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Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems
by Jeffrey Shallit Florin Manea Cezar CâmpeanuThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems, DCFS 2015, held in Waterloo, ON, Canada, in June 2015. The 23 full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. The subject of the workshop was descriptional complexity. Roughly speaking, this field is concerned with the size of objects in various mathematical models of computation, such as finite automata, pushdown automata, and Turing machines. Descriptional complexity serves as a theoretical representation of physical realizations, such as the engineering complexity of computer software and hardware. It also models similar complexity phenomena in other areas of computer science, including unconventional computing and bioinformatics.
Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems
by Cezar Câmpeanu Giovanni PighizziniThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Workshop of Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems 2011, held in Limburg, Germany, in July 2011. The 21 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The topics covered are automata, grammars, languages and related systems, various measures and modes of operations (e. g. , determinism and nondeterminism); trade-offs between computational models and/or operations; succinctness of description of (finite) objects; state explosion-like phenomena; circuit complexity of Boolean functions and related measures; resource-bounded or structure-bounded environments; frontiers between decidability and undecidability; universality and reversibility; structural complexity; formal systems for applications (e. g. , software reliability, software and hardware testing, modeling of natural languages); nature-motivated (bio-inspired) architectures and unconventional models of computing; Kolmogorov complexity.
Descriptionary (3rd edition)
by Marc MccutcheonAre you exerting your corrugator overmuch trying to remember what to call more than one ferret? This combination of a reverse dictionary and thesaurus groups terms by basic themes, making it easy to find that ferrets in a communal situation constitute a "business." The groups include animals, architecture, clothing, electronics, finance, the human body, language, medicine, the military, music, performing arts, the physical sciences, religion, sports, tools, transportation, and weapons, with categories such as British terms, Internet chatting, and street slang added for this edition. The book is rounded out with an index that helps readers locate words they think they might know, and a list of words and expressions that they really should know. Annotation ©2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Descriptions in Context (Routledge Library Editions: Semantics and Semiology #4)
by Cleo A. CondoravdiFirst published in 1997, this book focuses on the semantics of definite and indefinite descriptions — taking the presuppositional theory of definiteness and indefiniteness proposed by Heim as a starting point. It seeks to show that there exists a special type of indefinites that have an interpretation commonly associated with definites. It further argues that the felicity conditions associated with indefinite NP’s can vary and develops a more fine-grained theory of novelty within the framework of File Change Semantics. More generally, this work can be seen as providing an empirical argument in favour of a dynamic theory of meaning and against the more traditional truth-conditional theory.
Descriptions, Translations and the Caribbean
by Rosanna Masiola Renato TomeiThis book offers a new perspective on the role played by colonial descriptions and translation of Caribbean plants in representations of Caribbean culture. Through thorough examination of Caribbean phytonyms in lexicography, colonization, history, songs and translation studies, the authors argue that the Westernisation of vernacular phytonyms, while systematizing the nomenclature, blurred and erased the cultural tradition of Caribbean plants and medicinal herbs. Means of transmission and preservation of this oral culture was in the plantation songs and herb vendor songs. Musical creativity is a powerful form of resistance, as in the case of Reggae music and the rise of Rastafarians, and Bob Marley's 'untranslatable' lyrics. This book will be of interest to scholars of Caribbean studies and to linguists interested in pushing the current Eurocentric boundaries of translation studies.
Descriptive Archaeoastronomy and Ancient Indian Chronology
by Amitabha GhoshThis book presents the basic fundamentals of descriptive archaeoastronomy and its application to the astronomical descriptions found in ancient Indian scriptures. Archaeoastronomy is a branch of positional astronomy that helps to determine the epochs of ancient astronomical alignments and special astronomical events. In this book, only the descriptions of special stellar alignments and events found in ancient texts can identify the antiquity of the descriptions. India possesses a large volume of ancient scriptures like Vedas and Puranas which contain many astronomical descriptions as in ancient India positional astronomy was well developed. The antiquities of these texts are determined through archaeoastronomical techniques. Major events like Mahabharata War are dated and using these dates a chronology of ancient India is determined. The astronomically determined chronology is compared with the results from various archaeological, palaeoclimatological, geological and genealogical investigations of ancient India. This introductory book interests readers interested in unveiling the mystery involved with the protohistory of this ancient civilization.
Descriptive Metadata for Television: An End-to-End Introduction
by Mike Cox Linda Tadic Ellen MulderDescriptive Metadata for Television is a comprehensive introduction for television professionals that need to understand metadata's purpose and technology. This easy-to-read book translates obscure technical to hands-on language understandable by real people.
Descriptive Syntax and the English Verb (Routledge Library Editions: Syntax Ser.)
by David KilbyIntended for advanced students and researchers in linguistics, Descriptive Syntax and the English Verb, first published in 1984, focuses on the syntax of the English verb and notions of tense/aspect, transivity, passive, phrasal verb constructions, nominalisations and complement sentence types are explored. These constructions are shown t
Descriptor Revision
by Sven Ove HanssonThis book provides a critical examination of how the choice of what to believe is represented in the standard model of belief change. In particular the use of possible worlds and infinite remainders as objects of choice is critically examined. Descriptors are introduced as a versatile tool for expressing the success conditions of belief change, addressing both local and global descriptor revision. The book presents dynamic descriptors such as Ramsey descriptors that convey how an agent's beliefs tend to be changed in response to different inputs. It also explores sentential revision and demonstrates how local and global operations of revision by a sentence can be derived as a special case of descriptor revision. Lastly, the book examines revocation, a generalization of contraction in which a specified sentence is removed in a process that may possibly also involve the addition of some new information to the belief set.
Descriptosaurus: Genres: Action And Adventure
by Alison WilcoxDescriptosaurus: Ghost Stories builds on the vocabulary and descriptive phrases introduced in the original bestselling Descriptosaurus and, within the context of ghost stories, develops the structure and use of the words and phrases to promote colourful cinematic writing. This essential guide will enable children to take their writing to the next level, combine their descriptions of setting and character and show how the two interact. Children can then experiment with their own ghost stories, armed with the skills, techniques and vocabulary necessary to describe their ghostly scenes in a way that allows the reader to feel the characters’ fear and visualise the source of their terror within the setting. This new system also provides a contextualised alternative to grammar textbooks and will assist children in acquiring, understanding and applying the grammar they will need to improve their writing, both creative and technical.
Descriptosaurus: Genres: Action And Adventure
by Alison WilcoxDescriptosaurus: Action & Adventure builds on the vocabulary and descriptive phrases introduced in the original bestselling Descriptosaurus and, within the context of adventure stories, develops the structure and use of the words and phrases to promote colourful cinematic writing. This essential guide will enable children to take their writing to the next level, combine their descriptions of setting and character and show how the two interact. Children can then experiment with their own adventure stories, armed with the skills, techniques and vocabulary necessary to describe their action scenes in a way that allows the reader to feel the characters’ fear and excitement, and visualise the action within the setting. This new system also provides a contextualised alternative to grammar textbooks and will assist children in acquiring, understanding and applying the grammar they will need to improve their writing, both creative and technical.
Desde Auden a Yeats: Análisis Crítico de 30 Poemas Seleccionados
by Geetanjali Mukherjee A. Carolina Álvarez y Karina G. MarchiniDesde Auden a Yeats: Análisis crítico de 30 poemas seleccionados por Geetanjali Mukherjee Este libro es una referencia rápida para los estudiantes de literatura inglesa que busquen ayuda al navegar la poesía de algunos de los grandes poetas del siglo XIX y XX. Este libro es una referencia rápida para los estudiantes de literatura inglesa que busquen ayuda para navegar la poesía de alguno de los grandes poetas del siglo XIX y XX. El libro contiene un an{alisis crítico y profundo de 30 poemas seleccionados de las obras de W. H. Auden, Ted Hughes, John Keats, Philip Larkin and W.B. Yeats. Con una colección de 30 ensayos, el libro tiene como fin ayudar a los alumnos de literatura a obtener un mirada de la vida y trabajo de cada poeta aquí presentado, como también una comprensión de los poemas tratados con la suficiente profundidad. EL LIBRO POSEE: * Una sección sobre la vida y trasfondo de cada poeta para comprender mejor las influencias detrás de sus poemas y obtener un mejor conocimiento del contexto de los poemas seleccionados. * Una explicación sencilla de cada poema. * Una explicación de los temas, motivos y símbolos utilizados en los poemas. * Un ensayo específico para cada poema en particular, analizado para el beneficio del estudiante de literatura. * Preguntas breves para que el estudiante reflexione sobre los temas subyacentes de los poemas. Es una guía invaluable para los estudiantes de literatura en colegios secundarios y universidades o cualquiera que desee obtener una profunda comprensión de algunos de los poemas más reconocidos del último siglo. Este libro es muy útil como guía de estudio y no debe substituir la lectura de los poemas (LOS POEMAS NO ESTÁN INCLUIDOS). Algunos de los poemas tratados son: * W.H. Auden – Blues del refugiado * Ted Hughes – Cuervo tiranosaurio * John Keats – Al otoño * Philip Larki
Desde el país de nunca jamás
by Alma GuillermoprietoUna magnífica selección de reportajes de Alma Guillermoprieto. Premio Princesa de Asturias de Comunicación y Humanidades 2018 El conflicto civil en El Salvador, la crisis de Granada, la masacre del Mozote, el éxito internacional del grupo adolescente latinoamericano Menudo, la proliferación de sectas y religiones en Río de Janeiro o la lucha entre el gobierno peruano y Sendero Luminoso son solo algunos de los temas que trata Alma Guillermoprieto en sus legendarias crónicas. Publicadas entre 1980 y 2008 en The Washington Post, The New Yorker y The New York Review of Books son pequeñas obras de arte que revelan la cara más humana de algunos de los grandes acontecimientos de los últimos treinta años en América Latina. Reseñas:«Magistral. América Latina ya tiene su Orwell.»David Remnick «Alma Guillermoprieto seenfrenta a la vida con un cuaderno y un bolígrafo en la mano. Es su forma de vida. Es su pasión. Y la disfruta con toda la intensidad posible.»Milenio «Su periodismo temerario, al igual que sus espléndidas descripciones y sus retratos de personajes, son fascinantes.»The Wall Street Journal «Una maravillosa lectura, repleta de humanidad, astucia, curiosidad y conocimiento.»The New York Times Book Review «Guillermoprieto hace una descripción íntima y conmovedora, dura e inteligente de la vida cotidiana durante la revolución.»San Francisco Chronicle, sobre La Habana en un espejo
Desde que te vi morir
by Javier MaríasAl cumplir cien años del nacimiento de Vladimir Nabokov, Javier Marías rinde homenaje al célebre escritor ruso, tal y como hiciera con William Faulkner en Si yo amaneciera otra vez. La traducción de Marías de dieciocho poemas inéditos en castellano; algunos problemas de ajedrez ideados por quien fue gran jugador con sus soluciones; los artículos Fantasmas leídos y El canon Nabokov, la pieza La novela más melancólica (Lolita recontada) y una selecta colección de fotografías conforman este hermoso testimonio.
Desegregating Comics: Debating Blackness in the Golden Age of American Comics
by Qiana WhittedSome comics fans view the industry’s Golden Age (1930s-1950s) as a challenging time when it comes to representations of race, an era when the few Black characters appeared as brutal savages, devious witch doctors, or unintelligible minstrels. Yet the true portrait is more complex and reveals that even as caricatures predominated, some Golden Age comics creators offered more progressive and nuanced depictions of Black people. Desegregating Comics assembles a team of leading scholars to explore how debates about the representation of Blackness shaped both the production and reception of Golden Age comics. Some essays showcase rare titles like Negro Romance and consider the formal innovations introduced by Black comics creators like Matt Baker and Alvin Hollingsworth, while others examine the treatment of race in the work of such canonical cartoonists as George Herriman and Will Eisner. The collection also investigates how Black fans read and loved comics, but implored publishers to stop including hurtful stereotypes. As this book shows, Golden Age comics artists, writers, editors, distributors, and readers engaged in heated negotiations over how Blackness should be portrayed, and the outcomes of those debates continue to shape popular culture today.
Desegregating Desire: Race and Sexuality in Cold War American Literature
by Tyler T. SchmidtA study of race and sexuality and their interdependencies in American literature from 1945 to 1955, Desegregating Desire examines the varied strategies used by eight American poets and novelists to integrate sexuality into their respective depictions of desegregated places and emergent identities in the aftermath of World War II. Focusing on both progressive and conventional forms of cross-race writing and interracial intimacy, the book is organized around four pairs of writers. Chapter one examines reimagined domestic places, and the ambivalent desires that define them, in the southern writing of Elizabeth Bishop and Zora Neale Hurston. The second chapter; focused on poets Gwendolyn Brooks and Edwin Denby, analyzes their representations of the postwar American city, representations which often transpose private desires into a public imaginary. Chapter three explores how insular racial communities in the novels of Ann Petry and William Demby were related to non-normative sexualities emerging in the early Cold War. The final chapter, focused on damaged desires, considers the ways that novelists Jo Sinclair and Carl Offord, relocate the public traumas of desegregation with the private spheres of homes and psyches. Aligning close textual readings with the segregated histories and interracial artistic circles that informed these Cold War writers, this book defines desegregation as both a racial and sexual phenomenon, one both public and private. In analyzing more intimate spaces of desegregation shaped by regional, familial, and psychological upheavals after World War II, Tyler T. Schmidt argues that “queer” desire—understood as same-sex and interracial desire—redirected American writing and helped shape the Cold War era’s integrationist politics.
Desegregation State: College Writing Programs after the Civil Rights Movement
by Annie S. MendenhallThe only book-length study of the ways that postsecondary desegregation litigation and policy affected writing instruction and assessment in US colleges, Desegregation State provides a history of federal enforcement of higher education desegregation and its impact on writing programs from 1970 to 1988. Focusing on the University System of Georgia and two of its public colleges in Savannah, one a historically segregated white college and the other a historically Black college, Annie S. Mendenhall shows how desegregation enforcement promoted and shaped writing programs by presenting literacy remediation and testing as critical to desegregation efforts in southern and border states. Formerly segregated state university systems crafted desegregation plans that gave them more control over policies for admissions, remediation, and retention. These plans created literacy requirements—admissions and graduation tests, remedial classes, and even writing centers and writing across the curriculum programs—that reshaped the landscape of college writing instruction and denied the demands of Black students, civil rights activists, and historically Black colleges and universities for major changes to university systems. This history details the profound influence of desegregation—and resistance to desegregation—on the ways that writing is taught and assessed in colleges today. Desegregation State provides WPAs and writing teachers with a disciplinary history for understanding racism in writing assessment and writing programs. Mendenhall brings emerging scholarship on the racialization of institutions into the field, showing why writing studies must pay more attention to how writing programs have institutionalized racist literacy ideologies through arguments about student placement, individualized writing instruction, and writing assessment.
Desert Passions: Orientalism and Romance Novels
by Hsu-Ming TeoThe Sheik-E. M. Hull's best-selling novel that became a wildly popular film starring Rudolph Valentino-kindled "sheik fever" across the Western world in the 1920s. A craze for all things romantically "Oriental" swept through fashion, film, and literature, spawning imitations and parodies without number. While that fervor has largely subsided, tales of passion between Western women and Arab men continue to enthrall readers of today's mass-market romance novels. In this groundbreaking cultural history, Hsu-Ming Teo traces the literary lineage of these desert romances and historical bodice rippers from the twelfth to the twenty-first century and explores the gendered cultural and political purposes that they have served at various historical moments. Drawing on "high" literature, erotica, and popular romance fiction and films, Teo examines the changing meanings of Orientalist tropes such as crusades and conversion, abduction by Barbary pirates, sexual slavery, the fear of renegades, the Oriental despot and his harem, the figure of the powerful Western concubine, and fantasies of escape from the harem. She analyzes the impact of imperialism, decolonization, sexual liberation, feminism, and American involvement in the Middle East on women's Orientalist fiction. Teo suggests that the rise of female-authored romance novels dramatically transformed the nature of Orientalism because it feminized the discourse; made white women central as producers, consumers, and imagined actors; and revised, reversed, or collapsed the binaries inherent in traditional analyses of Orientalism.
Deserts
by Madeline BoskeyThe fun and excitement of English and Language Arts learning continues in Grade 2 of Reading Street. This comprehensive and dynamic curriculum for homeschooling is geared toward young children who have some foundational English and Language Arts knowledge and are ready to strengthen their skills. Comprised of engaging activities, challenging content and weekly quizzes, Reading Street: Grade 2 is the next step in your child's path toward becoming a lifelong learner and reader. As with all Reading Street products, the Grade 2 system is formatted to help students meet certain age-appropriate goals. After completing this English and Language Arts homeschool program, your child should be able to: Read and comprehend two-syllable words. Identify common prefixes (such as pre-, un-, or re-) and suffixes (such as -able, -ad and -er). Correct mistakes made when reading out loud. Read books with two or more chapters. Understand the structure of stores (i. e. beginning, middle and end). Start selecting reading materials based on his/her own interests. Identify the "who," "what," "when," "where," "why" and "how" of the text. While the goals of second Grade English and Language Arts are numerous, Reading Street will help you craft engrossing lessons. Your child will garner important English and Language Arts skills while completing a workbook, reading stories and poems, and taking assessments. Planning these lessons will be easier than ever, as all Reading Street systems are broken down into weekly Big Ideas. All the work your child does on a given week is formulated around that single concept for an organized and challenging curriculum. With six easy-to-follow units, Reading Street: Grade 2 is the perfect tool for homeschooling parents. Your child will enjoy the reading selections and activities, and you'll love to see your student growing into a knowledgeable individual. We're confident that this product is the right one for you. For more information on the specific materials found in Grade 2 of Reading Street, check out the Features and Benefits page.
Desertscapes in the Global South and Beyond: Anthropocene Naturecultures (Routledge Studies in World Literatures and the Environment)
by Swarnalatha Rangarajan Sushila Shekhawat Rayson K AlexEmbracing a rich diversity of voices, this volume seeks to explore the different facets of Anthropocene naturecultures in the desert biomes of the Global South and beyond. Essays in this collection will articulate issues of desertification, indigeneity and re-inhabitation in narratives that thread together Tibet, China, Australia, India, South Mexico, South Africa and Brazil in all their richness and complexity. Re-imaging the desert figure’s rich biodiversity, this book presents new ways to envision the human relationships to natural ecology and mindful accountability, tracing complex narrative connections and challenging hegemonic norms of its role in the co-construction of identity, affect, and gender. Essays also aim to engage in an intertextual conversation with colonial genres that influence the popular conception of these spaces, moving beyond the usual tropes to forge a topographically informed desert identity and posit a ‘natureculture’ ecosystem based on the interpenetration of landscape, culture, and history. This volume includes literary exploration of environmental injustices, analyzing motifs of deforestation, land degradation, falling crop production, toxic man-made chemicals, and extractivist practices linked to various social and economic stressors and gradients in economic and political power. This diverse volume will provide a significant contribution to desert humanities from the Global South, responding to the pressing problems of the Anthropocene and employing place-based ecocritical frameworks that help us imagine a sustainable way of life.
Design Elements: Understanding the Rules and Knowing When to Break Them - A Visual Communication Manual
by Timothy SamaraA new and updated 3rd Edition of Rockport's best-selling Design Elements, a visually rich and accessible handbook that presents the fundamentals of design in lists, tips, brief text, and examples. With new images and diagrams, the book covers everything from working with grids, color application, typography, and imagery to how to finally put it all together. <p><p>Features include: <p>•The ultimate primer on graphic design's basic visual toolkit—dot, line, plane, texture, space, and contrast—and how these basics underpin all successful layouts <p>•An in-depth look at color—from its optical qualities and its effect on type to its potential for communication concepts and emotions <p>•One of the most thorough compilations of typography concepts to be found—including information on letterform structure and optics, combining typeface styles, the mechanics of detailed text typesetting, and using type as image <p>•An extensive overview of imagery—the endless possibilities of medium, depiction, abstraction, stylization, and how these all communicate effectively <p>•Methods for integrating type and image, including a tutorial on using grid systems to structure layouts <p>•Twenty rules for making good design—and the best ways to break them <p><p>Being a creative designer is often about coming up with unique design solutions. But when the basic rules of design are ignored in an effort to be distinctive, design becomes useless. In language, a departure from the rules is only appreciated as great literature if recognition of the rules underlies the text. Graphic design is a "visual language," and brilliance is recognized in designers whose work seems to break all the rules, yet communicates its messages clearly.
Design Perspectives on Multimodal Documents: System, Medium, and Genre Relations (Routledge Studies in Multimodality)
by Matthew David LickissThis volume integrates multimodal theoretical frameworks with those from graphic communication and information design and applies this critical synthesis to the examination of the changes and relationships that occur when multimodal documents are distributed across various means and channels of consumption. Drawing on examples from popular newspapers and store catalogs, the book’s specific focus is on documents as sets, here defined as the collective of all the assorted forms of a document published across multiple mediums and modes. This approach affords a multi-layered analysis of multimodal documents more broadly, in addition to engaging in questions about the very definition of a document and the terminology we use in relation to documents, including genres, mediums, and modes. As both a critical examination of the theoretical frameworks employed in literature on documents and a way forward for new approaches to analyzing multimodal texts, this volume is key reading for students and scholars in multimodality, graphic communication, design, media studies, and information science.
Design Theory, Language and Architectural Space in Lewis Carroll (Routledge Research in Design History)
by Caroline DionneThis volume offers spatial theories of the emergent based on a careful close reading of the complete works of nineteenth-century writer and mathematician Lewis Carroll—from his nonsense fiction, to his work on logic and geometry, including his two short pamphlets on architecture. Drawing on selected key moments in our philosophical tradition, including phenomenology and sociospatial theories, Caroline Dionne interrogates the relationship between words and spaces, highlighting the crucial role of language in processes of placemaking. Through an interdisciplinary method that relates literary and language theories to theories of space and placemaking, with emphasis on the social and political experience of architectural spaces, Dionne investigates Carroll’s most famous children’s books, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, in relation to his lesser-known publications on geometry and architecture. The book will be of interest to scholars working in design theory, design history, architecture, and literary theory and criticism.
Design Theory, Language and Architectural Space in Lewis Carroll (Routledge Research in Design History)
by Caroline DionneThis volume offers spatial theories of the emergent based on a careful close reading of the complete works of nineteenth-century writer and mathematician Lewis Carroll—from his nonsense fiction, to his work on logic and geometry, including his two short pamphlets on architecture. Drawing on selected key moments in our philosophical tradition, including phenomenology and sociospatial theories, Caroline Dionne interrogates the relationship between words and spaces, highlighting the crucial role of language in processes of placemaking. Through an interdisciplinary method that relates literary and language theories to theories of space and placemaking, with emphasis on the social and political experience of architectural spaces, Dionne investigates Carroll’s most famous children’s books, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, in relation to his lesser-known publications on geometry and architecture. The book will be of interest to scholars working in design theory, design history, architecture, and literary theory and criticism.