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Tensor-Valued Random Fields for Continuum Physics (Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics)
by Anatoliy Malyarenko Martin Ostoja-StarzewskiMany areas of continuum physics pose a challenge to physicists. What are the most general, admissible statistically homogeneous and isotropic tensor-valued random fields (TRFs)? Previously, only the TRFs of rank 0 were completely described. This book assembles a complete description of such fields in terms of one- and two-point correlation functions for tensors of ranks 1 through 4. Working from the standpoint of invariance of physical laws with respect to the choice of a coordinate system, spatial domain representations, as well as their wavenumber domain counterparts are rigorously given in full detail. The book also discusses, an introduction to a range of continuum theories requiring TRFs, an introduction to mathematical theories necessary for the description of homogeneous and isotropic TRFs, and a range of applications including a strategy for simulation of TRFs, ergodic TRFs, scaling laws of stochastic constitutive responses, and applications to stochastic partial differential equations. It is invaluable for mathematicians looking to solve problems of continuum physics, and for physicists aiming to enrich their knowledge of the relevant mathematical tools.
Tensors for Physics
by Siegfried HessThis book presents the science of tensors in a didactic way. The various types and ranks of tensors and the physical basis is presented. Cartesian Tensors are needed for the description of directional phenomena in many branches of physics and for the characterization the anisotropy of material properties. The first sections of the book provide an introduction to the vector and tensor algebra and analysis, with applications to physics, at undergraduate level. Second rank tensors, in particular their symmetries, are discussed in detail. Differentiation and integration of fields, including generalizations of the Stokes law and the Gauss theorem, are treated. The physics relevant for the applications in mechanics, quantum mechanics, electrodynamics and hydrodynamics is presented. The second part of the book is devoted to tensors of any rank, at graduate level. Special topics are irreducible, i. e. symmetric traceless tensors, isotropic tensors, multipole potential tensors, spin tensors, integration and spin-trace formulas, coupling of irreducible tensors, rotation of tensors. Constitutive laws for optical, elastic and viscous properties of anisotropic media are dealt with. The anisotropic media include crystals, liquid crystals and isotropic fluids, rendered anisotropic by external orienting fields. The dynamics of tensors deals with phenomena of current research. In the last section, the 3D Maxwell equations are reformulated in their 4D version, in accord with special relativity.
Teoria della Probabilità: Variabili aleatorie e distribuzioni (UNITEXT #123)
by Andrea PascucciIl libro fornisce un'introduzione concisa ma rigorosa alla Teoria della Probabilità. Fra i possibili approcci alla materia si è scelto quello più moderno, basato sulla teoria della misura: pur richiedendo un grado di astrazione e sofisticazione matematica maggiore, esso è indispensabile a fornire le basi per lo studio di argomenti più avanzati come i processi stocastici, il calcolo differenziale stocastico e l'inferenza statistica. Nato dall'esperienza di insegnamento del corso di Probabilità e Statistica Matematica presso la Laurea Triennale in Matematica dell'Università di Bologna, il testo raccoglie materiale per un insegnamento semestrale in corsi di studio scientifici (Matematica, Fisica, Ingegneria, Statistica...), assumendo come prerequisito il calcolo differenziale e integrale di funzioni di più variabili. I quattro capitoli del libro trattano i seguenti argomenti: misure e spazi di probabilità; variabili aleatorie; successioni di variabili aleatorie e teoremi limite; attesa e distribuzione condizionata. Il testo include una raccolta di esercizi risolti.
Terahertz Antenna Technology for Space Applications (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Balamati Choudhury Aniruddha R. Sonde Rakesh Mohan JhaThis book explores the terahertz antenna technology towards implementation of compact, consistent and cheap terahertz sources, as well as the high sensitivity terahertz detectors. The terahertz EM band provides a transition between the electronic and the photonic regions thus adopting important characteristics from these regimes. These characteristics, along with the progress in semiconductor technology, have enabled researchers to exploit hitherto unexplored domains including satellite communication, bio-medical imaging, and security systems. The advances in new materials and nanostructures such as graphene will be helpful in miniaturization of antenna technology while simultaneously maintaining the desired output levels. Terahertz antenna characterization of bandwidth, impedance, polarization, etc. has not yet been methodically structured and it continues to be a major research challenge. This book addresses these issues besides including the advances of terahertz technology in space applications worldwide, along with possibilities of using this technology in deep space networks.
Termofluidodinamica dei deflussi turbolenti: Fondamenti e modellazione
by Michele CiofaloIl testo fornisce i fondamenti teorici della turbolenza e una panoramica completa dei modelli di turbolenza, dai più semplici ai più avanzati, tra cui la simulazione diretta e la simulazione Large Eddy. Si concentra principalmente sui problemi di modellazione e calcolo e fornisce informazioni sulla teoria dei sistemi dinamici e sulle loro biforcazioni. Esamina anche aspetti della turbolenza che non sono trattati nella maggior parte dei libri esistenti su questo argomento, come la turbolenza in convezione libera e mista, la turbolenza transitoria e la transizione alla turbolenza. Il libro adotta la notazione tensoriale, che è la più appropriata per trattare quantità intrinsecamente tensoriali come le sollecitazioni e i tassi di deformazione, e per coloro che non hanno familiarità con essa viene fornita un'appendice sull'algebra tensoriale e sulla notazione tensoriale.
Terms for Endearment: Business, NGOs and Sustainable Development
by Jem BendellBusiness and NGOs are seen by many to be locked in a perpetual war of values and ideologies. What this book demonstrates is that the war has moved on. Many companies are now engaging with their stakeholders – even those with which they have traditionally had antagonistic relationships – as part of their strategies for improved social and environmental performance. With contributions from an outstanding and diverse group of experts from business, consultancy, research institutes, NGOs and academia, Terms for Endearment investigates the how and why of these new collaborations and provides concrete examples of business working with stakeholder pressure for sustainable development. The book forcibly argues the notion of organizations of civil society setting the standards for business behaviour in the 21st century. For those companies that choose not to pursue high standards of social and environmental performance, confrontation with NGOs must be expected, with negative consequences for sales, costs and social capital, i.e. the bottom line. Terms for Endearment therefore presents business with both a threat and opportunity as we move closer to establishing a social basis for global economic activity.
Terra Antarctica
by William FoxHow does the human mind transform space into place, or land into landscape? For more than three decades, William L. Fox has looked at empty landscapes and the role of the arts to investigate the way humans make sense of space. In Terra Antarctica, Fox continues this line of inquiry as he travels to the Antarctic, the "largest and most extreme desert on earth." This contemporary travel narrative interweaves artistic, cartographic, and scientific images with anecdotes from the author's three-month journey in the Antarctic to create an absorbing and readable narrative of the remote continent. Through its images, history, and firsthand experiences-snowmobile trips through whiteouts and his icy solo hikes past the edge of the mapped world-Fox brings to life a place that few have seen and offers us a look into both the nature of landscape and ourselves.
Terra Antarctica
by William FoxHow does the human mind transform space into place, or land into landscape? For more than three decades, William L. Fox has looked at empty landscapes and the role of the arts to investigate the way humans make sense of space. In Terra Antarctica, Fox continues this line of inquiry as he travels to the Antarctic, the "largest and most extreme desert on earth." This contemporary travel narrative interweaves artistic, cartographic, and scientific images with anecdotes from the author's three-month journey in the Antarctic to create an absorbing and readable narrative of the remote continent. Through its images, history, and firsthand experiences-snowmobile trips through whiteouts and his icy solo hikes past the edge of the mapped world-Fox brings to life a place that few have seen and offers us a look into both the nature of landscape and ourselves.
Terra Incognita: 100 Maps to Survive the Next 100 Years
by Ian Goldin Robert Muggah'Amazing. It would be my desert island choice' Martin Rees'Fascinating, beautiful, alarming and revelatory use of mapping and infographics' Stephen Fry on EarthTime maps'An indispensable read' Arianna Huffington From the global impact of the Coronavirus to exploring the vast spread of the Australian bushfires, join authors Ian Goldin and Robert Muggah as they trace the ways in which our world has changed and the ways in which it will continue to change over the next hundred years. Map-making is an ancient impulse. From the moment homo sapiens learnt to communicate we have used them to make sense of our surroundings. But as Albert Einstein once said, 'you can't use old maps to explore a new world.' And now, when the world is changing faster than ever before, our old maps are no longer fit for purpose.Welcome to Terra Incognita. Based on decades of research, and combining mesmerising, state-of-the-art satellite maps with enlightening and passionately argued analysis, Ian and Robert chart humanity's impact on the planet, and the ways in which we can make a real impact to save it, and to thrive as a species.Learn about: fires in the arctic; the impact of sea level rise on cities around the world; the truth about immigration - and why fears in the West are a myth; the counter-intuitive future of population rise; the miracles of health and education that are waiting around the corner, and the reality about inequality, and how we end it. The book traces the paths of peoples, cities, wars, climates and technologies, all on a global scale. Full of facts that will confound you, inform you, and ultimately empower you, Terra Incognita guides readers to a new place of understanding, rather than to a physical location.
Terra Nova: The New World After Oil, Cars, and Suburbs
by Eric W. SandersonA look at what the American lifestyle has done to the environment—and how to move toward a better future. In the last century, three powerful forces—oil, cars, and suburbs—buoyed the American dream. Yet now, the quality of life in the United States is declining due to these same three forces. Our dependence on oil is a root cause of wars, recessions, and natural disasters. Cars consume an outsize share of our incomes and force us to squander time in traffic. Meanwhile, expensive, spread-out suburbs devour farmland—and in a vicious cycle, further entrench our reliance on cars and oil. In Terra Nova, conservation ecologist Eric W. Sanderson—the national bestselling author of Mannahatta—offers concrete steps toward a solution. He delves into natural history, architecture, chemistry, and politics, to show how the American relationship to nature has shaped our past, and how it can affect our future. Illustrated throughout with maps, charts, and infographics, Terra Nova demonstrates that it is indeed possible to achieve a better world. &“Sanderson commendably outlines &‘a new way of life . . . designed to sustain American prosperity, health, and freedom for generations to come.&’&” —Publishers Weekly
Terra Preta: How the World's Most Fertile Soil Can Help Reverse Climate Change and Reduce World Hunger
by Hans-Peter Schmidt Kathleen Draper Haiko Pieplow Tim Flannery Ute ScheubTerra preta is the Portuguese name of a type of soil which is thought to have almost miraculous properties. The newspapers are flooded with reports about "black gold," scientists believe that two of the greatest problems facing the world - climate change and the hunger crisis - can be solved by it. The beauty of it is that everyone can do something about it because since 2005 the secret of producing this black soil has been revealed - and it is a secret that seemed to have been lost forever with the downfall of the once thriving Indian culture of the Amazon basin. The recipe is astonishingly simple as all you need are kitchen or garden wastes, charcoal and earthworms, so it can be produced on every balcony or on the smallest of garden plots.The trio of authors Scheub, Pieplow and Schmidt, set off on a treasure hunt and condensed all the knowledge about the world's most fertile soil into a convenient guidebook. In addition to a sound instruction manual on producing terra preta and organic charcoal (biochar), the handbook covers fundamental principles from climate farming to closed-loop economy. It makes a passionate plea against synthetic fertilizers and genetic technology and offers indispensable advice to all those who feel strongly about healthy food.
Terra Viva: My Life in a Biodiversity of Movements
by null Vandana Shiva*2023 Nautilus Book Award Gold Medal Winner: Heroic Journeys&“All of us who care about the future of Planet Earth must be grateful to Vandana Shiva.&”—Jane Goodall, UN Messenger of PeaceA powerful new memoir published to coincide with Vandana Shiva&’s 70th birthday.Vandana Shiva has been described in many ways: the &“Gandhi of Grain,&” &“a rock star&” in the battle against GMOs, and &“the most powerful voice&” for people of the developing world. For over four decades she has vociferously advocated for diversity, indigenous knowledge, localization, and real democracy; she has been at the forefront of seed saving, food sovereignty, and connecting the dots between the destruction of nature, the polarization of societies, and indiscriminate corporate greed.In Terra Viva, Dr. Shiva shares her most memorable campaigns, alongside some of the world&’s most celebrated activists and environmentalists, all working toward a livable planet and healthier democracies. For the very first time, she also recounts the stories of her childhood in post-partition India—the influence of the Himalayan forests she roamed; her parents, who saw no difference in the education of boys and girls at a time when this was not the norm; and the Chipko movement, whose women were &“the real custodians of biodiversity-related knowledge.&” Throughout, Shiva&’s pursuit of a unique intellectual path marrying quantum physics with science, technology, and environmental policy will captivate the reader.Terra Viva is a celebration of a remarkable life and a clear-eyed assessment of the challenges we face moving forward—including those revealed by the COVID crisis, the privatization of biotechnology, and the commodification of our biological and natural resources.&“One of the world&’s most prominent radical scientists.&”—The Guardian
Terraforming: The Creating of Habitable Worlds
by Martin BeechThis book proposes a sound and realistic exploration on the topic of terraforming. Often used as the narrative premise in science fiction novels, terraforming is the process by which an uninhabitable planet might be converted into one capable of supporting life. This book presents what is physically possible today and hints what might conceivably be put into practice in the next several hundred years. The author works within the realms of current technology and known physics, although speculation on future advancements inevitably enters the discussion. Introductory chapters establish why terraforming will be of great benefit to human kind, and also put in place the basic physical arguments necessary to the terraforming process. The following parts look at various proposals that have been made for terraforming the planets Mars and Venus. The book concludes with a glimpse to the much deeper future when humankind will explore and colonize the outer solar system and possibly the newly discovered exoplanets.
Terrain Evaluation
by Colin W. MitchellWritten from the point of view of the earth scientist, this book acts as an introduction to terrain evaluation. The emphasis throughout is on the physical rather than the economic, social or legal aspects of the subject, and topics covered include remote sensing and data processing technologies.
Terramechanics: Land Locomotion Mechanics
by T. Muro J. O'BrienTerramechanics is the broad study of terrain-vehicle systems. In this book, all physical processes associated with the static and dynamic interplay between powered and tooled wheeled or tracked vehicles with natural and man-made surfaces are analysed and mathematically modelled.The focus of the book is the technical problem of predicting the p
Terrapsychological Inquiry: Restorying Our Relationship with Nature, Place, and Planet
by Craig ChalquistTerrapsychological Inquiry is a qualitative research methodology seeking a form of inquiry that takes seriously our intense inner responses to the state of the natural world. Terrapsychology is a theory and practice approach that studies, from the standpoint of lived experience, how the world gets into the heart. Oceans and skies, trees and hills, rivers and soils, and even built things like houses, cities, ports, and planes: How do they show up for us inwardly? How do our moods, feelings, and dreams reflect what happens in the world? Terrapsychological Inquiry evolved over a decade of experimentation by graduate students, instructors, workshop leaders and presenters, and other embodied creatives to offer a truly Earth-honoring mode of story-based qualitative inquiry, one that changes all involved from passive spectators of the doings of the world into active, sensitive participants. Learn how to use this methodology of reenchantment in a variety of settings inside and outside academia, and by doing so reenter an animate world. Written in an engaging and accessible style, this introduction to a new research methodology will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental psychology, ecotherapy, and environment and sustainability studies more generally.
Terrapsychological Inquiry: Restorying Our Relationship with Nature, Place, and Planet
by Craig ChalquistTerrapsychological Inquiry is a path of storied, imaginative research that takes seriously our intense inner responses to the state of the natural world. This place-rooted approach studies, from the standpoint of lived experience, how the world gets into the heart. Oceans and skies, trees and hills, rivers and soils, and even built things like houses, cities, ports, and planes: How do they show up for us inwardly? How do our moods, feelings, and dreams reflect what happens in the world? Terrapsychological Inquiry evolved over a decade of exploration by graduate students, instructors, ceremonialists, workshop leaders and presenters, and other practitioners of embodied creativity to offer an Earth-honoring mode of storied qualitative inquiry, one that transforms all involved from passive spectators of the doings of the world into active, sensitive participants. Learn how to use this methodology of earthly reenchantment in a variety of settings inside and outside academia and by doing so reenter an animate world. This new edition has been revised throughout and offers fresh insights into how Terrapsychological Inquiry, a field with roots in depth psychology, ecopsychology, and Hermetic philosophy, can also be used as an ecospiritual path. Thoroughly updated with a new chapter and added discussion questions and exercises at the end of each chapter, this introduction to an evolving research methodology will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental psychology, ecotherapy, and environment and sustainability studies more generally.
Terrapsychology: Further Inquiry into Self, Place and Planet
by Craig Chalquist Garret BarnwellReflecting on and exploring the connection between the environments in which we live and our moods, motivations and dreams, this insightful volume takes the growing field of terrapsychology into new and exciting directions. This book draws together a group of contemporary voices in terrapsychology to explore lived topics, such as ecotransference encountered with sacred place, alternative mapping and expressions of solidarities with sacred sites, place dreaming, locianalysis, trans-species encounters, deep genealogy, terraplomacy and Hermeticism. The chapters focus on praxis, demonstrating how each author’s relationship with the more-than-human world has been reenchanted, revealing, remembering and co-creating relationships and community for life to flourish. Co-edited by Craig Chalquist and Garret Barnwell this collection will interest scholars, students and practitioners across a range of fields, including analytical psychology, environment psychology, and cultural anthropology.
Terrapsychology: Further Inquiry into Self, Place and Planet
by Craig Chalquist Garret Barnwell- The place of nature and environment is increasingly recognized in therapeutic theory and practice. - Co-edited by the originator of the theory of Terrapsychology. - Builds on his successful 2020 title, Terrapsychological Inquiry, which we also published.
Terrestrial and Inland Water Environment of the Kaliningrad Region: Environmental Studies In The Kaliningrad Region (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #65)
by Vladimir A. Gritsenko Vadim V. Sivkov Artem V. Yurov Andrey G. KostianoyThis volume concisely and systematically presents our current knowledge of the terrestrial environment and inland water resources in the Kaliningrad Region. The 22 chapters, including an introduction and a conclusion, are based on observational data; scientific literature, mainly published in Russian; and the authors’ long-standing experience in this area of research. The book is intended for specialists working in various fields of environmental sciences and ecology; water resources and management; land reclamation and agriculture; and international cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region. This is the first of four volumes on Environmental Studies in the Kaliningrad Region. The other three volumes, to be published in the coming years, will be devoted to the physical oceanography, geoecology and bioecology of the Southeastern Baltic Sea.
The Terrestrial Biosphere: Environmental Change, Ecosystem Science, Attitudes and Values (Understanding Global Environmental Change)
by Steve TrudgillTerrestrial Biosphere tries to pose the questions which underlie the many-sided debate of how to respond to and influence change: How should we view nature? What do we do for the best - how should we act - what are we trying to achieve and what should we be guided by?In doing so the book introduces and attempts to analyse not only scientific aspects of the debate but also cultural attitudes and values: the notions of ecosystem stability are now challenged and it is also clear that ecosystems are renewable but not repeatable. It finds that prescriptive 'solutions' based on current constructs may not be adequate. Feeling that analysis should lead to advocacy, the author believes that if we can't improve predictability, we have to increase adaptability which means that ecological and social capacity building should be advocated. This is seen in terms of concepts, institutions, attitudes and values which allow for a plurality of meanings and which can cope with surprise and unforeseen change - and which also facilitates responses to change.
Terrestrial Biosphere-Atmosphere Fluxes
by Russell Monson Dennis BaldocchiFluxes of trace gases, water and energy - the 'breathing of the biosphere' - are controlled by a large number of interacting physical, chemical, biological and ecological processes. In this interdisciplinary book, the authors provide the tools to understand and quantitatively analyse fluxes of energy, organic compounds such as terpenes, and trace gases including carbon dioxide, water vapour and methane. It first introduces the fundamental principles affecting the supply and demand for trace gas exchange at the leaf and soil scales: thermodynamics, diffusion, turbulence and physiology. It then builds on these principles to model the exchange of water, carbon dioxide, terpenes and stable isotopes at the ecosystem scale. Detailed mathematical derivations of commonly used relations in biosphere-atmosphere interactions are provided for reference in appendices. An accessible introduction for graduate students and a key resource for researchers in related fields, such as atmospheric science, hydrology, meteorology, climate science, biogeochemistry and ecosystem ecology.
Terrestrial Cetartiodactyla (Handbook of the Mammals of Europe)
by Luca Corlatti Frank E. ZachosThis volume provides comprehensive overviews of each terrestrial cetartiodactyl species’ biology including palaeontology, physiology, genetics, reproduction and development, ecology, habitat and diet. Their economic significance and management, as well as future challenges for research and conservation are also addressed. Each chapter includes a distribution map, a photograph of the animal and key literature. This authoritative volume of the Handbook of the Mammals of Europe is a timely and detailed compilation of all European terrestrial cetartiodactyls and will appeal to academics and students in mammal research, as well as to professionals dealing with mammal management, including control, use and conservation.
Terrestrial Coastal Ecosystems in Germany and Climate Change (Ecological Studies #245)
by Dietrich Mossakowski Ulrich IrmlerClimate change is one of the most severe dangers for mankind worldwide. Beside the temperature increase, the sea level will rise and flood wide coastal areas, which is already remarkable today. The effects will be dramatic, in particular, at coasts with low elevation gradients such as at the German coasts of the North and Baltic Sea. The impact will be not only severe for coastal people, but still more for the unique coastal ecosystems, which harbors many plant and animal species that are already endangered today.This book focuses on the coastal terrestrial ecosystems of the German North and Baltic Sea. It describes the reactions of plants and animals (i.e. spiders, carabid beetles, bees and nematodes) on the future temperature and sea level increase. The combination of field and experimental studies is unique for Europe and for many parts of the world. It not only studies the actual elevation gradients and the climatic and saline gradients from West to East, but also the historical changes to document processes at coastal ecosystems that were already passed. In contrast to many books that studied the marine processes with similar backgrounds, this book concerns the terrestrial coastal ecosystems that were overall rarely studied and, in particular, never studied under this specific viewpoint.
Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology
by Göran I. Ågren Folke O. AnderssonHuman activities impact the environment and modify the cycles of important elements such as carbon and nitrogen from local to global scales. In order to maintain long-term and sustainable use of the world's natural resources it is important that we understand how and why ecosystems respond to such changes. This book explains the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, using examples ranging from the Arctic to the tropics to demonstrate how they react under differing conditions. This knowledge is developed into a set of principles that can be used as starting points for analysing questions about ecosystem behaviour. Ecosystem dynamics are also considered, illustrating how ecosystems develop and change over a range of temporal and spatial scales and how they react to perturbations, whether natural or man-made. Throughout the book, descriptive studies are merged with simple mathematical models to reinforce the concepts discussed and aid the development of predictive tools.