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Investigating the Resurrection of Jesus Christ: A New Transdisciplinary Approach (Routledge New Critical Thinking in Religion, Theology and Biblical Studies)
by Andrew LokeThis book provides an original and comprehensive assessment of the hypotheses concerning the origin of resurrection Christology. It fills a gap in the literature by addressing these issues using a transdisciplinary approach involving historical-critical study of the New Testament, theology, analytic philosophy, psychology and comparative religion. Using a novel analytic framework, this book demonstrates that a logically exhaustive list of hypotheses concerning the claims of Jesus’ post-mortem appearances and the outcome of Jesus’ body can be formulated. It addresses these hypotheses in detail, including sophisticated combinations of hallucination hypothesis with cognitive dissonance; memory distortion; and confirmation bias. Addressing writings from both within and outside of Christianity, it also demonstrates how a comparative religion approach might further illuminate the origins of Christianity. This is a thorough study of arguably the key event in the formation of the Christian faith. As such, it will be of keen interest to theologians, New Testament scholars, philosophers, and scholars of religious studies.
Investigating the Supernatural: From Spiritism and Occultism to Psychical Research and Metapsychics in France, 1853–1931
by Sofie LachapelleSéances were wildly popular in France between 1850 and 1930, when members of the general public and scholars alike turned to the wondrous as a means of understanding and explaining the world. Sofie Lachapelle explores how five distinct groups attempted to use and legitimize séances: spiritists, who tried to create a new "science" concerned with the spiritual realm and the afterlife; occultists, who hoped to connect ancient revelations with contemporary science; physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists, who developed a pathology of supernatural experiences; psychical researchers, who drew on the unexplained experiences of the public to create a new field of research; and metapsychists, who attempted to develop a new science of yet-to-be understood natural forces. Lachapelle examines the practices, aims, and level of success of these five disciplines, paying special attention to how they interacted with each other and with the world of mainstream science. Their practitioners regarded mystical phenomena worthy of serious study; most devotees—with notable exceptions of physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists—also meant to challenge conventional science in general and French science in particular. Through these stories, Lachapelle illuminates the lively relationship between science and the supernatural in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century France and relates why this relationship ultimately led to the marginalization of psychical research and metapsychics.An enlightening and entertaining narrative that includes colorful people like "Allan Kardec"—a pseudonymous former mathematics teacher from Lyon who wrote successful works on the science of the séance and what happened after death—Investigating the Supernatural reveals the rich and vibrant diversity of unorthodox beliefs and practices that existed at the borders of the French scientific culture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Investigating the Supernatural: From Spiritism and Occultism to Psychical Research and Metapsychics in France, 1853–1931
by Sofie Lachapelle“A convincing account of science’s flirtation with the marginal and the marvelous” from the author of Conjuring Science (Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences).Séances were wildly popular in France between 1850 and 1930, when members of the general public and scholars alike turned to the wondrous as a means of understanding and explaining the world. Sofie Lachapelle explores how five distinct groups attempted to use and legitimize séances: spiritists, who tried to create a new “science” concerned with the spiritual realm and the afterlife; occultists, who hoped to connect ancient revelations with contemporary science; physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists, who developed a pathology of supernatural experiences; psychical researchers, who drew on the unexplained experiences of the public to create a new field of research; and metapsychists, who attempted to develop a new science of yet-to-be understood natural forces.An enlightening and entertaining narrative that includes colorful people like “Allan Kardec”—a pseudonymous former mathematics teacher from Lyon who wrote successful works on the science of the séance and what happened after death—Investigating the Supernatural reveals the rich and vibrant diversity of unorthodox beliefs and practices that existed at the borders of the French scientific culture in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.“What is science? . . . In her engaging book, Sophie Lachapelle probes for an answer by looking at the liminal realm between science and superstition and the attempt to render the supernatural explicable in naturalistic terms.” —Isis“A welcome addition to the growing literature on spiritism, occultism and physical research in modern France.” —French History
Investigating Unequal Englishes: Understanding, Researching and Analysing Inequalities of the Englishes of the World (Routledge Studies in World Englishes)
by Ruanni TupasRuanni Tupas presents rich insights into the inequalities of Englishes and the ways in which these inequalities shape and impact English and multilingual speakers from around the world.This edited volume gives a critical take on world Englishes, while showcasing for readers the various inequalities in treatment towards the people who speak English differently, as well as the injustice in that treatment. Research methodologies are explored, providing a glimpse into how data are collected and lending a more thorough look into each study and its conclusions. Chapters address the geopolitics of knowledge production in the teaching, learning and use of English, with strong representations from the peripheries of sociolinguistic studies of English. English is constructed as a language which enables socioeconomic mobility which is one factor that increases the importance of research into this issue, and this book enables researchers to widen their methods of research and apply them to their area of study.A valuable text for academic researchers, as well as postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students, to better understand the linguistic, sociopolitical and epistemic inequality in English communication. It also provides readers with alternative perspectives on lingua-cultural pluralism to unpack social inequalities and hierarchies that exist today.
Investigation into Mr. Malone's Claim to Charter of Scholar: Volume 24
by Samuel IrelandFirst published in 1970. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Investigation Into The Reliefs Of Generals Orlando Ward And Terry Allen
by Major Richard H. Johnson Jr.Between April and August 1943, the U.S. Army's II Corps saw two of its division commanders relieved of their commands. Each relief appeared tied to battlefield setbacks. MG Orlando Ward of the 1st Armored Division was relieved after his division failed to seize a narrow mountain pass near the town of Maknassy, in Tunisia. Ward's superiors labeled him too cautious, unwilling or unable to motivate his soldiers to take their objective. Months later on the island of Sicily, MG Terry Allen was relieved of command of the 1st Infantry Division. His relief followed the failure to seize the Sicilian town of Troina. Allen's superiors accused him of being too hesitant in committing his entire force to the attack. He was branded an insubordinate rebel who cared only for his own troops.In both cases, a standard history of the events emerged. It was based on the official U.S. Army account and a narrow reading of primary sources. This version of events ascribed each relief to flaws in Ward and Allen's leadership ability. The standard description of the reliefs continues to appear in recent scholarship. However, some accounts departed from the accepted portrayal, and point to alternate reasons behind the reliefs. When these alternative accounts are considered along with a comprehensive examination of primary source material, a new argument emerges. Ward and Allen were removed from command for political and military reasons of expediency. From a broader perspective, this investigation revealed how wartime leaders dealt with unprecedented circumstances to accomplish their goals. Understanding the reliefs of Generals Ward and Allen provides insight into organizational decision making and its effect on the U.S. Army in the early portion of World War II.
An Investigation of Some Macro-Financial Linkages of Securitization
by Mangal Goswami Andreas Jobst Xin LongA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Investigations in Sociohistorical Linguistics
by Peter TrudgillIn the last five hundred years or so, the English language has undergone remarkable geographical expansion, bringing it into contact with other languages in new locations. It also caused different regional dialects of the language to come into contact with each other in colonial situations. This book is made up of a number of fascinating tales of historical-sociolinguistic detection. These are stories of origins - of a particular variety of English or linguistic feature - which together tell a compelling general story. In each case, Trudgill presents an intriguing puzzle, locates and examines the evidence, detects clues that unravel the mystery, and finally proposes a solution. The solutions are all original, often surprising, sometimes highly controversial. Providing a unique insight into how language contact shapes varieties of English, this entertaining yet rigorous account will be welcomed by students and researchers in linguistics, sociolinguistics and historical linguistics.
An Investigative Cinema: Politics and Modernization in Italian, French, and American Film
by Fabrizio CilentoThis book traces the development of investigative cinema, whose main characteristic lies in reconstructing actual events, political crises, and conspiracies. These documentary-like films refrain from a simplistic reconstruction of historical events and are mainly concerned with what does not immediately appear on the surface of events. Consequently, they raise questions about the nature of the “truth” promoted by institutions, newspapers, and media reports. By highlighting unanswered questions, they leave us with a lack of clarity, and the questioning of documentation becomes the actual narrative. Investigative cinema is examined in relation to the historical conjunctures of the “economic miracle” in Italy, the simultaneous decolonization and reordering of culture in France, the waves of globalization and neoliberalism in post-dictatorial Latin America, and the post-Watergate, post-9/11 climate in US society. Investigative cinema is exemplified by the films Salvatore Giuliano, The Battle of Algiers, The Parallax View, Gomorrah, Zero Dark Thirty, and Citizenfour.
The Investigative Enterprise: Experimental Physiology in Nineteenth-Century Medicine
by William Coleman Frederic L. HolmesThe seven distinguished contributors to this volume illuminate not only the history of the biological and medical sciences but also the relationship between institutes and ideas which characterized the explosion of scientific investigation, especially in Germany. Besides William Coleman and Frederic L. Holmes, they include Robert G. Frank, Jr., Timothy Lenoir, John E. Lesch, Kathryn M. Olesko, and Arlene M. Tuchman. Scientific investigation was not new to the nineteenth century, but it was during that period that it began to be carried out on a scale large enough to become crucial to the welfare of nations. Much remains to be learned about how the forms of organization characteristic of the modern investigative enterprise originated. This book explores such questions in relation to one of the dominant experimental sciences of the century, physiology. Each author shows, through the examination of a specific institute or a specific subject, that the interplay between research, pedagogy, personal vision, and state or public interests can be studied to particular advantage in localized settings. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1988.
The Investigator: Demons of the Balkan War
by Vladimír DzuroThe war that broke out in the former Yugoslavia at the end of the twentieth century unleashed unspeakable acts of violence committed against defenseless civilians, including a grizzly mass murder at an Ovčara pig farm in 1991. An international tribunal was set up to try the perpetrators of crimes such as this, and one of the accused was Slavko Dokmanović, who at the time was the mayor of a local town. Vladimír Dzuro, a criminal detective from Prague, was one of the investigators charged with discovering what happened on that horrific night at Ovčara. The story Dzuro presents here, drawn from his daily notes, is devastating. It was a time of brutal torture, random killings, and the disappearance of innocent people. Dzuro provides a gripping account of how he and a handful of other investigators picked up the barest of leads that eventually led them to the gravesite where they exhumed the bodies. They were able to track down Dokmanović, only to find that taking him into custody was a different story altogether. The politics that led to the war hindered justice once it ended. Without any thoughts of risk to their own personal safety, Dzuro and his colleagues were determined to bring Dokmanović to justice. In addition to the story of the pursuit and arrest of Dokmanović, The Investigator provides a realistic picture of the war crime investigations that led to the successful prosecution of a number of war criminals. Visit warcrimeinvestigator.com for more information or watch a book trailer.
Investing in Asian Offshore Currency Markets
by Michael C. S. Wong Wilson F. C. ChanThe offshore currency market is a foundation of offshore bond market, helping well-established corporations in global financing. Following the global financial tsunami in 2008 and European debt crisis in 2009-2011, this book aims to document the latest issues, challenges, trends and thoughts relating to offshore currency markets in Asia.
Investing in Life: Insurance in Antebellum America (Studies in Early American Economy and Society from the Library Company of Philadelphia)
by Sharon Ann MurphyWinner, Hagley Prize in Business History, Hagley Museum and Library and the Business History ConferenceInvesting in Life considers the creation and expansion of the American life insurance industry from its early origins in the 1810s through the 1860s and examines how its growth paralleled and influenced the emergence of the middle class.Using the economic instability of the period as her backdrop, Sharon Ann Murphy also analyzes changing roles for women; the attempts to adapt slavery to an urban, industrialized setting; the rise of statistical thinking; and efforts to regulate the business environment. Her research directly challenges the conclusions of previous scholars who have dismissed the importance of the earliest industry innovators while exaggerating clerical opposition to life insurance.Murphy examines insurance as both a business and a social phenomenon. She looks at how insurance companies positioned themselves within the marketplace, calculated risks associated with disease, intemperance, occupational hazard, and war, and battled fraud, murder, and suicide. She also discusses the role of consumers—their reasons for purchasing life insurance, their perceptions of the industry, and how their desires and demands shaped the ultimate product.
Investing in Life: Insurance in Antebellum America (Studies in Early American Economy and Society from the Library Company of Philadelphia)
by Sharon Ann MurphyA study of the early years of the life insurance industry in 19th century America.Investing in Life considers the creation and expansion of the American life insurance industry from its early origins in the 1810s through the 1860s and examines how its growth paralleled and influenced the emergence of the middle class.Using the economic instability of the period as her backdrop, Sharon Ann Murphy also analyzes changing roles for women; the attempts to adapt slavery to an urban, industrialized setting; the rise of statistical thinking; and efforts to regulate the business environment. Her research directly challenges the conclusions of previous scholars who have dismissed the importance of the earliest industry innovators while exaggerating clerical opposition to life insurance.Murphy examines insurance as both a business and a social phenomenon. She looks at how insurance companies positioned themselves within the marketplace, calculated risks associated with disease, intemperance, occupational hazard, and war, and battled fraud, murder, and suicide. She also discusses the role of consumers?their reasons for purchasing life insurance, their perceptions of the industry, and how their desires and demands shaped the ultimate product.Winner, Hagley Prize in Business History, Hagley Museum and Library and the Business History ConferencePraise for Investing in Life“A well-written, well-argued book that makes a number of important contributions to the history of business and capitalism in antebellum America.” —Sean H. Vanatta, Common Place“An intriguing, instructive history of the establishment and development of the life insurance industry that reveals a good deal about changing social and commercial conditions in antebellum America . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice
Investing in Peace: Aid and Conditionality after Civil Wars (Adelphi series #Vol. 351)
by James K. BoyceThis book analyzes the provision of aid to countries that have undergone negotiated settlements to civil wars, drawing on recent experiences in Bosnia, Cambodia, El Salvador, and Guatemala. It focuses on the potential for peace conditionality, linking aid to steps to implement accords and consolidate the peace. The book explores how aid can encourage domestic investment in peace-related needs; the reconciliation of long-run peacebuilding objectives with short-run humanitarian imperatives; and the obstacles that donors' priorities and procedures pose to effective aid for peace. It concludes that investing in peace requires not only the reconstruction of war-torn societies but also the reconstruction of aid itself.
Investing in Peace: How Development Aid Can Prevent or Promote Conflict
by Robert J. MuscatInternational intervention in internal wars has gained rhetorical legitimacy in the post-cold war period, but in practice it has remained problematic. Response to these conflicts has remained mainly diplomatic and military - and belated. Is there anything international actors can do to prevent, or at least ameliorate, such conflicts? Are conflict-prevention measures already being attempted, and sometimes succeeding so well that we are unaware of their effectiveness? If so, what can we learn from them? In this book, Robert J. Muscat, a veteran international development expert who has worked in South America, South and Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Balkans, attempts to answer these questions. Drawing on the work of others as well as his own extensive experience, he reviews the accrued insights into the causes of internal conflict. He examines nine cases in which the work of development agencies exacerbated or ameliorated the root causes of conflict. This permits some generalizations about the efficacy or deleterious effects of development programs - and of their futility when the conflict-prevention dimension of international assistance efforts is ignored.
Investing with Keynes: How the World's Greatest Economist Overturned Conventional Wisdom and Made a Fortune on the Stock Market
by Justyn WalshA guide to John Maynard Keynes—one of the greatest economic minds of the twentieth century—for today's investor.John Maynard Keynes was a many-sided figure – world-changing economist, architect of the post-War international monetary system, bestselling author, a Baron in the House of Lords, and key member of the Bloomsbury group. He also had the talent and ability to make vast sums of money in the stock market. At the time of his death, Keynes' net worth—almost entirely built through successful stock investments—amounted to the present-day equivalent of more than $30 million. Additionally, the college endowment fund he managed had massively outperformed the broader market over a two-decade period. Keynes was a member of that rare breed—an economist who flourished not only in the rarefied heights of ivory tower academia, but also amidst the hustle and votility of the financial markets. How does a study of Keynes—the shrewd stock picker and star fund manager—benefit the modern investor? In this volatile era, Keynes' observations on stock market behaviour, in fact, are more relevant than ever. Accessible and informative, this book identifies what modern masters of the market have taken from Keynes and used in their own investing styles—and what you too can learn from one of the most influential economic thinkers of the twentieth century.
Investment: A History (Columbia Business School Publishing)
by Norton Reamer Jesse DowningInvesting—the commitment of resources to achieve a return—affects individuals, families, companies, and nations, and has done so throughout history. Yet until the sixteenth century, investing was a privilege of only the elite classes. The story behind the democratization of investing is bound up with some of history's most epic events. It is also a tale rich with lessons for professional and everyday investors who hope to make wiser choices.This entertaining history doubles as a sophisticated account of the opportunities and challenges facing the modern investor. It follows the rise of funded retirement; the evolution of investment vehicles and techniques; investment misdeeds and regulatory reform; government economic policy; the development of investment theory; and the emergence of new investment structures. Norton Reamer and Jesse Downing map these trends and profile the battle between low cost index and exchange-traded funds, on the one hand, and the higher-fee hedge funds and private equity, on the other. By helping us understand this history and its legacy of risk, Reamer and Downing hope to better educate readers about the individual and societal impact of investing and ultimately level the playing field.
Investment And Reindustrialization In The Soviet Economy
by Boris Z. RumerInvestment activity in the Soviet Union is presently undergoing a decline hitherto unknown in the history of the nation: The growth of capital investment has stopped, while levels of production have fallen. One important factor in this phenomenon is the Soviet policy of reindustrialization—shifting new investments into the expansion and improvement of existing facilities—which severely limits capital available for new construction. In this book, Dr. Rumer examines current Soviet investment policies and assesses their impact on economic development, especially in Siberia. Reindustrialization is intended to combine more rapid amortization for updating and retooling, growth in the volume of industrial output, and minimal capital investment. However, concludes Dr. Rumer, this investment pattern hinders the development of Siberia and thus reinforces the spatial polarization of fuel-energy and raw-material resources in the east of the country and the manufacturing industry in the west, with serious consequences for Soviet strategic/military vulnerability and for the Soviet economy.
Investment in Blood
by Frank LedwidgeIn this follow-up to his much-praised book "Losing Small Wars: British Military Failure in Iraq and Afghanistan," Frank Ledwidge argues that Britain has paid a heavy cost - both financially and in human terms - for its involvement in the Afghanistan war. Ledwidge calculates the high price paid by British soldiers and their families, taxpayers in the United Kingdom, and, most importantly, Afghan citizens, highlighting the thousands of deaths and injuries, the enormous amount of money spent bolstering a corrupt Afghan government, and the long-term damage done to the British militarys international reputation. In this hard-hitting expose, based on interviews, rigorous on-the-ground research, and official information obtained through the Freedom of Information Act, Ledwidge demonstrates the folly of Britains extended participation in an unwinnable war. Arguing that the only true beneficiaries of the conflict are development consultants, international arms dealers, and Afghan drug kingpins, he provides a powerful, eye-opening, and often heartbreaking account of military adventurism gone horribly wrong.
Investment Incentives and the Global Competition for Capital: The Return Of The Dead (International Political Economy Series)
by Kenneth P. ThomasThis book considers the widespread treatment of traumatic memory in Irish fiction of the past thirty-five years. It focuses on both trauma fiction and the historical novel, and the way certain novelists looked to early events in twentieth century Irish history to engage the recent political violence in Northern Ireland beginning in 1969.
INVICTO: La vida y época del «Admiral One Leg», el vasco artífice de la mayor derrota ing
by Marco Antonio Calvo RosLa historia más veraz del Héroe de Cartagena de Indias: ni era pobre, ni se encontraba su familia en la ciudad. <P><P>Una visión de los acontecimientos más importantes de España y Europa en la primera mitad del siglo de la Ilustración, con los enredos de la ambiciosa y maquinadora Isabel de Farnesio, segunda esposa del monarca, empeñada en conquistar territorios italianos para colocar sus vástagos, mientras Don Felipe hacía de Don Tancredo, debido a su trastorno maniaco-depresivo. <P>La saga de la familia Iza, armadores y capitanes de barcos mercantes, con aventuras, duelos y luchas contra piratas. Las hazañas de Blas de Lezo son contadas por Martín de Iza, que junto a su padre, serán testigos de algunos de los hechos narrados. La parte final está dedicada a la poco conocida guerra de La Florida y la batalla de Cartagena de Indias, que supuso la mayor derrota naval inglesa del siglo XVIII -éxito atribuido al «Admiral One Leg»-,ocultada por Inglaterra e ignorada por las autoridades españolas. <P>Hay un pormenorizado estudio de las relaciones con el virrey del Perú y de Nueva Granada, con las maniobras de este último para ocultar la verdad de lo ocurrido en aquella plaza. Una apasionante novela histórica, que además de rendirle justo homenaje, está llamada a ser todo un documento sobre la época.
Invictus
by John CarlinBeginning in a jail cell and ending in a rugby tournament—the true story of how the most inspiring charm offensive in history brought South Africa together. After being released from prison and winning South Africa’s first free election, Nelson Mandela presided over a country still deeply divided by fifty years of apartheid. His plan was ambitious if not far-fetched: use the national rugby team, the Springboks—long an embodiment of white-supremacist rule—to embody and engage a new South Africa as they prepared to host the 1995 World Cup. The string of wins that followed not only defied the odds, but capped Mandela’s miraculous effort to bring South Africans together again in a hard-won, enduring bond. Watch a Video .
Invictus: Nelson Mandela and the Game That Made a Nation
by John CarlinSoon to be a major motion picture, directed by Clint Eastwood and starring Matt Damon and Morgan Freeman, "Invictus" tells the story of Nelson Mandela's ambitious plan to use South Africa's national rugby team to engage the still deeply divided country.
The Invictus (Relentless Enemy series #2)
by Keith GoadAncient Rome and today's Chicago: two battlefields in the longest war of earth and heaven.Craig Henriksen and Danny Walsh: two contemporary warriors in a struggle they barely understand. Despite the losses they've endured at his hands, they draw closer to the enemy and learn more about his nature and goals. Craig and Danny have become important targets.Craig has been on the front lines since his father died protecting him, but has only recently awakened to the powers he has inherited and the peril that results from having them. His cousin Danny is a Chicago policeman, brutally wounded in body and spirit by this age-old adversary. As they work together, clues begin to coalesce and they face ever-fiercer attacks from a well-disguised and ruthless enemy with indescribable powers who always seems one step ahead of them.Will they understand the war in which they fight---in time to survive it?