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O melhor Guia para Aprender Qualquer Idioma Rápido e Facilmente
by Sophia SoarezUm guia detalhado para aprender qualquer idioma de forma fácil e rápida Este guia irá ajudá-lo a aprender um novo idioma em uma semana. Ele vai te ensinar dicas e truques para se tornar um falante nativo do novo idioma. Baseado em fatos científicos, este livro lhe dirá como: - É a maneira mais fácil de aprender uma nova língua - Usar o tempo de forma eficaz - Se tornar um falante nativo - Aprender a pronúncia correta de um novo idioma - Posicionar a boca para ter a pronúncia correta - Memorizar palavras de um novo idioma - Se manter motivado - Melhorar o sotaque Se você quer aprender um novo idioma em uma semana e se tornar um falante nativo, então este livro é para você. --> Role até o topo da página e clique em adicionar ao carrinho para comprar instantaneamente Informações Legais: Esta autora e ou detentor(es) dos direitos não faz nenhuma reivindicação, promessas ou garantias em relação à exatidão, completude ou adequação do conteúdo deste livro, e se isenta expressamente de responsabilidade por erros e omissões no conteúdo. Este produto é apenas para uso de referência. Consulte um profissional antes de tomar medidas sobre qualquer um dos conteúdos encontrados no livro.
O mundo pelos olhos da língua
by Manuel MonteiroUm novo livro de Manuel Monteiro, em defesa da língua, contra as falácias e os erros que a dominam. Manuel Monteiro gosta da língua portuguesa. Gosta particularmente quando é bem falada - o que nem sempre acontece na forma como nos expressamos no nosso quotidiano ou mesmo naquilo que ouvimos na televisão e na rádio. No seu novo livro, Manuel Monteiro ensina-nos a pensar com clareza e a evitar determinadas falácias e erros comuns no nosso discurso. Porque pensamento e linguagem são indissociáveis, e quando um é claro, o outro é claríssimo. Os Portugueses deixaram de se intitular, passaram a auto-intitular-se. O Português já não se proclama coisa alguma; ele autoproclama-se. De ego inflado, o Português reluz. Convenhamos: tem mais pinta. Repare: ele não se domina nem se controla; ele autodomina-se e autocontrola-se. É outra loiça. CRÍTICA A POR AMOR À LÍNGUA «Este livro diverte, ensina, corrige, chama a atenção, ilustra, melhora-nos, dá vontade de ler - é um achado. É um elogio da nossa língua. Ninguém se sinta atacado. Estamos sempre a aprender. Bravo Manuel Monteiro (que não conheço) que o escreveu.» Francisco José Viegas «Por Amor à Língua é um livro chocante e salvífico. Manuel Monteiro não está a debater questiúnculas estilísticas - está a lutar contra a maneira como a grande maioria dos portugueses usa a língua.» Miguel Esteves Cardoso, Público «Uma obra em defesa da complexidade e beleza do Português que escrevemos. Missão mais nobre não há.» Expresso «Manuel Matos Monteiro é autor de um notável trabalho de vigilância da Portuguesa língua.» António Jacinto Pascoal, Público
O seu Roteiro para Ter Êxito em Eventos para Escritores
by Gabriel Martimiano Pires Pavarti K. TylerO seu Roteiro para Ter Êxito em Eventos para Escritores por Pavarti K. Tyler Conecte-se com leitores de modo direto e os torne em fãs para a vida toda programando, organizando e planejando eventos sucedidos para escritores, esse livro vai ensiná-lo como fazer isso! Conecte-se com leitores de modo direto e os torne fãs para a vida toda programando, organizando e planejando eventos sucedidos para escritores, esse livro vai ensiná-lo como fazer isso! Você se sente confiante atrás do teclado, mas fica nervoso por ter que interagir com outros amantes de livros pessoalmente? Talvez você esteja tentando imaginar quais eventos vão ser melhores para suas forças naturais e oferecer um impacto duradouro nas vendas, talvez já tenha participado de muitos eventos presenciais, mas não tem nenhuma ideia do porquê que eles não funcionaram tão bem quanto você esperou. O seu Roteiro para Ter Êxito em Eventos para Escritores está aqui para lhe ajudar! Em apenas algumas horas, você vai aprender como criar oportunidades para encontrar seu público, aumentar a eficácia das vendas em papel em locais de compradores de livros frequentes e criar situações que vão atrair leitores para ler o seu livro! Você vai aprender como encontrar, programar e se preparar para uma variedade de eventos de escritores assim como aproveitar aqueles eventos para animar novos e possíveis leitores, com esse guia, você vai receber conselhos específicos e úteis para: · Programar eventos em livrarias · Colaborar com organizadores de eventos · Escolher os melhores festivais de livros para participar · Fazer o máximo autógrafosMaking the Most of Book Signings · Preparar o trecho perfeito · Criar uma exibição de livros atraente · Manter a calma durante a parte de perguntas e
O, Say Can You See America’s Symbols, Landmarks, and Inspiring Words: America's Symbols, Landmarks, And Inspiring Words
by Sheila KeenanThis picture book celebrates and explains America's symbols, landmarks, and important words in lively, brief text and bright, humorous illustrations. There are stars-and-stripes T-shirts. There are Statue of Liberty pencil sharpeners and Uncle Sam Halloween costumes. Patriotic symbols are everywhere...but where do they come from? What do they mean?Now in paperback, this celebration of twenty of America's important places, interesting objects, and inspiring words is for the youngest Americans. Including Plymouth Rock, the White House, the flag, the bald eagle, and many more, this book draws kids in with its big, two-page spreads and fun, bright pastels and satisfies their curiosities about America's most prominent symbols.
O. V. Vijayan: The Critical Insider (Writer in Context)
by E.V. Ramakrishnan and K.C. MuraleedharanO.V. Vijayan (1930–2005) was an acclaimed Malayalam novelist, short story writer, cartoonist, translator, columnist, political analyst, and public intellectual. In a literary career spanning almost half a century, he published six novels, twelve volumes of short stories, eight volumes of non-fictional prose, three volumes of reminiscences, three volumes of cartoons, and four self-translations. This book offers a comprehensive understanding of O.V. Vijayan’s work by analysing his fictional and non-fictional works, cartoons, and columns, and situates him in the context of Malayalam literary culture and Indian literature at large.The volume discusses themes such as the politics of everyday life; culture, religion, and the changing nature of Indian society; struggles of a writer and thinker; the idea of socially responsive radical modernism; ecology and subculture; and the politics of self-translation. These readings explore Vijayan’s legacy as an iconic figure of modernism in Malayalam fiction who reinvented its language; as an unrelenting critic of the modern nationstate and its excesses; as a post-colonial thinker; and as a visionary who transcended the binaries of the mundane and the magical, the political and the spiritual, and the premodern and the postmodern.Part of the Writer in Context series, this book will be useful for scholars and researchers of Indian literature, Malayalam literature, English literature, comparative literature, postcolonial studies, cultural studies, global south studies, and translation studies.
OK, Boomer: And Other Age-(In)appropriate Jokes
by Lisa Beth Johnson Phoebe BottomsGet ready for your next family reunion with jokes that give a good-natured ribbing to people of every generation. You&’ll be ready to face the horde at your next family get-together with this collection of age (in)appropriate jokes aimed at people of every generation. Whether you need a zinger for your cranky grandfather, a one-liner for your out-of-touch aunt, or a snarky comeback for a clueless millennial, OK, Boomer has what you need. This collection of all-new material includes jokes such as... How many boomers does it take to change a light bulb? Three: one to do it, and another two to talk about how much better the old one was. Q: Why do boomers always pay with an exact amount? A: Because they&’re afraid of change. Boomer Band/Millennial Mash-ups: James Taylor Swift, Fleetwood Macklemore, Steve Miller Band of Horses.
OK: The Improbable Story of America's Greatest Word
by Allan MetcalfIt is said to be the most frequently spoken (or typed) word on the planet, more common than an infant's first word ma or the ever-present beverage Coke. It was even the first word spoken on the moon. It is "OK"-- the most ubiquitous and invisible of American expressions, one used countless times every day. Yet few of us know the secret history of OK--how it was coined, what it stood for, and the amazing extent of its influence. Allan Metcalf, a renowned popular writer on language, here traces the evolution of America's most popular word, writing with brevity and wit, and ranging across American history with colorful portraits of the nooks and crannies in which OK survived and prospered. He describes how OK was born as a lame joke in a newspaper article in 1839--used as a supposedly humorous abbreviation for "oll korrect" (ie, "all correct")--but should have died a quick death, as most clever coinages do. But OK was swept along in a nineteenth-century fad for abbreviations, was appropriated by a presidential campaign (one of the candidates being called "Old Kinderhook"), and finally was picked up by operators of the telegraph. Over the next century and a half, it established a firm toehold in the American lexicon, and eventually became embedded in pop culture, from the "I'm OK, You're OK" of 1970's transactional analysis, to Ned Flanders' absurd "Okeley Dokeley!" Indeed, OK became emblematic of a uniquely American attitude, and is one of our most successful global exports. Anyone who loves the life of words or the quirky corners of American culture will find this delightful book [is] more than just OK.
OKAY: Form, Position, Funktion und Verbreitung eines Internationalismus in der digitalen Welt
by Laura HerzbergOKAY erfreut sich ungebrochener Beliebtheit. In der Mündlichkeit wurde es bereits in den 1960er-Jahren erforscht. In der schriftlichen Online-Kommunikation begegnet uns OKAY in zahlreichen Kommunikationskontexten. Um aktiv an solchen Kontexten teilnehmen zu können, folgen Internetnutzer*innen den erforderlichen Praktiken der Netzkommunikation. Dieses Open Access Buch setzt an diesen Aspekten an: Neben der Herausstellung allgemeiner Verwendungsweisen von OKAY in digitalen Kontexten, galt es, die Forschungslücke zu schriftlichem OKAY aus interaktionsorientierter Perspektive zu schließen. Dafür wurden Artikeldiskussionsbeiträge der deutschen, englischen und französischen Wikipedia-Sprachversionen sprachkontrastiv analysiert. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass es Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen mündlichen und schriftlichen OKAYs sowie in Bezug auf sprachkontrastive OKAY-Gebrauchsweisen in den jeweiligen Wikipedia-Communities gibt. OKAY wird in der Schriftlichkeit, neben den Funktionsweisen, die es auch im Mündlichen aufweist, in teilweise aufwendige Einschub- und Erweiterungsmuster eingebunden, die so für OKAY in den mündlichen Daten nicht festgestellt werden konnten.
Obasan (SparkNotes Literature Guide Series)
by SparkNotesObasan (SparkNotes Literature Guide) by Joy Kogawa Making the reading experience fun! Created by Harvard students for students everywhere, SparkNotes is a new breed of study guide: smarter, better, faster. Geared to what today's students need to know, SparkNotes provides: *Chapter-by-chapter analysis *Explanations of key themes, motifs, and symbols *A review quiz and essay topicsLively and accessible, these guides are perfect for late-night studying and writing papers
Obesity in the News: Language and Representation in the Press
by Paul Baker Gavin BrookesObesity is a pressing social issue and a persistently newsworthy topic for the media. This book examines the linguistic representation of obesity in the British press. It combines techniques from corpus linguistics with critical discourse studies to analyse a large corpus of newspaper articles (36 million words) representing ten years of obesity coverage. These articles are studied from a range of methodological perspectives, and analytical themes include variation between newspapers, change over time, diet and exercise, gender and social class. The volume also investigates the language that readers use when responding to obesity representations in the context of online comments. The authors reveal the power of linguistic choices to shame and stigmatise people with obesity, presenting them as irresponsible and morally deviant. Yet the analysis also demonstrates the potential for alternative representations which place greater focus on the role that social and political forces play in this topical health issue.
Object Lessons
by Robyn WiegmanNo concept has been more central to the emergence and evolution of identity studies than social justice. In historical and theoretical accounts, it crystallizes the progressive politics that have shaped the academic study of race, gender, and sexuality. Yet few scholars have deliberated directly on the political agency that notions of justice confer on critical practice. In Object Lessons, Robyn Wiegman contemplates this lack of attention, offering the first sustained inquiry into the political desire that galvanizes identity fields. In each chapter, she examines a key debate by considering the political aspirations that shape it. Addressing Women's Studies, she traces the ways that "gender" promises to overcome the exclusions of "women." Turning to Ethnic Studies, she examines the deconstruction of "whiteness" as an antiracist methodology. As she explores American Studies, she links internationalization to the broader quest for noncomplicity in contemporary criticism. Her analysis of Queer Studies demonstrates how the commitment to antinormativity normalizes the field. In the penultimate chapter, Wiegman addresses intersectionality as the most coveted theoretical approach to political resolution in all of these fields.
Object Lessons: The Novel as a Theory of Reference
by Jami BartlettObject Lessons explores a fundamental question about literary realism: How can language evoke that which is not language and render objects as real entities? Drawing on theories of reference in the philosophy of language, Jami Bartlett examines novels by George Meredith, William Makepeace Thackeray, Elizabeth Gaskell, and Iris Murdoch that provide allegories of language use in their descriptions, characters, and plots. Bartlett shows how these authors depict the philosophical complexities of reference by writing through and about referring terms, the names and descriptions that allow us to “see” objects. At the same time, she explores what it is for words to have meaning and delves into the conditions under which a reference can be understood. Ultimately, Object Lessons reveals not only how novels make references, but also how they are about referring.
Object Studies: Introductions to Material Culture
by Cyrus MulreadyObject Studies: Introductions to Material Culture is a textbook that introduces students to an interdisciplinary approach to material cultural study. This text helps reveal how everyday objects from pens and coffee cups to our most cherished keepsakes help define our collective histories and personal narratives. Object Studies is organized around accessible and engaging chapters on objects with “model essays” that present original projects designed to engage students with a series of concepts and research activities. Each will demonstrate a key methodology tied to specific learning outcomes, but all chapters will be intertwined in their attention to the project of developing the core skills of “object studies”: careful viewing, writing detailed descriptions, setting out and testing research hypotheses, and telling stories through material artifacts. Aimed towards undergraduate students taking courses in material culture as well as postgraduate students embarking on independent research projects these chapter “studies” are practically oriented and demonstrate research projects that can be undertaken either in a course or even through personal study. Chapters in Object Studies conclude with research questions, suggestions on methodology, and a discursive bibliography designed to help students pursue their own projects based on these examples.
Object and Absolutive in Halkomelem Salish: Linguistics: Object And Absolutive In Halkomelem Salish (rle Linguistics F: World Linguistics) (Routledge Library Editions: Linguistics)
by Donna B. GerdtsThis book treats aspects of the syntax of Halkomelem, a Salish language spoken in southwestern British Columbia, specifically those constructions which involve objects, and seeks to accomplish two goals. First, it provides natural language fodder for the debate concerning the nature of grammatical relations and their place in syntactic theory. Second, by showing that Halkomelem draws from a familiar class of universal constructions and organizes its syntax around some simple and common parameters, the author has brought the Salish languages, which due to their phonological and morphological complexity seemed particularly fearsome, into cross-linguistic perspective.
Object-Oriented Narratology (Frontiers of Narrative)
by Marie-Laure Ryan Tang WeishengThe quick spread of posthumanism and of critiques of anthropomorphism in the past few decades has resulted in greater attention to concrete objects in critical theories and in philosophy. This new materialism or new object philosophy marks a renewal of interest in the existence of objects. Yet while their mode of existence is independent of human cognition, it cannot erase the relation of subject to object and the foundational role of our experience of things in our mental activity. These developments have important implications for narratology. Traditional conceptions of narrative define its core components as setting, characters, and plot, but nonhuman entities play a crucial role in characterizing the setting, in enabling or impeding the actions of characters, and thus in determining plot. Marie-Laure Ryan and Tang Weisheng combine a theoretical approach that defines the basic narrative functions of objects with interpretive studies of narrative texts that rely more closely on ideas advanced by proponents of new object philosophy. Object-Oriented Narratology opens new theoretical horizons for narratology and offers individual case studies that demonstrate the richness and diversity of the ways in which narrative, both Western and non-Western, deals with humans&’ relationships to their material environment and with the otherness of objects.
Objectively Engaged Journalism: An Ethic (McGill-Queen's Studies in the History of Ideas #78)
by Stephen J.A. WardA timely call for a new ethic of journalism engagement for today's troubled media sphere, Objectively Engaged Journalism argues that media should be neither neutral nor partisan but engaged in protecting egalitarian democracy. It shows how journalists, professional or citizen, can be both objective in method and dedicated to improving a global public sphere toxic with disinformation, fake news, and extremism. Drawing from history, ethics, and current media issues, Stephen Ward rejects the ideals of neutrality and "just the facts" objectivity, showing how they are based on invalid dualistic thinking with deep roots in Western culture. He presents a theory of pragmatic objectivity and applies it to journalism. Journalism's role in interpreting culture, he argues, needs a form of objectivity that embraces human strengths and limitations. Defining responsible journalism as situated, imperfect inquiry, Objectively Engaged Journalism is one of the first systematic studies of the ethical foundations of engaged journalism for a media that is increasingly perspectival and embedded in society.
Objectively Engaged Journalism: An Ethic (McGill-Queen's Studies in the History of Ideas)
by Stephen J.A. WardA timely call for a new ethic of journalism engagement for today's troubled media sphere, Objectively Engaged Journalism argues that media should be neither neutral nor partisan but engaged in protecting egalitarian democracy. It shows how journalists, professional or citizen, can be both objective in method and dedicated to improving a global public sphere toxic with disinformation, fake news, and extremism. Drawing from history, ethics, and current media issues, Stephen Ward rejects the ideals of neutrality and "just the facts" objectivity, showing how they are based on invalid dualistic thinking with deep roots in Western culture. He presents a theory of pragmatic objectivity and applies it to journalism. Journalism's role in interpreting culture, he argues, needs a form of objectivity that embraces human strengths and limitations. Defining responsible journalism as situated, imperfect inquiry, Objectively Engaged Journalism is one of the first systematic studies of the ethical foundations of engaged journalism for a media that is increasingly perspectival and embedded in society.
Objects Observed: The Poetry of Things in Twentieth-Century France and America (University of Toronto Romance Series)
by John Cameron StoutObjects Observed explores the central place given to the object by a number of poets in France and in America in the twentieth century. John C. Stout provides comprehensive examinations of Pierre Reverdy, Francis Ponge, Jean Follain, Guillevic, and Jean Tortel. Stout argues that the object furnishes these poets with a catalyst for creating a new poetics and for reflecting on lyric as a genre. In France, the object has been central to a broad range of aesthetic practices, from the era of Cubism and Surrealism to the 1990s. In the heyday of American Modernism, several major poets foregrounded the object in their work; however, in postwar twentieth-century America, poets moved away from a focus on the object. Objects Observed illuminates the variety of aesthetic practices and positions in French and American poets from the years of high Modernism (1909–1930) to the 1990s.
Objects and Frontiers in Modern Asia: Between the Mekong and the Indus
by Lipokmar Dzüvichü Manjeet BaruahFocusing on the geographies between the Mekong and the Indus, this book brings objects to the centre of enquiry in the understanding of modern Asian frontiers. It explores how a range of objects have historically been significant bearers and agents of frontier making. For instance, how are objects connected to aspects of state making, social change, everyday life, diplomacy, political and ecological worlds, capital, forms of violence, resistances, circulations, and aesthetic expressions? This book seeks to interrogate and understand the dynamism of frontiers from the vantage point of objects such as salt, rubber, tea, guns, silk scarves, horses, and opium. It attempts to explore objects as sites of encounter, mediation, or dislocation between the social and the spatial. The book not only locates objects in the specificities of frontier spaces, but it also looks at how they are produced, circulated, and come to be intricately linked to a wide range of people, institutions, networks, and geographies. In the process, it explores how objects traverse and come to inhabit multiple historical, cultural, and geographical scales. This book will be of interest to researchers and academics working in areas of history, social and cultural anthropology, Asian studies, frontiers and borderland studies, cultural studies, political and economic studies, and museum studies.
Objects and Intertexts in Toni Morrison’s "Beloved": The Case for Reparations (Routledge Research in American Literature and Culture)
by Maureen E. FademObjects and Intertexts in Toni Morrison’s “Beloved”: The Case for Reparations is an inspired contribution to the scholarship on one of the most influential American novels and novelists. The author positions this contemporary classic as a meditation on historical justice and re-comprehends it as both a formal tragedy— a generic translation of fiction and tragedy or a “novel-tragedy” (Kliger)—and a novel of objects. Its many things—literary, conceptual,linguistic— are viewed as vessels carrying the (hi)story and the political concerns. From this, a third conclusion is drawn: Fadem argues for a view of Beloved as a case for reparations. That status is founded on two outstanding object lessons: the character of Beloved as embodiment of the subject-object relations defining the slave state and the grammatical object “weather” in the sentence “The rest is…” on the novel’s final page. This intertextual reference places Beloved in a comparative link with Hamlet and Oresteia. Fadem’s research is meticulous in engaging the full spectrum of tragedy theory, much critical theory, and a full swathe of scholarship on the novel. Few critics take up the matter of reparations, still fewer the politics of genre, craft, and form. This scholar posits Morrison’s tragedy as constituting a searing critique of modernity, as composed through meaningful intertextualities and as crafted by profound “thingly” objects (Brown). Altogether, Fadem has divined a fascinating singular treatment of Beloved exploring the connections between form and craft together with critical historical and political implications. The book argues, finally, that this novel’s first concern is justice, and its chief aim to serve as a clarion call for material— and not merely symbolic—reparations.
Objects as Actors: Props and the Poetics of Performance in Greek Tragedy
by Melissa MuellerObjects as Actors charts a new approach to Greek tragedy based on an obvious, yet often overlooked, fact: Greek tragedy was meant to be performed. As plays, the works were incomplete without physical items—theatrical props. In this book, Melissa Mueller ingeniously demonstrates the importance of objects in the staging and reception of Athenian tragedy. As Mueller shows, props such as weapons, textiles, and even letters were often fully integrated into a play’s action. They could provoke surprising plot turns, elicit bold viewer reactions, and provide some of tragedy’s most thrilling moments. Whether the sword of Sophocles’s Ajax, the tapestry in Aeschylus’s Agamemnon, or the tablet of Euripides’s Hippolytus, props demanded attention as a means of uniting—or disrupting—time, space, and genre. Insightful and original, Objects as Actors offers a fresh perspective on the central tragic texts—and encourages us to rethink ancient theater as a whole.
Objects in Air: Artworks and Their Outside around 1900
by Margareta Ingrid ChristianMargareta Ingrid Christian unpacks the ways in which, around 1900, art scholars, critics, and choreographers wrote about the artwork as an actual object in real time and space, surrounded and fluently connected to the viewer through the very air we breathe. Theorists such as Aby Warburg, Alois Riegl, Rainer Maria Rilke, and the choreographer Rudolf Laban drew on the science of their time to examine air as the material space surrounding an artwork, establishing its “milieu,” “atmosphere,” or “environment.” Christian explores how the artwork’s external space was seen to work as an aesthetic category in its own right, beginning with Rainer Maria Rilke’s observation that Rodin’s sculpture “exhales an atmosphere” and that Cezanne’s colors create “a calm, silken air” that pervades the empty rooms where the paintings are exhibited. Writers created an early theory of unbounded form that described what Christian calls an artwork’s ecstasis or its ability to stray outside its limits and engender its own space. Objects viewed in this perspective complicate the now-fashionable discourse of empathy aesthetics, the attention to self-projecting subjects, and the idea of the modernist self-contained artwork. For example, Christian invites us to historicize the immersive spatial installations and “environments” that have arisen since the 1960s and to consider their origins in turn-of-the-twentieth-century aesthetics. Throughout this beautifully written work, Christian offers ways for us to rethink entrenched narratives of aesthetics and modernism and to revisit alternatives.
Objects of Culture in the Literature of Imperial Spain
by Mary Barnard Frederick A. de ArmasCollecting and displaying finely crafted objects was a mark of character among the royals and aristocrats in Early Modern Spain: it ranked with extravagant hospitality as a sign of nobility and with virtue as a token of princely power. Objects of Culture in the Literature of Imperial Spain explores how the writers of the period shared the same impulse to collect, arrange, and display objects, though in imagined settings, as literary artefacts.These essays examine a variety of cultural objects described or alluded to in books from the Golden Age of Spanish literature, including clothing, paintings, tapestries, playing cards, monuments, materials of war, and even enchanted bronze heads. The contributors emphasize how literature preserved and transformed objects to endow them with new meaning for aesthetic, social, religious, and political purposes - whether to perpetuate certain habits of thought and belief, or to challenge accepted social and moral norms.
Objects of Liberty: British Women Writers and Revolutionary Souvenirs (EARLY MODERN FEMINISMS)
by Pamela BuckObjects of Liberty explores the prevalence of souvenirs in British women’s writing during the French Revolution and Napoleonic era. It argues that women writers employed the material and memorial object of the souvenir to circulate revolutionary ideas and engage in the masculine realm of political debate. While souvenir collecting was a standard practice of privileged men on the eighteenth-century Grand Tour, women began to partake in this endeavor as political events in France heightened interest in travel to the Continent. Looking at travel accounts by Helen Maria Williams, Mary Wollstonecraft, Catherine and Martha Wilmot, Charlotte Eaton, and Mary Shelley, this study reveals how they used souvenirs to affect political thought in Britain and contribute to conversations about individual and national identity. At a time when gendered beliefs precluded women from full citizenship, they used souvenirs to redefine themselves as legitimate political actors. Objects of Liberty is a story about the ways that women established political power and agency through material culture.
Objects of War: The Material Culture of Conflict and Displacement
by Tara Zahra Leora AuslanderHistorians have become increasingly interested in material culture as both a category of analysis and as a teaching tool. And yet the profession tends to be suspicious of things; words are its stock-in-trade. What new insights can historians gain about the past by thinking about things? A central object (and consequence) of modern warfare is the radical destruction and transformation of the material world. And yet we know little about the role of material culture in the history of war and forced displacement: objects carried in flight; objects stolen on battlefields; objects expropriated, reappropriated, and remembered.Objects of War illuminates the ways in which people have used things to grapple with the social, cultural, and psychological upheavals wrought by war and forced displacement. Chapters consider theft and pillaging as strategies of conquest; soldiers' relationships with their weapons; and the use of clothing and domestic goods by prisoners of war, extermination camp inmates, freed people, and refugees to make claims and to create a kind of normalcy.While studies of migration and material culture have proliferated in recent years, as have histories of the Napoleonic, colonial, World Wars, and postcolonial wars, few have focused on the movement of people and things in times of war across two centuries. This focus, in combination with a broad temporal canvas, serves historians and others well as they seek to push beyond the written word.Contributors:Noah Benninga, Sandra H. Dudley, Bonnie Effros, Cathleen M. Giustino, Alice Goff, Gerdien Jonker, Aubrey Pomerance, Iris Rachamimov, Brandon M. Schechter, Jeffrey Wallen, and Sarah Jones Weicksel