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Guide to 3D Vision Computation
by Kenichi Kanatani Yasuyuki Sugaya Yasushi KanazawaThis classroom-tested and easy-to-understand textbook/reference describes the state of the art in 3D reconstruction from multiple images, taking into consideration all aspects of programming and implementation. Unlike other computer vision textbooks, this guide takes a unique approach in which the initial focus is on practical application and the procedures necessary to actually build a computer vision system. The theoretical background is then briefly explained afterwards, highlighting how one can quickly and simply obtain the desired result without knowing the derivation of the mathematical detail. Features: reviews the fundamental algorithms underlying computer vision; describes the latest techniques for 3D reconstruction from multiple images; summarizes the mathematical theory behind statistical error analysis for general geometric estimation problems; presents derivations at the end of each chapter, with solutions supplied at the end of the book; provides additional material at an associated website.
Guide to Classical Physics: Using Mathematica for Calculations and Visualizations
by James W. RohlfThis is a “how to guide” for making introductory calculations in classical physics for undergraduates studying the subject.The calculations are performed in Mathematica, and stress graphical visualization, units, and numerical answers. The techniques show the student how to learn the physics without being hung up on the math. There is a continuing movement to introduce more advanced computational methods into lower-level physics courses. Mathematica is a unique tool in that code is written as "human readable" much like one writes a traditional equation on the board.The companion code for this book can be found here: https://physics.bu.edu/~rohlf/code.htmlKey Features:• Concise summary of the physics concepts• Over 300 worked examples in Mathematica• Tutorial to allow a beginner to produce fast resultsThe companion code for this book can be found here: https://physics.bu.edu/~rohlf/code.html
Guide to Cloud Computing for Business and Technology Managers: From Distributed Computing to Cloudware Applications
by Vivek KaleGuide to Cloud Computing for Business and Technology Managers: From Distributed Computing to Cloudware Applications unravels the mystery of cloud computing and explains how it can transform the operating contexts of business enterprises. It provides a clear understanding of what cloud computing really means, what it can do, and when it is practical
Guide to Discrete Mathematics
by Gerard O'ReganThis stimulating textbook presents a broad and accessible guide to the fundamentals of discrete mathematics, highlighting how the techniques may be applied to various exciting areas in computing. The text is designed to motivate and inspire the reader, encouraging further study in this important skill. Features: provides an introduction to the building blocks of discrete mathematics, including sets, relations and functions; describes the basics of number theory, the techniques of induction and recursion, and the applications of mathematical sequences, series, permutations, and combinations; presents the essentials of algebra; explains the fundamentals of automata theory, matrices, graph theory, cryptography, coding theory, language theory, and the concepts of computability and decidability; reviews the history of logic, discussing propositional and predicate logic, as well as advanced topics; examines the field of software engineering, describing formal methods; investigates probability and statistics.
Guide to Discrete Mathematics: An Accessible Introduction to the History, Theory, Logic and Applications (Texts in Computer Science)
by Gerard O'ReganThis stimulating textbook presents a broad and accessible guide to the fundamentals of discrete mathematics, highlighting how the techniques may be applied to various exciting areas in computing. The text is designed to motivate and inspire the reader, encouraging further study in this important skill. Features: This book provides an introduction to the building blocks of discrete mathematics, including sets, relations and functions; describes the basics of number theory, the techniques of induction and recursion, and the applications of mathematical sequences, series, permutations, and combinations; presents the essentials of algebra; explains the fundamentals of automata theory, matrices, graph theory, cryptography, coding theory, language theory, and the concepts of computability and decidability; reviews the history of logic, discussing propositional and predicate logic, as well as advanced topics such as the nature of theorem proving; examines the field of software engineering, including software reliability and dependability and describes formal methods; investigates probability and statistics and presents an overview of operations research and financial mathematics.
Guide to Modern Physics: Using Mathematica for Calculations and Visualizations
by James W. RohlfThis is a "how to guide" for making beginning calculations in modern physics. The academic level is second year college physical science and engineering students. The calculations are performed in Mathematica, and stress graphical visualization, units, and numerical answers. The techniques show the student how to learn the physics without being hung up on the math. There is a continuing movement to introduce more advanced computational methods into lower-level physics courses. Mathematica is a unique tool in that code is written as "human readable" much like one writes a traditional equation on the board. Key Features: Concise summary of the physics concepts. Over 300 worked examples in Mathematica. Tutorial to allow a beginner to produce fast results. The companion code for this book can be found here: https://physics.bu.edu/~rohlf/code.html James Rohlf is a Professor at Boston University. As a graduate student he worked on the first experiment to trigger on hadron jets with a calorimeter, Fermilab E260. His thesis (G. C. Fox, advisor, C. Barnes, R. P. Feynman, R. Gomez) used the model of Field and Feynman to compare observed jets from hadron collisions to that from electron-positron collisions and made detailed acceptance corrections to arrive at first the measurement of quark-quark scattering cross sections. His thesis is published in Nuclear Physics B171 (1980) 1. At the Cornell Electron Storage Rings, he worked on the discovery of the Upsilon (4S) resonance and using novel event shape variables developed by Stephen Wolfram and his thesis advisor, Geoffrey Fox. He performed particle identification of kaons and charmed mesons to establish the quark decay sequence, b –> c. At CERN, he worked on the discovery of the W and Z bosons and measurement of their properties. Presently, he is working on the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) which discovered the Higgs boson and is searching for new phenomena beyond the standard model.
Guide to Pairing-Based Cryptography (Chapman & Hall/CRC Cryptography and Network Security Series)
by Nadia El Mrabet; Marc JoyeThis book is devoted to efficient pairing computations and implementations, useful tools for cryptographers working on topics like identity-based cryptography and the simplification of existing protocols like signature schemes. As well as exploring the basic mathematical background of finite fields and elliptic curves, Guide to Pairing-Based Cryptography offers an overview of the most recent developments in optimizations for pairing implementation. Each chapter includes a presentation of the problem it discusses, the mathematical formulation, a discussion of implementation issues, solutions accompanied by code or pseudocode, several numerical results, and references to further reading and notes. Intended as a self-contained handbook, this book is an invaluable resource for computer scientists, applied mathematicians and security professionals interested in cryptography.
Guide to Programming for the Digital Humanities: Lessons For Introductory Python (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Brian KokenspargerAs an introduction to programming for the Digital Humanities (DH), this book presents six key assignments oriented on DH topics. The topics include Computing Change Over Time (calculating burials at a historic cemetery), Visualizing Change Over Time (visualizing the burials at the historic cemetery), Textual Analysis (finding word frequencies and “stop words” in public domain texts), XML Transformation (transforming a simplified version of XML into HTML styled with CSS), Stylometry (comparing the measured features of graphic images), and Social Network Analysis (analyzing extended relationships in historic circles). The book focuses on the practical application of these assignments in the classroom, providing a range of variations for each assignment, which can be selected on the basis of students’ specific programming background and skills; “atomic” assignments, which can be used to give students the experience they need to successfully complete the main assignments; and some common pitfalls and gotchas to manage in the classroom. The book’s chief goals are to introduce novice computer science (CS) students to programming for DH, and to offer them valuable hands-on experience with core programming concepts.
Guide to Software Verification with Frama-C: Core Components, Usages, and Applications (Computer Science Foundations and Applied Logic)
by Nikolai Kosmatov Virgile Prevosto Julien SignolesFrama-C is a popular open-source toolset for analysis and verification of C programs, largely used for teaching, experimental research, and industrial applications.With the growing complexity and ubiquity of modern software, there is increasing interest in code analysis tools at various levels of formalization to ensure safety and security of software products. Acknowledging the fact that no single technique will ever be able to fit all software verification needs, the Frama-C platform features a wide set of plug-ins that can be used or combined for solving specific verification tasks. This guidebook presents a large panorama of basic usages, research results, and concrete applications of Frama-C since the very first open-source release of the platform in 2008. It covers the ACSL specification language, core verification plug-ins, advanced analyses and their combinations, key ingredients for developing new plug-ins, as well as successful industrial case studies in which Frama-C has helped engineers verify crucial safety or security properties. Topics and features:* Gentle, example-based introduction to software specification and verification * Wide panorama of state-of-the-art specification and analysis techniques * Step-by-step guide to develop your own, tailor-made analysis on top of the platform* Inspiring success stories of Frama-C deployment on industrial code* More than 15 years of R&D on analysis and verification of C codeThis book is firmly rooted on the practice of software analysis, with numerous examples, exercises and application guidelines. As such, it is particularly well suited for software verification practitioners wishing to deploy verification on their code, as well as for undergraduate students with little or no experience in code analysis techniques. More advanced sections on the theoretical underpinnings of the analyzers will be of interest for graduate students and researchers.Nikolai Kosmatov is a Senior Researcher at Thales Research & Technology, France. Virgile Prevosto is a Senior Researcher and Julien Signoles is a Research Director, both at Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, France.
Guide to Teaching Data Science: An Interdisciplinary Approach
by Orit Hazzan Koby MikeData science is a new field that touches on almost every domain of our lives, and thus it is taught in a variety of environments. Accordingly, the book is suitable for teachers and lecturers in all educational frameworks: K-12, academia and industry.This book aims at closing a significant gap in the literature on the pedagogy of data science. While there are many articles and white papers dealing with the curriculum of data science (i.e., what to teach?), the pedagogical aspect of the field (i.e., how to teach?) is almost neglected. At the same time, the importance of the pedagogical aspects of data science increases as more and more programs are currently open to a variety of people.This book provides a variety of pedagogical discussions and specific teaching methods and frameworks, as well as includes exercises, and guidelines related to many data science concepts (e.g., data thinking and the data science workflow), main machine learning algorithms and concepts (e.g., KNN, SVM, Neural Networks, performance metrics, confusion matrix, and biases) and data science professional topics (e.g., ethics, skills and research approach).Professor Orit Hazzan is a faculty member at the Technion’s Department of Education in Science and Technology since October 2000. Her research focuses on computer science, software engineering and data science education. Within this framework, she studies the cognitive and social processes on the individual, the team and the organization levels, in all kinds of organizations.Dr. Koby Mike is a Ph.D. graduate from the Technion's Department of Education in Science and Technology under the supervision of Professor Orit Hazzan. He continued his post-doc research on data science education at the Bar-Ilan University, and obtained a B.Sc. and an M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Tel Aviv University.
Guidebook to R Graphics Using Microsoft® Windows
by Kunio TakezawaIntroduces the graphical capabilities of R to readers new to the software Due to its flexibility and availability, R has become the computing software of choice for statistical computing and generating graphics across various fields of research. Guidebook to R Graphics Using Microsoft® Windows offers a unique presentation of R, guiding new users through its many benefits, including the creation of high-quality graphics. Beginning with getting the program up and running, this book takes readers step by step through the process of creating histograms, boxplots, strip charts, time series graphs, steam-and-leaf displays, scatterplot matrices, and map graphs. In addition, the book presents: Tips for establishing, saving, and printing graphs along with essential base-package plotting functions Interactive R programs for carrying out common tasks such as inputting values, moving data on a natural spline, adjusting three-dimensional graphs, and understanding simple and local linear regression Various external packages for R that help to create more complex graphics like rimage, gplots, ggplot2, tripack, rworldmap, and plotrix packages Throughout the book, concise explanations of key concepts of R graphics assist readers in carrying out the presented procedures, and any coverage of functions is clearly written out and displayed in the text as demos. The discussed techniques are accompanied by a wealth of screenshots and graphics with related R code available on the book's FTP site, and numerous exercises allow readers to test their understanding of the presented material. Guidebook to R Graphics Using Microsoft® Windows is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of statistics, public health, business, and the life and social sciences who use or would like to learn how to use R to create visual representations of data. The book can also be used as a supplement for courses on statistical analysis at the upper-undergraduate level.
Guided Math Lessons in Fifth Grade: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in Fifth Grade provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of 3—concrete, pictorial and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, fractions, and decimals. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content, as well as the practices and processes, that should be worked on in the lessons so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can work more effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way! Remember that guided math groups are about doing the math. So throughout these lessons, you will see students working with manipulatives to make meaning, doing mathematical sketches to show what they understand and can make sense of the abstract numbers. When students are given the opportunities to make sense of the math in hands-on and visual ways, then the math begins to make sense to them!
Guided Math Lessons in First Grade: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in First Grade provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of 3—concrete, pictorial, and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, operations and algebraic thinking, and place value. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content as well as the practices and processes that should be worked on in the lessons, so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language, and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates, and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can work more effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way!
Guided Math Lessons in Fourth Grade: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in Fourth Grade provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of three–concrete, pictorial and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, fractions and place value. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content as well as the practices and processes that should be worked on in the lessons, so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language, and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can more work effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way! Remember that guided math groups are about doing the math. So doing mathematical sketches to show what they understand and can make sense of the abstract numbers. When students are given the opportunities to make sense of the math in hands-on and visual ways, then the math begins to make sense!
Guided Math Lessons in Kindergarten: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in Kindergarten provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of three—concrete, pictorial and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, counting and cardinality, and place value. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content as well as the practices and processes that should be worked on in the lessons, so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language, and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can more work effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way! Remember that guided math groups are about doing the math. So throughout these lessons you will see students working with manipulatives to make meaning, doing mathematical sketches to show what they understand and can make sense of the abstract numbers. When students are given the opportunities to make sense of the math in hands-on and visual ways, then the math begins to make sense to them!
Guided Math Lessons in Second Grade: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in Second Grade provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of 3—concrete, pictorial, and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, operations and algebraic thinking, and place value. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content as well as the practices and processes that should be worked on in the lessons, so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language, and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates, and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can work more effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way!
Guided Math Lessons in Third Grade: Getting Started
by Nicki NewtonGuided Math Lessons in Third Grade provides detailed lessons to help you bring guided math groups to life. Based on the bestselling Guided Math in Action, this practical book offers 16 lessons, taught in a round of 3—concrete, pictorial and abstract. The lessons are based on the priority standards and cover fluency, word problems, fractions and place value. Author Dr. Nicki Newton shows you the content as well as the practices and processes that should be worked on in the lessons, so that students not only learn the content but also how to solve problems, reason, communicate their thinking, model, use tools, use precise language, and see structure and patterns. Throughout the book, you’ll find tools, templates and blackline masters so that you can instantly adapt the lesson to your specific needs and use it right away. With the easy-to-follow plans in this book, students can work more effectively in small guided math groups—and have loads of fun along the way! Remember that guided math groups are about doing the math. So throughout these lessons you will see students working with manipulatives to make meaning, doing mathematical sketches to show what they understand and can make sense of the abstract numbers. When students are given the opportunities to make sense of the math in hands-on and visual ways, then the math begins to make sense to them!
Guided Math in Action: Building Each Student's Mathematical Proficiency with Small-Group Instruction
by Nicki NewtonLearn how to help elementary students build mathematical proficiency with purposeful, standards-based, differentiated, engaging small-group instruction. This best-selling book from Dr. Nicki Newton provides a repertoire of in-depth strategies for conducting effective guided math lessons, scaffolding and managing learning in small groups, and assessing learning. Dr. Newton shows you the framework for guided math lessons and then helps you develop an action plan to get started. This fully updated second edition features helpful new sections on beliefs, teacher moves, planning, talking and questioning, and kidwatching. It also contains a brand new study guide to help you get the most out of the book and use it with your colleagues. Perfect for teachers, coaches, and supervisors, this popular resource is filled with tools you can use immediately, including anchor charts, schedules, templates, and graphic organizers. With the practical help throughout, you’ll be able to implement Tier 1 and 2 lessons easily. This book will help you guide all your students to becoming more competent, flexible, and confident mathematicians!
Guidelines for Applying Cohesive Models to the Damage Behaviour of Engineering Materials and Structures
by Karl-Heinz Schwalbe Ingo Scheider Alfred CornecThis brief provides guidance for the application of cohesive models to determine damage and fracture in materials and structural components. This can be done for configurations with or without a pre-existing crack. Although the brief addresses structural behaviour, the methods described herein may also be applied to any deformation induced material damage and failure, e.g. those occurring during manufacturing processes. The methods described are applicable to the behaviour of ductile metallic materials and structural components made thereof. Hints are also given for applying the cohesive model to other materials.
Gut gepackt – Kein Bit zu viel: Kompression digitaler Daten verständlich erklärt (essentials)
by Olaf ManzBei der heutigen Datenflut, die auf Speichermedien und im Internet kursiert, ist die Kompression digitaler Daten nach wie vor ein immens wichtiger Aspekt bei Datenübertragung und -speicherung. Dieses essential erläutert ohne theoretischen Überbau und mit elementaren mathematischen und informatischen Methoden die wichtigsten Kompressionsverfahren, so unter anderem die Entropiecodierungen von Shannon-Fano und von Huffman, sowie die Wörterbuchcodierungen der Lempel-Ziv-Familie. Ausführlich eingegangen wird auch auf Irrelevanzreduktion und die Quantisierung bei optischen und akustischen Signalen, die die Unzulänglichkeiten des menschlichen Auges und Ohres zur Datenkompression ausnutzen. Illustriert wird das Ganze anhand gängiger Praxisanwendungen aus dem alltäglichen Umfeld. Die Aufbereitung erlaubt den Einsatz beispielsweise in Arbeitsgruppen an MINT-Schulen, bei Einführungskursen an Hochschulen und ist auch für interessierte Laien geeignet.
Guts of Surfaces and the Colored Jones Polynomial
by David Futer Efstratia Kalfagianni Jessica PurcellThis monograph derives direct and concrete relations between colored Jones polynomials and the topology of incompressible spanning surfaces in knot and link complements. Under mild diagrammatic hypotheses, we prove that the growth of the degree of the colored Jones polynomials is a boundary slope of an essential surface in the knot complement. We show that certain coefficients of the polynomial measure how far this surface is from being a fiber for the knot; in particular, the surface is a fiber if and only if a particular coefficient vanishes. We also relate hyperbolic volume to colored Jones polynomials. Our method is to generalize the checkerboard decompositions of alternating knots. Under mild diagrammatic hypotheses, we show that these surfaces are essential, and obtain an ideal polyhedral decomposition of their complement. We use normal surface theory to relate the pieces of the JSJ decomposition of the complement to the combinatorics of certain surface spines (state graphs). Since state graphs have previously appeared in the study of Jones polynomials, our method bridges the gap between quantum and geometric knot invariants.
Gödel's Proof
by Douglas R. Hofstadter Ernest Nagel James R NewmanAn accessible explanation of Kurt Gödel&’s groundbreaking work in mathematical logic: &“An excellent nontechnical account.&” —Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society In 1931 Kurt Gödel published his fundamental paper, &“On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems.&” This revolutionary paper challenged certain basic assumptions underlying much research in mathematics and logic. Gödel received public recognition of his work in 1951 when he received the first Albert Einstein Award for achievement in the natural sciences—perhaps the highest award of its kind in the United States. The award committee described his work in mathematical logic as &“one of the greatest contributions to the sciences in recent times.&” However, few mathematicians of the time were equipped to understand the young scholar&’s complex proof. Ernest Nagel and James Newman provide a readable and accessible explanation to both scholars and non-specialists of the main ideas and broad implications of Gödel's discovery. It offers every educated person with a taste for logic and philosophy the chance to understand a previously difficult and inaccessible subject. New York University Press is proud to publish this special edition of one of its bestselling books. With a new foreword by Douglas R. Hofstadter, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Gödel, Escher, Bach, who also updated the text, this book will be of interest to students, scholars, and professionals in the fields of mathematics, computer science, logic and philosophy, and science.
Gödel's Theorem: An Incomplete Guide to Its Use and Abuse
by Torkel Franzén"Among the many expositions of Gödel's incompleteness theorems written for non-specialists, this book stands apart. With exceptional clarity, Franzén gives careful, non-technical explanations both of what those theorems say and, more importantly, what they do not. No other book aims, as his does, to address in detail the misunderstandings and abuses of the incompleteness theorems that are so rife in popular discussions of their significance. As an antidote to the many spurious appeals to incompleteness in theological, anti-mechanist and post-modernist debates, it is a valuable addition to the literature." --- John W. Dawson, author of Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Gödel
H-Transforms: Theory and Applications
by Anatoly A. KilbasAlong with more than 2100 integral equations and their solutions, this handbook outlines exact analytical methods for solving linear and nonlinear integral equations and provides an evaluation of approximate methods. Each section provides examples that show how methods can be applied to specific equations.
