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The Roads to Rome: A History of Imperial Expansion
by Catherine FletcherInspired by original research and filled with color and drama, this is an exploration of two thousand years of history as seen through one the greatest imperial networks ever built."All roads lead to Rome&” is a medieval proverb, but it's also true: today's European roads still follow the networks of the ancient empire—and these ancient roads continue to grip our modern imaginations as a physical manifestation of Rome&’s extraordinary greatness. Over the two thousand years since they were first built, these roads have been walked by crusaders and pilgrims, liberators and dictators, but also by tourists and writers, refugees and artists. As channels of trade and travel—and routes for conquest and creativity—Catherine Fletcher reveals how these roads forever transformed the cultures, and intertwined the fates, of a vast panoply of people across Europe and beyond. The Roads to Rome is a magnificent journey into a past that remains intimately connected to our present. Traveling from Scotland to Cádiz to Istanbul and back to Rome, the reader meanders through a series of nations and empires that have risen and fallen. Along the way, we encounter spies, bandits, scheming innkeepers, a Byzantine noblewoman on the run, young aristocrats on their Grand Tour, a conquering Napoleon, John Keats, the Shelleys, the abolitionist Frederick Douglass, and even Mussolini on his motorbike. Reflecting on his own walk on the Appian Way, Charles Dickens observed that here is "a history in every stone that strews the ground.&” Based on vibrant original research, this is the first narrative history to tell the full story of life on the roads that lead to Rome.
The Rock From Mars
by Kathy SawyerIn this riveting book, acclaimed journalist Kathy Sawyer reveals the deepest mysteries of space and some of the most disturbing truths on Earth. The Rock from Mars is the story of how two planets and the spheres of politics and science all collided at the end of the twentieth century. It began sixteen million years ago. An asteroid crashing into Mars sent fragments flying into space and, eons later, one was pulled by the Earth’s gravity onto an icy wilderness near the southern pole. There, in 1984, a...
The Rock Physics Handbook: Tools For Seismic Analysis Of Porous Media
by Tapan Mukerji Gary Mavko Jack DvorkinResponding to the latest developments in rock physics research, this popular reference book has been thoroughly updated while retaining its comprehensive coverage of the fundamental theory, concepts, and laboratory results. It brings together the vast literature from the field to address the relationships between geophysical observations and the underlying physical properties of Earth materials - including water, hydrocarbons, gases, minerals, rocks, ice, magma and methane hydrates. This third edition includes expanded coverage of topics such as effective medium models, viscoelasticity, attenuation, anisotropy, electrical-elastic cross relations, and highlights applications in unconventional reservoirs. Appendices have been enhanced with new materials and properties, while worked examples (supplemented by online datasets and MATLAB® codes) enable readers to implement the workflows and models in practice. This significantly revised edition will continue to be the go-to reference for students and researchers interested in rock physics, near-surface geophysics, seismology, and professionals in the oil and gas industries.
The Rock-Eval Method: Principles and Application
by François BaudinThis book presents the Rock-Eval® method, which was invented in France in the 1970s and is used by the oil industry worldwide to characterize source rocks and reservoir rocks as well as their petroleum potential. Rock Eval® has also spread to other fields of application, including soil science, paleoceanography, paleoclimatology, environmental science (i.e. monitoring pollution remediation), material chemistry (i.e. carbonates, microplastics) and many others. The Rock-Eval Method presents a collection of chapters reviewing this method and its fields of application, and examines its possible developments. The authors are from either the academic or applied sector and have all contributed to the development of the Rock Eval® apparatus and method. This instrument, which lies somewhere between a chromatographic, a thermal and an elemental analyzer, is now evolving to be an analytical platform, on which new fields of applications can be tested in the future.
The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood
by David R. MontgomeryHow the mystery of the Bible's greatest story shaped geology: a MacArthur Fellow presents a surprising perspective on Noah's Flood. In Tibet, geologist David R. Montgomery heard a local story about a great flood that bore a striking similarity to Noah's Flood. Intrigued, Montgomery began investigating the world's flood stories and--drawing from historic works by theologians, natural philosophers, and scientists--discovered the counterintuitive role Noah's Flood played in the development of both geology and creationism. Steno, the grandfather of geology, even invoked the Flood in laying geology's founding principles based on his observations of northern Italian landscapes. Centuries later, the founders of modern creationism based their irrational view of a global flood on a perceptive critique of geology. With an explorer's eye and a refreshing approach to both faith and science, Montgomery takes readers on a journey across landscapes and cultures. In the process we discover the illusive nature of truth, whether viewed through the lens of science or religion, and how it changed through history and continues changing, even today.
The Role of Business in Global Sustainability Transformations (Routledge Research in Sustainability and Business)
by Robert Kozak Anne Toppinen Dalia D’AmatoDrawing on contributions from more than thirty scholars and experts in the field, this book examines the role of business as an enabler, as an inhibitor, and ultimately as a co-actor in global sustainability transformations expected over the next few decades. The Role of Business in Global Sustainability Transformations employs several theoretical perspectives and provides abundant examples and cases to discuss a variety of emerging concepts, phenomena, and trends shaping business sustainability. Weaving through the chapters, the editors present core tensions and sources of inertia towards transformative change, and acknowledge that envisioning multiple solutions and pathways are possible and desirable. They advocate for the need to align visions, actions and time horizons between policy, society and business in addressing the interlinked socio-ecological challenges that our society currently faces. This book will be an important resource for scholars and professionals working in the field of sustainability and sustainable business, and a vital educational text for students interested in this discipline.
The Role of Coal in a Sustainable Energy Mix for India: A Wide-Angle View
by Mritiunjoy Mohanty and Runa SarkarAs India switches away from a coal-based to a more sustainable energy use pattern, which pathway will it adopt? What is the nature of challenges that it will face, and who will be affected? Who will gain? This volume offers insights into the steps and challenges involved in this transition and addresses some urgent questions about the possible pathways for India’s renewable energy generation. Including contributions from researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, it draws on different disciplines, ranging from science and technology to economics and sociology, and situates the issue of low carbon transition within an interdisciplinary framework. India has committed to gradual decarbonisation of its economy. This book takes this as its starting point and uses a wide-angle lens, incorporating macro as well as micro views, to understand the possible next steps as well as trade-offs that will inevitably be posed. It incorporates the perspectives of all stakeholders ranging from central and state governments, public and private sector firms, on the one hand, to individuals and local communities, on the other, to explore their role in the transition, their interests, and how these will change and evolve. This timely volume will be of interest to students and researchers of environmental studies, development studies, environmental economics, political studies, and Asian studies. It will also be useful to academics, practitioners, and policymakers working on issues related to climate change, sustainable development, energy policy and economics,and public policy.
The Role of Design, Construction, and Real Estate in Advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Thomas Walker Sherif Goubran Carmela Cucuzzella Rana GeithThis edited book brings together insights from scholars and practitioners from many different fields to uncover the role of the construction and real estate sectors and how they align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It follows a lifecycle-based approach to the topic, addressing the design, construction, management, investment, and regulatory dimensions of projects in the area. It expands the reader’s understanding of the built environment beyond the design and construction phases, which enables the collection to explore the links and transitions between different project phases and uncover new methodologies that aim to tackle systemic sustainable development challenges. The chapters’ comprehensive coverage allows the collection to capitalize on the strengths and weaknesses of the building industry, highlight emerging trends, and uncover some critical gaps that need to be addressed to attain the 2030 vision. This puts into perspective the interconnected nature of the SDGs and highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder collaborations in achieving them.
The Role of Environmental NGOs: Proceedings Of A Workshop
by National Research CouncilAn NRC committee was established to work with a Russian counterpart group in conducting a workshop in Moscow on the effectiveness of Russian environmental NGOs in environmental decision-making and prepared proceedings of this workshop, highlighting the successes and difficulties faced by NGOs in Russia and the United States.
The Role of Fuels in Transforming Energy End-Use in Buildings and Industrial Processes (Synthesis Lectures on Engineering, Science, and Technology)
by Praveen Cheekatamarla Kyle Gluesenkamp Stephen Kowalski Zhenning Li Saad JajjaEnergy-efficient technologies are necessary to lower the carbon footprint for a transition towards clean energy in a sustainable manner. This book examines what role fuels have in the transformation of end-use in buildings and industrial processes. Energy-efficient technologies are necessary to lower the carbon footprint for a transition towards clean energy in a sustainable manner. Efficient utilization of primary energy resources, including renewables, to support the current and future energy needs while targeting grid resiliency, energy, and environmental security at an affordable cost is of significant value. The author analyzes heat pumps, fuel-driven thermal providers, and power systems configurations and looks at the sensitivity of the electrical grid's carbon intensity and tariff towards carbon footprint and energy costs compared with fuel-driven technologies. The role of low-carbon, zero-carbon, and carbon-negative fuels, such as power-to-gas (P2G), power-to-liquid (PtL), hydrogen, and biogas, in conjunction with polygeneration technologies, are discussed. This book also examines two different scenarios focused on the sensitivity of the pace of decarbonization of the electrical grid and fuel supply on operational energy-related carbon emissions.Compares electricity versus fuel as a primary energy sourceExplores the role of fuels in the decarbonization journey Examines the value proposition of currently available energy solutions
The Role of Higher Education Institutions in Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: A Case Study of Fiji and Indonesia (Springer Climate)
by Ravinesh Rohit PrasadThis book provides the readers with a description of climate change and the role of the University in promoting climate change education. It explores the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) curriculum at various universities worldwide and how they have incorporated climate change into the university-wide programs. The book also looks at the causes and impacts of climate change and the countries most affected by this phenomenon, particularly Fiji and Indonesia. It describes how the various sectors, such as health, agriculture, and tourism, have been impacted by climate change. This book also summarizes the roles of United Nations Organizations in implementing climate change education at universities. The importance of climate change education is expressed in terms of adaptation and mitigation and to foster resilience, adaptability, and adaptation to climate change. The role of university student organizations aimed at environmental protection for climate change adaptation and mitigation is also discussed in this book.
The Role of Law in Governing Sustainability (Routledge/ISDRS Series in Sustainable Development Research)
by Volker MauerhoferThis book explores how public and private actors can interrelate to achieve also by means of law a sustainable development which is beneficial for the environment, society and the economy. The Role of Law in Governing Sustainability assesses the structure, functions and perspectives of law in the wider governance frameworks of sustainable development. It provides latest and in-depth insights from each of the three dimensions of sustainable development and the relations among them. Latest political developments on global and regional level related to the environmental, social and the economic dimensions are provided as well as in-depth case studies. Thereby the book explores how international and national laws and governance can help us move towards a more sustainable future. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental law, global governance and sustainable development.
The Role of Mosque in Building Resilient Communities: Widening Development Agendas (Islam and Global Studies)
by Abdur Rehman CheemaThis book is about the role of the mosque in the aftermath of the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Disasters give rise to a situation where people from different parts of the world, quite unfamiliar with each other, come into contact to save lives, provide necessities such as food and shelter, rebuild homes and enable community recovery. During these challenging times, community-based religious institutions such as churches, mosques and temples are a practical choice for reaching people living nearby to fulfil their needs. The book shows the contributions of the mosque as a physical, spiritual and social place for improving the knowledge and practice of disaster risk reduction and management including the COVID-19 pandemic. It also illuminates the widening role of religion in development. The book reinforces the case for broader engagement with all community-based religious institutions. The book is of interest to academics in diverse fields including development studies, disaster studies, sociology, anthropology, religion, Asian studies, emergency and disaster management. It will also of interest to the professional staff of disaster management authorities, public sector, bilateral and multilateral aid allocation and implementing agencies and those of humanitarian organizations.
The Role of Non-State Actors in the Green Transition: Building a Sustainable Future (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Jens Hoff Quentin Gausset Simon LexThis book argues that there is no way to make progress in building a sustainable future without extensive participation of non-state actors. The volume explores the contribution of non-state actors to a sustainable transition, starting with citizens and communities of different kinds and ending with cities and city-networks. The authors analyse social, cultural, political and economic drivers and barriers for this transition, from individual behaviour to structural restraints, and investigate interplay between the two. Through a series of wide-ranging case studies from the UK, Australia, Germany, Italy and Denmark, and a number of comparative case studies, the volume provides an empirically and theoretically robust argument that highlights the need to develop, widen and scale up collective action and community-based engagement if the transition to sustainability is to be successful. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate change, sustainability and environmental policy.
The Role of Science for Conservation (Routledge Explorations In Environmental Economics Ser. #34)
by Mark Gardener Matthias WolffThe book integrates the knowledge and reflections of 30 scientists, of which many have dedicated a substantial part of their professional life to the Galapagos archipelago, to the conservation of its biodiversity and to the sustainable management of its resources. The book can be considered a milestone on the way to the successful conservation and sustainable development of this unique world heritage site. .
The Role of Submarine Groundwater Discharge as Material Source to the Baltic Sea
by Janusz Pempkowiak Beata SzymczychaThe book provides a review of experimental methods and presents the worldwide newest literature regarding chemical substances fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Thus, the book characterizes both the distribution of chemicals in groundwater impacted areas in the Baltic Sea and their fluxes via SGD to the Baltic Sea. This book presents the state of art regarding the SGD and detailed studies on SGD characterization in the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is an example of a region highly influenced by a variety of human activities that affect the ecosystem. It is shown that SGD has been proven to be one of the important sources introducing dissolved substances into the Baltic Sea. The loads of chemical substances delivered to the Baltic sea with SGD have not been quantified so far.
The Role of the State in China’s Urban System Development: Government Capacity, Institution and Policy
by Jiejing WangThis book investigates how the state intervenes in the urban system in China in the post-reform period. To do so, it constructs a conceptual framework based on the perspective of political hierarchy, suggesting that the state power is hierarchically organized in China’s urban system, leading to variations in urban government capacities among cities. The book reveals that the state has largely achieved the goal of its national urban system policy to “strictly control the scale of large cities” resulting in the under-development of the large cities if they are mainly developing according to the market force. However, this has become less influential with the advances toward a market economy. Further, state regulation and policies have reduced the gaps between cities at the top and bottom of the urban hierarchy. The book argues that the Urban Administrative System (UAS) is an important tool for the state to regulate urban system development, and the administrative level has a significant effect on urban growth performance. It contends that China’s urban system is strongly shaped by the omnipresent state through the UAS, which hierarchically differentiates between the urban growth processes. By controlling the administrative-level upgrading process, the state can prevent the size and number of cities from increasing too rapidly.This theoretical and empirical enquiry highlights the fact that the hierarchical power relations among cities and the resulting variations in urban government capacities are the key to understanding the role of the state in China’s urban system development in the post-reform period.
The Roles of Accelerated Pavement Testing in Pavement Sustainability
by José P. Aguiar-Moya Adriana Vargas-Nordcbeck Fabricio Leiva-Villacorta Luis G. Loría-SalazarThis compendium gathers the latest advances in the area of Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT), a means of testing full-scale pavement construction in an accelerated manner for structural deterioration in a very short term. Compiling novel research results presented at the 5th International Conference on Accelerated Pavement Testing, San Jose, Costa Rica, the volume serves as a timely and highly relevant resource for materials scientists and engineers interested in determining the performance of a pavement structure during its service life (10+ years) in a few weeks or months.
The Roles of Remote Sensing in Nature Conservation
by Clive Hurford Richard Lucas Ricardo Díaz-DelgadoThe book will provide an overview of the practical application of remote sensing for the purposes of nature conservation as developed by ecologists in collaboration with remote sensing specialists, providing guidance on all phases from the planning of remote sensing projects for conservation to the interpretation and validation of the images.
The Root Causes of Biodiversity Loss
by Alexander Wood Pamela Stedman-Edwards Johanna MangThe world is losing species and biodiversity at an unprecedented rate. The causes go deep and the losses are driven by a complex array of social, economic, political and biological factors at different levels. Immediate causes such as over-harvesting, pollution and habitat change have been well studied, but the socioeconomic factors driving people to degrade their environment are less well understood. This book examines the underlying causes. It provides analyses of a range of case studies from Brazil, Cameroon, China, Danube River Basin, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Tanzania and Vietnam, and integrates them into a new and interdisciplinary framework for understanding what is happening. From these results, the editors are able to derive policy conclusions and recommendations for operational and institutional approaches to address the root causes and reverse the current trends. It makes a contribution to the understanding of all those - from ecologists and conservationists to economists and policy makers - working on one of the major challenges we face.
The Roots of Modern Environmentalism (Routledge Library Editions: Conservation #6)
by David PepperOriginally published in 1984, The Roots of Modern Environmentalism provides a historical, philosophical and ideological background to environmentalism. Topics covered include, the roots of technological environmentalism, the medieval cosmology and Bacon’s philosophy, the non-scientific roots of ecological environmentalism, such as Romanticism and its scientific roots in the theories of Malthus and Darwin. The Marxist perspective on Nature is also discussed. The concluding chapter is a criticism of education which challenges its usefulness as an agent of socio-economic change. This book will be of interest to academics and students of environmentalism and geography.
The Rouge River Valley: An Urban Wilderness
by James E. GarrattThe Rouge River Valley, eleven thousand acres of urban wilderness, is a unique, yet very fragile and transient natural phenomenon existing within the confines of a major North American city, Toronto. Fed by the Oak Ridges Moraine, the Rouge river system has, over generations of time, cut its identity into the land, shaping the habitat for a multitude of lifeforms, many of which are now either threatened or gone. Author James E. Garratt, a seasoned environmentalist, shares two decades of personal observation and ecological study to reveal the richness and flow of seasonal changes in this exceptional urban park. This "portrait" of a year in the Rouge Valley explores not only the diversity of life in its natural habitat but also the impact of urban sprawl and the inevitable conflict with development. Is it possible to be a true naturalist "grounded" in a modern city? The words of Ian McHarg, an urban planner, hold true: "We need nature as much in the city as in the country."
The Rough Guide to Climate Change
by Duncan Clark Robert HensonThe Rough Guide to Climate Change gives the complete picture of the single biggest issue facing the planet today. Cutting a swathe through scientific research and political debate, this completely updated 2nd edition lays out the facts and assesses the options- global and personal- for dealing with the threat of a warming world. The guide looks at the evolution of our atmosphere over the last 4.5 billion years and what computer simulations of climate change reveal about our past, present, and future. This updated edition includes new information from the 2007 report from the International Panel on Climate Change and an updated politics section to reflect post-Kyoto developments. Discover how rising temperatures and sea levels, plus changes to extreme weather patterns, are already affecting life around the world. The guide unravels how governments, scientists and engineers plan to tackle the problem and includes in-depth information and lifestyle tips about what you can do to help.
The Rough Guide to Weather
by Robert Henson"If warm air raises, why is Everest so cold?" The author of The Rough Guide to Climate Change provides a primer on weather-related phenomena and behind-the-scenes looks at how forecasts are made. Among the annotated resources listed in this update of the 2002 edition are special interest Websites and blogs, and government weather agencies worldwide. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
The Rough Guide to the Earth
by Martin InceA London-based science journalist explains the origins of the home planet, how the Earth changes and affects us, and in turn, how humans are altering the third rock from the Sun. The accessible guide includes interesting boxed information (e.g., "How to start an ice age"), numerous color images, and annotated resources. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)