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Ethnic Identities in the Land of the Pharaohs: Past and Present Approaches in Egyptology (Elements in Ancient Egypt in Context)
by Uroš MatićEthnic Identities in the Land of the Pharaohs deals with ancient Egyptian concept of collective identity, various groups which inhabited the Egyptian Nile Valley and different approaches to ethnic identity in the last two hundred years of Egyptology. The aim is to present the dynamic processes of ethnogenesis of the inhabitants of the land of the pharaohs, and to place various approaches to ethnic identity in their broader scholarly and historical context. The dominant approach to ethnic identity in ancient Egypt is still based on culture historical method. This and other theoretically better framed approaches (e.g. instrumentalist approach, habitus, postcolonial approach, ethnogenesis, intersectionality) are discussed using numerous case studies from the 3rd millennium to the 1st century BC. Finally, this Element deals with recent impact of third science revolution on archaeological research on ethnic identity in ancient Egypt.
Ethnic Identity, Memory, and Use of the Past in Italy’s ‘Dark Ages’
by Luigi Andrea BertoThis volume examines the Italian peninsula in the early Middle Ages by focusing on research fields such as ethnic identity, memory, and use of the past. Particular attention is devoted to the way some authors were influenced by their own ‘present’ in their reconstruction of the past. The political and cultural fragmentation of Italy during the early Middles Ages, created by the Lombards’ invasion of a part of the Peninsula in the late sixth century and early seventh century, Charlemagne’s conquest of a part of the Lombard Kingdom in 774, and by the weakening of the Byzantine Empire in the eighth and ninth centuries, make this part of Europe a special area for exploring continuities and discontinuities between the Roman and the post-Roman periods in Western Europe. Across the volume, Berto challenges the features of primary sources and their scarcity pose to their interpretations. Ethnic Identity, Memory, and Use of the Past in Italy’s ‘Dark Ages’ is the ideal resource for upper-level undergraduates, postgraduates, and scholars interested in the relationship between Italy and Europe during the Middle Ages.
Ethnic Islands: The Emergence of Urban Chinese America
by Ronald T. TakakiHistory of how Chinese immigrants transformed American cities.
Ethnic Labour and British Imperial Trade: A History of Ethnic Seafarers in the UK
by Diane FrostThis collection of essays identifies a neglected but significant component of Britain's maritime and labour history, that of ethnic labour drawn from Britain's colonies in West Africa, the Middle East and Asia. The interdisciplinary nature of the volume raises a number of important issues: race and ethnicity, colonialism and migration, social class and the complex nature of racial hostility meted out by organized white labour.
Ethnic Minorities In The Red Army: Asset Or Liability?
by Alexander R. Alexiev S. Enders WimbushThis book treats the issue of national diversity of Soviet military manpower that affects the morale, effectiveness, and reliability of the Soviet armed forces. It explores the historical dimensions of military multinationalism with respect to the Russian and Soviet military establishments.
Ethnic Minorities in 19th and 20th Century Germany: Jews, Gypsies, Poles, Turks and Others (Themes In Modern German History)
by Panikos PanayiThis is the first book to trace the history of all ethnic minorities in Germany during the nineteenth and twentieth-centuries. It argues that all of the different types of states in Germany since 1800 have displayed some level of hostility towards ethnic minorities. While this reached its peak under the Nazis, the book suggests a continuity of intolerance towards ethnic minorities from 1800 that continued into the Federal Republic. During this long period German states were home to three different types of ethnic minorities in the form of- dispersed Jews and Gypsies; localised minorities such as Serbs, Poles and Danes; and immigrants from the 1880s. Taking a chronological approach that runs into the new Millennium, the author traces the history of all of these ethnic groups, illustrating their relationship with the German government and with the rest of the German populace. He demonstrates that Germany provides a perfect testing ground for examining how different forms of rule deal with minorities, including monarchy, liberal democracy, fascism and communism.
Ethnic Mobilization, Violence, and the Politics of Affect: The Serb Democratic Party and the Bosnian War
by Adis MaksićThis book offers an unprecedented account of the Serb Democratic Party’s origins and its political machinations that culminated in Europe’s bloodiest conflict since World War II. Within the first two years of its existence, the nationalist movement led by the infamous genocide convict Radovan Karadzic, radically transformed Bosnian society. It politically homogenized Serbs of Bosnia-Herzegovina, mobilized them for the Bosnian War, and violently carved out a new geopolitical unit, known today as Republika Srpska. Through innovative and in-depth analysis of the Party’s discourse that makes use of the recent literature on affective cognition, the book argues that the movement’s production of existential fears, nationalist pride, and animosities towards non-Serbs were crucial for creating Serbs as a palpable group primed for violence. By exposing this nationalist agency, the book challenges a commonplace image of ethnic conflicts as clashes of long-standing ethnic nations.
Ethnic Nationalism And Regional Conflict: The Former Soviet Union And Yugoslavia
by W. Raymond Duncan G. Paul HolmanThis book examines ethnic conflicts of the former Soviet Union to indicate how turbulent the world has become in the post-Cold War era-and how difficult it has been to craft western security policies to address the turmoil. The author hopes to stimulate new thinking about international security.
Ethnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 1914-23
by Aviel RoshwaldEthnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires is a wide-ranging comparative study of the origins of today's ethnic politics in East Central Europe, the former Russian empire and the Middle East. Centred on the First World War Era, Ethnic Nationalism highlights the roles of historical contingency and the ordeal of total war in shaping the states and institutions that supplanted the great multinational empires after 1918. It explores how the fixing of new political boundaries and the complex interplay of nationalist elites and popular forces set in motion bitter ethnic conflicts and political disputes, many of which are still with us today. Topics discussed include: * the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian empire* the ethnic dimension of the Russian Revolution and Soviet state building* Nationality issues in the late Ottoman empire* the origins of Arab nationalism* ethnic politics in zones of military occupation* the construction of Czechoslovak and Yugoslav identities Ethnic Nationalism is an invaluable survey of the origins of twentieth-century ethnic politics. It is essential reading for those interested in the politics of ethnicity and nationalism in modern European and Middle Eastern history.
Ethnic Oasis: The Chinese in the Black Hills
by Liping Zhu Rose Estep Foshahe discovery of gold in the Black Hills of South Dakota brought thousands of people to the mining town of Deadwood, including many Chinese immigrants. Ethnic Oasis explores how the Chinese met the challenge of living and working in a land much different from their own. Seeking to surround themselves with the familiar, they established their own "Chinatowns" in Deadwood and other communities throughout the West. From these enclaves, the Chinese competed to succeed in American society. Through diligence and an ability to work within the social and legal systems, many thrived and became respected members of what had been a hostile community. Ethnic Oasis presents the history and archaeology of the Chinese experience in the Black Hills and elsewhere in the West.
Ethnic Politics and State Power in Africa
by Philip RoesslerWhy are some African countries trapped in vicious cycles of ethnic exclusion and civil war, while others experience relative peace? In this groundbreaking book, Philip Roessler addresses this question. Roessler models Africa's weak, ethnically-divided states as confronting rulers with a coup-civil war trap - sharing power with ethnic rivals is necessary to underwrite societal peace and prevent civil war, but increases rivals' capabilities to seize sovereign power in a coup d'#65533;tat. How rulers respond to this strategic trade-off is shown to be a function of their country's ethnic geography and the distribution of threat capabilities it produces. Moving between in-depth case studies of Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo based on years of field work and statistical analyses of powersharing, coups and civil war across sub-Saharan Africa, the book serves as an exemplar of the benefits of mixed methods research for theory-building and testing in comparative politics.
Ethnic Politics in Israel: The Margins and the Ashkenazi Centre (Routledge Studies in Middle Eastern Politics)
by As'ad GhanemThis book offers an analysis on contemporary Israeli democracy, examining in particular society and politics from the perspectives of the different ethnic groups outside of the Ashkenazi mainstream. The book explores the political expressions of the secondary groups in Israel (Mizrahim, Religious, Russians and Palestinian-Arab) and how these groups where treated by the Ashkinazim as a threat to its hegemony over the state. Looking at the instability created by the struggle of these marginal groups against the state, and the discrimination policy practiced by the Ashkenazi 'hegemonic ethnic state' regime against the other, non-Ashkenazi, groups, the book illustrates how this has contributed to the failure to establish an ‘Israeli people’. Ethnic Politics in Israel will be of great interest to students and researchers in the fields of Middle East, Palestinian, Arab, Jewish and Israeli studies, political science, sociology and psychology.
Ethnic Religious Minorities in Iran
by S. Behnaz HosseiniThis book explores the experiences of the ethnic and religious minorities of Iran, such as Jews, Yarsani, Christian, Sabean Mandaean, Bahai, Zoroastrian, Baluch, Kurd, and others and provides a historical overview of their position in society before and after the 1979 Islamic revolution and highlights their contribution to the country's history, diversity, and development. It also focuses on the historical, sociopolitical, and economic factors that affected the minorities' development during the last century. Author Behnaz Hosseini has shaped this book with authentic material and has assembled the experiences and opinions of academics of diverse backgrounds who approach the minorities’ issues in Iran in a constructive and ingenious way: from debating their efforts to preserve their identity and cultural heritage and ensure their survival to discussing their relations with the majority and other minorities, the role of religion in everyday life, and their contribution to the rich cultural history of Iran.
Ethnicity and Empire in Kenya
by Myles OsborneThis book is about the creation and development of ethnic identity among the Kamba. Comprising approximately one-eighth of Kenya s population, the British considered the Kamba East Africa s premier "martial race" by the mid-twentieth century: a people with an apparent aptitude for soldiering. The reputation, indeed, was one that Kamba leaders used to leverage financial rewards from the colonial state. However, beneath this simplistic exterior was a maelstrom of argument and debate. Men and women, young and
Ethnicity and Identity in Herodotus
by Thomas Figueira Carmen SoaresHerodotus is the epochal authority who inaugurated the European and Western consciousness of collective identity, whether in an awareness of other societies and of the nature of cultural variation itself or in the fashioning of Greek self-awareness – and necessarily that of later civilizations influenced by the ancient Greeks – which was perpetually in dialogue and tension with other ways of living in groups.In this book, 14 contributors explore ethnicity – the very self-understanding of belonging to a separate body of human beings – and how it evolves and consolidates (or ethnogenesis). This inquiry is focussed through the lens of Herodotus as our earliest master of ethnography, in this instance not only as the stylized portrayal of other societies, but also as an exegesis on how ethnocultural differentiation may affect the lives, and even the very existence, of one’s own people.Ethnicity and Identity in Herodotus is one facet of a project that intends to bring Portuguese and English-speaking scholars of antiquity into closer cooperation. It has united a cross-section of North American classicists with a distinguished cohort of Portuguese and Brazilian experts on Greek literature and history writing in English.
Ethnicity and Identity in Herodotus
by Thomas Figueira; Carmen SoaresHerodotus is the epochal authority who inaugurated the European and Western consciousness of collective identity, whether in an awareness of other societies and of the nature of cultural variation itself or in the fashioning of Greek self-awareness – and necessarily that of later civilizations influenced by the ancient Greeks – which was perpetually in dialogue and tension with other ways of living in groups. In this book, 14 contributors explore ethnicity – the very self-understanding of belonging to a separate body of human beings – and how it evolves and consolidates (or ethnogenesis). This inquiry is focussed through the lens of Herodotus as our earliest master of ethnography, in this instance not only as the stylized portrayal of other societies, but also as an exegesis on how ethnocultural differentiation may affect the lives, and even the very existence, of one’s own people. Ethnicity and Identity in Herodotus is one facet of a project that intends to bring Portuguese and English-speaking scholars of antiquity into closer cooperation. It has united a cross-section of North American classicists with a distinguished cohort of Portuguese and Brazilian experts on Greek literature and history writing in English.
Ethnicity and Race: Making Identities in a Changing World
by Douglas Hartmann Stephen CornellCornell (sociology, U. of Arizona) and Hartmann (sociology, U. of Minnesota, Minneapolis) present an updated edition of their textbook for advanced undergraduate courses on race and ethnicity in the departments of sociology, ethnic studies, global studies, and anthropology. Revised throughout with new illustrative or empirical materials and updated references, the text includes new discussion of assimilation, the invisibility of racial dominance, and paradigms and analytical frames for understanding group relations, and a new case study on race, culture, and belonging in contemporary France. Annotation ©2007 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Ethnicity and Violence: The Case of Radical Basque Nationalism (Routledge/Canada Blanch Studies on Contemporary Spain)
by Diego MuroThis book provides a genealogy of radical Basque nationalism and the means by which this complex, often violent, political movement has reinforced Basque identity. Radical nationalists are mobilized by a shared frame of reference where ethnicity and violence are intertwined in a nostalgic recreation of a golden age and a quasi-religious imperative to restore that distant past. Muro critically examines the origins of the ethno-nationalist conflict and provides a comprehensive examination of Euskadi Ta Askatusana’s (ETA) violent campaign. The book analyzes the interplay of ethnicity and violence and stresses the role of inherited myths, memories, and cultural symbols to explain the ability of radical Basque nationalism to endure.
Ethnicity in Asia
by Colin MackerrasThis book is designed as a comprehensive comparative introduction to ethnicity in East and Southeast Asia since 1945. Each chapter covers a particular country looking at such core issues as:· the ethnic minorities or groups in the country of concern, how many ethnic groups, population, language and culture group they belong to, traditional religions and arts· government policy towards the ethnic minorities or groups · the economies of the ethnic minorities or groups and the relation with the national economy;· problems of national integration caused by the ethnic minorities or groups;· the impact of ethnic issues on the country's overall foreign relations.
Ethnicity in Michigan: Issues and People
by Jack Glazier Arthur W. HelwegAt a time of heightened consciousness about ethnicity, the publication of a series of small volumes on the many ethnic groups that have helped shape the history of a culturally diverse state such as Michigan is altogether fitting.
Ethnicity, Class, and the Indigenous Struggle for Land in Guerrero, Mexico (Native Americans: Interdisciplinary Perspectives)
by Norberto ValdezThis study focuses on Amuzgo Indian communities of the Costa Chica of Guerrero state in Mexico in order to analyze the indigenous struggle for land and its relationship to ethnic identity and culture. Primary archival data and field research reveal a historical profile of this multi-ethnic region with a long and fascinating history of resistance to non-Indian control of communal lands and labor. The dynamics of 19th century liberal economic reforms, privatization of Indian lands, militarization, interventions of foreign capital, class conflicts, and impoverishment are reflected in contemporary processes in the Costa Chica. The image of the resilient peasant, or campesino , masks negative aspects of peasant status in the class structure, including poverty and superexploitation of family labor, and the intra and inter-familial conflicts that are a significant aspect of daily life. Case studies of land conflicts explore these class issues, as well as the relationship between gender inequalities and insecurities of land tenure. Indian communal lands (ejidos ) are more than an economic means of agricultural production; such lands are also the basis of cultural reproduction and provide a framework in which political resistance can emerge. Bibliography. Index
Ethnicity, Markets, and Migration in the Andes: At the Crossroads of History and Anthropology
by Enrique Tandeter Brooke Larson Olivia HarrisUntil now, Andean peasants have primarily been thought of by scholars as isolated subsistence farmers, "resistant" to money and to different markets in the region. Ethnicity, Markets, and Migration in the Andes overturns this widely held assumption and puts in its place a new perspective as it explores the dynamic between Andean cultural, social, and economic practices and the market forces of a colonial and postcolonial mercantile economy.Bringing together the work of outstanding scholars in Andean history, anthropology, and ethnohistory, these pioneering essays show how, from the very earliest period of Spanish rule, Andean peasants and their rulers embraced the new economic opportunities and challenged or subverted the new structures introduced by the colonial administration. They also convincingly explain why in the twentieth century the mistaken idea developed that Andean peasants were conservative and unable to participate effectively in different markets, and reveal how closely ethnic inequalities were tied to evolving market relations. Inviting a critical reconsideration of ethnic, class, and gender issues in the context of rural Andean markets, this book will revise the prevailing view of Andean history and provide a more fully informed picture of the complex mercantile activities of Andean peasants.
Ethnobotany In The New Europe: People, Health and Wild Plant Resources (Environmental Anthropology and Ethnobiology #14)
by Andrea Pieroni Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana Rajindra K. PuriThe study of European wild food plants and herbal medicines is an old discipline that has been invigorated by a new generation of researchers pursuing ethnobotanical studies in fresh contexts. Modern botanical and medical science itself was built on studies of Medieval Europeans' use of food plants and medicinal herbs. In spite of monumental changes introduced in the Age of Discovery and Mercantile Capitalism, some communities, often of immigrants in foreign lands, continue to hold on to old recipes and traditions, while others have adopted and enculturated exotic plants and remedies into their diets and pharmacopoeia in new and creative ways. Now in the 21st century, in the age of the European Union and Globalization, European folk botany is once again dynamically responding to changing cultural, economic, and political contexts. The authors and studies presented in this book reflect work being conducted across Europe's many regions. They tell the story of the on-going evolution of human-plant relations in one of the most bioculturally dynamic places on the planet, and explore new approaches that link the re-evaluation of plant-based cultural heritage with the conservation and use of biocultural diversity.
Ethnobotany of the Caucasus
by Rainer W. BussmannThe Caucasus MRW (online and print) Volume will cover this European Macroregion. The content will focus on the ethnobotany of wild plants in this Macroregion and it will be first developed as an online site and, later, when all of the planned topics have been covered for this specific volume, printed in a hard copy version. The online site will remain live and be available for updates (with new monographs [if not covered initially due to lack of research]). The content will be divided into sections covering countries (or groups of countries), based on plant diversity and not necessarily political or national boundaries. The Caucasus volume will have an Introduction (4,000-6,000 words); 50 200 plant monographs (10 to maximum 50 monographs per country) with each monograph having a length of ~1,500 words (with references), plus 2-4 photographs. To further define the content, the plant monographs will be divided into five major categories (food; medicine/cosmetic; veterinary; handicraft plants; and ritual/folkloric uses) and include notes. The number of the monographs in every category will be negotiated depending on the advances of the ethnobotanical research in each specific country, or group of countries. The main criteria for the inclusion of a given plant will be its cultural salience within a given country (assessed by the Volume Editor). References will be given at the end of the Introduction and each monograph.
Ethnofederalism in Cyprus: Territory, Power and Security (Routledge Studies in Statehood)
by Pavlos I. KoktsidisThis book develops a holistic understanding of the intrinsic security concerns which lie at the heart of the protracted conflict in Cyprus.This work offers a well-grounded account of intractability in Cyprus by unfolding the rationale and prevalence of competitive approaches held by Greek and Turkish Cypriots alike. The analysis explains how crude security interests give birth to an existentialist security dilemma that has so far prevented Greek and Turkish Cypriots, and their security guarantors, from reaching a durable settlement. This book contains a systematic critique of the breadth and depth of the major security concerns embedded in the proposed federal bi‑zonal framework for Cyprus, uncovering the impetus and rationale of the underlying insecurities that prompt the Greek and Turkish sides to compete on a series of state‑building aspects, including the opposing understandings of self‑determination and sovereignty, the competitive underpinnings of federal institutional design, and the problematic role of third‑party involvement. This book ultimately unravels a deeper and more pragmatic understanding of how competitive security considerations and geopolitical considerations link up to ethno‑federal design in post‑conflict environments.This book will be of much interest to students of conflict studies, federalism studies, statebuilding, European politics, and International Relations.