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Putting Crisis in Perspective: Analyses of Past and Present Crises in Literature, Culture, and Foreign Language Teaching (Second Language Learning and Teaching)
by Artur SkweresThis collected book analyzes the phenomenon of crisis manifested across various historical periods. It offers unique, multifaceted, and interdisciplinary perspectives on the issues of crises and finds numerous applications in the fields of literature, linguistics, advertising, photography, and foreign language teaching. The collection is divided into two parts. The chapters in its first part analyze literature and language: from medieval England to cultural changes in America occurring under the influence of the transformation caused by the propagation of print culture. The incisive commentaries consider the works of culture that span not only literature but also film. They reveal how much we can learn by considering how past generations perceived reality in times of crisis. The second part of the book contains chapters, which examine texts related to contemporary crises expressed in the visual media of advertising and photography, but also in foreign language teaching. As the authors show, both ads and non-commercial, socially engaged photographs can influence the viewer in a swift and impactful manner by conveying messages of great social importance. The authors convincingly that argue both photographs and ads can be used for social benefit by visualizing even the unpleasant or shocking sides of reality. Finally, the notion of crisis experienced by students of English as a foreign language is analyzed and supplemented by research which may prove useful for researchers and practitioners alike.
Putting Critical Language Pedagogy into Practice
by Holly Hansen-Thomas Barbara MuszyńskaPutting Critical Language Pedagogy into Practice explores the practice of language teaching through the lens of critical pedagogy, reflexivity, and the importance of reflexivity for teacher development. It also shows how these reflexive practices can contribute to more inclusivity and decolonization of the curriculum. A range of experts argue persuasively for epistemological reflexivity in practice and demonstrate how to implement this critical thinking into daily instructional practice. Each chapter is structured around three themes in order to help readers connect challenging theoretical ideas into day to day teaching practice: Reflection – the author’s story and issue of concern; Epistemic Reflexivity – personal epistemologies reflecting on the social conditions influencing the theory underpinning that author’s practices; Resolved action – how the epistemic reflexivity leads to purposeful decision-making enacted in classroom contexts. Original, thoughtful and challenging, this text is fascinating and instructional reading for language education advanced students, researchers and practitioners. The idea for this book emerged during the Fulbright scholarship at Texas Woman’s University out of the mutual research interests of the editors.
Putting Modernism Together: Literature, Music, and Painting, 1872–1927 (Hopkins Studies in Modernism)
by Daniel AlbrightA powerful introduction to modernism and the creative arts it inspired.How do you rationally connect the diverse literature, music, and painting of an age? Throughout the modernist era—which began roughly in 1872 with the Franco-Prussian War, climaxed with the Great War, and ended with a third catastrophe, the Great Depression—there was a special belligerence to this question. It was a cultural period that envisioned many different models of itself: to the Cubists, it looked like a vast jigsaw puzzle; to the Expressionists, it resembled a convulsive body; to the Dadaists, it brought to mind a heap of junk following an explosion. In Putting Modernism Together, Daniel Albright searches for the center of the modernist movement by assessing these various artistic models, exploring how they generated a stunning range of creative work that was nonetheless wound together aesthetically, and sorting out the cultural assumptions that made each philosophical system attractive. Emerging from Albright's lectures for a popular Harvard University course of the same name, the book investigates different methodologies for comparing the evolution and congruence of artistic movements by studying simultaneous developments that occurred during particularly key modernist years. What does it mean, Albright asks, that Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, published in 1899, appeared at the same time as Claude Debussy's Nocturnes—beyond the fact that the word "Impressionist" has been used to describe each work? Why, in 1912, did the composer Arnold Schoenberg and the painter Vassily Kandinsky feel such striking artistic kinship? And how can we make sense of a movement, fragmented by isms, that looked for value in all sorts of under- or ill-valued places, including evil (Baudelaire), dung heaps (Chekhov), noise (Russolo), obscenity (Lawrence), and triviality (Satie)? Throughout Putting Modernism Together, Albright argues that human culture can best be understood as a growth-pattern or ramifying of artistic, intellectual, and political action. Going beyond merely explaining how the artists in these genres achieved their peculiar effects, he presents challenging new analyses of telling craft details which help students and scholars come to know more fully this bold age of aesthetic extremism.
Putting PIRLS to Use in Classrooms Across the Globe: Evidence-Based Contributions for Teaching Reading Comprehension in a Multilingual Context (IEA Research for Educators #1)
by Marian Bruggink Nicole Swart Annelies van der Lee Eliane SegersThis open access book provides teachers with approaches to strengthen reading comprehension instruction based on scientific research and evidence-based didactic principles. In this volume, the Progress in International Reading Study (PIRLS) framework is used to inform teachers about the skills and knowledge that students need to comprehend certain texts. The book gives practical guidance on how a teacher can help students to learn these skills, specifically, when teaching reading to multilingual students. Good practices from schools in five participating PIRLS countries—Chile, Chinese Taipei, England, Georgia, and Spain—are shared. A description of the schools’ education in reading comprehension is provided with practical tips and example lessons. These insights into daily reading education in multilingual classrooms across the globe can be an inspiration to teachers all over the world.
Putting Writing Research into Practice
by Rebecca Shankland Gary TroiaWhat are the most effective methods for teaching writing across grade levels and student populations? What kind of training do teachers need to put research-validated methods into practice? This unique volume combines the latest writing research with clear-cut recommendations for designing high-quality professional development efforts. Prominent authorities describe ways to help teachers succeed by using peer coaching, cross-disciplinary collaboration, lesson study, and other professional development models. All aspects of instruction and assessment are addressed, including high-stakes writing assessments, applications of technology, motivational issues, writing in different genres and subject areas, and teaching struggling writers.
Putting the CEFR into Practice Through Action Research: Reflecting on Principles for Foreign Language Teaching
by Noriko Nagai Gregory C. Birch Jack V. Bower Maria Gabriela SchmidtThis book provides an overview of an action research model which utilizes the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and stresses the importance of systematically researching classroom practice. It introduces the complementary nature of the CEFR and action research, the CEFR, and the CEFR-focused Action Research Model (CARM). The book includes seven case studies guided by the model and concludes with an overall assessment of the efficacy of the CARM as a way to facilitate action research into CEFR-informed practice. Undertaken in a Japanese educational context, the focus of the book is squarely on classroom-based CEFR-focused action research concerning issues that all educators face, such as course design, materials development/selection, classroom implementation, learner autonomy and assessment.
Putting the Fact in Fantasy: Expert Advice to Bring Authenticity to Your Fantasy Writing
by Scott Lynch Dan KoboldtA collection of essays from historians, linguists, martial artists, and other experts to help you write more compelling fantasy by getting the facts rightWhether it's correctly naming the parts of a horse, knowing how lords and ladies address one another, or building a realistic fantasy army, getting the details right takes fantasy writing to the next level. Featuring some of the most popular articles from Dan Koboldt&’s Fact in Fantasy blog as well as several never-before-seen essays, this book gives aspiring and established fantasy writers alike an essential foundation to the fascinating history and cultures of our own world, which serve as a jumping-off point for more inspired and convincing fantasy.
Putting the Science in Fiction: Expert Advice for Writing with Authenticity in Science Fiction, Fantasy, & Other Genres
by Chuck Wendig Dan KoboldtScience and technology have starring roles in a wide range of genres--science fiction, fantasy, thriller, mystery, and more. Unfortunately, many depictions of technical subjects in literature, film, and television are pure fiction. A basic understanding of biology, physics, engineering, and medicine will help you create more realistic stories that satisfy discerning readers. This book brings together scientists, physicians, engineers, and other experts to help you:Understand the basic principles of science, technology, and medicine that are frequently featured in fiction.Avoid common pitfalls and misconceptions to ensure technical accuracy.Write realistic and compelling scientific elements that will captivate readers.Brainstorm and develop new science- and technology-based story ideas.Whether writing about mutant monsters, rogue viruses, giant spaceships, or even murders and espionage, Putting the Science in Fiction will have something to help every writer craft better fiction.Putting the Science in Fiction collects articles from "Science in Sci-fi, Fact in Fantasy," Dan Koboldt's popular blog series for authors and fans of speculative fiction (dankoboldt.com/science-in-scifi). Each article discusses an element of sci-fi or fantasy with an expert in that field. Scientists, engineers, medical professionals, and others share their insights in order to debunk the myths, correct the misconceptions, and offer advice on getting the details right.
Puzzlemaster Deck: 75 Brain Twisters (Puzzlemaster Deck)
by Will ShortzStrain your brain with these seventy-five cognitive challenges you can do anywhere, alone or with others!NPR Puzzlemaster—as well as crossword editor for the New York Times—Will Shortz presents 75 verbal brainteasers to challenge all who enjoy wordplay. None of the puzzles require pen or paper, making them perfect for playing while standing in line, commuting to work, or hanging out with friends.
Puzzles and Epiphanies: Essays and Reviews 1958-1961 (Routledge Revivals)
by Sir Frank KermodeThis book, first published in 1962, is a collection of twenty-four essays written by Frank Kermode between 1958 and early 1961, and are all concerned with criticism and fiction. Puzzles and Epiphanies: Essays and Reviews 1958-1961 includes essays on the works of James Joyce, William Golding, E. M. Forster, and J. D. Salinger, amongst many others. This book is ideal for students of literature.
Puzzles and Maps (Reach Into Phonics Ser.)
by Deborah J. Short Gloria Rodriguez Jay DmitriNIMAC-sourced textbook
Puzzles, Games, and Tricks: Understanding the Mystery and Magic of Numbers
by Jerome S. MeyerHow big is one billion? If you had a billion dollars and invested it in a business that lost a thousand dollars a day, do you know how long it would take you to go broke? Answer: Two thousand years! If the pen on your desk were enlarged a billion times, the point would be longer than the Mississippi River and the cap would be big enough to enclose the Earth. These are the types of cool facts that you can learn from this intriguing book. Although few of us really understand figures greater than a few thousand, we live in a vast world of numbers. Puzzles, Games, and Tricks confronts this world in a fun, informative, and accessible way. Contained within its pages is a gold mine of information for readers to absorb and comprehend, including mathematical puzzles, formulas, games, and tricks that will captivate readers young and old. Author Jerome Meyer provides a fascinating and amazing key to the magic world of numbers. Readers will find Puzzles, Games, and Tricks one of the most readable books on mathematics ever published.
Puzzling Modernism in Twentieth-Century Literature (Routledge Studies in Twentieth-Century Literature)
by Laura LorhanPuzzling Modernism in Twentieth-Century Literature identifies a sustained interest in puzzles, such as the jigsaw and Fifteen Puzzle, dating back to the 1880s in the United States, and argues that puzzles appealed to modernist authors because they offer a framework for acknowledging the grim realities of modern life without sacrificing the possibility for reconnection and regaining a sense of wholeness. However, puzzles also participate in exclusionary discourses and advance regressive agendas, particularly when administered as intelligence tests. Far more than aesthetic models, then, puzzles serve modernist writers as tools for revealing and frequently subverting the rhetorical ends to which these seemingly innocent and trivial pastimes have been put. This volume examines how Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Dorothy Parker, Djuna Barnes, Jean Toomer, and Carson McCullers intervened in cultural debates about race, gender, sexuality, and belonging via their selection of specific puzzles as aesthetic influences and touchstones for interrogating received ideas. Geared toward specialists in twentieth-century Anglo-American literature, this book is, nonetheless, accessible to undergraduates and other educated readerships. Blending close reading with cultural history, Puzzling Modernism in Twentieth-Century Literature offers a nuanced view of American literary history from a time, not unlike our own, in which nativism, intolerance, and fear were endemic.
Puzzling Stories: The Aesthetic Appeal of Cognitive Challenge in Film, Television and Literature
by Miklós Kiss Steven WillemsenMany films and novels defy our ability to make sense of the plot. While puzzling storytelling, strange incongruities, inviting enigmas and persistent ambiguities have been central to the effects of many literary and cinematic traditions, a great deal of contemporary films and television series bring such qualities to the mainstream—but wherein lies the attractiveness of perplexing works of fiction? This collected volume offers the first comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and trans-medial approach to the question of cognitive challenge in narrative art, bringing together psychological, philosophical, formal-historical, and empirical perspectives from leading scholars across these fields.
Puzzling Stories: The Aesthetic Appeal of Cognitive Challenge in Film, Television and Literature
by Miklós Kiss Steven WillemsenMany films and novels defy our ability to make sense of the plot. While puzzling storytelling, strange incongruities, inviting enigmas and persistent ambiguities have been central to the effects of many literary and cinematic traditions, a great deal of contemporary films and television series bring such qualities to the mainstream—but wherein lies the attractiveness of perplexing works of fiction? This collected volume offers the first comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and trans-medial approach to the question of cognitive challenge in narrative art, bringing together psychological, philosophical, formal-historical, and empirical perspectives from leading scholars across these fields.
Pygmalion (SparkNotes Literature Guide Series)
by SparkNotesPygmalion (SparkNotes Literature Guide) by Geroge Bernard Shaw Making the reading experience fun! Created by Harvard students for students everywhere, SparkNotes is a new breed of study guide: smarter, better, faster. Geared to what today's students need to know, SparkNotes provides: *Chapter-by-chapter analysis *Explanations of key themes, motifs, and symbols *A review quiz and essay topicsLively and accessible, these guides are perfect for late-night studying and writing papers
Pygmalion and Galatea: The History of a Narrative in English Literature
by Essaka JoshuaThis title was published in 2001. Pygmalion and Galatea presents an account of the development of the Pygmalion story from its origins in early Greek myth until the twentieth century. It focuses on the use of the story in nineteenth-century British literature, exploring gender issues, the nature of artistic creativity and the morality of Greek art.
Pynchon and History: Metahistorical Rhetoric and Postmodern Narrative Form in the Novels of Thomas Pynchon (Studies in Major Literary Authors)
by Shawn SmithFirst Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Pynchon and Philosophy
by Martin Paul EvePynchon and Philosophy radically reworks our readings of Thomas Pynchon alongside the theoretical perspectives of Wittgenstein, Foucault and Adorno. Rigorous yet readable, Pynchon and Philosophy seeks to recover philosophical readings of Pynchon that work harmoniously, rather than antagonistically, resulting in a wholly fresh approach.
Pynchon and the Political (Studies in Major Literary Authors)
by Samuel ThomasThomas Pynchon's writing has been widely regarded as an exemplary form of postmodern fiction. It is characterized as genre-defying and enigmatic, as a series of complex and esoteric language games. This study attempts to demonstrate, however, that an oblique yet compelling sense of the "political" Pynchon disappers all too easily under the mantle of postmodernity. Innovative and unsettling discussions of freedom, war, labor, poverty, community, democracy, and totalitarianism are passed over in favor of constrictive scientific metaphors and theoretical play. Against this current, this study analyzes Pynchon's fiction in terms of its radical dimension, showing how it points to new directions in the relationship between the political and the aesthetic.
Pythagorean Women: Their History and Writings
by Sarah B. PomeroyLove triangles and Pythagorean women.In Pythagorean Women, classical scholar Sarah B. Pomeroy discusses the groundbreaking principles that Pythagoras established for family life in Archaic Greece, such as constituting a single standard of sexual conduct for women and men. Among the Pythagoreans, women played an important role and participated actively in the philosophical life. While Pythagoras encouraged women to be submissive to men, his reasoning was based on the desire to preserve harmony in the home. Pythagorean Women provides English translations of all the earliest extant examples of literary Greek prose by Neopythagorean women, shedding light on their attitudes about marriage, the home, music, and the cosmos. Pomeroy sets the Pythagorean and Neopythagorean women vividly in their historical, ecological, and intellectual contexts, illustrated with original photographs of sites and artifacts known to these women.
Python for Linguists
by Michael HammondSpecifically designed for linguists, this book provides an introduction to programming using Python for those with little to no experience of coding. Python is one of the most popular and widely-used programming languages as it's also available for free and runs on any operating system. All examples in the text involve language data and can be adapted or used directly for language research. The text focuses on key language-related issues: searching, text manipulation, text encoding and internet data, providing an excellent resource for language research. More experienced users of Python will also benefit from the advanced chapters on graphical user interfaces and functional programming.
Python for Natural Language Processing: Programming with NumPy, scikit-learn, Keras, and PyTorch (Cognitive Technologies)
by Pierre M. NuguesSince the last edition of this book (2014), progress has been astonishing in all areas of Natural Language Processing, with recent achievements in Text Generation that spurred a media interest going beyond the traditional academic circles. Text Processing has meanwhile become a mainstream industrial tool that is used, to various extents, by countless companies. As such, a revision of this book was deemed necessary to catch up with the recent breakthroughs, and the author discusses models and architectures that have been instrumental in the recent progress of Natural Language Processing.As in the first two editions, the intention is to expose the reader to the theories used in Natural Language Processing, and to programming examples that are essential for a deep understanding of the concepts. Although present in the previous two editions, Machine Learning is now even more pregnant, having replaced many of the earlier techniques to process text. Many new techniques build on the availability of text. Using Python notebooks, the reader will be able to load small corpora, format text, apply the models through executing pieces of code, gradually discover the theoretical parts by possibly modifying the code or the parameters, and traverse theories and concrete problems through a constant interaction between the user and the machine. The data sizes and hardware requirements are kept to a reasonable minimum so that a user can see instantly, or at least quickly, the results of most experiments on most machines.The book does not assume a deep knowledge of Python, and an introduction to this language aimed at Text Processing is given in Ch. 2, which will enable the reader to touch all the programming concepts, including NumPy arrays and PyTorch tensors as fundamental structures to represent and process numerical data in Python, or Keras for training Neural Networks to classify texts. Covering topics like Word Segmentation and Part-of-Speech and Sequence Annotation, the textbook also gives an in-depth overview of Transformers (for instance, BERT), Self-Attention and Sequence-to-Sequence Architectures.
Pásate de la raya: Artículos, 1992-2002
by Salman RushdieUna colección de los artículos de prensa de Salman Rushdie escritos entre 1992 y 2002 que recoge sus opiniones. Los artículos que componen este volumen nos descubren el lado más personal y más cercano de uno de nuestros autores contemporáneos más importantes. De una manera franca y directa, Salman Rushdie nos habla de su afición al fútbol, su predilección por la música de U2 o su entusiasmo por El mago de Oz; asimismo, nos da su opinión sobre política o sobre su propia fetua, y también evalúa la obra de varios escritores. Pero lo más valioso de esta recopilación es que nos proporciona la visión íntima de un escritor e intelectual que analiza y juzga nuestra sociedad actual con una profundidad y una precisión expresiva que pocos alcanzan. Un libro que ofrece placeres inesperados a todos los que disfrutan del poder de la palabra. Opinión:«Pásate de la raya es un reconstituyente para la moral... Un libro acerca de la libertad, sus glorias y su alto precio.»The Globe and Mail
Póngase de pie ¡y hable!: Cómo convertirse en un orador y comunicador sobresaliente
by Dale Carnegie TrainingUn libro con las herramientas necesarias para convertirse, velozmente, en un gran orador a través de las verdaderas claves para lograr que sus oyentes no se aburran, pero también para informarlos, persuadirlos e inspirarlos a la acción a través de su mensaje. Además, le enseñará a perder el miedo de hablar en público. De manera presencial o virtual, son cada vez más las instancias en las que tenemos que hablar en público, algo para lo cual no todo el mundo está preparado. Falta de experiencia, no saber qué decir, dudas sobre el tema a tratar y hasta pánico escénico son las dificultades más comunes de quienes se resisten a presentarse ante un auditorio. En este libro se ofrecen las herramientas necesarias para convertirse, en el menor tiempo posible, en un magnífico orador. Aprenderá a organizar una charla, ya se trate de una de cinco minutos frente a un grupo reducido o de otra de media hora ante un auditorio repleto. Descubrirá cuáles son las verdaderas claves para lograr que sus oyentes no se aburran, pero también para informarlos, persuadirlos e inspirarlos a la acción a través de su mensaje. Quizá lo más importante sea que Póngase de pie ¡y hable! le enseñará a perder definitivamente el miedo de hablar en público.