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Volcanism and Subduction
by Pavel Izbekov Evgenii Gordeev Jonathan Lees Minoru Kasahara John EichelbergerPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 172.The Kamchatka Peninsula and contiguous North Pacific Rim is among the most active regions in the world. Kamchatka itself contains 29 active volcanoes, 4 now in a state of semi-continuous eruption, and I has experienced 14 magnitude 7 or greater earthquakes since accurate recording began in 1962. At its heart is the uniquely acute subduction cusp where the Kamchatka and Aleutian Arcs and Emperor Seamount Chain meet.Volcanism and Subduction covers coupled magmatism and tectonics in this spectacular region, where the torn North Pacific slab dives into hot mantle. Senior Russian and American authors grapple with the dynamics of the cusp with perspectives from the west and east of it, respectively, while careful tephrostratigraphy yields a remarkably precise record of behavior of storied volcanoes such as Kliuchevskoi and Shiveluch. Towards the south, Japanese researchers elucidate subduction earthquake processes with unprecedented geodetic resolution. Looking eastward, new insights on caldera formation, monitoring, and magma ascent are presented for the Aleutians.This is one of the first books of its kind printed in the English language. Students and scientists beginning research in the region will find in this book a useful context and introduction to the region's scientific leaders. Others who wish to apply lessons learned in the North Pacific to their areas of interest will find the volume a valuable reference.
Volcano Cowboys: The Rocky Evolution of a Dangerous Science
by Dick ThompsonTwenty years ago, Mt. St. Helens, in Washington State, "blew. " It was the volcano's first eruption in recorded time, although as early as 1978 a team of scientists from the US Geological Survey had labeled it "the most dangerous volcano in the Cascade Range. " In June 1991, Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines spewed forth its own mix of ash, gases, mud, lava, and all the other debris that had been building within the mountain for centuries. Between those two events, USGS scientists had been working at warp speed to learn more about predicting violent eruptions. Data from the nation's only Volcano Center was not helpful. Work there centered on volcanoes that responded to interior pressure by quietly releasing a slow-moving flow of lava, rather than spewing its entrails out in a blast. Survey members were presented with a rare opportunity when Mt. St. Helens showed signs of activity. Camped on the mountains flanks, daring the crater itself, they dug out rocks, tended recorders, began to learn how to use newly developed instruments. Here was an active volcano, believed to be on the verge of eruption by some, if not all, experts. Along with new instruments they had computer programs that saved them days and weeks of work. They learned techniques that revealed the dates of previous major eruptions and provided patterns for future predictions. After the eruption, studying Mt. St. Helens and other volcanoes, they learned more and more. By the time a newly-active Pinatubo threatened tens of thousands of villagers and the U. S. military's Clark Air Force Base, the men of the USGS were far better able to feel secure in urging local authorities and the Air Force brass to evacuate. It was still a gamble, but the odds were far better. And the work goes on. Thompson, a veteran science reporter for Time Magazine, spent many hours with the relative handful of scientists whom he calls "volcano cowboys. " (Considering their lifestyle and their rugged "laboratories" - the volcanoes themselves - the sobriquet is earned. ) They have loaned him their field notes, and one geologist gave him his as yet unpublished autobiography. The vivid material and Thompson's skill in bringing a good story to life has resulted in a book that celebrates these "cowboys" their tough and hazardous lives and the often harrowing decisions they must make.
Volcano!
by Amy TaoWhen volcanoes blow their top, watch out! They can blast out dangerous lava, rocks, ash, and steam that can contain clouds of poisonous gas. But when lava cools, it becomes rock, which in turn creates new land.
Volcano-Tectonic Processes (Advances in Volcanology)
by Valerio AcocellaVolcanoes have terrified and, at the same time, fascinated civilizations for thousands of years. Many aspects of volcanoes, most notably the eruptive processes and the compositional variations of magma, have been widely investigated for several decades and today constitute the core of any volcanology textbook. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, boosted by the availability of volcano monitoring data, there has been an increasing interest in the pre-eruptive processes related to the shallow accumulation and to the transfer of magma approaching the surface, as well as in the resulting structure of volcanoes. These are innovative and essential aspects of modern volcanology and, as driving volcanic unrest, their understanding also improves hazard assessment and eruption forecasting. So far, the significant progress made in unravelling these volcano-tectonic processes has not been supported by a comprehensive overview.This monograph aims at filling this gap, describing the pre-eruptive processes related to the structure, deformation and tectonics of volcanoes, at the local and regional scale, in any tectonic setting. The monograph is organized into three sections (“Fundamentals”, “Magma migration towards the surface” and “The regional perspective”), consisting of thirteen chapters that are lavishly illustrated. The reader is accompanied in a journey within the volcano factory, discovering the processes associated with the shallow accumulation of magma and its transfer towards the surface, how these control the structure of volcanoes and their activity and, ultimately, improve our ability to estimate hazard and forecast eruption.The potential readership includes any academic, researcher and upper undergraduate student interested in volcanology, magma intrusions, structural geology, tectonics, geodesy, as well as geology and geophysics in general.
Volcano: A Memoir of Hawai'i
by Garrett HongoLuminous work of natural history, Volcano tells what happened when Hongo returned to his birthplace in Hawai'i, as a young man, to reclaim its dreamlike landscape and his own elusive past. A magnificant evocation of heritage and place.
Volcano: The Eruption and Healing of Mount St. Helens
by Patricia Lauber<b>May 18, 1980, 8:32 A. M. :</b> An earthquake suddenly triggered an avalanche on Mount St. Helens, a volcano in southern Washington State. Minutes later, Mount St. Helens blew the top off its peak and exploded into the most devastating volcanic eruption in U. S. history. <P>What caused the eruption? What was left when it ended? What did scientists learn in its aftermath? In this extraordinary photographic essay, Patricia Lauber details the Mount St. Helens eruption and the years following. Through this clear accurate account, readers of all ages will share the awe of the scientists who witnessed both the power of the volcano and the resiliency of life.<P><P> <b>Newbery Medal Honor book</b>
Volcanoes
by Elaine LandauWhat makes the earth quake, rivers flood, and volcanoes blow their tops? How do natural forces become natural disasters? Buckle your seatbelts and get ready for a bumpy ride to the center of the earth for a look at some of the wildest phenomena in the history of earth science!
Volcanoes
by Gail GibbonsRumbling, hissing, shaking. . .a volcano is about to erupt! Learn all about volcanoes, from tectonic plates to what do when there is a volcanic warning, in this primer for young readers. Did you know there are four main types of volcanoes? Or that volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct? The Devil&’s Tower in Wyoming is an extinct volcano. It&’s about 40.5 million years old!Gail Gibbons explores the hows and whys of volcanoes, using direct sentences, maps, infographics, and illustrations. Readers will learn about the four layers of the earth, the basics of plate tectonics, the different types of volcanoes, and much more. Fully vetted by a working volcanologist, this book is perfect for earth science lovers and aspiring volcanologists. This title is part of the Explore the World . . . with Gail Gibbons series, which promotes active learning, good citizenship, and student leadership.
Volcanoes
by National Geographic LearningThis book shows where and how volcanoes form and what happens when they erupt.
Volcanoes
by Nell Cross BeckermanThe team behind the acclaimed book Caves returns with an enticing exploration of one of the most explosive wonders on the planet--Volcanoes!A rumble. A tremble. A grumble. Growing, growling, getting hot. When will it...POP?!Using evocative storytelling, Nell Cross Beckerman leads children on an adventure through the radioactive wonders that are volcanoes. From deep down on the ocean floor to extraterrestrial volcanoes, Beckerman guides readers with dramatic, poetic language. Nonfiction text on every page allows for deeper understanding of the topic.Illustrator Kalen Chock's stunning illustrations have been praised as "atmospheric" and "striking," and readers will be delighted as each new page brings a new surprise. Extensive backmatter includes an author's note, additional information on the types of volcanic eruptions and the questions volcanologists are trying to answer, and additional facts. An ideal choice for nature lovers, future explorers, and fans of Jason Chin and Kate Messner.
Volcanoes
by Seymour Simon<P>Exceptional nonfiction for children from two of the most trusted names in science education: Seymour Simon and the Smithsonian Institution. <P>[This text is listed as an example that meets Common Core Standards in English language arts in grades 4-5 at http://www.corestandards.org.]
Volcanoes & Wine: From Pompeii to Napa
by Charles FrankelThere’s a reason we pay top dollar for champagne and that bottles of wine from prestige vineyards cost as much as a car: a place’s distinct geographical attributes, known as terroir to wine buffs, determine the unique profile of a wine—and some rarer locales produce wines that are particularly coveted. In Volcanoes and Wine, geologist Charles Frankel introduces us to the volcanoes that are among the most dramatic and ideal landscapes for wine making. Traveling across regions wellknown to wine lovers like Sicily, Oregon, and California, as well as the less familiar places, such as the Canary Islands, Frankel gives an in-depth account of famous volcanoes and the wines that spring from their idiosyncratic soils. From Santorini’s vineyards of rocky pumice dating back to a four-thousand-year-old eruption to grapes growing in craters dug in the earth of the Canary Islands, from Vesuvius’s famous Lacryma Christi to the ambitious new generation of wine growers reviving the traditional grapes of Mount Etna, Frankel takes us across the stunning and dangerous world of volcanic wines. He details each volcano’s most famous eruptions, the grapes that grow in its soils, and the people who make their homes on its slopes, adapting to an ever-menacing landscape. In addition to introducing the history and geology of these volcanoes, Frankel's book serves as a travel guide, offering a host of tips ranging from prominent vineyards to visit to scenic hikes in each location. This illuminating guide will be indispensable for wine lovers looking to learn more about volcanic terroirs, as well as anyone curious about how cultural heritage can survive and thrive in the shadow of geological danger.
Volcanoes (Early Bird Earth Science)
by Sally M. WalkerThis book introduces young readers to volcanoes--what they are, how they form, and how they affect people.
Volcanoes (Readers)
by Anne SchreiberThe cool story of volcanoes will intrigue kids and adults alike. Hot melted rock from the middle of our planet forces its way up through cracks in the Earth&’s crusts, exploding violently and sometimes unexpectedly in volcanic fury that can terrorize populations for months, even years. Anne Schreiber&’s narrative gives readers a little of the science, a little of the history, and a lot of the action. National Geographic photography fires the imagination on dramatic spreads alive with vivid images of lava, ash, molten rock, weird rocks, and steaming seawater.
Volcanoes (Worldlife Library)
by Peter ClarksonWhat are volcanoes? Where and why do they happen? The aim of this book is to answer these questions and to explain one of the great natural wonders of the Earth. Volcano! Just the mention of the word creates a mental picture, which varies with the listener's own perception. An artist may think of the classical shape of Mount Fuji; a historian may recall the destruction of Pompeii by Vesuvius; a geologist may speculate about the gas content of the lava in relation to its viscosity; a newspaper editor may see the scope for spectacular photographs and stories of human suffering and heroism that will boost newspaper circulation. Whatever thoughts spring to mind, nobody can be but impressed by the awful power of a volcanic eruption and the devastation that may be caused.
Volcanoes And Earthquakes (INsiders)
by Ken RubinINsiders brings volcanoes & earthquakes to life, with the most up-to-date information stimulating minds and imaginations in a whole new way.
Volcanoes and Earthquakes
by Mary EltingDiscusses how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur and how they can be predicted.
Volcanoes and Earthquakes (Professor Hoot's Science Comics #4)
by Jen GreenEvery day brings a new adventure for Professor Hoot - and a new learning experience. There's a plume of smoke in the distance, it looks like a volcano has erupted! Professor Hoot sets off to investigate all about volcanoes and how they are formed, all while avoiding smoky feathers! Discover other natural distasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides - and what to do in such events.An entertaining comic strip approach to KS1 science topics, Professor Hoot's Science Comics are accessible and full of fun. Each book is an adventure and a chance for readers to learn something new, before testing their knowledge at the end of each book in Professor Hoot's quiz. Collect each adventure: Big Machines; Dangerous Animals; Dinosaurs; Robots and AI; Space; Volcanoes and Earthquakes.
Volcanoes and Geysers (Rigby PM Plus Non Fiction Ruby (Levels 27-28), Fountas & Pinnell Select Collections Grade 3 Level Q)
by Mary DraperThis text introduces children to volcanoes and volcanic activity. It also describes the effect of volcanic activity upon the environment. Other text forms include diagrams, explanations and a newspaper report.
Volcanoes and Other Natural Disasters (Dk Readers Series Dorling Kindersley Readers)
by Dorling Kindersley Publishing Staff Harriet GriffeyDescribes natural disasters which have occurred in various places throughout the world including the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 A.D., the Yellow River flood in 1887, and the Australian bush fires in 1983.
Volcanoes in Human History
by Jelle Zeilinga de Boer Donald Theodore Sanders Robert D. BallardWhen the volcano Tambora erupted in Indonesia in 1815, as many as 100,000 people perished as a result of the blast and an ensuing famine caused by the destruction of rice fields on Sumbawa and neighboring islands. Gases and dust particles ejected into the atmosphere changed weather patterns around the world, resulting in the infamous ''year without a summer'' in North America, food riots in Europe, and a widespread cholera epidemic. And the gloomy weather inspired Mary Shelley to write the gothic novel Frankenstein.This book tells the story of nine such epic volcanic events, explaining the related geology for the general reader and exploring the myriad ways in which the earth's volcanism has affected human history. Zeilinga de Boer and Sanders describe in depth how volcanic activity has had long-lasting effects on societies, cultures, and the environment. After introducing the origins and mechanisms of volcanism, the authors draw on ancient as well as modern accounts--from folklore to poetry and from philosophy to literature. Beginning with the Bronze Age eruption that caused the demise of Minoan Crete, the book tells the human and geological stories of eruptions of such volcanoes as Vesuvius, Krakatau, Mount Pelée, and Tristan da Cunha. Along the way, it shows how volcanism shaped religion in Hawaii, permeated Icelandic mythology and literature, caused widespread population migrations, and spurred scientific discovery.From the prodigious eruption of Thera more than 3,600 years ago to the relative burp of Mount St. Helens in 1980, the results of volcanism attest to the enduring connections between geology and human destiny.
Volcanoes of the Azores (Active Volcanoes of the World)
by Ulrich Kueppers Christoph BeierThe Azores archipelago consists of nine islands that emerge from the Azores Plateau in the Central Northern Atlantic, situated within the triple junction of the American, Eurasian and African lithosphere plates. Subaerial volcanic activity has been well known since the Pliocene and continues today, with several well-documented eruptions since the settlement of the islands in the fifteenth century. The origin of the Azores Plateau has been a matter of scientific debate and thus this book provides the first comprehensive overview of geological features in the Azores from volcanological, geochemical, petrological, paleontological, structural and hydrological perspectives
Volcanoes on Earth
by Bobbie KalmanDramatic photographs of spewing and flowing lava will capture the attention of any child. in this fantastic new book, children will be excited to learn what a volcano is and what makes it erupt. Simple explanations describe the different kinds of volcanoes, including cinder, cone-shaped, shield, and composite as well as the different kinds of lava and the land formations they create on land and under the ocean. Other topics include the reason volcanoes often erupt during earthquakes, why giant tsunami waves are sometimes created by underwater earthquakes, and how volcanoes are studied in order to predict and prepare for eruptions. Children will also enjoy making their own volcano out of household materials.
Volcanoes!
by Anne SchreiberThe cool story of volcanoes will intrigue kids and adults alike. Hot melted rock from the middle of our planet forces its way up through cracks in the Earth’s crusts, exploding violently and sometimes unexpectedly in volcanic fury that can terrorize populations for months, even years. Anne Schreiber’s narrative gives readers a little of the science, a little of the history, and a lot of the action.
Volcanoes!
by Helen DwyerProduces the facts on volcanoes, like what is a volcano, where they are found, and basic information on the same