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Boundaries: A Casebook in Environmental Ethics
by Christine E. Gudorf James Edward HuchingsonIn this expanded and revised edition of a fresh and original case-study textbook on environmental ethics, Christine Gudorf and James Huchingson continue to explore the line that separates the current state of the environment from what it should be in the future. <p> Boundaries begins with a lucid overview of the field, highlighting the key developments and theories in the environmental movement. Specific cases offer a rich and diverse range of situations from around the globe, from saving the forests of Java and the use of pesticides in developing countries to restoring degraded ecosystems in Nebraska. With an emphasis on the concrete circumstances of particular localities, the studies continue to focus on the dilemmas and struggles of individuals and communities who face daunting decisions with serious consequences. This second edition features extensive updates and revisions, along with four new cases: one on water privatization, one on governmental efforts to mitigate global climate change, and two on the obstacles that teachers of environmental ethics encounter in the classroom. Boundaries also includes an appendix for teachers that describes how to use the cases in the classroom.
Boundaries: The Making of France and Spain in the Pyrenees
by Peter SahlinsThis book is an account of two dimension of state and nation building in France and Spain since the seventeenth century--the invention of a national boundary line and the making of Frenchmen and Spaniards. It is also a history of Catalan rural society in the Cerdanya, a valley in the eastern Pyrenees divided between Spain and France in 1659. This study shuttles between two levels, between the center and the periphery. It connects the "macroscopic" political and diplomatic history of France and Spain, from the Old Regime monarchies to the national territorial states of the later nineteenth century; and the "molecular" history--the historical ethnography--of Catalan village communities, rural nobles, and peasants in the borderland. On the frontier, these two histories come together, and they can be told as one.
Boundaries of a Complex World (Springer Series in Synergetics)
by Andrei LuduThe 2nd edition of this book provides novel topics and studyies in boundaries of networks and Big Data Systems.The central theme of this book is the extent to which the structure of the free dynamical boundaries of a system controls the evolution of the system as a whole. Applying three orthogonal types of thinking - mathematical, constructivist and morphological, it illustrates these concepts using applications to selected problems from the social and life sciences, as well as economics. In a broader context, it introduces and reviews some modern mathematical approaches to the science of complex systems. Standard modeling approaches (based on non-linear differential equations, dynamic systems, graph theory, cellular automata, stochastic processes, or information theory) are suitable for studying local problems. However they cannot simultaneously take into account all the different facets and phenomena of a complex system, and new approaches are required to solve the challenging problem of correlations between phenomena at different levels and hierarchies, their self-organization and memory-evolutive aspects, the growth of additional structures and are ultimately required to explain why and how such complex systems can display both robustness and flexibility. This graduate-level text addresses a broader interdisciplinary audience, keeping the mathematical level essentially uniform throughout the book, and involving only basic elements from calculus, algebra, geometry and systems theory.
Boundaries of Rock Mechanics: Recent Advances and Challenges for the 21st Century
by Meifeng Cai Jin’an WangBoundaries of Rock Mechanics. Recent Advances and Challenges for the 21st Century contains 180 papers from the International Young Scholars Symposium on Rock Mechanics 2008 (Beijing, China, 28 April-2 May 2008). The symposium was organized by the ISRM Commission on Education, and sponsored by the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) and
Boundary and Interior Layers, Computational and Asymptotic Methods BAIL 2018 (Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering #135)
by Gabriel R. Barrenechea John MackenzieThis volume gathers papers presented at the international conference BAIL, which was held at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland from the 14th to the 22nd of June 2018. The conference gathered specialists in the asymptotic and numerical analysis of problems which exhibit layers and interfaces. Covering a wide range of topics and sharing a wealth of insights, the papers in this volume provide an overview of the latest research into the theory and numerical approximation of problems involving boundary and interior layers.
Boundary Conformal Field Theory and the Worldsheet Approach to D-Branes
by Andreas Recknagel Aptara. IncBoundary conformal field theory is concerned with a class of two-dimensional quantum field theories which display a rich mathematical structure and have many applications ranging from string theory to condensed matter physics. In particular, the framework allows discussion of strings and branes directly at the quantum level. Written by internationally renowned experts, this comprehensive introduction to boundary conformal field theory reaches from theoretical foundations to recent developments, with an emphasis on the algebraic treatment of string backgrounds. Topics covered include basic concepts in conformal field theory with and without boundaries, the mathematical description of strings and D-branes, and the geometry of strongly curved spacetime. The book offers insights into string geometry that go beyond classical notions. Describing the theory from basic concepts, and providing numerous worked examples from conformal field theory and string theory, this reference is of interest to graduate students and researchers in physics and mathematics.
Boundary Element Method for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow: 2D MHD Duct Flow Problems (Surveys and Tutorials in the Applied Mathematical Sciences #14)
by Münevver Tezer-Sezgin Canan BozkayaBoundary Element Method for Magnetohydrodynamic Flow” offers one of the first systematic and detailed treatments of the application of boundary element method (BEM) to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow problems. It aims to fill in the gaps left by the earlier books on the application of BEM to some physical problems such as fluid dynamics, elasticity, and geophysics. An overview of the theory of MHD flow and a comprehensive mathematical formulation of BEM for convection-diffusion-type differential equations are provided by the authors, who heavily rely on their research and experience in the disciplines of BEM and MHD flow. The book first discusses the basic principles of the BEM approach for the MHD duct flow problems in coupled form with the fundamental solution derived by the authors. Specifically, the BEM solutions of MHD flow in pipes of rectangular or circular cross-sections, and MHD flow in infinite regions, are all covered emphasizing the convergence of infinite boundary integrals. This book, especially, concentrates on the MHD flow in regions with partly insulated partly perfectly conducting boundaries by BEM giving also the parabolic boundary layer thickness emanating from the points of discontinuities on the walls. The book secondly includes the dual reciprocity boundary element technique (DRBEM), an alternative form of BEM that expands the applicability of BEM to MHD flow and heat transfer problems as well as buoyancy MHD flow with magnetic potential and inductionless MHD flow. The purpose of the book is to serve as a research book for applied mathematicians, engineers, scientists, and graduate students who wish to learn in-depth about the formulation and application of BEM in MHD flow problems. As such, it is an invaluable resource and a major contribution to the numerical solution of MHD flow problems.
The Boundary Element Method in Geophysical Survey
by Balgaisha Mukanova Igor ModinThis volume is devoted to the application of the integral equations method (IEM) and boundary elements method (BEM) to problems involving the sounding of geological media using direct current (DC). Adaptive mesh generation algorithms and numerical methods for solving a system of integral equations are discussed. Integral equations for the media, which contains piecewise linear contact boundaries, immersed local inclusions, and subsurface relief, are derived and solved numerically. Both 2.5D and 3D models with ground surface relief are considered. For 2D conductivity distributions, the influence of the relief on the interpretation of results is shown. Search solutions of the direct problem with ground surface relief are compared using the appropriate interpretation of results based on different inversion programs.
Boundary Layer Climates
by T. R. OkeThis modern climatology textbook explains those climates formed near the ground in terms of the cycling of energy and mass through systems.
Boundary Physics and Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in Topological Phases of Matter (Springer Theses)
by Abhijeet AlaseThis thesis extends our understanding of systems of independent electrons by developing a generalization of Bloch’s Theorem which is applicable whenever translational symmetry is broken solely due to arbitrary boundary conditions. The thesis begins with a historical overview of topological condensed matter physics, placing the work in context, before introducing the generalized form of Bloch's Theorem. A cornerstone of electronic band structure and transport theory in crystalline matter, Bloch's Theorem is generalized via a reformulation of the diagonalization problem in terms of corner-modified block-Toeplitz matrices and, physically, by allowing the crystal momentum to take complex values. This formulation provides exact expressions for all the energy eigenvalues and eigenstates of the single-particle Hamiltonian. By precisely capturing the interplay between bulk and boundary properties, this affords an exact analysis of several prototypical models relevant to symmetry-protected topological phases of matter, including a characterization of zero-energy localized boundary excitations in both topological insulators and superconductors. Notably, in combination with suitable matrix factorization techniques, the generalized Bloch Hamiltonian is also shown to provide a natural starting point for a unified derivation of bulk-boundary correspondence for all symmetry classes in one dimension.
Boundary Value Problems for Linear Partial Differential Equations
by Manuel Mañas Luis Martínez AlonsoBoundary value problems play a significant role in modeling systems characterized by established conditions at their boundaries. On the other hand, initial value problems hold paramount importance in comprehending dynamic processes and foreseeing future behaviors. The fusion of these two types of problems yields profound insights into the intricacies of the conduct exhibited by many physical and mathematical systems regulated by linear partial differential equations.Boundary Value Problems for Linear Partial Differential Equations provides students with the opportunity to understand and exercise the benefits of this fusion, equipping them with realistic, practical tools to study solvable linear models of electromagnetism, fluid dynamics, geophysics, optics, thermodynamics and specifically, quantum mechanics. Emphasis is devoted to motivating the use of these methods by means of concrete examples taken from physical models. Features No prerequisites apart from knowledge of differential and integral calculus and ordinary differential equations. Provides students with practical tools and applications Contains numerous examples and exercises to help readers understand the concepts discussed in the book.
Bounded Noises in Physics, Biology, and Engineering (Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology)
by Alberto D'OnofrioSince the parameters in dynamical systems of biological interest are inherently positive and bounded, bounded noises are a natural way to model the realistic stochastic fluctuations of a biological system that are caused by its interaction with the external world. Bounded Noises in Physics, Biology, and Engineering is the first contributed volume devoted to the modeling of bounded noises in theoretical and applied statistical mechanics, quantitative biology, and mathematical physics. It gives an overview of the current state-of-the-art and is intended to stimulate further research. The volume is organized in four parts. The first part presents the main kinds of bounded noises and their applications in theoretical physics. The theory of bounded stochastic processes is intimately linked to its applications to mathematical and statistical physics, and it would be difficult and unnatural to separate the theory from its physical applications. The second is devoted to framing bounded noises in the theory of random dynamical systems and random bifurcations, while the third is devoted to applications of bounded stochastic processes in biology, one of the major areas of potential applications of this subject. The final part concerns the application of bounded stochastic processes in mechanical and structural engineering, the area where the renewed interest for non-Gaussian bounded noises started. Pure mathematicians working on stochastic calculus will find here a rich source of problems that are challenging from the point of view of contemporary nonlinear analysis. Bounded Noises in Physics, Biology, and Engineering is intended for scientists working on stochastic processes with an interest in both fundamental issues and applications. It will appeal to a broad range of applied mathematicians, mathematical biologists, physicists, engineers, and researchers in other fields interested in complexity theory. It is accessible to anyone with a working knowledge of stochastic modeling, from advanced undergraduates to senior researchers.
Boxing Pandora: Rethinking Borders, States, and Secession in a Democratic World
by Timothy William WatersA timely and provocative challenge to the foundations of our global order: why should national borders be unchangeable? The inviolability of national borders is an unquestioned pillar of the post–World War II international order. Fixed borders are believed to encourage stability, promote pluralism, and discourage nationalism and intolerance. But do they? What if fixed borders create more problems than they solve, and what if permitting borders to change would create more stability and produce more just societies? Legal scholar Timothy Waters examines this possibility, showing how we arrived at a system of rigidly bordered states and how the real danger to peace is not the desire of people to form new states but the capacity of existing states to resist that desire, even with violence. He proposes a practical, democratically legitimate alternative: a right of secession. With crises ongoing in the United Kingdom, Spain, Ukraine, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, and many other regions, this reassessment of the foundations of our international order is more relevant than ever.
Boy Scouts Handbook: The First Edition, 1911 (Dover Books On Americana Ser.)
by Boy Scouts of AmericaRead by presidents, scientists, and national heroes, the Boy Scouts Handbook has been used by generations of American youths. Filled with practical advice for everyone, the book contains everything from safety tips on swimming and instructions for putting up a tent to directions for making an aquarium and pointers on how to identify common North American trees.More than 200 figures and illustrations accompany valuable information on woodcrafting, camping, sailing, hiking, health and endurance, and providing first aid. But more than just a guide to outdoor life, the handbook also offers timeless observations on politeness, patriotism, and good citizenship.As useful and valid today as it was when first published nearly 100 years ago, the Boy Scouts Handbook will delight Americana enthusiasts as much as it will be treasured by collectors and nature lovers.
Boy, Were We Wrong About the Weather!
by Kathleen V. KudlinskiHurricaines, Thunder and Lightning, climate change, Wind, Rain. We were once wrong about all of these. But are we right now? Find out in the latest book in this award-winning series. Ancient Sumerian warriors used to think that lightning and thunder were caused by an angry weather god —boy, were they wrong! Even today once common ideas about how our weather and climate work are changing as new discoveries are being made. Kathleen V. Kudlinski and Sebastià Serra team up to debunk old—and sometimes silly—myths about weather and to celebrate the pioneers that made meteorology the science it is today. This award-winning series is especially meant for the budding scientist and is perfect for children who are fascinated by the natural world and how it works.
BP Blowout: Inside the Gulf Oil Disaster
by Daniel JacobsBP Blowout is the first comprehensive account of the legal, economic, and environmental consequences of the 2010 oil disaster in the Gulf of Mexico. The accident destroyed the Deepwater Horizon oil rig and killed eleven people. The resulting offshore oil discharge, the largest ever in the United States, polluted much of the Gulf for months, wreaking havoc on its inhabitants.A former Justice Department lawyer responsible for enforcing environmental laws, Daniel Jacobs tells the story that neither BP nor the federal government want heard: how the company and the government fell short, both in terms of preventing and coping with the accident.All-important details about the cause and aftermath of the disaster have emerged through court proceedings and with the passage of time. The key finding of the federal judge who presided over the civil litigation arising out of the disaster was that the Deepwater Horizon blowout resulted from BP's gross negligence.BP has paid tens of billions of dollars to settle claims and lawsuits arising from the accident. The company also has pled guilty to manslaughter in a separate criminal case. Yet, no one responsible for the accident itself is headed to prison. On the other hand, hundreds of people have been prosecuted for filing false claims against BP, some seventy-five of whom have been sentenced to prison.BP Blowout is an important book for readers interested in the environment, sustainability, public policy, leadership, and the consequences of poor risk management.
Braced Oil Dampers for Buildings: Development and Analytical Modeling
by Osamu Takahashi Atsuki YokoyamaThe high damping force of oil damper vibration control systems in buildingsoffers relative safety during earthquakes and at a low environmentalcost. The oil damper is connected using braces in series and is installed withpins to the building structure, which minimizes the impact on the buildingstructure and allows installation and removal with ease.This is the first book detailing experimental work and cases of the use ofoil dampers in buildings. It shows their effectiveness by detailing the testingand analysis of buildings with them placed at braced positions, exposed tosmall amplitude vibration, and without them.• The only comprehensive presentation of oil damper vibration control• Covers analysis and design, with case studies and details of testingand experimental resultsThe book is organized systematically to suit students and junior professionalsin structural design as well as more specialist engineers. An additionalPython code sample is available online for learning the behaviors of oildampers (Jupyter Notebook environment required).Osamu Takahashi is a professor at Tokyo University of Science, founderof Science Kozo Inc., and an advisor to the New International StructuralDesign & Engineering Challenge Association, in Japan.Atsuki Yokoyama works in the Research and Development Departmentof Sanwa Tekki Corporation and has a PhD in Engineering from TokyoUniversity of Science.
Bracing for Disaster: Earthquake-resistant Architecture and Engineering in San Francisco, 1838-1933
by Stephen TobrinerFor the past one hundred and fifty years, architects and engineers have quietly been learning from each quake and designing newer earthquake-resistant building techniques and applying them in an ongoing effort to save San Francisco. Bracing for Disaster is the first history of seismic engineering in San Francisco. In the language of a skilled teacher, Tobriner examines what really happened in the city's earthquakes—which buildings were damaged, which survived, and who were the unsung heroes—in a fresh appraisal of a city responding to repeated devastation. Filled with more than two hundred photographs, diagrams, and illustrations, this is a revealing look at the history of buildings by a true expert, and it offers lessons not just for San Francisco but for any city beset by natural disasters.
Bracing for Disaster: Earthquake-Resistant Architecture and Engineering in San Francisco, 1838–1933
by Stephen Tobriner&“The first history of seismic engineering in San Francisco . . . spiced with survivor and eyewitness accounts. &”—Midwest Book Review For the past one hundred and fifty years, architects and engineers have quietly been learning from each quake and designing newer earthquake-resistant building techniques and applying them in an ongoing effort to save San Francisco. Bracing for Disaster is a fresh appraisal of a city responding to repeated devastation. In the language of a skilled teacher, Tobriner examines what really happened during the city&’s earthquakes—which buildings were damaged, which survived, and who were the unsung heroes. Filled with more than two hundred photographs, diagrams, and illustrations, this is a revealing look at the history of buildings by a true expert, and it offers lessons not just for San Francisco but for any city beset by natural disasters. &“The real saga is how a fast-growing city grapples with the reality that it has more to worry about than fires and fog. The core of the story is fairly technical, rooted in the crude intuitive ways in which builders reacted to a seismic threat they could neither measure nor define. But Tobriner crafts the story well.&”—SFGate
The Brahmaputra River in Assam: Geomorphology, Hazards, and Natural Resources
by Siddhartha Kumar LahiriThis holistic book covers the richest area in North East India in terms of both explored and foreseen reserves of fossil fuels and other natural resources. Using a multidisciplinary approach, GIS, and geospatial data gathered from different case studies included, this book helps readers develop a thorough understanding of a highly dynamic big river, the Brahmaputra, and use it as a comprehensive resource for further understanding the science of rivers. It discusses the causal factors of decadal-scale fluvial dynamics, the nature of fluvial dynamics, lateral variability of the older flood plains and neotectonics in the shallow subsurface, and the overall trend of basin evolution at different depths.
Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge And The Teachings Of Plants
by Robin Wall KimmererAs a botanist, Robin Wall Kimmerer has been trained to ask questions of nature with the tools of science. As a member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, she embraces the notion that plants and animals are our oldest teachers. In Braiding Sweetgrass, Kimmerer brings these two lenses of knowledge together to take us on “a journey that is every bit as mythic as it is scientific, as sacred as it is historical, as clever as it is wise” (Elizabeth Gilbert). Drawing on her life as an indigenous scientist, and as a woman, Kimmerer shows how other living beings―asters and goldenrod, strawberries and squash, salamanders, algae, and sweetgrass―offer us gifts and lessons, even if we've forgotten how to hear their voices. In reflections that range from the creation of Turtle Island to the forces that threaten its flourishing today, she circles toward a central argument: that the awakening of ecological consciousness requires the acknowledgment and celebration of our reciprocal relationship with the rest of the living world. For only when we can hear the languages of other beings will we be capable of understanding the generosity of the earth, and learn to give our own gifts in return.
Braiding Sweetgrass / Una trenza de hierba sagrada (Spanish edition): Sabiduría indígena, conocimiento científico y las enseñanzas de las plantas
by Robin Wall KimmererUno de los libros más importantes de nuestros tiempos, que nos invita a descubrir un nuevo lenguaje para comunicarnos con la naturaleza y recibir sus enseñanzas. Como mujer indígena, Robin Wall Kimmerer es heredera de un valioso legado que considera a los animales y las plantas nuestros mejores maestros. Como botánica, se ha valido del rigor científico para estudiar mejor la naturaleza. Y como madre, profesora y escritora, ha dedicado su vida a conjugar ambas perspectivas para abogar por un despertar de la consciencia ecológica que reconozca y celebre nuestra profunda conexión con otras formas de vida.En Una trenza de hierba sagrada, la autora entreteje experiencias y saberes en una serie de relatos iluminadores y emotivos que nos inspiran a fortalecer nuestra relación sagrada con la Madre Tierra. Cada capítulo es una magnífica lección de gratitud y reciprocidad, que nos recuerda que, si ofrecemos nuestros dones al mundo y lo ayudamos a sanar, este nos retribuirá con la armonía y el bienestar que tanto anhelamos.Bestseller del New York TimesBestseller del Washington PostBestseller del Los Angeles Times«Mejor Colección de Ensayos de la Década» según Literary Hub———A masterpiece of our times, inviting us to discover a new language for communicating with nature and receiving its lessons.As a Native American woman, Robin Wall Kimmerer is the heir to a valuable legacy that views animals and plants as our greatest and oldest teachers. As a botanist, she leverages scientific knowledge to better understand nature. And as a mother, teacher, and writer, she has dedicated her life to blending these perspectives and advocate for an awakening of ecological consciousness that acknowledges and celebrates our deep connection with other forms of life.In Braiding Sweetgrass, the author weaves together experiences and knowledge in a series of illuminating and emotional stories that inspire us to reinvigorate our sacred relationship with Mother Earth. Each chapter offers a magnificent lesson in gratitude and reciprocity, reminding us that if we contribute our gifts to the world and help it heal, it will reward us with the harmony and wellness we are yearning for.A New York Times BestsellerA Washington Post BestsellerA Los Angeles Times BestsellerNamed a “Best Essay Collection of the Decade” by Literary Hub
Brains On! Presents...Road Trip Earth: Explore Our Awesome Planet, from Core to Shore and So Much More
by Molly Bloom Marc Sanchez Sanden TottenThe creators of the award-winning science podcast for kids, Brains On!, take readers on a humorous, highly illustrated, fact- and fun-filled journey through Earth—from the core, to the outer atmosphere, and everywhere in between. Perfect for STEM enthusiasts!Did you ever wonder why volcanoes erupt? Or why the ocean is salty? How about why no two snowflakes are the same?Embark on an epic road trip to find the answers to these burning questions and more! The Brains On! team is traveling from deep inside the earth, through the oceans, the land, the clouds, and even into the outer atmosphere in their high-tech ride—to uncover the coolest facts, strangest mysteries, and most incredible marvels of our planet.Packed with scientific research, mind-boggling trivia, and laugh-out-loud jokes, this highly illustrated fact-filled exploration of the earth promises a brain-bending, jaw-dropping, belly-laughing good time that curious kids and budding scientists won&’t be able to resist.Turn your BRAINS ON! with more books and check out:Brains On! Presents...It's AliveBrains On! Presents...Earth Friend Forever
The Branches of Ecology: A 20th Century History
by Frank N. EgertonThe ecological sciences are a diverse array of major scientific disciplines. They grew from minor sciences, with little status in 1900, and now occupy crucial areas of research bearing on the future of our planet. This book describes a century of growth and development. A dramatic century-long rise in the status of ecological knowledge was accompanied by the rise of professional ecological organizations, the establishment of university faculties, and the creation of government agencies advising on conservation, natural resources, and the prevention of pollution. Like all sciences, ecology continues to yield new findings and surprising revelations. New technologies now address existential challenges facing our world. This book, documenting the rise of ecology, is an inspiring history portending an important role in the twenty-first century.Key Features: The author is the acknowledged authority on the history of ecology The content is familiar to members of the Ecological Society of America but has not previously been assembled into a single narrative Appropriate for a course in the history of ecology Provides a broad perspective on ecology Related Titles:Egerton, F. N. A Centennial History of the Ecological Society of America (ISBN 978-0-3673-7763-2).Rieppel, O. Phylogenetic Systematics: Haeckel to Hennig (ISBN 978-0-3678-7645-6)Dronamraju, K. A Century of Geneticists: Mutation to Medicine (ISBN 978-1-4987-4866-7)
Brand New Ireland?: Tourism, Development and National Identity in the Irish Republic (New Directions In Tourism Analysis Ser.)
by Michael ClancyWhat role does the state have over national development within an increasingly globalized economy? Moreover, how do we conceive 'nationality' during periods of rapid economic and social change spurred on by globalization? By examining tourism in the Republic of Ireland over the past 20 years, Michael Clancy addresses these questions of national identity formation, as well as providing a detailed understanding of the political economy of tourism and development. He explores tourism's role in the 'Celtic Tiger' phenomenon and uses tourism as a lens for observing national identity formation in a period of rapid change.