretical works but have never been observed in real systems. Secondly, chaotic bacterial turbulence in a three-dimensional dense suspension without any long-range order as described in the first half is demonstrated to be capable of achieving antiferromagnetic vortex order by imposing a small number of constraints with appropriate periodicity. The experimental results presented significantly advance our fundamental understanding of order and fluctuations in collective motion of motile elements and their future applications.
Ordinary Cities: Between Modernity and Development (Questioning Cities)
by Jennifer RobinsonWith the urbanization of the world's population proceeding apace and the equally rapid urbanization of poverty, urban theory has an urgent challenge to meet if it is to remain relevant to the majority of cities and their populations, many of which are outside the West. This groundbreaking book establishes a new framework for urban development. It makes the argument that all cities are best understood as ‘ordinary’, and crosses the longstanding divide in urban scholarship and urban policy between Western and other cities (especially those labelled ‘Third World’). It considers the two framing axes of urban modernity and development, and argues that if cities are to be imagined in equitable and creative ways, urban theory must overcome these axes with their Western bias and that resources must become at least as cosmopolitan as cities themselves. Tracking paths across previously separate literatures and debates, this innovative book - a postcolonial critique of urban studies - traces the outlines of a cosmopolitan approach to cities, drawing on evidence from Rio, Johannesburg, Lusaka and Kuala Lumpur. Key urban scholars and debates, from Simmel, Benjamin and the Chicago School to Global and World Cities theories are explored, together with anthropological and developmentalist accounts of poorer cities. Offering an alternative approach, Ordinary Cities skilfully brings together theories of urban development for students and researchers of urban studies, geography and development.
Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications (Texts in Applied Mathematics #34)
by Carmen ChiconeThis book, developed during 20 years of the author teaching differential equations courses at his home university, is designed to serve as a text for a graduate level course focused on the central theory of the subject with attention paid to applications and connections to other advanced topics in mathematics. Core theory includes local existence and uniqueness, the phase plane, Poincaré-Bendixson theory, Lyapunov and linearized stability, linear systems, Floquet theory, the Grobman–Hartman theorem, persistence of rest points and periodic orbits, the stable and center manifold theorems, and bifurcation theory. This edition includes expanded treatment of deterministic chaos, perturbation theory for periodic solutions, boundary value problems, optimization, and a wide range of their applications. In addition, it contains a formulation and new proof of a theorem on instability of rest points in the presence of an eigenvalue with positive real part, and new proofs of differential inequalities and Lyapunov’s center theorem. New sections present discussions of global bifurcation, the Crandall–Rabinowitz theorem, and Alekseev’s formula. Of particular note is a new chapter on basic control theory, a discussion of optimal control, and a proof of a useful special case of the maximum principle. A key feature of earlier editions, a wide selection of original exercises, is respected in this edition with the inclusion of a wealth of new exercises. Reviews of the first edition:“As an applied mathematics text on linear and nonlinear equations, the book by Chicone is written with stimulating enthusiasm. It will certainly appeal to many students and researchers.”—F. Verhulst, SIAM Review “The author writes lucidly and in an engaging conversational style. His book is wide-ranging in its subject matter, thorough in its presentation, and written at a generally high level of generality, detail, and rigor.”—D. S. Shafer, Mathematical Reviews
Ore Deposit Geology
by John RidleyMapping closely to how ore deposit geology is now taught, this textbook systematically describes and illustrates the major ore deposit types, linking this to their settings in the crust, and the geological factors behind their formation. Written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a basic background in the geosciences, it provides a balance of practical information and coverage of the relevant geological sciences, including petrological, geochemical, hydrological and tectonic processes. Important theory is summarized without unnecessary detail and integrated with students' learning in other topics, including magmatic processes and sedimentary geology, enabling students to make links across the geosciences. Students are supported by further reading, a comprehensive glossary, and problems and review questions that test the application of theoretical approaches and encourage students to use what they have learnt. A website includes visual resources and combines with the book to provide students and instructors with a complete learning package.
Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation (Geophysical Monograph Series #242)
by Laurence Robb Sophie DecreeThe latest knowledge on mineral ore genesis and the exploration of ore deposits Global demand for metals has risen considerably over the past decade. Geologists are developing new approaches for studying ore deposits and discovering new sources. Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a compilation of diverse case studies on new prospects in ore deposit geology including atypical examples of mineral deposits and new methods for ore exploration. Volume highlights include: Presentation of the latest research on a range of ore deposit types Application of ore deposits to multiple areas of geology and geophysical exploration Emphasis on diverse methods and tools for the study of ore deposits Useful case studies for geologists in both academia and industry Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a valuable resource for economic geologists, mineralogists, petrologists, geochemists, mining engineers, research professionals, and advanced students in relevant areas of academic study.
Ore Geology and Industrial Minerals: An Introduction (Geoscience Texts)
by Anthony M. EvansMuch new data and many new ideas have emerged in the area of ore geology and industrial minerals since publication of the second edition of this text in 1987. The overriding philosophy behind this new edition is the inclusion and integration of this new material within the established framework of the text. The third edition is re-presented in the modern double-column format. Non-metallic deposits of industrial and bulk materials are fully covered to meet the changing emphasis of courses in applied geology. In addition, chapter 1 has been considerably enlarged to include a section on mineral economics covering metals, industrial minerals and bulk materials. In this section, the various aspects of economic exploitation of industrial and bulk materials are compared with those of metallic deposits. Other major revisions and additions include a section on fluid inclusions, expansion of the section on wall rock alteration, expansion of the material on isotope studies, and the inclusion of a section on hydraulic fracturing and seismic pumping.
Oregon and Washington's Roadside Ecology: 33 Easy Walks Through the Region's Amazing Natural Areas
by Roddy ScheerDiscover natural history secrets hiding in plain sight Have you ever seen a raging river disappear completely into a lava tube? Petrified subtropical plants in the middle of a high desert? Do you know how a 10,000-year-old argillite boulder can wind up 800 miles away from any similar rocks? In this insightful guide, environmental journalist and photographer Roddy Scheer reveals the hidden stories of the Pacific Northwest&’s unique ecosystems and teaches you how to &“read a landscape,&” as you explore 33 spectacular natural areas. All hikes are within easy walking distance of the road, less than two miles long, and include clues to deciphering the terrain—making Oregon and Washington&’s Roadside Ecology a must-have guide to some of the area&’s most spectacular and unusual natural sights.
Ores to Metals
by James FellThis comprehensive treatment of the smelting industry of Colorado, originally published in 1979, is now back in print with a new preface by the author. Packed with fascinating statistics and mining data, Ores to Metals details the people, technologies, and business decisions that have shaped the smelting industry in the Rockies. Although mining holds more of the glamour for those in and interested in the minerals industry, smelters have continuously played a critical role in the industry's evolution since their introduction in Colorado in the 1860s. At that time, miners desperately needed new technology to recover gold and silver from ores resistant to milling. Beginning as small independent enterprises, progressing to larger integrated firms working in urban centers, and finally following a trend toward mergers, the entire industry was absorbed into one large holding company - the American Smelting and Refining Company. Over time, fortunes were won and lost, business success was converted to political success, and advances were made in science and metallurgy. Drawing on archival material, Fell expertly presents the triumphs and troubles of the entrepreneurs who built one of the great industries of the West.
Ores to Metals: The Rocky Mountain Smelting Industry (Timberline Books)
by James E. Fell, Jr.This comprehensive treatment of the smelting industry of Colorado, originally published in 1979, is now back in print with a new preface by the author. Packed with fascinating statistics and mining data, Ores to Metals details the people, technologies, and business decisions that have shaped the smelting industry in the Rockies. Although mining holds more of the glamour for those in and interested in the minerals industry, smelters have continuously played a critical role in the industry’s evolution since their introduction in Colorado in the 1860s. At that time, miners desperately needed new technology to recover gold and silver from ores resistant to milling. Beginning as small independent enterprises, progressing to larger integrated firms working in urban centers, and finally following a trend toward mergers, the entire industry was absorbed into one large holding company—the American Smelting and Refining Company. Over time, fortunes were won and lost, business success was converted to political success, and advances were made in science and metallurgy. Drawing on archival material, Fell expertly presents the triumphs and troubles of the entrepreneurs who built one of the great industries of the West.
Organic Agriculture and Climate Change
by Klaus Lorenz Rattan LalThis book will collate, review and synthesize information on how Organic Agriculture (OA) practices affect and are affected by climate change, in comparison to the more widely used conventional agricultural practices. Pros and cons of OA practices will be discussed separately for croplands, pasture lands, mixed livestock cropping systems, vegetable fields, fruit and tree orchards, and vineyards. The book concludes with an overview on how conventional and OA practices can be prudently and discriminately combined to identify and adopt climate-resilient agro-ecosystems under site-specific conditions.
Organic Dusts Exposure, Effects, and Prevention
by Ragnar Rylander Robert R. JacobsOrganic dusts are particles of vegetable, animal, and microbial origin and are found in a wide range of occupational and general environments. This comprehensive handbook discusses organic dusts and their effects on man. Organic Dusts describes the different environments in which organic dusts are present; it also explains the major components of dusts and which diseases they can induce after inhalation. The first book to completely cover this important environmental exposure, this valuable reference presents a systematic approach to disease pathology and offers revised terminology for diagnosis based on the latest information on cell reactions and the functioning of the immune system.
Organic Farming, Pest Control and Remediation of Soil Pollutants
by Eric LichtfouseSustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. Sustainable agriculture is a discipline that addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control, and biodiversity depletion. Novel, environmentally-friendly solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from sciences as diverse as agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, and social sciences. Indeed, sustainable agriculture decipher mechanisms of processes that occur from the molecular level to the farming system to the global level at time scales ranging from seconds to centuries. For that, scientists use the system approach that involves studying components and interactions of a whole system to address scientific, economic and social issues. In that respect, sustainable agriculture is not a classical, narrow science. Instead of solving problems using the classical painkiller approach that treats only negative impacts, sustainable agriculture treats problem sources. Because most actual society issues are now intertwined, global, and fast-developing, sustainable agriculture will bring solutions to build a safer world. This book series gathers review articles that analyze current agricultural issues and knowledge, then propose alternative solutions. It will therefore help all scientists, decision-makers, professors, farmers and politicians who wish to build a safe agriculture, energy and food system for future generations.
Organic Farming: New Advances Towards Sustainable Agricultural Systems
by Sabu Thomas C. Sarath Chandran M. R. UnniThis volume provides an overview of the fundamental concepts and recent advancements in organic farming, a form of agriculture that is increasing rapidly in popularity. Readers will discover information on the history of organic farming, environmental friendly practices and challenges, and innovations in the field.The chapter authors analyze pertinent aspects of this integrated farming system including strategies to improve seed quality, methods to improve soil fertility, and the advantages of using organic fertilizers. Particular attention is also given to weed management practices, bioenergy production and insights into the ways organic farming can adapt to global climate change and build sustainable food systems for future generations. Scientists, decision-makers, professors, and farmers who wish to work towards making agricultural systems more sustainable will find this book appealing.
Organic Finance: Building a New Sustainable and Inclusive Framework from the Ground Up
by Atul K. ShahModern finance science is profoundly broken and damaging, morally and culturally. It has no choice but to change its theory and pedagogy – but the question is how and in what ways? We urgently need to see the world from a very different, kinder, gentler and more caring paradigm. In truth, the planet is bio-diverse, and so is society, with a huge tapestry of faiths, customs, beliefs and practices in finance. A holistic approach is urgently needed. This book builds a new un-anthropocentric moral and sustainable finance from the ground up, helping students, professionals and scientists to reconstruct the knowledge and connect it to indigenous beliefs and timeless wisdom. An interdisciplinary, nontechnical approach is adopted. Respect for all living beings, the protection of forests, soil and soul, and the importance of trust, culture and relationships are critical to building harmonious communities. Examples and techniques to re-engineer finance science are offered throughout the book.
Organic Futures: Struggling for Sustainability on the Small Farm
by Brian Gareau Connor J. FitzmauriceAn exploration of the lived experience of small-scale organic farmers in New England that unpacks how they balance their ideals with economic realities In recent years, the popularity of organically grown produce has exploded. In 2014, organic fruits and vegetables accounted for 12% of all produce sales in the United States, with $39 billion in consumer sales reported for 2015. As a federally recognized niche market within the agricultural mainstream, organic farming is increasingly on display in American grocery stores. Yet the organic food most Americans consume today is produced by an industrial food system at odds with the practices and ideals of small-scale farmers. Taking an ethnographic approach, the fieldwork by Connor Fitzmaurice and Brian Gareau at a small New England organic farm sheds light on how farmers navigate the difficult terrain between practices of sustainability and the economic realities of contemporary agriculture. Drawing on extensive research, Fitzmaurice and Gareau examine the historical context, complexities, and viability of nonconventional organic farming practices: practices that seek to balance ecology and community with the business of agriculture.
Organic Manifesto: How Organic Food Can Heal Our Planet, Feed the World, and Keep Us Safe
by Maria RodaleRodale was founded on the belief that organic gardening is the key to better health both for us and for the planet, and never has this message been more urgent. Now, with Organic Manifesto, Maria Rodale, chairman of Rodale, sheds new light on the state of 21st century farming. She examines the unholy alliances that have formed between the chemical companies that produce fertilizer and genetically altered seeds, the agricultural educational system that is virtually subsidized by those same companies, and the government agencies in thrall to powerful lobbyists, all of which perpetuate dangerous farming practices and deliberate misconceptions about organic farming and foods. Interviews with government officials, doctors, scientists, and farmers from coast to coast bolster her position that chemical-free farming may be the single most effective tool we have to protect our environment and, even more important, our health.
Organic Materials for Sustainable Civil Engineering
by Yves MoutonThis book provides an inventory of organic materials and products, the major components of all civil engineering projects, in terms of their scientific and technical background, including the regulations that cover their use and their predicted useful life. Such materials include: bitumen on the roads; geotextiles for retaining walls; membranes for bridges; tunnel and reservoir waterproofing; paint binders to protect metallic and concrete structures or to realize road markings; injection resins; gluing products; concrete admixtures; and composite materials.The presentation is based on a physicochemical approach, which is essential if these products are to be considered as part of sustainable development: as such, those studying or working in these fields will find this an invaluable source of information.
Organic Micropollutants in Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments
by Pardeep Singh Rishikesh Singh Rahul Bhadouria Sachchidanand Tripathi Harminder Pal SinghThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the origins, occurrences, and remediation strategies for organic micropollutants in the environment. Divided into five parts, the book starts with a perspective on the sources and prevalence of organic micropollutants in our world, including aquatic ecosystems and urban soils, followed by an examination of the effects of these contaminants on health, agriculture, and the environment. In the third and fourth parts of the book, readers will learn more about the analysis and detection of organic micropollutants, and treatment and remediation strategies, respectively. The book closes with an overview of policies and regulatory measures, and critiques the fate of organic micropollutants in the aquatic environment. In this book, particular attention is given to topics such as: the intricate relationship between micropollutants, the environment, and human healthsustainable management, treatment methodsand remediation for micropollutants in wastewater, urban water systems, freshwaters, urban soils, and agricultureecotoxicity analysis and innovative bioremediation approachesReaders will also find a valuable discussion of the current contamination status of aquatic ecosystems by pharmaceutical and personal care micropollutants, the latest methodologies for analysing organic micropollutants, and a case study on the biodegradation pathways of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Given its breadth, this book is a useful resource for scientists, researchers, policymakers, and anyone concerned about the ecological and human health impacts of organic micropollutants.
Organic Modification of Natural Clay Minerals and Its Adsorption on Anionic PPCPs (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Ken SunThis book mainly investigates the adsorption of anionic diclofenac sodium on natural clay minerals, the adsorption of anionic chloramphenicol on natural clay minerals and the behavior of surface and interface modification or adsorption on clay minerals. It has significant guidance for learning the transfer and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the soil. It develops an efficient, low-cost adsorbent material and provides theoretical basis and valuable reference for the effective prevention of groundwater contamination of PPCPs in the field of environmental engineering.
Organic, Inc.: Natural Foods and How They Grew
by Samuel FromartzWho would have thought that a natural food supermarket could have been a financial refuge from the dot-com bust? But it had. Sales of organic food had shot up about 20 percent per year since 1990, reaching $11 billion by 2003 . . . Whole Foods managed to sidestep that fray by focusing on, well, people like me. Organic food has become a juggernaut in an otherwise sluggish food industry, growing at 20 percent a year as products like organic ketchup and corn chips vie for shelf space with conventional comestibles. But what is organic food? Is it really better for you? Where did it come from, and why are so many of us buying it? Business writer Samuel Fromartz set out to get the story behind this surprising success after he noticed that his own food choices were changing with the times. In Organic, Inc., Fromartz traces organic food back to its anti-industrial origins more than a century ago. Then he follows it forward again, casting a spotlight on the innovators who created an alternative way of producing food that took root and grew beyond their wildest expectations. In the process he captures how the industry came to risk betraying the very ideals that drove its success in a classically complex case of free-market triumph.
Organising Post-Disaster Reconstruction Processes: Housing Reconstruction after the Bam Earthquake (The Urban Book Series)
by Fatemeh Farnaz ArefianThrough a synthesis of a broader inter-disciplinary literature in the field of disaster studies, organisation theory and management, and an in-depth case study this book provides an analytical framework for organising post-disaster reconstruction programmes which aim to reduce future disaster risks and achieve other objectives. It explores the role of organisational design and management on approaching and achieving the objectives of the reconstruction programme in Iran after the 2003 Bam earthquake. The housing reconstruction programme in Bam was a complex case, offering various learning opportunities to understand organising reconstruction processes especially in urban areas. The case study research explores how the urban housing reconstruction programme system was formed purposefully towards the delivery of the stated objectives and created an innovative housing process throughout the urban area. It identifies consistencies and inconsistencies among the influential organisational attributes of the programme delivery system formation. The system evolved through corrective adjustments (either formally or informally) during its implementation to reflect unfolding consequences of inconsistencies in initial formation and emerging contextual issues in the field.
Organisms Amplify Diversity: An Autocatalytic Hypothesis
by David SeaborgThis book presents a hypothesis and evidence that organisms promote and ecosystems maximize biodiversity. All species have a net positive effect on their environment, other species, and diversity. The sun is 30% hotter than when life began, but the temperature has been kept moderate by life. Life created high oxygen, the ozone layer, and fertile soil, a diverse, living system. No species evolves in isolation, and most evolution is coevolution. The nature and number of links between species are as important as species number. Eukaryotes coevolve with complex ecosystems of microbes with which they exchange genes. Genomes and intraspecific interactions both act to promote evolution and diversification. Viruses increase diversity of their hosts and cause macroevolutionary transitions. Key Features Life alters the Earth in ways that increase biodiversity All species make their environment better for other species and promote diversity Life created the life-friendly atmosphere, temperature, and soil of today
Organizational Behavior: Bridging Science and Practice
by Talya Bauer Berrin ErdoganBy expertly weaving together the equally important strands of management theory and practice, Organizational Behavior: Bridging Science and Practice provides students with the key vocabulary, conceptual frameworks, and critical thinking skills necessary to diagnose work-based interactions, ask pertinent questions, evaluate gathered data, and act in an effective and ethical manner regardless of situational characteristics. Version 3.0 is aligned with Lead: The Simulation, an online learning experience.
Organizational Change for Corporate Sustainability
by Andrew Griffiths Suzanne Benn Dexter DunphySince this classic book was first published in 2003, sustainability has increasingly become mainstream business for leading corporations, whilst the topic itself has also been a hotly debated political issue across the globe. The sustainability phase models originally discussed in the book have become more relevant with ever more examples of organizations at later stages in the development of corporate sustainability. Bringing together global issues of ecological sustainability, strategic human resource management, organizational change, corporate social responsibility, leadership and community renewal, this new edition of the book further develops its unified approach to corporate sustainability and its plan of action to bring about corporate change. It integrates new research and brings illustrative case studies up to date to reflect how new approaches affect change and leadership. For the first time, a new positive model of a future sustainable world is included - strengthened by references to the global financial crisis, burgeoning world population numbers and the rise of China. With new case studies including BP's Gulf oil spill and Tokyo Electric Company's nuclear reactor disaster, this new edition will again be core reading for students and researchers of sustainability and business, organizational change and corporate social responsibility.