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Imbeciles: The Supreme Court, American Eugenics, and the Sterilization of Carrie Buck
by Adam CohenLonglisted for the 2016 National Book Award for NonfictionOne of America’s great miscarriages of justice, the Supreme Court’s infamous 1927 Buck v. Bell ruling made government sterilization of “undesirable” citizens the law of the land In 1927, the Supreme Court handed down a ruling so disturbing, ignorant, and cruel that it stands as one of the great injustices in American history. In Imbeciles, bestselling author Adam Cohen exposes the court’s decision to allow the sterilization of a young woman it wrongly thought to be “feebleminded” and to champion the mass eugenic sterilization of undesirable citizens for the greater good of the country. The 8–1 ruling was signed by some of the most revered figures in American law—including Chief Justice William Howard Taft, a former U.S. president; and Louis Brandeis, a progressive icon. Oliver Wendell Holmes, considered by many the greatest Supreme Court justice in history, wrote the majority opinion, including the court’s famous declaration “Three generations of imbeciles are enough.”Imbeciles is the shocking story of Buck v. Bell, a legal case that challenges our faith in American justice. A gripping courtroom drama, it pits a helpless young woman against powerful scientists, lawyers, and judges who believed that eugenic measures were necessary to save the nation from being “swamped with incompetence.” At the center was Carrie Buck, who was born into a poor family in Charlottesville, Virginia, and taken in by a foster family, until she became pregnant out of wedlock. She was then declared “feebleminded” and shipped off to the Colony for Epileptics and Feeble-Minded.Buck v. Bell unfolded against the backdrop of a nation in the thrall of eugenics, which many Americans thought would uplift the human race. Congress embraced this fervor, enacting the first laws designed to prevent immigration by Italians, Jews, and other groups charged with being genetically inferior. Cohen shows how Buck arrived at the colony at just the wrong time, when influential scientists and politicians were looking for a “test case” to determine whether Virginia’s new eugenic sterilization law could withstand a legal challenge. A cabal of powerful men lined up against her, and no one stood up for her—not even her lawyer, who, it is now clear, was in collusion with the men who wanted her sterilized.In the end, Buck’s case was heard by the Supreme Court, the institution established by the founders to ensure that justice would prevail. The court could have seen through the false claim that Buck was a threat to the gene pool, or it could have found that forced sterilization was a violation of her rights. Instead, Holmes, a scion of several prominent Boston Brahmin families, who was raised to believe in the superiority of his own bloodlines, wrote a vicious, haunting decision upholding Buck’s sterilization and imploring the nation to sterilize many more. Holmes got his wish, and before the madness ended some sixty to seventy thousand Americans were sterilized. Cohen overturns cherished myths and demolishes lauded figures in relentless pursuit of the truth. With the intellectual force of a legal brief and the passion of a front-page exposé, Imbeciles is an ardent indictment of our champions of justice and our optimistic faith in progress, as well as a triumph of American legal and social history.From the Hardcover edition.
Imitación y experiencia (Tetralogía de la Ejemplaridad)
by Javier Gomá LanzónImitación y experiencia establece los fundamentos de una teoría general de la ejemplaridad, con su parte pragmática y su parte metafísica, poniendo así los cimientos filosóficos sobre los que descansan los otros tres títulos de esta tetralogía. La imitación es una de esas ideas fundamentales de la cultura occidental que, como la del ser, recorre todo el pensamiento europeo de un extremo a otro. <P><P>Para crear el contexto de comprensión adecuado, este libro, como paso previo, recupera una tradición de conceptos clásicos de la cultura como los de modelo, ejemplo o imitación. A través de una extensa investigación, reúne y ordena el vasto material bibliográfico disponible para narrar por primera vez la historia de la teoría de la ejemplaridad desde los orígenes hasta nuestros días distinguiendo entre cuatro clases de imitación y tres grandes etapas culturales. <P><P> Cada uno de los títulos de esta tetralogía es autónomo y de lectura independiente y al mismo tiempo los cuatro forman parte de un plan unitario en torno a la idea de ejemplaridad: su historia y su teoría general (Imitación y experiencia), su formación subjetiva (Aquiles en el gineceo), su aplicación a la esfera política (Ejemplaridad pública) y su relación con la esperanza (Necesario pero imposible). Esta edición culmina un plan literario-filosófico muy antiguo y largamente cultivado por el autor.
Imitation in Early Christianity: Mimesis and Religious-Ethical Formation
by Cornelis BennemaWhat did exhortations to &“follow Jesus&” or &“imitate Christ&” mean to early Christians? Cornelis Bennema examines mimesis as a religious-ethical concept in early Christianity—the imitation of Jesus (and other exemplars) to become a better, more Christlike person. Situating appeals for imitation in the New Testament and Apostolic Fathers within the cultural and social context of the broader Greco-Roman world, Bennema shows how early Christian mimesis was not about literal replication, but instead was a creative, cognitive, and transformative means for shaping conduct and character. As part of this study, Bennema explores key questions about the historic origins of early Christian mimesis; the language that early Christian authors used to articulate the concept of mimesis; the scope, nature, and workings of mimesis in each major section of early Christian literature; and how early Christians navigated the challenges of imitating exemplars (such as Paul or Jesus) who were not physically present. Offering well-researched answers to these questions, Bennema provides readers with a nuanced and informative picture of exhortations to imitation in the New Testament and Apostolic Fathers.
Immanuel Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals: A Commentary
by Immanuel Kant Allen W. Wood Dieter SchöneckerA defining work of moral philosophy, Kant's Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals has been influential to an extent far beyond what its modest length (roughly 75 pages) might suggest. It is also a famously difficult work, concerned with propounding universal principles rather than answering practical questions. As even professional philosophers will admit, first-time readers are not alone in finding some of its arguments perplexing. Offering an introduction that is accessible to students and relevant to specialized scholars, Dieter Schönecker and Allen Wood make luminously clear the ways the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals forms the basis of our modern moral outlook: that all human beings have equal dignity as ends in themselves; that every rational being is a self-governing agent whose morality freely derives from his or her own will; and that all rational beings constitute an ideal community, bound only by the moral laws they have agreed upon. Schönecker and Wood explain key Kantian concepts of duty, the good will, and moral worth, as well as the propositions Kant uses to derive his conception of the moral law. How the law relates to freedom, and the significance of the free will within Kant's overall philosophy are rigorously interrogated. Where differing interpretations of Kant's claims are possible, the authors provide alternative options, giving arguments for each. This critical introduction will help readers of the Groundwork gain an informed understanding of Kant's challenging but central philosophical work.
Immanuel Kant: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals in Focus (Routledge Philosophers In Focus Ser.)
by Lawrence PasternackThe Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals^ is one of the most important works of moral philosophy ever written, and Kant's most widely read work. It attempts to demonstrate that morality has its foundation in reason and that our wills are free from both natural necessity and the power of desire. It is here that Kant sets out his famous and controversial 'categorical imperative', which forms the basis of his moral theory.This book is an essential guide to the groundwork and the many important and profound claims that Kant raises. The book combines an invaluable introduction to the work offering an exploration of these arguments and setting them in the context of Kant's thinking, along with the complete H.J Paton translation of the work, and a selection of six of the best contemporary commentaries. It is the ideal companion for all students of Kantian ethics and anyone interested in moral philosophy. _ _ _
Immersive Technology and Experiences: Implications for Business and Society
by Githa S. Heggde Santosh Kumar Patra Rasananda PandaThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the role of immersive technology with multiple sectoral perspectives, such as entertainment, education, health care, and more. It covers a detailed analysis of the latest trends and developments in the field. It encompasses practical insights on using immersive technology effectively through industry expert chapters, case studies, and real-world examples that demonstrate how immersive technology is being used in different industries. Chapters in this book are from academicians and industry professionals to create a fine balance of knowledge and practice perspective of today’s immersive technology. It is written in accessible language that is easy for non-experts to understand. It focuses on the future of immersive technology, exploring its potential impact on society and the economy. It provides insights into the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead and offers predictions on how immersive technology will continue to evolve in the years to come. It is a valuable resource for anyone learning more about immersive technology.
Immigrant America: A Portrait
by Prof. Alejandro Portes Prof. Rubén G. RumbautThis revised and updated fifth edition of Immigrant America: A Portrait provides a comprehensive and current overview of immigration to the United States, including its history, the principal theories seeking to account for its diverse origins, the main types of immigrants, and the various forms of immigrants' incorporation within American society. With the latest available data, Immigrant America further explores the economic, political, regional, linguistic, and religious aspects of immigration. It offers detailed analyses of the adaptation process experienced by adult children of immigrants and adds an updated and expanded concluding chapter on changing immigration policy regimes both past and present.
Immigrant Rights in the Nuevo South: Enforcement and Resistance at the Borderlands of Illegality
by Meghan ConleyEvery day, undocumented immigrants are rendered vulnerable through policies and practices that illegalize them. Moreover, they are socially constructed into dangerous criminals and taxpayer burdens who are undeserving of rights, dignity, and respect. Meghan Conley’s timely book, Immigrant Rights in the Nuevo South, seeks to expose and challenge these dehumanizing ideas and practices byexamining the connections between repression and resistance for unauthorized immigrants in communities across the American Southeast. Conley uses on-the-ground interviews to describe fear and resistance from the perspective of those most affected by it. She shows how, for example, the Illegal Immigration Reform and Enforcement Act in Georgia prompted marches and an action that became “a day of non-compliance.” Likewise, an “enforcement lottery” that created unpredictable threats of arrest and deportation in the region mobilized immigrants to organize and demonstrate. However, as immigrant rights activists mobilize in opposition to the criminalization of undocumented people, they may unintentionally embrace stories of who deserves to be in the United States and who does not. Immigrant Rights in the Nuevo South explores these paradoxes while offering keen observations about the nature and power of Latinx resistance.
Immigrant Rights in the Shadows of Citizenship
by Rachel BuffPunctuated by marches across the United States in the spring of 2006, immigrant rights has reemerged as a significant and highly visible political issue. Immigrant Rights in the Shadows of U. S. Citizenship brings prominent activists and scholars together to examine the emergence and significance of the contemporary immigrant rights movement. Contributors place the contemporary immigrant rights movement in historical and comparative contexts by looking at the ways immigrants and their allies have staked claims to rights in the past, and by examining movements based in different communities around the United States. Scholars explain the evolution of immigration policy, and analyze current conflicts around issues of immigrant rights; activists engaged in the current movement document the ways in which coalitions have been built among immigrants from different nations, and between immigrant and native born peoples. The essays examine the ways in which questions of immigrant rights engage broader issues of identity, including gender, race, and sexuality.
Immigrants and the Right to Stay (Boston Review Books)
by Joseph H. CarensThe Obama administration promises to take on comprehensive immigration reform in 2010, setting policymakers to work on legislation that might give the approximately eleven million undocumented immigrants currently living in the United States a path to legalization of status. Commentators have been quick to observe that any such proposal will face intense opposition. Few issues have so divided the country in recent years as immigration. <p><p>Immigrants and the Right to Stay brings the debate into the realm of public reason. Political theorist Joseph Carens argues that although states have a right to control their borders, the right to deport those who violate immigration laws is not absolute. With time, immigrants develop a moral claim to stay. Emphasizing the moral importance of social membership, and drawing on principles widely recognized in liberal democracies, Carens calls for a rolling amnesty that gives unauthorized migrants a path to regularize their status once they have been settled for a significant period of time. <p><p>After Carens makes his case, six experts from across the political spectrum respond. Some protest that he goes too far; others say he does not go far enough in protecting the rights of migrants. Several raise competing moral claims and others help us understand how the immigration problem became so large. <p><p>Carens agrees that no moral claim is absolute, and that, on any complex public issue, principled debate involves weighing competing concerns. But for him the balance falls clearly on the side of amnesty.
Immigration (The International Library of Essays in Law and Society)
by Susan SterettWhilst immigration policy is a highly controversial topic in the West, states continue to receive people who settle, whether as asylum-seekers or refugees, or as family members of existing migrants or labour migrants. Many who move violate the immigration rules either in entering a country or staying beyond the time allowed. The problems illegality entails for migrants shape much of the law and society scholarship in this area and this volume brings together the key articles which shape current thinking. The main topics covered include illegality, mercy and the language of deservingness; transnationality; family and identity; refugees and asylum-seekers.
Immigration And Citizenship: Process And Policy
by David Martin Maryellen Fullerton Hiroshi Motomura Pratheepan Gulasekaram Juliet Stumpf T. AleinikoffThe Ninth Edition of this pathbreaking casebook continues its tradition of comprehensive coverage, with problems and exercises that allow students to hone skills as counselors, litigators, and policy advisors. These virtues have become especially important in light of the many changes to immigration and citizenship law since the Eighth Edition went to press in mid-2016. This new edition opens with a reworked foundational chapter that guides students through the casebook in two key dimensions: a basic framework for constitutional immigration law, and an overview of the core administrative law principles that recently have risen to prominence in the making of immigration and citizenship law. This Ninth Edition has thoroughly updated coverage of admissions categories, unauthorized migrants, admission procedures, detention, citizenship, removability, refugees and asylum, federal enforcement, and state and local measures. The treatment of every topic is streamlined, making for a slimmer volume. In each chapter, the Ninth Edition emphasizes both core and cutting-edge issues, while optimizing teachability for a wide variety of course settings.
Immigration Court Practice Manual
by The Executive Office for Immigration ReviewThis manual is provided for the information and convenience of the general public and for parties that appear before the Immigration Courts. The manual describes procedures, requirements, and recommendations for practice before the Immigration Courts. The requirements set forth in this manual are binding on the parties who appear before the Immigration Courts, unless the Immigration Judge directs otherwise in a particular case.
Immigration Detention in the European Union: In the Shadow of the “Crisis” (European Studies of Population #22)
by Michael Flynn Izabella Majcher Mariette GrangeThis book offers a unique comparative assessment of the evolution of immigration detention systems in European Union member states since the onset of the “refugee crisis.” By applying an analytical framework premised on international human rights law in assessing domestic detention regimes, the book reveals the extent to which EU legislation has led to the adoption of laws and practices that may disregard fundamental rights and standards. While emphasizing policies and laws adopted in response to the “refugee crisis,” the volume also shows how these policies have evolved—and in many cases grown more restrictive—even as the “crisis” has begun to recede from the borders of many European countries. To sharpen awareness of contrasting developments across the region, the book’s country chapters are organised into geographic sections that reveal how variations in migration pressures have in some cases resulted in contrasting detention practices even as the EU directives have sought to harmonise immigration laws. A critical focus of the book are the evolving domestic norms related to grounds for detention, length of detention, non-custodial "alternatives to detention," the treatment of children, and conditions of detention. With its systematic and comparative assessment of immigration detention regimes across the EU, the book will be helpful for both academics and practitioners who seek a comprehensive guide to the evolution of one of today’s more important human rights dilemmas—states’ efforts to control global migration.
Immigration Judges and U.S. Asylum Policy (Pennsylvania Studies in Human Rights)
by Jennifer S. Holmes Linda Camp Keith Banks MillerAlthough there are legal norms to secure the uniform treatment of asylum claims in the United States, anecdotal and empirical evidence suggest that strategic and economic interests also influence asylum outcomes. Previous research has demonstrated considerable variation in how immigration judges decide seemingly similar cases, which implies a host of legal concerns—not the least of which is whether judicial bias is more determinative of the decision to admit those fleeing persecution to the United States than is the merit of the claim. These disparities also raise important policy considerations about how to fix what many perceive to be a broken adjudication system.With theoretical sophistication and empirical rigor, Immigration Judges and U.S. Asylum Policy investigates more than 500,000 asylum cases that were decided by U.S. immigration judges between 1990 and 2010. The authors find that judges treat certain facts about an asylum applicant more objectively than others: facts determined to be legally relevant tend to be treated similarly by judges of different political ideologies, while facts considered extralegal are treated subjectively. Furthermore, the authors examine how local economic and political conditions as well as congressional reforms have affected outcomes in asylum cases, concluding with a series of policy recommendations aimed at improving the quality of immigration law decision making rather than trying to reduce disparities between decision makers.
Immigration Judicial Reviews: An Empirical Study (Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies)
by Robert Thomas Joe TomlinsonThis book analyses how the system of immigration judicial reviews works in practice, as an area which has, for decades, constituted the majority of judicial review cases and is politically controversial. Drawing upon extensive empirical research and unprecedented research access, it explores who brings judicial review challenges against immigration decisions and why, the type of immigration decisions that are challenged, how cases proceed through the judicial review process, how cases are settled out of court, and how judicial review interacts with other legal and non-legal remedies. It also examines the quality of immigration judicial review claims and the quality of the initial administrative decisions being challenged. Through developing a novel account of the operation of the immigration judicial review system in practice and the lived experience of it by judges, representatives, and claimants, this book adds a significant new perspective to the wider understanding of judicial review.
Immigration Law Handbook
by Margaret Phelan James GillespieNow in its ninth edition, the Immigration Law Handbook continues to bring together all the key materials relevant to Immigration and Asylum Law in one volume, providing an essential reference tool for those working in the area. This new edition includes the text of the Immigration Act 2014 which will make substantial changes to existing legislation, in particular the 1971 and 2002 acts and restricts access to housing and other services. Other texts provided include the new Dublin III EU regulations and recent UNHCRguidelines on refugee claims. This coverage of recent new legislation sits alongside existing important legislation to maintain the strengths of the handbook as a reference tool whilst providing the reader with up-to-date access to all new developments in a single volume. The Immigration Law Handbook has established itself as the standard in the field and has become an invaluable resource for immigration practitioners including Asylum and Immigration Tribunal judges and barristers, and solicitors and caseworkers working in immigration, asylum, and human rights law.
Immigration Law Pocket Field Guide 2015 Edition
by The Editors at the LexisNexisThis latest edition of the Immigration Law Pocket Field Guide from LexisNexis is an essential item in the pocket of any law enforcement professional who deals with immigration law on a regular basis.
Immigration Law Stories (Law Stories Ser.)
by David Martin Peter SchuckThis publication includes cases that depict the Supreme Court’s broad deference to the political branches in the immigration realm, the so-called “plenary power doctrine.” Selected cases are presented in chronological order, beginning with the Supreme Court’s consideration of the Chinese Exclusion Acts of the 1880s and 1890s. The book then examines how the Cold War tested the constitutional limits of the government’s plenary power over immigration, and how “phantom constitutional norms” were later used to defeat the government’s broadest claims. Other cases explore the immigration enforcement system and the difficulty of balancing the demands of enforcement against other societal goals.
Immigration Law and Procedure in a Nutshell (6th Edition)
by David Weissbrodt Laura DanielsonThis compact, comprehensive title offers an expert overview of the history, constitutional authority, statutory provisions, regulations, structure, procedure, administrative process, and ethical principles of immigration law and practice.
Immigration Law for Paralegals
by Gloria Roa Bodin Maria Isabel CasablancaImmigration Law for Paralegals is an indispensable and practical guide on U. S. immigration, citizenship and visa procedures for instructing and training students or anyone interested in a career as an immigration paralegal or legal assistant. This fourth edition updates and expands the third, including coverage of Provisional Unlawful Presence Waiver and DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals). Contents of Immigration Law for Paralegals include: interviewing, gathering information, case management and document preparation techniques; analysis of temporary and permanent employment visas; analysis of family-based petitions, political asylum and naturalization; as well as samples of completed applications, a glossary of terms and useful appendices. Each visa category is set forth in a clear and concise manner, with real-life and hypothetical situations at the end of each chapter, allowing students to visualize actual problems and issues that arise when processing a case. Further, in responding to the hypothetical situations, students will look to the United States immigration statutes, rules and regulations and precedent and administrative policies to resolve issues. Additionally, each section contains a completed sample application, definition of legal terms, and exercises modeled after tasks paralegals may encounter on the job, including the preparation of relative petitions (Form I-130) and the adjustment of a status package (Forms I-485, G-325A, I-131, I-765, I-864A, and G-28). In keeping with the concise format of each chapter, excerpts from Federal, AAO, and BIA decisions will be cited or footnoted where relevant. The Glossary and Appendices include Immigration Law resources; USCIS Local, Regional and Service Center addresses; questions and answers for the naturalization exam; blank USCIS forms; Credential Evaluation sample request forms and a list of agencies; sample USCIS color photograph specifications, sample medical form (I-688); and IRS Individual Tax ID Number Request (SS-4). The fourth edition includes a CD with fillable PDF forms.
Immigration Law for Paralegals (3rd Edition)
by Gloria Roa Bodin Maria Isabel CasablancaImmigration Law for Paralegals is an indispensable and practical guide on U.S. immigration, citizenship and visa procedures for instructing and training students or anyone interested in a career as an immigration paralegal or legal assistant. The new edition has a new chapter on court litigation which also includes writs of mandamus and habeas corpus with federal courts.
Immigration Outside the Law
by Hiroshi MotomuraThe main aim of the book is to offer a way to think about why immigration law is an area of ambivalence and disagreement and to assess and suggest responses to unauthorized migration.
Immigration Questions & Answers
by Carl R. Baldwin Humberto S. DominguezA Comprehensive, User-Friendly Guide for Anyone Planning to Live Temporarily or Permanently in the United States The process of acquiring and retaining the right to visit or live in the United States is an interesting and complex subject. US immigration laws have not changed very much during the Trump administration, and yet the experience of immigrating to the United States has definitely been affected by it. In this concise primer, first conceived and designed as a how-to resource for would-be &“green card&” holders in the 1990s, the process of getting and keeping a visa is explained and updated in this new edition. In simple terms, the authors provide a breakdown of the most important topics in this area with useful examples. With over thirty years of experience practicing law, co-author Humberto S. Dominguez adds valuable insights and observations to this increasingly important topic. The road to legal residence in the United States can be a tricky and elusive endeavor. Immigration Questions & Answers, Fourth Edition, will guide you every step of the way, with a down-to-earth approach and invaluable advice. Chapters cover topics such as:Obtaining a short-term visaPolitical asylumTemporary Protected StatusDACA for DreamersThe visa lotteryHelping your spouse get a green cardRemoving conditions on residenceVisa processingWays to become a US citizen Persons who hope to visit or live in the United States and even lawyers unfamiliar with immigration law and practice will benefit from this basic guide. People facing particular difficulties in this area, who may ultimately need the assistance of an immigration lawyer, will also benefit from learning the bare essentials.
Immigration Regulation in Federal States
by Sasha Baglay Delphine NakacheThe book examines the phenomenon of immigration federalism: its main characteristics, why and how it has developed, its implications for immigration systems (in general) and non-citizens' rights (in particular). The book introduces the reader to theoretical perspectives on immigration federalism through three sets of literature - federalism, governance and non-citizens' rights - that provide a necessary framework for understanding immigration federalism's multiple facets and impacts. It also offers an analysis of immigration federalism through case studies of six jurisdictions: Australia, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, the EU and the US. Despite increased sub-national activity in immigration regulation in several federal states, very little research has been dedicated so far to comparing how federal states deal with immigration federalism. Comparative studies on the human rights implications of immigration federalism have received even less attention. This book seeks to fill the gap in this area and is an important contribution to the field, providing the reader with a better understanding of the complex issues surrounding immigration federalism and its impact on non-citizens.