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Urbanism in the Age of Climate Change
by Peter Calthorpe"Cities are green" is becoming a common refrain. But Calthorpe argues that a more comprehensive understanding of urbanism at the regional scale provides a better platform to address climate change. In this groundbreaking new work, he shows how such regionally scaled urbanism can be combined with green technology to achieve not only needed reductions in carbon emissions but other critical economies and lifestyle benefits. Rather than just providing another checklist of new energy sources or one dimensional land use alternatives, he combines them into comprehensive national growth scenarios for 2050 and documents their potential impacts. In so doing he powerfully demonstrates that it will take an integrated approach of land use transformation, policy changes, and innovative technology to transition to a low carbon economy. To accomplish this Calthorpe synthesizes thirty years of experience, starting with his ground breaking work in sustainable community design in the 1980s following through to his current leadership in transit-oriented design, regional planning, and land use policy. Peter Calthorpe shows us what is possible using real world examples of innovative design strategies and forward-thinking policies that are already changing the way we live. This provocative and engaging work emerges from Calthorpe's belief that, just as the last fifty years produced massive changes in our culture, economy and environment, the next fifty will generate changes of an even more profound nature. The book, enhanced by its superb four-color graphics, is a call to action and a road map for moving forward.
Urbanismus und Verkehr: Beitrag zu einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Mobilitätsorganisation
by Helmut HolzapfelDas Sachbuch, jetzt in der dritten erneut überarbeiteten Auflage beinahe schon ein Klassiker der interdisziplinär begriffenen Verkehrs- und Stadtforschung, ist aktueller denn je. Es vermittelt auf kluge Weise Kenntnisse, der historischen und sozio-kulturellen Wurzeln einer einseitig vom Automobil dominierten Perspektive der Verkehrsplanung. Es zeigt die Entwicklung einer von fossiler Energie getriebenen Planung, die seit Jahrzehnten die sozialen und ökologischen Systeme überfordert, und vermittelt darüber hinaus Lösungsansätze, für eine menschengerechtere Stadt- und Verkehrsorganisation, die nicht ihr Heil in der Distanzüberwindung findet, sondern Qualität in der Nähe. Das völlig neu konzipierte Schlusskapitel zeigt eindringlich, dass der Wandel in Transport und Verkehr, oft als Verkehrswende bezeichnet, ohne einen radikalen Paradigmenwechsel in Verhalten, Städtebau und Mobilitätsorganisation nicht gelingen kann. Die 3. Auflage wird mit einem Vorwort von Jens Hilgenberg, Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland e.V. (BUND), eingeleitet.
Urbanismus und Verkehr: Beitrag zu einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Mobilitätsorganisation
by Helmut HolzapfelDas Sachbuch, jetzt in der vierten überarbeiteten Auflage beinahe schon ein Klassiker der interdisziplinär begriffenen Verkehrs- und Stadtforschung, ist aktueller denn je. Es vermittelt auf kluge Weise Kenntnisse der historischen und sozio-kulturellen Wurzeln einer einseitig vom Automobil dominierten Perspektive der Verkehrsplanung. Es zeigt die Entwicklung einer von fossiler Energie getriebenen Planung, die seit Jahrzehnten die sozialen und ökologischen Systeme überfordert, und vermittelt darüber hinaus Lösungsansätze für eine menschengerechtere Stadt- und Verkehrsorganisation, die Qualität in der Nähe fördert und nicht ihr Heil in der Distanzüberwindung findet. Im völlig neuen Schlusskapitel werden aus einer kritischen Analyse der bisherigen Ansätze einer Mobilitätswende Wege zu erfolgsversprechenden Strategien alternativer Stadt- und Verkehrsplanung erarbeitet.
Urbanization and Climate Co-Benefits: Implementation of win-win interventions in cities (Routledge Advances in Climate Change Research)
by Christopher N.H. Doll and Jose A. Puppim de OliveiraUrban areas are increasingly contributing to climate change while also suffering many of its impacts. Moreover, many cities, particularly in developing countries, continue to struggle to provide services, infrastructure and socio-economic opportunities. How do we achieve the global goals on climate change and also make room for allowing global urban development? Increasing levels of awareness and engagement on climate change at the local level, coupled with recent global agreements on climate and development goals, as well as the New Urban Agenda emerging from Habitat III, present an unprecedented opportunity to radically rethink how we develop and manage our cities. Urbanization and Climate Co-Benefits examines the main opportunities and challenges to the implementation of a co-benefits approach in urban areas. Drawing on the results of empirical research carried out in Brazil, China, Indonesia, South Africa, India and Japan, the book is divided into two parts. The first part uses a common framework to analyse co-benefits across the urban sectors. The second part examines the tools and legal and governance perspectives at the local and international level that can help in planning for co-benefits. This book will be of great interest to students, practitioners and scholars of urban studies, climate/development policy and environmental studies.
Urbanization and Production of Space: A Multi-scalar Empirical Study Based on China's Cases (Urban Sustainability)
by Chao Ye Liang ZhuangThis book studies China’s urbanization with the theory of production of space. The authors redefine the production of space and build a new theoretical framework for understanding the evolving relations between urbanization and spatial production. Since the reform and opening-up, especially in the last twenty years, the logic of spatial production has dominated China’s urbanization. The authors choose the most representative cases, such as the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, Jiangsu Province, National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, New Urban District, State-Level New Area, University Town, and some villages, to conduct a series of empirical studies on production of space at the macro-, meso-, and micro-scales. Through an in-depth analysis of the interaction between social spaces and urbanization influenced by power, capital, and class, the book reveals that the essence of China’s urbanization is dominated by the logic of spatial production. The authors finally propose that an important shift toward humanism should be made in the future development of China’s new-type urbanization, emphasizing more even and adequate development between different regions and between urban and rural areas, which also provides new ideas for the theory and practice of urbanization worldwide.This book can be read and referenced by researchers in the fields of urban and regional studies, geography, sociology, urban and rural planning, management, etc. It can also be used as a teaching reference book for teachers, researchers, and students of scientific research institutions in related fields.
Urbanization and Regional Sustainability in South Asia: Socio-economic Drivers, Environmental Pressures and Policy Responses (Contemporary South Asian Studies)
by Sumana Bandyopadhyay Chitta Ranjan Pathak Tomaz Ponce DentinhoThis book examines urbanization and migration processes in South Asia. By analyzing the socio-economic impacts and infrastructural, environmental and institutional aspects of different conurbations, it highlights conflicts over agricultural land as well as the effects on health, education, poverty and the welfare of children, women and old people. The authors also explore issues of mobility; connectivity and accessibility of public services, and discuss the effective use of new urban-management tools, such as the concept of smart cities and urban spatial monitoring.
Urbanization and Sustainability
by Christopher G Boone Michail FragkiasCase studies explore the Million Trees initiative in Los Angeles; the relationship of cap-and-trade policy, public health, greenhouse gas emissions and environmental justice in Southern California; Urbanization, vulnerability and environmental justice in the Brazilian cities of Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba and São Paulo, and in Antofagasta, Greater Concepción and Valparaiso in Chile; Sociospatial patterns of vulnerability in the American southwest; and Urban flood control and land use planning in Greater Taipei, Taiwan ROC.
Urbanization and Urban Planning in Capitalist Society (Routledge Library Editions: Urban Planning #7)
by Michael Dear and Allen J. ScottOriginally published in 1981, Urbanization and Urban Planning in Capitalist Society, is a comprehensive collection of papers addressing urban crises. Through a synthesis of current discussions around various critical approaches to the urban question, the book defines a general theory of urbanization and urban planning in capitalist society. It examines the conceptual preliminaries necessary for the establishment of capitalist theory and provides a theoretical exposition of the fundamental logic of urbanization and urban planning. It also provides a detailed discussion of commodity production and its effects on urban development.
Urbanization in Israel (Routledge Library Editions: Urbanization #3)
by Elisha EfratOriginally published in 1984, Urbanization in Israel describes the urban geography of Israel, and analyses the development of urban settlements from the beginning of the 21st century. The book places special emphasis on the period since Israeli statehood and describes urbanization from a geographic, historic and planning point of view. Using a series of examples to demonstrate the process, the book looks at Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Haifa, the old historic towns, the agricultural settlements which became towns, and the new development towns which have been established after 1948. This book will appeal to academics of geography with a focus on the development of the Middle East.
Urbanization in Post-Apartheid South Africa (Routledge Library Editions: Urbanization #9)
by Richard TomlinsonOriginally published in 1990, Urbanization in Post-Apartheid South Africa examines the democratic future of South Africa in the context of policy options and constraints. The book looks at the issue of South Africa’s future including access to land and housing, marked regional differences in well-being, large peri-urban settlements arising around all major towns, and racial inequalities in access to farming land. The book will be of interest to students of urbanization, geography, economics and planning and African studies.
Urbanization in Socialist Countries (Routledge Library Editions: Urbanization #6)
by Jiri MusilOriginally published in 1980, Urbanization in Socialist Countries addresses the complex situation in urban policy development in European Socialist countries. The book examines the urban policy situation in eight countries and provides an analytical framework that addresses the fundamental issues they have faced. The book focuses on the system of settlement and on such problems as its regulation, as well as analysis of the goals, instruments and techniques used in planning the urbanization process in different socialist countries. The book aims to throw light on the basic premises underlying the formulation of urbanization concepts and reveal their main features and lines of development.
Urbanization, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities
by Robert I. Mcdonald Michail Fragkias Burak Güneralp Thomas Elmqvist Julie Goodness Peter J. Marcotullio Susan Parnell Maria Schewenius Marte Sendstad Karen C. Seto Cathy WilkinsonUrbanization is a global phenomenon and the book emphasizes that this is not just a social-technological process. It is also a social-ecological process where cities are places for nature, and where cities also are dependent on, and have impacts on, the biosphere at different scales from local to global. The book is a global assessment and delivers four main conclusions: Urban areas are expanding faster than urban populations. Half the increase in urban land across the world over the next 20 years will occur in Asia, with the most extensive change expected to take place in India and China Urban areas modify their local and regional climate through the urban heat island effect and by altering precipitation patterns, which together will have significant impacts on net primary production, ecosystem health, and biodiversity Urban expansion will heavily draw on natural resources, including water, on a global scale, and will often consume prime agricultural land, with knock-on effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services elsewhere Future urban expansion will often occur in areas where the capacity for formal governance is restricted, which will constrain the protection of biodiversity and management of ecosystem services
Urbanization: Proceedings Of The 9th Suitma Congress (Springer Geography)
by Jean Louis Morel Elvira Dovletyarova Viacheslav Vasenev Zhongqi Cheng Tatiana V. Prokof’eva Nadezhda D. AnanyevaThis proceedings volume focuses on different aspects of environmental assessment, monitoring, and management of urban and technogenic soils. Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas (SUITMAs) differ substantially from their natural zonal counterparts in their physical, chemical and biological features, their performed functions, and supported services.This book discusses the monitoring, analysis and assessment of the effects of urbanization on soil functions and services. Further, it helps to find solutions to the environmental consequences of urbanization and discusses best management practices such as management and design of urban green infrastructure, waste management, water purification, and reclamation and remediation of contaminated soils in the context of sustainable urban development.The book includes thematic sections corresponding to 14 sessions of the SUITMA 9 congress, covering broad topics that highlight the importance of urban soils for society and environment and summarizing the lessons learned and existing methodologies in analyses, assessments, and modeling of anthropogenic effects on soils and the related ecological risks.This proceedings book appeals to scientists and students as well as practitioners in soil and environmental science, urban planning, geography and related disciplines, and provides useful information for policy makers and other stakeholders working in urban management and greenery.
Urbicide: The Death of the City (The Urban Book Series)
by Fernando Carrión Mena Paulina Cepeda PicoThis book uses the reflection of academics specialized in the urban area of Latin America, Europe and the United States, to initiate a comparative debate of the different dynamics in which Urbicidio expresses itself. The field or focal point of analysis that this publication approaches is the city, but under a new critical perspective of inverse methodology to that has been traditional used. It is about understanding the structural causes of self-destruction to finally thinking better and then going from pessimism to optimism.It is a deep look at the city from an unconventional entrance, because it is about knowing and analyzing what the city loses by the action deployed by own urbanites, both in the field of its production and in the field of its consumption. This suppose that the city does not have an ascending linear sequential evolution in its development but neither in each of its parts in the improvement process, showing the face that commonly not seen but others live. The category used for this purpose is that of Urbicidio or the death of the city, which contributes theoretically and methodologically to the knowledge of the city, as well as to the design of urban policies that neutralize it. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the book has an inclusive view of the authors. For this reason, gender parity, territorial representation and the presence of age groups have been sought.
Urgency in the Anthropocene
by Amanda H. Lynch Siri VelandA proposal to reframe the Anthropocene as an age of actual and emerging coexistence with earth system variability, encompassing both human dignity and environmental sustainability. Is this the Anthropocene, the age in which humans have become a geological force, leaving indelible signs of their activities on the earth? The narrative of the Anthropocene so far is characterized by extremes, emergencies, and exceptions—a tale of apocalypse by our own hands. The sense of ongoing crisis emboldens policy and governance responses that challenge established systems of sovereignty and law. The once unacceptable—geoengineering technology, for example, or authoritarian decision making—are now anticipated and even demanded by some. To counter this, Amanda Lynch and Siri Veland propose a reframing of the Anthropocene—seeing it not as a race against catastrophe but as an age of emerging coexistence with earth system variability. Lynch and Veland examine the interplay between our new state of ostensible urgency and the means by which this urgency is identified and addressed. They examine how societies, including Indigenous societies, have understood such interplays; explore how extreme weather and climate weave into the Anthropocene narrative; consider the tension between the short time scale of disasters and the longer time scale of sustainability; and discuss both international and national approaches to Anthropocene governance. Finally, they argue for an Anthropocene of coexistence that embraces both human dignity and sustainability.
Urgent Message from a Hot Planet: Navigating the Climate Crisis (Orca Issues #6)
by Ann ErikssonThe climate crisis is the issue of our time. Scientists have warned for over 100 years that burning fossil fuels and destroying nature will warm the earth's atmosphere and affect the climate in adverse ways: more severe and intense storms, prolonged heat waves, drought, flooding, wildfires, rising sea levels and ocean acidification. Urgent Message from a Hot Planet: Navigating the Climate Crisis outlines the science behind global heating and its root causes, provides ways to take action and honors the efforts of the millions of youth and adult allies from around the world working tirelessly to make a difference. Their powerful message: do something now!
Ursprung und Entwicklung des Lebens: Eine Einführung in die Paläobiologie
by Johannes SanderSie wollten schon immer einmal wissen, wie das Leben begann, sich entfaltete und schließlich zu seiner heutigen Form fand? Das vorliegende Buch bietet Ihnen einen kurzen, gleichzeitig aber auch umfassenden Einblick in diese spannende Entwicklung. Ausgehend von den kosmischen Prozessen, die die Voraussetzungen für die Entstehung von Leben auf der Erde schufen, über die Entstehung des Lebens selbst bis hin zu der weiteren Evolution des Lebens über die Jahrmillionen hinweg, erhalten Sie einen weitreichenden Einblick in diese Abläufe. Zudem erklärt dieses Buch die Hintergründe und Ursachen für die Entwicklung in bestimmte Richtungen. Berücksichtigt werden dabei neben den oft im Vordergrund stehenden Wirbeltieren auch Mikroorganismen, Pflanzen und Insekten. Zuletzt beschreibt das Buch anschaulich die Entwicklung des Menschen – jener Spezies, mit der uns alle eine besondere Beziehung verbindet!
Use of Computers in the Coal Industry 1986
by Y.J. Wang, R. Larry Grayson and Richard L. SanfordThis book is an outcome of the third conference on the use of computers in the coal industry in Morgantown. It presents valuable computer applications covering the most aspects of coal industry and covers following areas: mine management and economics; surface mining; coal preparation; and blasting.
Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses
by Mohammad MiransariUse of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 2: Alleviation of Soil Stress by PGPR and Mycorrhizal Fungi describes the most important details and advances related to the alleviation of soil stresses by PGPR and mycorrhizal fungi. Comprised of eleven chapters, the book reviews the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress, the role of AM fungi in alleviating drought stress in plants, the impact of biotic and abiotic stressors and the use of mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate compaction stress on plant growth. Written by experts in their respective fields, Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 2: Alleviation of Soil Stress by PGPR and Mycorrhizal Fungi is a comprehensive and valuable resource for researchers and students interested in the field of microbiology and soil stresses.
Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 1
by Mohammad MiransariUse of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 1 describes the most important details and advances related to the alleviation of soil stresses by soil microbes. Comprised of seven chapters, the book reviews the mechanisms by which plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) alleviate plant growth under stress; the role of mycorrhizal fungi on the alleviation of drought stress in host plants; how PGPR may alleviate salinity stress on the growth of host plants; and the role of PGPR on the growth of the host plant under the stress of sub optimal root zone temperature. Written by experts in their respective fields, Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses, Volume 1 is a comprehensive and valuable resource for researchers and students interested in the field of microbiology and soil stresses.
Use of Satellite and In-Situ Data to Improve Sustainability
by Alfred Powell Felix Kogan Oleg FedorovMore than 30-year operational satellite data have already been used for monitoring land, ocean and atmosphere. These applications have contributed to improve sustainable economy, produce healthy environment and enhance human life. The Advanced Research Workshop sponsored by NATO and organized by the USA's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Ukrainian's Space Agency bring the scientists with the most mature research designed for practical use. The goals were to select those which is used for services today and identify the areas to expand research and services. Scientific and application results of the Workshop presented in this book can be used today in agriculture, forestry, water resources, healthy coastal life and fisheries, climate and land cover change, anthropogenic activities and others. The presented papers provide information on how to use operational satellites and in situ measurements for early detection of large-scale droughts, floods and fires, diagnose crop and pasture annual losses, predict periods with health/unhealthy vegetation based on such climate forcing events as ENSO, monitor air quality and geomagnetic activities, assess land cover trends in responce to global warming etc. The available satellite/ground information and method is currently warn with a lead time sufficient to respond, recover and protect.
User Integration in Sustainable Product Development: Organisational Learning through Boundary-Spanning Processes
by Esther HoffmannChanges in production and consumption patterns are a crucial element in advancing the sustainability agenda. Many companies are now contributing to such efforts through a focus on sustainable innovation when developing new products and services. However, problematically, many such products fail as consumers reject them in the marketplace. User integration in product development is a well-suited approach to increase the usability and the marketability of new products. This book asks the following question: under what conditions can companies trigger sustainability-oriented organizational learning processes by integrating consumers in product development? The author analyses this question by studying a new approach called INNOCOPE (Innovating through consumer-integrated product development). The analysis is based on a process model of organizational learning, distinguishing different learning phases and related boundary-spanning activities. The case study shows that boundary spanning and communication with external actors may directly affect almost all phases of the organizational learning process. Depending on the organizational learning phase, specific boundary-spanning activities are identified that can be characterized as outside-in, inside-in or inside-out directed processes. Moreover, the book describes supportive conditions for user integration with regard to the company, the product, the users involved and the communication process, and provides managerial recommendations. User Integration in Sustainable Product Development sheds new light on the interaction between companies and users in innovation processes and how they relate to sustainable product development. Its focus on organizational learning at and across the boundaries of companies is original, stimulating, improves our understanding of user–producer interactions and distinguishes the book from other publications on the market. The book provides a hugely comprehensive overview of user integration in innovation processes: its advantages, problems and weaknesses, and the methods in which it is currently applied. This, along with a systematic analysis of organisational learning provides the reader with a complete understanding of what has to be considered when studying user-producer interactions from a company perspective and provides the basis for further improvements and company strategies to advance the take-up of sustainable products. The book will be essential reading for academics and practitioners involved with organizational learning, innovation studies, sustainable design and product development, and marketing.
User needs by Systematic Elaboration (USE): A theory-based method for user needs analysis, programming and evaluation
by Wim HeijsThe design of a building can facilitate the process of use and promote the well-being of users if it meets their needs. Knowledge of user needs and processes of use is important for a good design. However, it is not self-evident what user needs really are, how user needs and processes of use can be researched, and how that knowledge can be used in a design. This book introduces an integrated methodology for the analysis of user needs, programming and evaluation that answers these questions. The purpose is to improve the interaction between the users and their environment and to avoid failure costs by facilitating proper design decisions. The theoretical perspective and the conceptual framework originate from environmental psychology, more specifically P-E fit theory. The target group consists of those who are interested in creating environments for people (designers, users, real estate managers; students and scientific staff). Designers are a special audience for whom the book can be a guide to working for and with users. The theoretical perspective and the conceptual framework can also be relevant for scientific research into the interaction between users and buildings.
Users Guide to Ecohydraulic Modelling and Experimentation: Experience of the Ecohydraulic Research Team (PISCES) of the HYDRALAB Network (IAHR Design Manual)
by L. E. Frostick S. J. McLelland R. E. Thomas M. F. Johnson S. P. RiceUsers Guide to Ecohydraulic Modelling and Experimentation has been compiled by the interdisciplinary team of expert ecologists, geomorphologists, sedimentologists, hydraulicists and engineers involved in HYDRALAB IV, the European Integrated Infrastructure Initiative on hydraulic experimentation which forms part of the European Community‘s Seventh F
Using Data Science and Landscape Approach to Sustain Historic Cities
by Ali Moazzeni KhorasganiThis book comprehensively explores sustaining historic cities using a landscape approach and data science. The author offers valuable insights for professionals and enthusiasts interested in preserving and developing urban heritage through a data driven approach. Drawing on the synergy between landscape architecture and data science, the book delves into the intricate interplay between historical, cultural, and environmental factors in urban settings. Readers will understand how to navigate historic cities' complex challenges through case studies, research findings, and practical methodologies. The book equips readers with innovative strategies for preserving the authenticity of these cities while embracing sustainable development practices. By blending theory and real-world applications, this book is a comprehensive guide for creating thriving, resilient, and culturally rich urban environments.