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Computers, Cockroaches, And Ecosystems: Understanding Learning Through Metaphor
by Kevin J. PughOf all the topics ever studied, surely one of the most compelling is human learning itself. What is the nature of the human mind? How do we understand and process new information? Where do new ideas come from? How is our very intelligence a product of society and culture? <p><p> Computers, Cockroaches, and Ecosystems: Understanding Learning through Metaphor brings to light the great discoveries about human learning by illuminating key metaphors underlying the major learning perspectives. Such metaphors include, among others, the mind as computer, the mind as ecosystem, and the mind as cultural tools. These metaphors reveal the essence of different learning perspectives in a way that is accessible and engaging for teachers and students. <p> Each metaphor is brought to life through stories ranging from the humorous to the profound. The book conveys scholarly ideas in a personal manner and will be a delight for teachers, university students, parents, business or military trainers, or anyone with an interest in learning.
Computing Meaning: Volume 4 (Text, Speech and Language Technology #47)
by Harry Bunt Johan Bos Stephen PulmanThis book is a collection of papers by leading researchers in computational semantics. It presents a state-of-the-art overview of recent and current research in computational semantics, including descriptions of new methods for constructing and improving resources for semantic computation, such as WordNet, VerbNet, and semantically annotated corpora. It also presents new statistical methods in semantic computation, such as the application of distributional semantics in the compositional calculation of sentence meanings. Computing the meaning of sentences, texts, and spoken or texted dialogue is the ultimate challenge in natural language processing, and the key to a wide range of exciting applications. The breadth and depth of coverage of this book makes it suitable as a reference and overview of the state of the field for researchers in Computational Linguistics, Semantics, Computer Science, Cognitive Science, and Artificial Intelligence.
Computing as Writing
by Daniel PundayThis book examines the common metaphor that equates computing and writing, tracing it from the naming of devices (&“notebook&” computers) through the design of user interfaces (the &“desktop&”) to how we describe the work of programmers (&“writing&” code). Computing as Writing ponders both the implications and contradictions of the metaphor.During the past decade, analysis of digital media honed its focus on particular hardware and software platforms. Daniel Punday argues that scholars should, instead, embrace both the power and the fuzziness of the writing metaphor as it relates to computing—which isn&’t simply a set of techniques or a collection of technologies but also an idea that resonates throughout contemporary culture. He addresses a wide array of subjects, including film representations of computing (Desk Set, The Social Network), Neal Stephenson&’s famous open source manifesto, J. K. Rowling&’s legal battle with a fan site, the sorting of digital libraries, subscription services like Netflix, and the Apple versus Google debate over openness in computing.Punday shows how contemporary authors are caught between traditional notions of writerly authority and computing&’s emphasis on doing things with writing. What does it mean to be a writer today? Is writing code for an app equivalent to writing a novel? Should we change how we teach writing? Punday&’s answers to these questions and others are original and refreshing, and push the study of digital media in productive new directions.
Computing the News: Data Journalism and the Search for Objectivity
by Sylvain ParasieFaced with a full-blown crisis, a growing number of journalists are engaging in seemingly unjournalistic practices such as creating and maintaining databases, handling algorithms, or designing online applications. “Data journalists” claim that these approaches help the profession demonstrate greater objectivity and fulfill its democratic mission. In their view, computational methods enable journalists to better inform their readers, more closely monitor those in power, and offer deeper analysis. In Computing the News, Sylvain Parasie examines how data journalists and news organizations have navigated the tensions between traditional journalistic values and new technologies. He traces the history of journalistic hopes for computing technology and contextualizes the surge of data journalism in the twenty-first century. By importing computational techniques and ways of knowing new to journalism, news organizations have come to depend on a broader array of human and nonhuman actors. Parasie draws on extensive fieldwork in the United States and France, including interviews with journalists and data scientists as well as a behind-the-scenes look at several acclaimed projects in both countries. Ultimately, he argues, fulfilling the promise of data journalism requires the renewal of journalistic standards and ethics. Offering an in-depth analysis of how computing has become part of the daily practices of journalists, this book proposes ways for journalism to evolve in order to serve democratic societies.
Comrade Sister: Caribbean Feminist Revisions of the Grenada Revolution (New World Studies)
by Laurie R. LambertIn 1979, the Marxist-Leninist New Jewel Movement under Maurice Bishop overthrew the government of the Caribbean island country of Grenada, establishing the People’s Revolutionary Government. The United States under President Reagan infamously invaded Grenada in 1983, staying until the New National Party won election, effectively dealing a death blow to socialism in Grenada.With Comrade Sister, Laurie Lambert offers the first comprehensive study of how gender and sexuality produced different narratives of the Grenada Revolution. Reimagining this period with women at its center, Laurie Lambert shows how the revolution must be recognized for its both productive and corrosive tendencies. Lambert argues that the literature of the Grenada Revolution exposes how the more harmful aspects of revolution are visited on, and are therefore more apparent to, women. Calling attention to the mark of black feminism on the literary output of Caribbean writers of this period, Lambert addresses the gap between women’s active participation in Caribbean revolution versus the lack of recognition they continue to receive.
Comrades and Critics
by Candida RifkindWhile Canadian historians have studied socialism in the 1930s, and although there have been many studies of American and British literary leftists from this period, Comrades and Critics is the first full-length study of Canada's 1930s literary left. Challenging dominant perceptions that this decade was a lull between the more celebrated modernist enterprises of the 1920s and 1940s, Candida Rifkind argues that the events of the 1930s - from mass unemployment, to the dustbowl, to the Spanish Civil War - galvanized a generation of writers, leading them to unite artistic practice and political action in provocative and influential ways. Analyzing and recovering much-neglected poems, plays, manifestoes, and documentaries, Rifkind demonstrates how leftist cultural production came to dominate English-Canadian literature by the end of the decade. She pays particular attention to the significant role that women writers played in this period and examines a diverse group of writers that included Dorothy Livesay, Anne Marriott, Irene Baird, and Toby Gordon Ryan. These writers negotiated the struggle to revolutionize both literature and politics, while being subject to the gender hierarchies of socialism and literary modernism that continued long after the thirties came to an end. A groundbreaking study in Canadian history and literature, Comrades and Critics is a much-needed examination of an important and still influential literary period.
Comunicación láser: Herramientas para una comunicación afectiva
by Gustavo ReyPrimer libro del comunicador y periodista Gustavo Rey. Con más de treinta años de experiencia en medios de comunicación, el autor se ha posicionado como uno de los referentes más importantes en el área de comunicación personal y empresarial. Este libro es una caja de herramientas donde el lector podrá encontrar distintas alternativas para conocerse y comunicarse mejor de acuerdo a las diversas situaciones planteadas. Con una narración ágil, dinámica y entretenida Gustavo Rey nos habla desde la experiencia personal y nos transmite los conceptos más importantes de los referentes de la comunicación. Con más de 30 años de experiencia en el área de la comunicación, como periodista, docente, speaker y coach, Gustavo Rey nos presenta Comunicación láser. Herramientas para una comunicación afectiva, un texto ágil, dinámico y lleno de experiencias que nos permitirá adquirir las más diversas herramientas para mejorar nuestra comunicación y a nosotros como personas. Desde cómo preparar una presentación laboral a cómo afrontar una charla de pareja; cómo escuchar y cómo hablar; cómo planificar una clase o simplemente cómo interpretar las emociones y las reacciones de los otros; este libro aporta conocimientos basados en la experiencia personal del autor y presenta los grandes conceptos de la comunicación como disciplina. Al decir del autor, «las mejores prácticas se basan en buenas teorías y nada alimenta más una buena teoría que las prácticas que hacemos». Comunicación láser es un libro interactivo donde el lector entablará una relación con el autor, podrá realizarse preguntas y navegar a través de códigos QR a videos que enriquecerán su experiencia. ¿Cómo comunicarnos de una manera efectiva y afectiva? Esa es la pregunta central que autor y lector intentarán responder.
Comunicar com Eficácia: Quem Ouvimos, Quem Não Ouvimos e Porquê
by Stephen Martin Joseph MarksCOMO CONQUISTAR CONFIANÇA, SABER TRANSMITIR MENSAGENS E INFLUENCIAR PESSOAS Vivemos num mundo em que factos comprovados e dados verificáveis estão amplamente disponíveis. Porque será, então, que as pessoas escolhem dar ouvidos a ignorantes em vez de prestar atenção a especialistas confiáveis? E por que motivo pormenores aparentemente irrelevantes, como a aparência física ou o estatuto socioeconómico, influenciam se iremos ou não confiar no que uma pessoa diz, independentemente da fiabilidade dos seus conhecimentos? Neste livro inovador, os especialistas em ciência comportamental Stephen Martin e Joseph Marks revelam as forças que atuam por detrás de alguns dos fenómenos mais irritantes e nocivos da atualidade, como a crença em fake news ou a conquista de cargos políticos por parte de pessoas que veiculam informações erradas e mentem de forma descarada. Explicam também de que forma o mensageiro, ao deter ou ao adquirir determinados traços, como os que definem uma pessoa carismática, se pode tornar mais importante do que a mensagem veiculada, influenciando negócios, políticas, comunidades e a nossa sociedade em geral. «Comunicar com Eficácia é um verdadeiro tour de force que aborda um assunto crucial de forma oportuna e fortemente fundamentada em pesquisas. Não consigo pensar em nenhum outro livro capaz de tratar de modo tão convincente os papéis e os atributos do mensageiro moderno.» Robert Cialdini, autor bestseller de Pré-Suasão «Compreender em quem confiamos e porquê é fundamental para explicar tudo, desde a liderança ao poder, e até mesmo os nossos relacionamentos diários. Esclarecedor e interessante, este livro ajuda-nos a entender aqueles que seguimos e por que motivo o fazemos, seja na política, nos negócios ou na vida quotidiana.» Sinan Aral, professor de Gestão no MIT «A utilidade deste livro reside no facto de ter sido concebido para auxiliar consumidores e cidadãos a entenderem quando estão a ser manipulados e a tomarem medidas para resistir a isso.» Harvard Business Review «Um livro que demonstra como a nossa consideração inata por fatores como a beleza ou o estatuto, em detrimento de evidências e factos comprovados, torna pouco surpreendente que vivamos num mundo inundado de fake news.» Financial Times
Con Men: Fascinating Profiles of Swindlers and Rogues from the Files of the Most Successful Broadcast in Television History
by Ian Jackman60 Minutes brings its award-winning journalistic skills and unmistakable broadcast style to the page, delving into its archives to present stories on one of the program's most popular subjects: the con man. Con Men exposes a truly eclectic group of swindlers and rogues: the extraordinary characters of ABSCAM, pyramid-scheme millionaires and stock-market crooks, snake-oil salesmen and art forgers. Many of them are diabolical -- all of them are intriguing. Here 60 Minutes captures each one in vivid det...
Con la esperanza entre los dientes
by John BergerCon la esperanza entre los dientes es un polémico e incisivo retrato de nuestro tiempo, una profunda meditación acerca del significado actual del compromiso político. Visceral y apasionada, esta obra aúna la más lúcida perspectiva literaria con el más reflexivo activismo político y social y sugiere el pensamiento y la acción que podrían ayudar a acabar con la injusticia y el sufrimiento en el mundo. John Berger analiza la esencia del terrorismo y el drama del desarraigo de millones de personas que se han visto obligados por la pobreza y la guerra a vivir en calidad de refugiados. Su mirada implacable ilumina la situación de Afganistán, Irak, Palestina, Serbia, Bosnia, China, Indonesia, y todos aquellos lugares donde la gente se ve privada de la más básica de las libertades. Reseñas:«Toda obra de John Berger es un hito... Sus admiradores reconocerán la característica mezcla de compasión y lucidez, honestidad discursiva, calor humano y ejemplaridad cosmopolita.»The Times Literary Supplement «John Berger se ha convertido en una de las voces esenciales para comprender el estado de nuestra sociedad... Un hombre que combina a la perfección compromiso y reflexión.»El Confidencial «Iluminador... Una meditación seria acerca de la ética del poder.»Los Angeles Times «John Berger escribe acerca de lo que verdaderamente importa... En la literatura contemporánea, me parece incomparable.»Susan Sontag «Para Berger, ganador del premio Booker, pintor, filósofo, crítico y activista, el acto de observar es una forma de empatía... Compasivo y sensible en su visión de nuestro mundo en peligro, Berger ha visto mucho y ha sentido más.»Booklist «En la lucha entre la desesperación y la luz, sólo la existencia de alguien como Berger hace que el combate tenga sentido.»Isabel Coixet «Sus contemporáneos más cercanosen términos de audacia estética podrían ser Umberto Eco o el tardío W. G. Sebald, pero resulta difícil compararlo a cualquier autor inglés del último medio siglo. Berger, simplemente, rompió todos los moldes.»The Guardian
Con la lengua fuera: Críticas, chascarrillos y explicaciones sobre el léxico deportivo
by Álex Grijelmo¿Un jugador equivoca un tiro? ¿Existen las finales a cuatro? ¿Puede un equipo ser más líder en una jornada respecto a la anterior? ¿En el mundo del deporte se utilizan metáforas como en la poesía? La lengua en el deporte da mucho juego. Entre 2016 y 2019, Álex Grijelmo publicó en As una serie de artículos sobre la lengua española en el deporte de los que ahora pueden disfrutar todos los lectores interesados en el idioma y en su tratamiento en los medios de comunicación. En ellos el autor muestra cómo el léxico utilizado por deportistas, comentaristas y periodistas se mueve entre la tradición, la innovación y los extranjerismos, y los usos incorrectos que empobrecen el lenguaje o le privan de eficacia y belleza. Pero también le reconoce hallazgos léxicos, metáforas brillantes y frases memorables. En este libro hay propuestas de mejora del estilo junto con elogios hacia aportaciones certeras. Se habla de fútbol, de baloncesto, de balonmano, de boxeo, de tenis, de los deportes de motor... Pero sobre todo, se habla de la lengua española. Un tema que da mucho juego. «Píldora tras píldora, constituía un tratamiento que en el tiempo fue haciendo efecto. Comprobé cómo poco a poco redactores descuidados dejaban de serlo, se ahorraban latiguillos, sustituían barbarismos por su adecuado equivalente en castellano. Y cuando alguno no lo hacía, no faltaba quien se lo decía con las tablas de la ley en la mano, como se llegó a conocer en la redacción aquella serie de instrucciones-reconvenciones que Grijelmo desarrollaba [...]. El deporte tiene un alto consumo y todo lo que se haga para que no envicie sino limpie el castellano es justo y necesario. Eso le da un valor único a estas píldoras medicinales que Álex Grijelmo escribió, según él, con la lengua fuera.»Del prólogo de Alfredo Relaño La crítica ha dicho:«Nuestros textos se enriquecerían si prestáramos atención a las reflexiones de Álex Grijelmo.»Soledad Gallego-Díaz, El País «Un libro didáctico que se lee con la pasión de una novela.»Gabriel García Márquez, sobre El estilo del periodista «Grijelmo viaja a los orígenes de nuestra lengua y de sus asuntos de género para evitar confusiones y expresiones tan políticamente correctas como ridículas.»Laura Revuelta, ABC, sobre Propuesta de acuerdo sobre el lenguaje inclusivo «Si alguien aúna con esmero periodismo y preocupación por el lenguaje, es Álex Grijelmo.»El País
Con la literatura en el cuerpo
by Alberto Ruy SánchezUn diálogo con los habitantes del gran sueño melancólico del siglo XX Dieciséis ensayos narrativos escritos con la prosa que caracteriza a Alberto Ruy Sánchez, retoman a una protagonista, la melancolía, que se pronuncia por el yo y reivindica el cuerpo. Los ensayos se dividen en tres secciones. En la primera, "Memorias de catedrales góticas", se comenta la obra y vida de escritores poseídos por fuerzas que los arrebatan y cuyo torbellino vital es visible en su obra: Rilke, Alberto Savinio, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italo Calvino, Marguerite Yourcenar, Samuel Beckett, Max Frisch y Victor Hugo. La segunda, "Memoria de prisiones góticas", reúne a escritores bajo el efecto destructivo de regímenes dictatoriales. Aquellos que sobreviven llevan la huella de esa sombra sobre su piel: Mijail Shostakovich, Nadiezhda Mandelstam, Eugeny Zamiatin, George Orwell, Panait Istrati, Herling, Dostoievski y Solzhenitsyn. La tercera, "Memoria de tumbas góticas", reúne a escritores desaparecidos mientras este libro se fue escribiendo. Cada ensayo es una lápida, una frase hacia ellos: Michel Foucault y Roland Barthes.
Con mi hij@ no: Manual para prevenir, entender y sanar el abuso sexual
by Lydia CachoUna radiografía completa del abuso sexual a menores. Desde sus orígenes, las culturas en las que se ha fomentado y los porqués, los protagonistas, las consecuencias, las formas de afrontarlo y las acciones que se pueden tomar para contrarrestarlo y combatirlo. Con mi hij@ no es un manual para toda la gente que tiene contacto con menores de edad: madres, padres y profesionales de la educación y la justicia que quieran saber cómo hablar con las y los niños sobre sexualidad y prevención del abuso, cómo detectarlo; qué decir y qué no a una víctima. Este libro nació en los más de 3000 correos electrónicos recibidos por Lydia Cacho tras publicarse Los demonios del Edén, en que sus lectoras y lectores compartieron con ella su más grande secreto: que sufrieron abuso sexual en su niñez o que sus propias hijas e hijos lo padecieron. Otras personas buscaban orientación para proteger a sus pequeños. Asíque, preocupada por la inmensa cantidad de casos y el terrible escenario, Lydia Cacho redactó este manual para contrarrestar el abuso sexual infantil. Escrito en un lenguaje ágil y con el particular estilo de Lydia Cacho, Con mi hij@ no traza una radiografía del abuso sexual a menores. Desde los orígenes históricos en que se ha fomentado hasta los perfiles para detectar a pedófilos y pederastas. Nos muestra cómo hasta los casos más difíciles pueden sanar con la ayuda adecuada; explica qué es el estrés postraumático y cómo funciona la química del cuerpo ante la violencia. Ilustra con anécdotas y casos conmovedores los caminos para denunciar, sanar y erradicar la violencia sexual. Reforzada en una profunda investigación, en entrevistas con expertos en el tema y por su fructífera experiencia personal, la autora nos ofrece en estas páginas valiosas herramientas para evitar, combatir y superar el abuso infantil.
Con total libertad
by Zadie SmithUn libro cargado de agudeza, frescura y empatía que nos ilumina en un mundo cada vez más cambiante y contradictorio. Zadie Smith ha demostrado ser una ensayista brillante y singular, haciendo que cada texto suyo sea un acontecimiento literario por derecho propio. Con total libertad, que recopila algunos de los más celebrados, abarca el amplísimo rango de intereses de Smith: desde todas las facetas de la cultura y la libertad artística hasta los temas más acuciantes de la política y la actualidad, siempre desde una perspectiva original y radicalmente personal. Gracias a su fina agudeza, una frescura contagiosa y una empatía extraordinaria, este libro es una guía imprescindible para entender un mundo, el nuestro, cada vez más complejo y contradictorio. La crítica ha dicho:«Ecléctica en sus gustos y centrífuga en su estilo, Zadie Smith disfruta, como articulista, de ampliar los límites de su pensamiento [...] En la línea de Hazlitt y Orwell, Woolf y Angela Carter.»The Financial Times «Interesante, sagaz [...]¿Se debe leer este libro brillante? ¡Por supuesto que sí!»The Independent «Un libro inteligente, ingenioso y a menudo hilarante que demuestra que (Zadie Smith) es una de las mentes más brillantes de la literatura británica de hoy en día.»NPR «Es un placer exquisito observar a Zadie Smith pensar a lo largo de estas páginas.»The New York Times Book Review «Smith lleva a la escritura de artículos sus dotes como novelista: buen ojo para el detalle, sutiles giros en las frases.»The Boston Globe «Estos ensayos en su conjunto reflejan una mente abierta, vivaz, natural, rigurosa, erudita y seria, ocupada en perfeccionar su manera de ver la vida, la literatura y la relación entre ambas. Smith demuestra que es mucho más que una cabeza adulta y comprensiva sobre unos hombros muy jóvenes. Y lo demuestra con su apasionada, compulsivamente dialéctica y atractiva indagación de la literatura».Los Angeles Times «No importa sobre lo que escriba -su padre, Kafka, Liberia, George Clooney-: colocar cualquier tema dentro del campo magnético de su cerebro incansable basta para volverlo fascinante. Smith [...] tiene el don de mostrarnos cómo lee y piensa; al ver cómo lo hace, uno se siente a su vez más inteligente y observador por ósmosis.»Time
Con ánimo de ofender (1998-2001)
by Arturo Pérez-ReverteRecopilación de todos los artículos publicados por Arturo Pérez-Reverte en la revista El Semanal desde finales del año 1998 hasta el 2001. De ser cierta la afirmación de que la mejor literatura es la que hoy se hace en los periódicos, Con ánimo de ofender es sin duda literatura viva, de la calle y de cada día, personalísima, brillante y comprometida hasta la médula. Después de Patente de corso, este Con ánimo de ofender continúa recopilando la polémica, original y personalísima página de opinión de Arturo Pérez-Reverte en el suplemento dominical El Semanal, que llega a más de cuatro millones de lectores. Su compromiso personal, su honestidad y su coherencia quedan recogidos en esta selección apasionante de textos que miran tanto a la literatura como a las más variadas caras de la sociedad contemporánea.
Conamara Chronicles: Tales from Iorras Aithneach (Irish Culture, Memory, Place)
by Seán Mac Giollarnáth"I find him to be a kindred spirit, a sympathetic but shrewd enquirer, a companionable stroller, and a lover of anecdotes gathered by the wayside." So Tim Robinson described folklorist, revolutionary, and district justice Seán Mac Giollarnáth, whose 1941 book Annála Beaga ó Iorras Aithneach revealed his sheer delight in the rich language and stories of the people he encountered in Conamara, the Irish-speaking region in the south of Connemara. From tales of smugglers, saints, and scholars to memories of food, work, and family, the stories gathered here provide invaluable insights into the lives and culture of the community. This faithful and lovingly crafted translation, complete with annotations, a biography, and thoughtful chapters that explore the importance of the language and region, is the final work of both Robinson and his collaborator, the renowned writer and Irish language expert Liam Mac Con Iomaire. Translated into English for the first time, Conamara Chronicles: Tales from Iorras Aithneach preserves the art of storytellers in the West of Ireland and honors the inspiration they kindle even still.
Conceding Composition: A Crooked History of Composition's Institutional Fortunes
by Ryan SkinnellFirst-year composition became the most common course in American higher education not because it could “fix” underprepared student writers, but because it has historically served significant institutional interests. That is, it can be “conceded” in multiple ways to help institutions solve political, promotional, and financial problems. Conceding Composition is a wide-ranging historical examination of composition’s evolving institutional value in American higher education over the course of nearly a century. Based on extensive archival research conducted at six American universities and using the specific cases of institutional mission, regional accreditation, and federal funding, this study demonstrates that administrators and faculty have introduced, reformed, maintained, threatened, or eliminated composition as part of negotiations related to nondisciplinary institutional exigencies. Viewing composition from this perspective, author Ryan Skinnell raises new questions about why composition exists in the university, how it exists, and how teachers and scholars might productively reconceive first-year composition in light of its institutional functions. The book considers the rhetorical, political, organizational, institutional, and promotional options conceding composition opened up for institutions of higher education and considers what the first-year course and the discipline might look like with composition’s transience reimagined not as a barrier but as a consummate institutional value.
Conceiving Strangeness in British First World War Writing
by Claire BuckConceiving Strangeness in British First World War Writing reframes Britain's First World War experience within a broader understanding of Britain's history as an imperial nation. From E. M. Forster's writing about his Red Cross work in Alexandria to National Velvet author Enid Bagnold's Diary Without Dates about her experience in war hospitals, this volume opens up our sense of war writing. The work of Siegfried Sassoon and John Masefield is set beside that of Mulk Raj Anand and Captain Roly Grimshaw, to complicate and enlarge what we think of when we think of Great War literature. In addition, the examination of the origins of the Imperial War Museum helps to make clear the massive cultural efforts, starting during the war itself, at shaping British understanding of everything from home front to no-man's-land. The analysis and historical detail in this book change our cultural understanding not only of war writing but also of the war itself.
Concentrationary Art: Jean Cayrol, the Lazarean, and the Everyday in Post-war Film, Literature, Music and the Visual Arts
by Griselda Pollock Max SilvermanLargely forgotten over the years, the seminal work of French poet, novelist and camp survivor Jean Cayrol has experienced a revival in the French-speaking world since his death in 2005. His concept of a concentrationary art—the need for an urgent and constant aesthetic resistance to the continuing effects of the concentrationary universe—proved to be a major influence for Hannah Arendt and other writers and theorists across a number of disciplines. Concentrationary Art presents the first translation into English of Jean Cayrol’s key essays on the subject, as well as the first book-length study of how we might situate and elaborate his concept of a Lazarean aesthetic in cultural theory, literature, cinema, music and contemporary art.
Concept-based Language Instruction: Usage-based Linguistics and Sociocultural Theory in Teaching Japanese (Routledge Studies in Applied Linguistics)
by Kyoko Masuda Amy Snyder Ohta Rie TsujiharaThis volume showcases how concept-based language instruction (C-BLI) can be effectively integrated into foreign language instruction.C-BLI is grounded in the relationship between theory, research, and practice, incorporating visual aids called SCOBAs (schemas for a complete orientating basis of action) designed to teach accurate scientific concepts. SCOBAs materialize L2 usage-based linguistic and cultural concepts to create tools that promote conceptual understanding and internalization. Three overview chapters lay out the book’s sociocultural theoretic foundations, the role of mediation, usage-based linguistics, and the concept of subjective construal; internalization and its role in re-mediating the mind for L2 learning; and L2 pragmatics teaching and assessment. Subsequent chapters enact praxis via classroom research on C-BLI. Each study focuses on a difficult-to-acquire area of Japanese pragmatics and/or grammar, incorporating SCOBAs that teach core concepts; instruction moves from SCOBA-mediated interactive lecture to internalization tasks involving languaging to language practice. Each chapter concludes with a section for critical reflection to inform future research and materials design.With its focus on research-teaching connections via praxis elucidating the power of linking concept-based language instruction with usage-based linguistics, this book will interest students and scholars of second language acquisition, language teaching and learning, applied linguistics, Japanese, and Asian languages.Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Conceptions of Knowledge Creation, Knowledge and Knowing: A Phenomenography of Singapore Chinese Language Teachers
by Seng Chee Tan Yuh Huann TanThis book responds to calls for further advancing knowledge creation in schools. It examines sixteen Chinese Language teachers from Singapore, since language teachers are primarily responsible for the basic literacy that is the foundation of students’ lifelong learning. Positing that people’s cultural beliefs and the language(s) they use are inseparable, the book argues that Chinese language teachers possess a unique understanding of the various phenomena that reflect the influences of Chinese culture by virtue of the language they speak and teach. For the purposes of the investigation, it employs phenomenography — a methodology aimed at finding and systematising how people interpret the world around them — to determine and describe Chinese language teachers’ conceptions of these phenomena.
Conceptions of Literacy: Graduate Instructors and the Teaching of First-Year Composition
by Meaghan BrewerAddressing the often fraught and truncated nature of educating new writing instructors, Conceptions of Literacy proposes a theoretical framework for examining new graduate student instructors’ preexisting attitudes and beliefs about literacy. Based on an empirical study author Meaghan Brewer conducted with graduate students teaching first-year composition for the first time, Conceptions of Literacy draws on narratives, interviews, and classroom observations to describe the conceptions of literacy they have already unknowingly established and how these conceptions impact the way they teach in their own classrooms. Brewer argues that conceptions of literacy undergird the work of writing instructors and that many of the anxieties around composition studies’ disciplinary status are related to the differences perceived between the field’s conceptions of literacy and those of the graduate instructors and adjuncts who teach the majority of composition courses. Conceptions of Literacy makes practical recommendations for how new graduate instructors can begin to perceive and interrogate their conceptions of literacy, which, while influential, are often too personal to recognize.
Concepts and Categories: Foundations for Sociological and Cultural Analysis (The Middle Range Series)
by Michael T. Hannan László Pólos Greta Hsu Giacomo Negro Gaël Le Mens Balázs Kovács Elizabeth Pontikes Amanda J. SharkeyWhy do people like books, music, or movies that adhere consistently to genre conventions? Why is it hard for politicians to take positions that cross ideological boundaries? Why do we have dramatically different expectations of companies that are categorized as social media platforms as opposed to news media sites? The answers to these questions require an understanding of how people use basic concepts in their everyday lives to give meaning to objects, other people, and social situations and actions.In this book, a team of sociologists presents a groundbreaking model of concepts and categorization that can guide sociological and cultural analysis of a wide variety of social situations. Drawing on research in various fields, including cognitive science, computational linguistics, and psychology, the book develops an innovative view of concepts. It argues that concepts have meanings that are probabilistic rather than sharp, occupying fuzzy, overlapping positions in a “conceptual space.” Measurements of distances in this space reveal our mental representations of categories. Using this model, important yet commonplace phenomena such as our routine buying decisions can be quantified in terms of the cognitive distance between concepts. Concepts and Categories provides an essential set of formal theoretical tools and illustrates their application using an eclectic set of methodologies, from micro-level controlled experiments to macro-level language processing. It illuminates how explicit attention to concepts and categories can give us a new understanding of everyday situations and interactions.
Concepts in Action: Representation, Learning, and Application (Language, Cognition, and Mind #9)
by Lucas Bechberger Kai-Uwe Kühnberger Mingya LiuThis open access book is a timely contribution in presenting recent issues, approaches, and results that are not only central to the highly interdisciplinary field of concept research but also particularly important to newly emergent paradigms and challenges. The contributors present a unique, holistic picture for the understanding and use of concepts from a wide range of fields including cognitive science, linguistics, philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. The chapters focus on three distinct points of view that lie at the core of concept research: representation, learning, and application. The contributions present a combination of theoretical, experimental, computational, and applied methods that appeal to students and researchers working in these fields.
Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practices in the Teaching of Writing
by Irene L. ClarkConcepts in Composition is designed to foster reflection on how theory impacts practice, allowing prospective teachers to assume the dual role of both teacher and student as they enter the discipline of Writing Studies and become familiar with some of its critical conversations. Now in its third edition, the volume offers up-to-date scholarship and a deeper focus on diversity, both in the classroom and in relation to Writing Studies and literacy more broadly. This text continues to offer a wealth of practical assignments, classroom activities, and readings in each chapter. It is the ideal resource for the undergraduate or graduate student looking to pursue a career in writing instruction.