- Table View
- List View
Deep-Buried Large Hydrocarbon Fields Onshore China: Formation and Distribution
by Suyun Hu Tongshan WangThis book analyzes the formation and evolution of the giant hydrocarbon reservoirs based on major basins onshore China. It discusses exploration and research advantages of major basins in China, such as Sichuan, Tarim, and Ordos Basins and also systematically analyzes and summarizes the formation conditions, distribution rules, and main controlling factors of deep oil and gas fields. On this basis, it forecasts the exploration prospect of China's onshore deep oil and gas, providing theoretical guidance and technical support for deep oil and gas exploration breakthrough and large-scale reserves growth. This book focuses on the analysis and discussion of hydrocarbon generation mechanism of deep-paleo source rocks, discusses the accumulation rules of cross-structural reservoir formation and oil-gas enrichment in ancient strata, the combination of gypsum-salt rocks and carbonate rocks, the potential of oil and gas accumulation under salt, the main controlling factors and distribution rules of deep oil and gas fields, and preliminarily grasps the geological understanding of the formation and distribution of deep-large oil and gas fields, namely ①abundant hydrocarbon supplied by two types of source kitchens, ②three large-scale lithologic reservoir rocks, ③hydrocarbon accumulation controlled by three paleoes (paleouplift, paleoplatform margin, and paleofaults), and ④reservoir formation across major tectonic periods. The book serves as a guidance for both researchers and students majoring in petroleum geology and other related fields.
Deep-Level Gold and Platinum Mining: The Application of Geophysics in South Africa
by Michael van Schoor Zamaswazi Nkosi Fleckson Magweregwede Thabang KgarumeThis book provides the basic know-how and guidance to effectively exploit non-destructive geophysical technologies and apply them in the underground mining environment to optimise mineral extraction and to contribute to safer mining. The effective application of these technologies can enable a better understanding of the unseen orebody and the surrounding rock mass ahead of the mining face; the potential benefits of applying in-mine geophysics is demonstrated through a selection of case studies conducted in deep-level hard rock mines in South Africa. This book also offers valuable insight and training material for students in a variety of relevant mining disciplines like geology, rock engineering, mining engineering, mine planning and mineral resource management.
Deep-Sea Minerals Developments in the 20th Century
by David S. CronanThe book is an historical monograph on deep-sea mineral-related activities and attitudes towards deep-sea mining in the 20th Century which makes comparisons with the current situation in regard to those activities and attitudes. It reviews developments in the study of, and prospects and plans for mining deep-sea manganese nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, hydrothermal deposits, and phosphorites, and discusses associated environmental, technological, and economic issues. It is based on several sources. First, the author’s experience gleaned from around 50 years of attending conferences on the subject (the most important of which was the annual Underwater Mining Institutes held from 1970 onwards at which much of the material in the book was first exposed), second, discussions with and advice from the author's colleagues on the subject, all attributed, and third, the published literature. The target audiences are marine mining companies and their associates, marine environmentalists, UN and Government administrators responsible for seabed activities, undergraduate students of marine affairs and history, and interested lay persons. Unique features include the widespread sources used including unpublished conference proceedings and reports, personal insights gleaned from more than 50 years of working in the field, the author’s publications dating from 1967-2022, and attributed personal communications from the author’s colleagues.
Deep-Sea Mining Management, Policy and Regulation: Data Management, Environmental Monitoring, Techno-Economic Assessment, Law of the Sea and Regulatory Regimes
by Rahul SharmaDeep-sea mining is currently in a critical phase wherein, detailed resource estimation has led to identification of potentially rich areas on the seafloor that can be mined, as well as testing of pre-prototype seabed mining machines and establishment of pilot plants for processing of deep-sea minerals is underway. This coupled with rigorous environmental data collection along with impact assessment of simulated as well as test mining is not only providing requisite information for likely impacts for development of predictive models but also for developing mitigation measures to minimise such impacts. Interest in mining the seafloor deposits as potential source of critical metals has been enhanced in the current century owing to the rising population and consumer demands, as well as the fact that these minerals contain battery metals such as Co, Ni, Mn besides copper that can help transition to green energy alternatives. However, concerns over ecological impacts on marine ecosystems and those related to economic, social and cultural implications need to be addressed for ensuring sustainable mining of seabed mineral resources. With this in view, this fifth book in the series of &‘Deep-sea Mining&’, focusses on issues related to management, policy and regulation. The book is divided into the following five sections: I – General issues on resource potential and future prospects II – Resource and environmental data management <span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold
Deep-Sea Mining and the Water Column: Advances, Monitoring and Related Issues
by Rahul SharmaThis book focuses on general issues of deep-sea mining for seafloor mineral deposits, as well as the scientific, technical, legal and policy issues related to impacts on the water column. The topic is a growing area of significance due to the ongoing conversations on this issue in the world community, in view of the large-scale consequences resulting from operations of different components of deep-sea mining systems. The chapters are divided in five sections, and are contributed by highly acclaimed scientists, technologists, lawyers and administrators who have decades of experience working on these topics. The information compiled in the book is expected to serve as an important reference for all stakeholders including researchers, contractors, mining companies, regulators and NGOs involved in deep-sea mining and marine environmental conservation. Section 1 provides an overall view of the current status of deep-sea mining and issues related to the water column. Section 2 looks at the engineering considerations for technology related to mining, handling of bulk solids in the marine environment, transporting the ores from seabed to shore as well as processing of deep-sea minerals. Section 3 discusses various approaches for assessment of impacts of deep-sea mining on the water column. Section 4 assesses the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the water column in different oceans of the world. Finally, section 5 deals with legal, policy and economic aspects of deep-sea mining.
Deep-Sea Mining: Resource Potential, Technical and Environmental Considerations
by Rahul SharmaThis comprehensive book contains contributions from specialists who provide a complete status update along with outstanding issues encompassing different topics related to deep-sea mining. Interest in exploration and exploitation of deep-sea minerals is seeing a revival due to diminishing grades and increasing costs of processing of terrestrial minerals as well as availability of several strategic metals in seabed mineral resources; it therefore becomes imperative to take stock of various issues related to deep-sea mining. The authors are experienced scientists and engineers from around the globe developing advanced technologies for mining and metallurgical extraction as well as performing deep sea exploration for several decades. They invite readers to learn about the resource potential of different deep-sea minerals, design considerations and development of mining systems, and the potential environmental impacts of mining in international waters.
Deep-Sea Pycnogonids and Crustaceans of the Americas
by Michel E. HendrickxAmong the deep-sea marine invertebrates, pycnogonids and crustaceans represent ecologically important and most diverse groups of species. Yet both are still poorly understood. Sampling and exploring operations off the west and east coast of the Americas has significantly increased in the last two decades. However such operations are very costly and limited in number and frequency. In countries like Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, the United States of America, and El Salvador a large effort has been made to explore the deep-sea resources and the rich diversity of the communities, resulting in a better understanding of the natural ecosystems on both coasts of America. Pycnogonids and many groups of deep-sea crustaceans have been intensively studied, from the smallest animals, like the mostly unknown benthic copepods to the largest decapods.This book presents new and updated information on various groups of deep-sea pycnogonids and crustaceans occurring off the American continent. Offering a valuable reference resource for scientists interested in this fascinating fauna, it includes review papers and new data on the deep-sea communities occurring off the USA, Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Brazil and Argentina, as well as in larger areas in both the East Pacific and the West Atlantic. As such it covers most of the current deep-water research in Latin America.
Deep-sea Explorer: The Story of Robert Ballard, Discoverer of the Titanic
by Rick ArchboldThe story of how Robert Ballard discovered and explored the Titanic shipwreck.
Deep-sea Fishing (Cool Adventure Careers)
by William David ThomasThe first group of titles in an ongoing series introduces students to six amazing adventure careers. Geared for reluctant readers in upper elementary school and above, each high-interest title combines easy-to-follow text with engaging on-the-job photos to spark students' interest in reading and career exploration. Each book is filled with descriptive information about the career, along with the skills and requirements needed to pursue a job in the profiled field.
Deeper Currents: The Sacraments of Hunting and Fishing
by Donald C. JacksonIn Deeper Currents, Donald C. Jackson guides us on a journey into the cathedrals of wild and lonely places, those sacred spaces where hunters and fishers connect with the rhythms of the earth and the spirit that resonates within us. Jackson explores hunting and fishing as frameworks—sacraments—for discovering, engaging, and finding meaning. He invites readers to consider connections with wilder realms of being. Hunting squirrels on an autumn morning, probing the woods, rifle in hand, Jackson reveals an attention to nature too often neglected. Following a bird dog into the damp and mysterious places where woodcock settle on their southbound migrations; chasing hounds on the trail of raccoons on a frosty winter night; stalking deer in a quiet corner of a small farm; fishing for carp in a creek, bass and bluegill in ponds, catfish in a murky river, and reef fish in the Gulf, Jackson reminds that we are stewards of not only resources but also a past that defines us as hunters and fishers. We must pass this legacy along to the generations that follow. In Deeper Currents, tractors and old barns find a place in the reader's heart. Boats and canoes navigate realms of danger and dreams. Jackson shares outdoor pilgrimages with good friends in cabins, tents, camps, and old trailers tucked beyond the reach of a rushing world. He rejoices in the whisper of stiff wings as ducks come to decoys, the call of geese and cranes over tidal flats, the hush before a storm, the muffled snap of a twig at twilight, a drop of dew falling on the surface of a pond, and the clicking of caribou hooves on an Alaskan gravel bar. Jackson finds these natural moments fill us with energy. They remind us that we are taking part in a sacred heritage and that creation is unfolding all around us.
Deeply Rooted: Unconventional Farmers in the Age of Agribusiness
by Lisa M. HamiltonA century of industrialization has left our food system riddled with problems, yet for solutions we look to nutritionists and government agencies, scientists and chefs. Lisa M. Hamilton asks: Why not look to the people who grow our food?Hamilton makes this vital inquiry through the stories of three unconventional farmers: an African-American dairyman in Texas who plays David to the Goliath of agribusiness corporations; a tenth-generation rancher in New Mexico struggling to restore agriculture as a pillar of his crumbling community; and a modern pioneer family in North Dakota who is breeding new varieties of plants to face the future's double threat: Monsanto and global warming. Threads of history and discussion weave through the tales, exploring how farmers have been pushed to the margins of agriculture and transformed from leaders to laborers.These unusual characters and their surprising stories make the case that in order to correct what has gone wrong with the food system, we must first bring farmers back to the table.
Deepwater Alchemy: Extractive Mediation and the Taming of the Seafloor
by Lisa Yin HanHow underwater mediation has transformed deep-sea spaces into resource-rich frontiers Green energy technologies such as windmills, solar panels, and electric vehicles may soon depend on material found at the seabed. How did a space once imagined to be empty and unfathomable come to be thought of as a treasure trove of resources? Lisa Yin Han traces how contemporary developments in underwater sensing and imaging materially and imaginatively transmogrify the ocean bottom into a resource frontier capable of sustaining a digitally connected global future. Set against the backdrop of climate change, energy transition, and the expansion of industrial offshore extractions, Deepwater Alchemy looks at oceanic media and its representation of the seabed in terms of valuable resources. From high-tech simulations to laboratories and archives that collect and analyze sediments, Han explores the media technologies that survey, visualize, and condition the possibility for industrial resource extraction, introducing the concept of extractive mediation to describe the conflations between resource prospecting and undersea knowledge production. Moving away from anthropocentric frameworks, she argues that we must equalize access to deep ocean mediation and include the submerged perspectives of multispecies communities. From the proliferation of petroleum seismology to environmental-impact research on seabed mining to the development of internet-enabled seafloor observatories, Deepwater Alchemy shows us that deepwater mediation is entangled in existential hopes and fears for our planetary future. As the ocean bottom becomes increasingly accessible to people, Han prompts us to ask not whether we can tame the seafloor, but, rather, why and for whom are we taming it?
Deepwater Geohazards in the South China Sea
by Shiguo Wu Yunbao Sun Qingping Li Jiliang Wang Dawei Wang Qiliang Sun Chuanxu Chen Yangbing XieThis book comprehensively analyzes and summarizes the types, characteristics and prevention of deep-sea geological disasters in the South China Sea based on the research progress of global background. It also brings attention to the general public and stakeholders the risks of deep-sea geological disasters.
Deer Hunter's & Land Manager's Pocket Reference: A Database for Hunters and Rural Landowners Interested in Deer Management
by J. Wayne FearsFinally, the deer hunting and land management reference you have always wanted! Get the answers to your deer hunting questions right now, in the field, with this pocket size, take-with-you, reference book. Use it to settle those campfire debates or to figure out a hunting technique for that elusive buck you have been tracking or to mix your own special food plot seed mix. For the first time, here is a unique reference book that is filled with a collection of useful information to help make you a more successful deer hunter and a better woodsman. It’s like having an expert in your pocket. This book includes Facts about the deer Food plot information Deer caliber ballistic tables Trophy scoring and score sheets Land measurements Butchering how-to Hunt lease management Survival and safety Field judging bucks And much, much more
Deer Management for Forest Landowners and Managers
by David S. deCalesta and Michael C. EckleyThis book is designed to help landowners and forestry professionals develop, implement, and monitor programs to manage both deer and forests with emphasis on resolving deer impact issues. Chapters cover management strategies through identifying and setting goals; managing deer populations and deer impact on land; economics of forest, deer, and impact management; human dimensions of deer management; and developing and implementing integrated management plans. The book presents an integrated, quantitative approach for managing deer populations and impacts so users can manage forest resources sustainably.
Deer of the World: Ecology, Conservation and Management (Fascinating Life Sciences)
by Mario Melletti Stefano FocardiThis book is the first comprehensive reference work ever published on the systematics, ecology, conservation status, and management of all the world's deer species. Covering all 53 deer species worldwide, this volume brings together the contributions of 160 international deer experts and provides: A comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the evolution, phylogeny, taxonomy, and systematics of deer An in-depth insight into the ecology and conservation status of each species, with detailed accounts A series of case studies on conservation, management, hunting, farming, disease ecology, and the impact of deer on forest ecosystems. This beautifully illustrated book is an invaluable resource for researchers, wildlife managers, and students of conservation biology, ecology, and management, as well as the interested layperson. It reveals the fascinating story of deer evolution, the long history of human interactions with deer, and the major threats to this charismatic species group.
Defending Animals: Finding Hope on the Front Lines of Animal Protection
by Kendra CoulterAn in-depth look at the urgent struggle to protect animals from harm, cruelty, injustice, extinction, and their greatest threat—us.Beloved dogs and cats. Magnificent horses and mountain gorillas. Curious chickens. What do we actually do to protect animals from harm—and is it enough? This engaging book provides a unique and eye-opening exploration of the world of animal protection as people defend diverse animals from injustice and cruelty. From the streets of major US cities to remote farms and tropical forests, Defending Animals is a gritty and moving portrait of the real work of animal protection that takes place in communities, courtrooms, and boardrooms.Globally recognized expert Kendra Coulter takes readers across the different landscapes of animal protection to meet people and animals of all kinds, from cruelty investigators to forensic veterinarians, wildlife rehabilitators and conservation leaders to animal lawyers and entrepreneurs, each working in their own ways to defend animals. Bringing unparalleled research and a distinct and nuanced analytical viewpoint, Defending Animals shows that animal protection is not only physical, intellectual, and emotional work but also a labor so rooted in empathy and care that it just might bridge the vast divide between polarized people and help create a more humane future for us all.
Defending Beef: The Case for Sustainable Meat Production
by Nicolette Hahn NimanFor decades it has been nearly universal dogma among environmentalists and health advocates that cattle and beef are public enemy number one. But is the matter really so clear cut? Hardly, argues environmental lawyer turned rancher Nicolette Hahn Niman in her new book, Defending Beef. The public has long been led to believe that livestock, especially cattle, erode soils, pollute air and water, damage riparian areas, and decimate wildlife populations. In Defending Beef, Hahn Niman argues that cattle are not inherently bad for either the Earth or our own nutritional health. In fact, properly managed livestock play an essential role in maintaining grassland ecosystems by functioning as surrogates for herds of wild ruminants that once covered the globe. Hahn Niman argues that dispersed, grass-fed, small-scale farms can and should become the basis for American food production, replacing the factory farms that harm animals and the environment. The author--a longtime vegetarian--goes on to dispel popular myths about how eating beef is bad for our bodies. She methodically evaluates health claims made against beef, demonstrating that such claims have proven false. She shows how foods from cattle--milk and meat, particularly when raised entirely on grass--are healthful, extremely nutritious, and an irreplaceable part of the world's food system. Grounded in empirical scientific data and with living examples from around the world, Defending Beef builds a comprehensive argument that cattle can help to build carbon-sequestering soils to mitigate climate change, enhance biodiversity, help prevent desertification, and provide invaluable nutrition. Defending Beef is simultaneously a book about big ideas and the author's own personal tale--she starts out as a skeptical vegetarian and eventually becomes an enthusiastic participant in environmentally sustainable ranching. While no single book can definitively answer the thorny question of how to feed the Earth's growing population, Defending Beef makes the case that, whatever the world's future food system looks like, cattle and beef can and must be part of the solution.
Defending Beef: The Ecological and Nutritional Case for Meat, 2nd Edition
by Nicolette Hahn Niman&“Nicolette Hahn Niman sets out to debunk just about everything you think you know . . . She&’s not trying to change your mind; she&’s trying to save your world.&”—Los Angeles Times &“Elegant, strongly argued.&”—The Atlantic (named a &“Best Food Book&”)As the meat industry—from small-scale ranchers and butchers to sprawling slaughterhouse operators—responds to COVID-19, the climate threat, and the rise of plant-based meats, Defending Beef delivers a passionate argument for responsible meat production and consumption–in an updated and expanded new edition.For decades it has been nearly universal dogma among environmentalists that many forms of livestock—goats, sheep, and others, but especially cattle—are Public Enemy Number One. They erode soils, pollute air and water, damage riparian areas, and decimate wildlife populations. As recently as 2019, a widely circulated Green New Deal fact sheet even highlighted the problem of &“farting cows.&” But is the matter really so clear-cut? Hardly. In Defending Beef, Second Edition, environmental lawyer turned rancher Nicolette Hahn Niman argues that cattle are not inherently bad for the earth. The impact of grazing can be either negative or positive, depending on how livestock are managed. In fact, with proper oversight, livestock can play an essential role in maintaining grassland ecosystems by performing the same functions as the natural herbivores that once roamed and grazed there.With more public discussions and media being paid to connections between health and diet, food and climate, and climate and farming—especially cattle farming, Defending Beef has never been more timely. And in this newly revised and updated edition, the author also addresses the explosion in popularity of &“fake meat&” (both highly processed &“plant-based foods&” and meat grown from cells in a lab, rather than on the hoof).Defending Beef is simultaneously a book about big issues and the personal journey of the author, who continues to fight for animal welfare and good science. Hahn Niman shows how dispersed, grass-based, smaller-scale farms can and should become the basis of American food production.&“Creating healthful, delicious food in ecological balance is among humanity&’s greatest challenges. In this insightful book, Nicolette Hahn Niman shows why cattle on grass are an essential element. Every chef in America should read this book.&”—Alice Waters, founder/owner, Chez Panisse, and author of We Are What We Eat&“Nicolette Hahn Niman just became beef&’s most articulate advocate. In Defending Beef, she pivots gracefully between the personal and the scientific, the impassioned and the evenhanded. It&’s a deeply compelling and delicious vision for the future of food.&”—Dan Barber, author of The Third Plate
Defending Biodiversity: Environmental Science and Ethics
by Newman Jonathan A. Gary Varner Stefan LinquistImagine that you are an environmentalist who passionately believes that it is wrong to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. How do you convince someone that a decision to drill is wrong? Debates about the environment and how humans ought to treat it have gone on for decades, yet arguments in favor of preserving biodiversity often lack empirical substance or are philosophically na#65533;ve, making them far less effective than they could be. This book critically examines arguments that are commonly offered in support of biodiversity conservation. The authors adopt a skeptical viewpoint to thoroughly test the strength of each argument and, by demonstrating how scientific evidence can be integrated with philosophical reasoning, they help environmentalists to better engage with public debate and judiciously inform public policy. This interdisciplinary and accessible book is essential reading for anyone who engages in discussions about the value of biodiversity conservation.
Defense and Recognition in the Climate Crisis: How to Communicate About Truths, Facts and Opinions
by Barbara StrohscheinTruths, facts and opinions on the climate issue are often met with psychological or social defense, both publicly and privately. Based on selected psychological and philosophical theories as well as data material, this book shows how defense comes about, how it works, and how, on the other hand, the necessary recognition can succeed on various levels. It is only through recognition that constructive discourse becomes possible. This book offers all the basics to be able to theoretically and practically solve communication conflicts between defense and recognition in the climate crisis.
Defensive (anti-herbivory) Coloration in Land Plants
by Simcha Lev-YadunThis book presents visual plant defenses (camouflage, mimicry and aposematism via coloration, morphology and even movement) against herbivores. It is mainly an ideological monograph, a manifesto representing my current understanding on defensive plant coloration and related issues. The book is not the final word in anything, but rather the beginning of many things. It aims to establish visual anti-herbivory defense as an integral organ of botany, or plant science as it is commonly called today. I think that like in animals, many types of plant coloration can be explained by selection associated with the sensory/cognitive systems of herbivores and predators to reduce herbivory. It is intended to intrigue and stimulate students of botany/plant science and plant/animal interactions for a very long time. This book is tailored to a readership of biologists and naturalists of all kinds and levels, and more specifically for botanists, ecologists, evolutionists and to those interested in plant/animal interactions. It is written from the point of view of a naturalist, ecologist and evolutionary biologist that I hold, considering natural selection as the main although not the only drive for evolution. According to this perspective, factors such as chance, founder effects, genetic drift and various stochastic processes that may and do influence characters found in specific genotypes, are not comparable in their power and influence to the common outcomes of natural selection, especially manifested when very many species belonging to different plant families, with very different and separate evolutionary histories, arrive at the same adaptation, something that characterizes many of the visual patterns and proposed adaptations described and discussed in this book. Many of the discussed visual defensive mechanisms are aimed at operating before the plants are damaged, i. e. , to be their first line of defense. In this respect, I think that the name of the book by Ruxton et al. (2004) "Avoiding Attack" is an excellent phrase for the assembly of the best types of defensive tactics. While discussing anti-herbivory, I do remember, study and teach physiological/developmental aspects of some of the discussed coloration patterns, and I am fully aware of the simultaneous and diverse functions of many plant characters in addition to defense.
Deficit Irrigation: A Remedy for Water Scarcity
by Samiha Ouda Tahany Noreldin Abd El-Hafeez ZohryThis book focuses on proving that deficit irrigation could play an important role in increasing food production in times of water scarcity. Although the application of deficit irrigation can involve loss in crop productivity, it still secures water to be use in cultivating more lands and producing more food. The following questions are discussed and the authors offer solutions to these problems:Will the production, on a national level, resulting from these new added areas compensate yield losses attained by application of deficit irrigation?Is it possible to use deficit irrigation practice to reduce the applied irrigation water to certain crops that have a surplus in their production, and direct this saved water to cultivate new areas with crops have low self-sufficiency ratios? Under climate change in 2030, would deficit irrigation practice have the same role it plays under the current conditions? This book will appeal to students and researchers involved with water scarcity and food security.
Defining Effective Transboundary Water Cooperation (Earthscan Studies in Water Resource Management)
by Melissa McCrackenThis book establishes a framework for defining transboundary water cooperation and a methodology for evaluating its effectiveness, which will contribute to more effective and therefore successful cooperation processes. With the increasing focus on transboundary cooperation as a part of the Sustainable Development Goal Framework, there is global recognition of transboundary water cooperation as a tool for improved governance and management of transboundary surface and groundwaters. However, there is not an agreed upon definition of transboundary water cooperation in the literature or in practice. This book develops the Four Frames of Transboundary Water Cooperation, which is a neutral modular framework for developing context-specific explanatory definitions of transboundary water cooperation in basins and aquifers. The Four Frames of Cooperation are legal, institutional, relational, and outcome. However, we need to move beyond defining cooperation to understand better measures of the quality and effectiveness of cooperative processes. The Weighted Model of Effective Cooperation presents a first step in qualitatively evaluating the effectiveness of transboundary water cooperation. This model defines effective transboundary water cooperation and operationalizes a method to evaluate the effectiveness of cooperative processes over internationally shared waters. Effective cooperation emphasizes the relational and outcome frames of cooperation while working towards equitability and sustainability. Together, the Four Frames of Cooperation and the Weighted Model of Effective Cooperation will improve the understanding of cooperation and encourage a detailed evaluation of the quality, success, and effectiveness of cooperative processes. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of water resource management, water governance, and environmental politics. It will also appeal to policymakers and professionals working in the fields of water conflict, water diplomacy, and international cooperation.
Defining the Spatial Scale in Modern Regional Analysis
by Esteban Fernández Vázquez Fernando Rubiera MorollónThis book explores different approaches to defining the concept of region depending on the specific question that needs to be answered. While the typical administrative spatial data division fits certain research questions well, in many cases, defining regions in a different way is fundamental in order to obtain significant empirical evidence. The book is divided into three parts: The first part is dedicated to a methodological discussion of the concept of region and the different potential approaches from different perspectives. The problem of having sufficient information to define different regional units is always present. This justifies the second part of the book, which focuses on the techniques of ecological inference applied to estimating disaggregated data from observable aggregates. Finally, the book closes by presenting several applications that are in line with the functional areas definition in regional analysis.