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Optional-Narrator Theory: Principles, Perspectives, Proposals (Frontiers of Narrative)
by Sylvie PatronTwentieth-century narratology fostered the assumption, which distinguishes narratology from previous narrative theories, that all narratives have a narrator. Since the first formulations of this assumption, however, voices have come forward to denounce oversimplifications and dangerous confusions of issues. Optional-Narrator Theory is the first collection of essays to focus exclusively on the narrator from the perspective of optional-narrator theories. Sylvie Patron is a prominent advocate of optional-narrator theories, and her collection boasts essays by many prominent scholars—including Jonathan Culler and John Brenkman—and covers a breadth of genres, from biblical narrative to poetry to comics. This volume bolsters the dialogue among optional-narrator and pan-narrator theorists across multiple fields of research. These essays make a strong intervention in narratology, pushing back against the widespread belief among narrative theorists in general and theorists of the novel in particular that the presence of a fictional narrator is a defining feature of fictional narratives. This topic is an important one for narrative theory and thus also for literary practice.Optional-Narrator Theory advances a range of arguments for dispensing with the narrator, except when it can be said that the author actually &“created&” a fictional narrator.
Optiques
by Andrea GouletAndrea Goulet takes the study of the novel into the realm of the visual by situating it in the context of nineteenth-century scientific and philosophical discourse about the nature of sight. She argues that French realism, detective fiction, science fiction, and literature of the fantastic from 1830 to 1910 reflected competition between two modern visual modes: a not-yet-outdated idealism and an empiricism that located truth in the body. More specifically, the book argues that key narrative forms of the nineteenth century were shaped by a set of scientific debates: between idealism and materialism in Honoré Balzac's Comédie humaine, between deduction and induction in early French detective fiction, and between objective vision and subjective vision in the "optogram" fictions of Jules Verne and others.Goulet aims to revise critical views on the modern novel in a number of ways. For instance, although many literary studies focus on the impact of cinema, photography, and painting, Optiques asserts the materialist bases of realism by establishing a genealogy of popular fictional genres as fundamentally optical, that is, as articulated according to bodily notions of sight.With its chronological and interdisciplinary scope, Optiques stands to contribute an important chapter to the study of literary modernity in its scientific context.
Opus 100
by Isaac AsimovASIMOV THE GREATEST Isaac Asimov needs no introduction. As the COLUMBUS DISPATCH declares, he is “the man who legitimized Science Fiction in the United States." But this is just part of the fabulous Asimov story. For this bestselling author has also explored virtually every branch of human knowledge in his mind- expanding writings. Now, in a blend of Science and Fiction that only he could achieve, Isaac Asimov takes you on a personally guided tour of the brightest adventures and delights in the Asimov galaxy.
Or Orwell: Writing and Democratic Socialism
by Alex WolochThere have been many studies of George Orwell, but nothing quite like this book by Alex Woloch--an exuberant, revisionary account of Orwell's radical writing. Bearing down on the propulsive irony and formal restlessness intertwined with his plain-style, Woloch offers a new understanding of Orwell and a new way of thinking about writing and politics.
Oración: Carta a Vicki y otras elegías políticas
by María MorenoPartiendo del enfrentamiento en el que muere Vicki Walsh a través de documentos y testimonios de sobrevivientes, Oración es una relectura de la obra periodística de Rodolfo Walsh y sus procedimientos estético-políticos a partir de sus "Carta a Vicki" y "Carta a mis amigos", menos conocidas que su "Carta a la Junta". Combinación y cruce de géneros, el libro es principalmente una investigación sobre la verdad en su dimensión para-judicial, sus metáforas y el nuevo valor del testimonio. Oración es de aquellos libros que transforman nuestra sensibilidad al pensar la tragedia humana. Con la investigación del asalto del Ejército a la casa donde a fines de 1976 muere Vicki Walsh, el libro propone una nueva tradición fundada en las cartas que Rodolfo Walsh dedica a su hija y a sus amigos. En esos textos, la gesta política de Walsh se transforma en literaria e íntima, porque instaura un linaje de mujeres destinado a jaquear el protocolo testimonial de la violencia política que -en cine, literatura y teatro- estallará con la interpelación recurrente de hijas y madres sobre los alcances de la vida y el amor. María Moreno, consagrada como una de las voces más audaces y plenas de Hispanoamérica, arrasa con las fronteras entre ensayo, literatura, crítica, investigación y biografía para llevar la escritura a un nuevo mundo, del que es a la vez creadora, descubridora y cronista. La crítica ha dicho... «Somos muchos los que consideramos a María Moreno la mejor cronista argentina de todos los tiempos y una de las voces documentales más lúcidas de la lengua, entre otras hipérboles razonables.»Jorge Carrión, The New York Times "La verdad de Moreno es una norma de estilo, de un gran estilo plebeyo."Carlos Pardo, Babelia
Oracles of Empire: Poetry, Politics, and Commerce in British America, 1690-1750
by David S. ShieldsThis innovative look at previously neglected poetry in British America represents a major contribution to our understanding of early American culture. Spanning the period from the Glorious Revolution (1690) to the end of King George's War (1750), this study critically reconstitutes the literature of empire in the thirteen colonies, Canada, and the West Indies by investigating over 300 texts in mixed print and manuscript sources, including poems in pamphlets and newspapers. British America's poetry of empire was dominated by three issues: mercantilism's promise that civilization and wealth would be transmitted from London to the provinces; the debate over the extent of metropolitan prerogatives in law and commerce when they obtruded upon provincial rights and interests; and the argument that Britain's imperium pelagi was an ethical empire, because it depended upon the morality of trade, while the empires of Spain and France were immoral empires because they were grounded upon conquest. In discussing these issues, Shields provides a virtual anthology of poems long lost to students of American literature.
Oracles of Empire: Poetry, Politics, and Commerce in British America, 1690–1750
by David S. ShieldsThis innovative look at previously neglected poetry in British America represents a major contribution to our understanding of early American culture. Spanning the period from the Glorious Revolution (1690) to the end of King George's War (1750), this study critically reconstitutes the literature of empire in the thirteen colonies, Canada, and the West Indies by investigating over 300 texts in mixed print and manuscript sources, including poems in pamphlets and newspapers. British America's poetry of empire was dominated by three issues: mercantilism's promise that civilization and wealth would be transmitted from London to the provinces; the debate over the extent of metropolitan prerogatives in law and commerce when they obtruded upon provincial rights and interests; and the argument that Britain's imperium pelagi was an ethical empire, because it depended upon the morality of trade, while the empires of Spain and France were immoral empires because they were grounded upon conquest. In discussing these issues, Shields provides a virtual anthology of poems long lost to students of American literature.
Oracy in English Language Education: Insights from Practice-Oriented Research (English Language Education #36)
by Julia Reckermann Philipp Siepmann Frauke MatzThis book innovatively connects the two fields of oracy and practice-oriented empirical research in English language education. It creates synergies and proposes innovative approaches to the study of oracy in the context of learning and teaching English as a second, additional or foreign language. The book also develops a contemporary and holistic concept of oracy, thus contributing to the theoretical discourse in this area of research. The first part provides a general framework of different approaches to conducting practice-oriented research in English language teaching. It introduces the concept of oracy and discusses its relevance to language teaching. Design-based research and action research are outlined as two practice-oriented research approaches. The second part presents research on how oracy can be fostered and assessed at primary and secondary levels, while the third part focuses on tertiary education. The contributions to this book highlight the opportunities and challenges of conducting research in, on, and for classroom practice with stakeholders such as teachers, students, teacher trainees, university students, parents, and school administrators. They explore selected teaching methods, assessment and, finally, teacher education. The theoretical, methodological, and practical challenges of research-practice partnerships are also addressed. This book demonstrates that innovative approaches to the development and assessment of oral skills can be developed through close collaboration between different stakeholders in language education. It serves as an inspiration for other educators and researchers in the field of English language education at all levels.
Oral Communication: Skills, Choices, and Consequences
by Kathryn Sue Young Howard Paul TravisThis book is designed to help you recognize the importance of your words and actions in communication. The goals for this undergraduate communication textbook are to: (1) engage you to think about the skills, choices, and consequences of your communication; (2) create a book you will want to read; and (3) convince you that success can be yours if you make solid choices in your communication style.
Oral Epic Traditions in China and Beyond (China Perspectives)
by Chao GejinThis volume is the masterpiece of Chao Gejin, one of the best-known Chinese scholars of Epic studies, representing his most influential works on the change of the nature of the Epic across the twentieth century. The discussion ranges from Homeric and Indo-European epics to renewed discoveries of age-old African and Asian epics. The author details developments in research from Parry and Lord’s work on Serbo-Croat oral poetry to his own research on the Mongol heroic epic. The book traces the formation of theoretical systems such as Oral Formulaic Theory, Ethnopoetics and Performance Theory, and ends with the author’s explorations of the 20th-century Mongolian bard Arimpil’s singing of his native epic poetry. Using methods that previous scholars used to demonstrate the fundamentally oral nature of the Homeric epic, Chao brings to light the poetic richness of the still-living Mongol oral epic tradition. Students and scholars of epic studies, literature, folklore and anthropology will find this an essential reference.
Oral Forms of Nigerian Autobiography and Life Stories (Routledge African Diaspora Literary and Cultural Studies)
by Adetayo AlabiOral Forms of Nigerian Autobiography and Life Stories discusses the oral life stories and poems that Africans, particularly the Yoruba people, have told about the self and community over hundreds of years. Disproving the Eurocentric argument that Africans didn’t produce stories about themselves, the author showcases a vibrant literary tradition of oral autobiographies in Africa and the diaspora. The oral auto/biographies studied in this book show that stories and poems about individuals and their communities have always existed in various African societies and they were used to record, teach, and document history, culture, tradition, identity, and resistance. Genres covered in the book include the panegyric, witches’ and wizards’ narratives, the epithalamium tradition, the hunter’s chant, and Udje of the Urhobo. Providing an important showcase for oral narrative traditions this book will be of interest to students, scholars, and researchers in African and Africana studies, literature and auto/biographical studies.
Oral Histology and Oral Histopathology: A Practical Guide for Dental Students and a Companion to Pathologists
by S R Prabhu Nagamani Narayana Norman A Firth David F WilsonThis textbook gives a comprehensive overview of oral histology and oral histopathology. It discusses the microscopic features of normal structures and the cellular changes that occur during the disease processes. Essential knowledge is provided on clinically diagnosed and biopsied samples of lesions and the mechanism involved in the pathological process. The book is divided into three parts: Part one, Oral Histology, serves as a foundation and explains the structure and development of different oral tissues. Part two, Oral Histopathology, presents a classification of diseases and discusses salient microscopic features. Part three, Investigative Oral Pathology, is designed to inform students and clinicians of the methodologies available and used to diagnose oral diseases microscopically. The book and its combined approach to oral histology and histopathology are useful for students and clinicians working in oral pathology, oral surgery, special needs dentistry, and oral health therapy. It also meets the needs of preclinical and clinical dentistry students.
Oral History And Digital Humanities
by Douglas A. Boyd Mary A. LarsonExploring the developments that have occurred in the practice of oral history since digital audio and video became viable, this book explores various groundbreaking projects in the history of digital oral history, distilling the insights of pioneers in the field and applying them to the constantly changing electronic landscape of today.
Oral History Off The Record
by Anna Sheftel Stacey ZembrzyckiBecause oral history interviews are personal interactions between human beings, they rarely conform to a methodological ideal. These reflections from oral historians provide honest and rigorous analyses of actual oral history practice that address the complexities of a human-centered methodology.
Oral History and Business: Disruption and Continuity
by Robert Crawford Matthew BaileyThis book introduces business historians to oral history methodologies and approaches. Using four distinct oral history case studies to explore ideas of disruption and continuity in business history over the second half of the twentieth century, Robert Crawford and Matthew Bailey demonstrate how critical engagement with oral history approaches serves to enhance and enliven business history as well as its relationship with other historical fields. The focus on disruption is used to encompass a broad set of processes such as technological change, the impact of external forces, informal business networks, social constructions of gender, knowledge transfer, firm adaptability and cultural change. The use of oral histories to interpret responses to disruption in the past, and to explore the features characterising business continuity, provides an opportunity to consider the human dimensions, subjective experiences and personal insights of workplace, firm and industry change. It also sheds light on the ways that people and firms respond to disruptive forces through innovation and adaptation – both successfully and unsuccessfully. This succinct and accessible account is essential reading for business historians with little experience in using oral history, as well as those looking to gain deeper insights from their oral history data.
Oral History and Mathematics Education (History of Mathematics Education)
by Antonio Vicente Marafioti GarnicaThis book presents an innovative method to investigate the history of mathematics education using oral narratives to study different aspects related to the teaching and learning of mathematics. The application of oral history in mathematics education research was first developed as a method in Brazil in the early 2000s as a result of interdisciplinary dialogues between mathematics educators, anthropologists, sociologists, historians, psychologists, artists and philosophers. Since then, this new methodology has attracted the attention of a growing number of researchers. This contributed volume is the first book in English to bring together chapters written by different members of the research group who developed the methodology and to present a comprehensive overview of the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of oral narratives in the study of experiences in mathematics classrooms. Oral History and Mathematics Education will be a useful tool to researchers and educators looking for new methods to study the dynamics of teaching and learning mathematics in the classroom and to develop innovative mathematics teacher education programs. The volume will also be of interest to historians of education since it describes the foundations of both concepts and procedures related to the application of oral history in educational research, always giving examples of studies already conducted and, whenever possible, suggesting possible research exercises.
Oral History and Photography
by Alexander Freund Alistair ThomsonThis book collects original research essays to explore the diverse uses of photographs and photography in oral history, from the use of photos as memory triggers to their deployment in the telling of life stories. The book's contributors include both oral historians and photography scholars and critics.
Oral History and Public Memories
by Hamilton Linda Paula ShopesOral history is inherently about memory, and when oral history interviews are used "in public," they invariably both reflect and shape public memories of the past. Oral History and Public Memories is the only book that explores this relationship, in fourteen case studies of oral history's use in a variety of venues and media around the world. Readers will learn, for example, of oral history based efforts to reclaim community memory in post-apartheid Cape Town, South Africa; of the role of personal testimony in changing public understanding of Japanese American history in the American West; of oral history's value in mapping heritage sites important to Australia's Aboriginal population; and of the way an oral history project with homeless people in Cleveland, Ohio became a tool for popular education. Taken together, these original essays link the well established practice of oral history to the burgeoning field of memory studies.
Oral History and the Holocaust in Slovakia: Selective and Contradictory Memories (The Holocaust and its Contexts)
by Monika VrzgulováNearly thirty years ago, Monika Vrzgulová took part in the very first oral history research project aimed at Holocaust survivors in Slovakia. That project transformed her professional as well as her personal life. The Holocaust as a scholarly subject and the oral history method have stayed with her to this day. This book summarizes her findings and the experience she has acquired researching Holocaust memory, combining memory studies, oral history, autoethnography, and reflexive writing methods. It presents data from two international research projects which took part in Slovakia too and are available to experts and the public online. The insights gained from this research are contextualised with the social situation in a country that is trying to come to terms with its past after the fall of Communism.
Oral History at a Distance (Practicing Oral History)
by Stephen M. Sloan Steven Sielaff Adrienne A. Cain Darough Michelle HollandOral History at a Distance is the first publication to explore both the ideas behind and application of oral history in remote projects.Since the COVID-19 pandemic, working from a distance is now an ongoing and necessary approach in the oral historian’s toolkit. In this volume, the experienced team members of Baylor University’s Institute for Oral History provide a road map for adapting traditional best practices and procedures to this new environment while maintaining the standards oral historians hold dear. The authors present chapters on the range of oral history practice—project design, ethical considerations, project management, interviewing, technology, and preservation. While this book is always concerned with how to do remote oral history well, it also examines the changed dynamics and new considerations of moving from face-to-face projects to distance work. In this, the authors are joined by an international host of practitioners who have had their own experiences with oral history at a distance and share their insights from their work through informative case studies.As the practice of oral history moves into a new era, this book is an essential resource for oral historians—whether they are just starting out or wanting to stay innovative in their endeavors.
Oral History in Latin America: Unlocking the Spoken Archive
by David Carey JrThis field guide to oral history in Latin America addresses methodological, ethical, and interpretive issues arising from the region’s unique milieu. With careful consideration of the challenges of working in Latin America – including those of language, culture, performance, translation, and political instability – David Carey Jr. provides guidance for those conducting oral history research in the postcolonial world. In regions such as Latin America, where nations that have been subjected to violent colonial and neocolonial forces continue to strive for just and peaceful societies, decolonizing research and analysis is imperative. Carey deploys case studies and examples in ways that will resonate with anyone who is interested in oral history.
Oral History, Community, and Displacement
by Sean FieldThis book uses oral history methodology to record stories of people who experienced the brunt of racist forced removals in the city of Cape Town, South Africa. Through life stories and community case studies, it traces the human impact of this disruptive, often violent feature of apartheid's social engineering.
Oral Interpretation (Mysearchlab Series 15% Off Ser.)
by Benjamin Powell Timothy GuraIn its 13th Edition, the iconic Oral Interpretation continues to prepare students to analyze and perform literature through an accessible, step-by-step process. New selections join classic favorites, and chapters devoted to specific genres—narrative, poetry, group performance, and more—explore the unique challenges of each form. Now tighter and more focused than its predecessors, this edition highlights movements in contemporary culture—especially the contributions of social media to current communication. New writings offer advice and strategies for maximizing body and voice in performance, and enhanced devices guide novices in performance preparation.
Oral Interpretation (Mysearchlab Series 15% Off Ser.)
by Timothy Gura Charlotte LeeFor over fifty years, Oral Interpretation has successfully prepared students to analyze and perform literature through an accessible, step-by-step process. The authors classic commitment to helping students understand literature then to embody and evoke the work has been refined to offer students a more concise, user-friendly process that will help them succeed in their daunting first performance. Updated with a tightly edited collection of classic and contemporary selections, each chapter provides a wide variety of selections for students at all levels. Chapters devoted to each genre---narrative, poetry, drama, group performance–explore the unique challenges of each form while newly revised chapters on Using the Body and Using the Voice in performance introduce students to technical exercises to promote performance flexibility.
Oral Language and Comprehension in Preschool
by Lesley Mandel Morrow Linda B. Gambrell Kathleen A. RoskosBefore children are readers and writers, they are speakers and listeners. This book provides creative, hands-on strategies for developing preschoolers' speaking, listening, and oral comprehension skills, within a literacy-rich classroom environment. Each chapter features helpful classroom vignettes; a section called Preschool in Practice, with step-by-step lesson ideas; and Ideas for Discussion, Reflection, and Action. The book addresses the needs of English language learners and describes ways to support students' literacy development at home. The final chapter pulls it all together through a portrait of an exemplary day of preschool teaching and learning. Reproducible forms and checklists can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size.