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Grammatical Categories: Variation in Romance Languages
by M. Rita Manzini Leonardo M. SavoiaGrammatical categories (e.g. complementizer, negation, auxiliary, case) are some of the most important building blocks of syntax and morphology. Categorization therefore poses fundamental questions about grammatical structures and about the lexicon from which they are built. Adopting a 'lexicalist' stance, the authors argue that lexical items are not epiphenomena, but really represent the mapping of sound to meaning (and vice versa) that classical conceptions imply. Their rule-governed combination creates words, phrases and sentences - structured by the 'categories' that are the object of the present inquiry. They argue that the distinction between functional and non-functional categories, between content words and inflections, is not as deeply rooted in grammar as is often thought. In their argumentation they lay the emphasis on empirical evidence, drawn mainly from dialectal variation in the Romance languages, as well as from Albanian.
Grammaticalization and English Complex Prepositions: A Corpus-based Study (Routledge Advances in Corpus Linguistics #Vol. 7)
by Sebastian HoffmannWhat is a grammatical unit? How does grammatical structure evolve? How can we best investigate the mental representation of grammar? What is the connection between language use and language structure? This book aims to help answer such questions by presenting a detailed analysis of English complex prepositions (e.g. in spite of or with respect to) on the basis of large amounts of authentic language data dating from the Middle Ages until today.
Gramática analítica avanzada: Construyendo significados en español (Analytic Grammars for Advanced Learners and Teachers)
by Ana Teresa Pérez-Leroux Yadira Álvarez-LópezLa Gramática analítica avanzada: Construyendo significados en español ofrece una cobertura descriptiva amplia de los temas gramaticales fundamentales del español, a la vez que proporciona un tratamiento detallado de las estrategias de análisis necesarias para que los lectores puedan desarrollar sus destrezas analíticas y su propio pensamiento gramatical. Esta gramática no asume conocimiento previo de la lingüística. Para ayudar al lector, los materiales están organizados desde los conceptos más básicos a los más complejos. Las herramientas analíticas que acompañan los diferentes temas pueden aplicarse a nuevos fenómenos que surjan durante el proceso de aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua, ofreciéndoles a los lectores la garantía de poder seguir aprendiendo. Cada capítulo contiene una síntesis, tablas de resumen y ejercicios que sirven para repasar los conceptos estudiados.La Gramática analítica avanzada será de utilidad tanto para los estudiantes avanzados de español como segunda lengua que busquen profundizar su comprensión de la gramática del español, así como para hablantes nativos y futuros maestros que deseen reforzar su conocimiento de los fundamentos de la gramática descriptiva.Gramática analítica avanzada: Construyendo significados en español provides a comprehensive descriptive coverage of core grammatical topics in the Spanish language while simultaneously offering an in-depth analytic treatment to support readers in developing their own grammatical thinking.This grammar assumes no previous familiarity with linguistics and organizes the materials from the more basic to more complex concepts to help readers understand the building blocks of the language. The analytic toolkit provided for the topics covered within the book can be applied to novel phenomena encountered in the second language acquisition process, setting readers up for lifelong independent learning. Each chapter includes a chapter summary, summary tables, and exercises to reinforce and review the concepts covered.Gramática analítica avanzada will be useful to advanced speakers of Spanish as a second language seeking to deepen their conscious understanding of Spanish grammar as well as native speakers and future teachers who wish to strengthen their foundational knowledge of descriptive grammar.
Gramática española: Variación social
by Kim Potowski Naomi L. ShinGramática española: Variación social introduces intermediate to advanced students of Spanish to the main grammatical features of the language in a way that emphasizes the social underpinnings of language. Written entirely in Spanish, this unique approach to the study of grammar guides students in an examination of how Spanish grammar varies depending on place, social group, and situation. Students examine why some varieties of Spanish are considered prestigious while others are not, drawing on current and historical sociopolitical contexts, all while learning grammatical terminology and how to identify categories and constructions in Spanish. This is an excellent resource for students at level B1 or higher on the Common European Framework for Languages, and Intermediate High to Advanced High on the ACTFL proficiency scale.
Great French Tales of Fantasy/Contes fantastiques célèbres: A Dual-Language Book
by Stanley AppelbaumThese six riveting fantasy classics from the golden age of the French short story will keep you glued to your chair. Drawn from the genre's outstanding nineteenth-century writers, they range from the Romantic era to the rise of the Symbolists and Decadents. Presented chronologically by date of publication, they include Charles Nodier's "Trilby; or, The Elf of Argyll," Théophile Gautier's "The Amorous Dead Woman," "The Venus of Ille" by Prosper Mérimée, Villiers de l'Isle-Adam's "Second Sight," and two tales by Guy de Maupassant, "A Divorce Case" and "Who Knows?"This dual-language book features accurate new English translations on pages facing the original French, an informative introduction, and explanatory footnotes. It opens a door for students of French language and literature--well as any other lover of fantasy--to explore the world of the eerie and unknown.
Great German Poems of the Romantic Era: A Dual-Language Book
by Stanley AppelbaumOver 130 poems by 23 poets, including Goethe, Schiller, Holderlin, Tieck, Heine, Mörike, Storm, Nietzsche and many others. Excellent new literal English translations on facing pages, along with an informative introduction and concise evaluations of each poet. Unique opportunity to enjoy a rich sampling from one of the world's great poetic traditions.
Great Stories by Kafka and Rilke/Meistererzählungen von Kafka und Rilke: A Dual-Language Book (Dover Dual Language German)
by Rainer Maria Rilke Franz Kafka Stanley AppelbaumAt the turn of the twentieth century, the city of Prague hosted a cosmopolitan culture whose literary scene abounded in experimental writers. Two of the city's natives are featured in this dual-language volume: Franz Kafka, whose fiction is synonymous with the anguish of modern life; and the poet Rainer Maria Rilke, whose stories unfold in the same transcendent lyricism as his verse.Twelve of Kafka's stories from the compilation Ein Landarzt (A Country Doctor) appear here, along with two tales from Ein Hungerkünstler (A Hunger Artist). Rilke's stories include "Die Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke" (The Ballad of Love and Death of Cornet Christoph Rilke), "Die Turnstunde" (The Gym Class), and Geschichten vom lieben Gott (Stories About the Good Lord). Stanley Appelbaum has provided an introduction and informative notes to these stories, along with excellent new English translations on the pages facing the original German.
Greek Script Hacking: The optimal pathway to learn the Greek alphabet
by Judith MeyerUsing a unique, tried and tested algorithm, this book teaches you how to quickly and efficiently recognise letters and common words in Greek script. Whether you're travelling and want to understand the words around you, or preparing to learn Greek and want to master the basics, this is the book for you. In this book you will find: · An introduction to Greek script· Plenty of practice activities to help you recognise each letter of the alphabet · Helpful mnemonics to make you remember the shape of each letter· Accompanying audio files so you know how to pronounce letters and words · Handy tips to help you decipher common and familiar words The audio for this course can be downloaded from the Teach Yourself Library app or streamed at library.teachyourself.com.Rely on Teach Yourself, trusted by language learners for over 75 years.
Greek Script Hacking: The optimal pathway to learn the Greek alphabet
by Judith MeyerUsing a unique, tried and tested algorithm, this book teaches you how to quickly and efficiently recognise letters and common words in Greek script. Whether you're travelling and want to understand the words around you, or preparing to learn Greek and want to master the basics, this is the book for you. In this book you will find: · An introduction to Greek script· Plenty of practice activities to help you recognise each letter of the alphabet · Helpful mnemonics to make you remember the shape of each letter· Accompanying audio files so you know how to pronounce letters and words · Handy tips to help you decipher common and familiar words The audio for this course can be downloaded from the Teach Yourself Library app or streamed at library.teachyourself.com.Rely on Teach Yourself, trusted by language learners for over 75 years.
Greek and Latin Roots of Medical and Scientific Terminologies
by Todd A. CurtisNew edition of an established, well-regarded, and evidence-based resource on the subject of renal nursing Greek and Latin Roots of Medical and Scientific Terminologies explains the Greek and Latin origins of the roots, prefixes, and suffixes of terms used in “med-speak,” the specialized language of medicine, science, and healthcare. By presenting medical terms in their historical context, this innovative textbook discusses relevant aspects of ancient Greek and Roman medical theories and practices while teaching students to apply principles of word analysis, synthesis, and pronunciation. Clear and accessible chapters—organized around the modern categories of body systems—contain thorough explanations of ancient medico-scientific culture, etymological notes, images, tables of vocabulary, and a range of exercises designed to increase student comprehension and retention. Divided into two units, the text first introduces the historical background of ancient Greek medicine and describes the principles of analyzing, constructing, pronouncing, and spelling medical terms. It then discusses Latin and Greek grammar and modern nomenclature in medicine, natural sciences, chemistry, and pharmacy. The second unit teaches the Greek and Latin prefixes, suffixes, roots, eponyms, and loan words relevant to the systems of the body: integumentary, musculoskeletal, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, endocrine, digestive, urinary and reproductive systems. Allowing instructors to teach medical terminology as a true classical civilizations course, this unique volume: Features the history of ancient Greek medicine and explains the ancient Greek and Latin origins of medical terms and how they came to have their current meaning Covers the loan words, eponyms, and the components of basic medico-scientific terms, providing topical tables of commonly used prefixes, suffixes, and roots Includes a list of common abbreviations and symbols used in medico-scientific writing Teaches abbreviated Latin grammatical paradigms necessary for anatomical taxonomy Uses a programmed learning approach that features numerous activities and exercises, including analyzing and constructing terms, interpreting passages from medical notes and scientific journals, and identification and spelling questions Linking medical terms to the history, literature, and mythology of ancient culture, Greek and Latin Roots of Medical and Scientific Terminologies is an ideal introductory textbook for college-level medical terminology courses, particularly those taught by Classicists.
Greek: An Essential Grammar of the Modern Language (Current Issues In Linguistic Theory Ser. #117)
by David Holton Peter Mackridge Irene Philippaki-WarburtonGreek: An Essential Grammar is a concise and user-friendly reference guide to modern Greek. It presents a fresh and accessible description of the language in short, readable sections. Explanations are clear and supported by examples throughout. This new edition has been revised and updated to present an accurate and accessible description of the most important aspects of modern Greek. Features include: clear and up-to-date examples special attention to those points which often cause problems to English-speaking learners Greek/English comparisons and contrasts highlighted throughout. Greek: An Essential Grammar is ideal for learners involved in independent study and for students in schools, colleges, universities and adult classes of all types. Levels CEFR scale A1-B2 and ACTFL level Low-Intermediate to Advanced.
Green English: Ireland's Influence on the English Language
by Loreto ToddGreen English explores the origins and development of English in Ireland. It shows how Ireland has moulded English; how it has produced the second oldest world literature in the language; and how Irish emigrants, missionaries, teachers and writers have influenced English worldwide. It includes a dictionary of words that have resulted from this interaction.
Grounded Theory in Applied Linguistics Research: A practical guide (Routledge Studies in Applied Linguistics)
by Gregory HadleyThis volume demystifies the procedures and practical uses of Grounded Theory, a well-established research methodology used around the world today by social scientists, teachers, and qualitative researchers. Intended for graduate students, supervisors, and researchers, it provides readers with the tools for understanding, justifying, and disseminating new theoretical insights for the Applied Linguistics community and beyond.
Group Work in the English Language Curriculum
by Philip ChappellThis book explores how using small groups in second language classrooms supports language learning. Chappell's experience as a language teacher equips him to present a clear, evidence-based argument for the powerful influence group work has upon the opportunities for learning, and how it should therefore be an integral part of language lessons.
Guidelines: A Cross-Cultural Reading/Writing Text (Third Edition)
by Ruth SpackAn advanced reading and writing text designed specifically to strengthen students' academic writing. The cross-cultural readings in Guidelines offer a wide range of thought-provoking subject matter, varying in genre, viewpoint, length, and style. As students respond to the readings and work their way through the writing assignments, they are assisted by strategies laid out in 'Guidelines' boxes and by examples from other student writers. Writing assignments include research writing and essays that synthesize sources, critique arguments, and analyze fiction. A handbook is included as a reference guide in the back of the book. It contains sections on documenting sources, drafting and revising, and correcting grammatical errors. Guidelines, Third edition, is a major revision. The readings have been updated, the chapters are easier to navigate, and the 'Guidelines' now include references to the Internet as a means of research.
Guía para padres y maestros de niños bilingües
by Alma Flor Ada Colin BakerThis is a practical introduction to bilingualism answering the questions most frequently asked by parents and teachers on raising and educating bilingual children. Both authors draw on their academic expertise and ample field experience to provide straightforward answers, which contemplate multiple types of bilingual families and diverse societal conditions.
HANZI für HSK 1 - 3
by Pedro Ceinos ArconesEine Weg, um chinesische Schriftzeichen auf eine einfache Weise zu lernen Das Buch umfasst die 600 Schriftzeichen, die man für HSK -Level 1 bis 3 benötigt
Haiku Across Borders: Evocative Voice in Second Language Poetry Writing
by Atsushi IidaDrawing on a total of 8,308 haiku poems written by 834 English as a foreign language (EFL) university students in Japan, this book explores the value, possibility, and potential of teaching and researching English-language haiku in second and foreign language (SFL) contexts. The book showcases how haiku is used and taught in the SFL classroom and discusses how the task of reading and writing English-language haiku promotes SFL learning. More specifically, it addresses these questions: What are the textual features of English-language haiku produced by EFL students? How do EFL students read and interpret English-language haiku? What knowledge and skills do EFL students gain through the task of reading and writing English-language haiku? What are the perceptions and attitudes of EFL students in relation to the task of reading and writing haiku in the English classroom? How can English-language haiku be used as a research methodology? With empirical evidence from both quantitative and qualitative data, this book moves the field forward by addressing the methodological and pedagogical issues in relation to the use of poetry writing in SFL teaching and learning. The uniqueness of this book lies in its applicability and practicality both in methodological and pedagogical approaches to haiku writing that students, researchers, and teachers in applied linguistics can replicate in diverse teaching contexts.
Hairs / Pelitos
by Sandra CisnerosIn English and Spanish, a child describes how each person in the family has hair that looks and acts different, Papa's like a broom, Kiki's like fur, and Mama's with the smell of warm bread.
Hammer's German Grammar and Usage: Exercises (Routledge Reference Grammars)
by Martin DurrellLong trusted as the most comprehensive, up-to-date and user-friendly grammar available, Hammer’s German Grammar and Usage provides you with a complete guide to German as it is written and spoken today. In a revised layout to improve ease of consultation, this new edition includes: concise descriptions of the main grammatical phenomena of German and their use completely reorganized tables of grammatical features examples of grammar taken from contemporary German, helping you to understand the underlying grammatical principles more quickly invaluable guidance on pronunciation and word stress discussion of new words from English roots, helping you to communicate in German as Germans do today clarification on current spellings of German with full detail on the most recent revisions to the rules list of useful internet resources for students, teachers and all learners of German Praised for its lucid explanations, this new edition explains and clearly distinguishes formal and informal spoken and written usage. Hammer’s German Grammar offers you a combination of reference grammar and manual of current usage that you will find invaluable, whether a student or a teacher, at intermediate or advanced level.
Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century
by Kassem M. Wahba Liz England Zeinab A. TahaThis landmark volume offers an introduction to the field of teaching Arabic as a foreign or second language. Recent growth in student numbers and the demand for new and more diverse Arabic language programs of instruction have created a need that has outpaced the ability of teacher preparation programs to provide sufficient numbers of well-qualified professional teachers at the level of skill required. Arabic language program administrators anticipate that the increases in enrollment will continue into the next decades. More resources and more varied materials are seriously needed in Arabic teacher education and training. The goal of this Handbook is to address that need.The most significant feature of this volume is its pioneer role in approaching the field of Arabic language teaching from many different perspectives. It offers readers the opportunity to consider the role, status, and content of Arabic language teaching in the world today. The Handbook is intended as a resource to be used in building Arabic language and teacher education programs and in guiding future academic research. Thirty-four chapters authored by leaders in the field are organized around nine themes:*Background of Arabic Language Teaching;*Contexts of Arabic Language Teaching;*Communicative Competence in Arabic;*The Learners;*Assessment;*Technology Applications;*Curriculum Development, Design, and Models;*Arabic Language Program Administration and Management; and*Planning for the Future of Arabic Language Learning and Teaching.The Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century will benefit and be welcomed by Arabic language teacher educators and trainers, administrators, graduate students, and scholars around the world. It is intended to create dialogue among scholars and professionals in the field and in related fields--dialogue that will contribute to creating new models for curriculum and course design, materials and assessment tools, and ultimately, better instructional effectiveness for all Arabic learners everywhere, in both Arabic-speaking and non-Arabic speaking countries.
Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century
by Kassem M. Wahba Liz England Zeinab A. TahaThis landmark volume offers an introduction to the field of teaching Arabic as a foreign or second language. Recent growth in student numbers and the demand for new and more diverse Arabic language programs of instruction have created a need that has outpaced the ability of teacher preparation programs to provide sufficient numbers of well-qualified professional teachers at the level of skill required. Arabic language program administrators anticipate that the increases in enrollment will continue into the next decades. More resources and more varied materials are seriously needed in Arabic teacher education and training. The goal of this Handbook is to address that need.The most significant feature of this volume is its pioneer role in approaching the field of Arabic language teaching from many different perspectives. It offers readers the opportunity to consider the role, status, and content of Arabic language teaching in the world today. The Handbook is intended as a resource to be used in building Arabic language and teacher education programs and in guiding future academic research. Thirty-four chapters authored by leaders in the field are organized around nine themes: Background of Arabic Language Teaching; Contexts of Arabic Language Teaching; Communicative Competence in Arabic; The Learners; Assessment; Technology Applications; Curriculum Development, Design, and Models; Arabic Language Program Administration and Management; and Planning for the Future of Arabic Language Learning and Teaching. The Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century will benefit and be welcomed by Arabic language teacher educators and trainers, administrators, graduate students, and scholars around the world. It is intended to create dialogue among scholars and professionals in the field and in related fields--dialogue that will contribute to creating new models for curriculum and course design, materials and assessment tools, and ultimately, better instructional effectiveness for all Arabic learners everywhere, in both Arabic-speaking and non-Arabic speaking countries.
Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century, Volume II
by Kassem M. Wahba Liz England Zeinab A. TahaDrawing on the collective expertise of language scholars and educators in a variety of subdisciplines, the Handbook for Arabic Language Teaching Professionals in the 21st Century, Volume II, provides a comprehensive treatment of teaching and research in Arabic as a second and foreign language worldwide. Keeping a balance among theory, research and practice, the content is organized around 12 themes: Trends and Recent Issues in Teaching and Learning Arabic Social, Political and Educational Contexts of Arabic Language Teaching and Learning Identifying Core Issues in Practice Language Variation, Communicative Competence and Using Frames in Arabic Language Teaching and Learning Arabic Programs: Goals, Design and Curriculum Teaching and Learning Approaches: Content-Based Instruction and Curriculum Arabic Teaching and Learning: Classroom Language Materials and Language Corpora Assessment, Testing and Evaluation Methodology of Teaching Arabic: Skills and Components Teacher Education and Professional Development Technology-Mediated Teaching and Learning Future Directions The field faces new challenges since the publication of Volume I, including increasing and diverse demands, motives and needs for learning Arabic across various contexts of use; a need for accountability and academic research given the growing recognition of the complexity and diverse contexts of teaching Arabic; and an increasing shortage of and need for quality of instruction. Volume II addresses these challenges. It is designed to generate a dialogue—continued from Volume I—among professionals in the field leading to improved practice, and to facilitate interactions, not only among individuals but also among educational institutions within a single country and across different countries.
Handbook of Arabic Literacy
by R. Malatesha Joshi Elinor Saiegh-HaddadThis book provides a synopsis of recently published empirical research into the acquisition of reading and writing in Arabic. Its particular focus is on the interplay between the linguistic and orthographic structure of Arabic and the development of reading and writing/spelling. In addition, the book addresses the socio-cultural, political and educational milieu in which Arabic literacy is embedded. It enables readers to appreciate both the implications of empirical research to literacy enhancement and the challenges and limitations to the applicability of such insights in the Arabic language and literacy context. The book will advance the understanding of the full context of literacy acquisition in Arabic with the very many factors (religious, historical, linguistic etc. ) that interact and will hence contribute to weakening the anglocentricity that dominates discussions of this topic.
Handbook of Heritage, Community, and Native American Languages in the United States: Research, Policy, and Educational Practice
by Sarah Catherine K. Moore Donna Christian Joy Kreeft Peyton Terrence G. Wiley Na LiuCo-published by the Center for Applied Linguistics Timely and comprehensive, this state-of-the-art overview of major issues related to heritage, community, and Native American languages in the United States, based on the work of noted authorities, draws from a variety of perspectives—the speakers; use of the languages in the home, community, and wider society; patterns of acquisition, retention, loss, and revitalization of the languages; and specific education efforts devoted to developing stronger connections with and proficiency in them. Contributions on language use, programs and instruction, and policy focus on issues that are applicable to many heritage language contexts. Offering a foundational perspective for serious students of heritage, community, and Native American languages as they are learned in the classroom, transmitted across generations in families, and used in communities, the volume provides background on the history and current status of many languages in the linguistic mosaic of U.S. society and stresses the importance of drawing on these languages as societal, community, and individual resources, while also noting their strategic importance within the context of globalization.