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Internet of Things, Smart Spaces, and Next Generation Networks and Systems: 19th International Conference, NEW2AN 2019, and 12th Conference, ruSMART 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia, August 26–28, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11660)
by Yevgeni Koucheryavy Olga Galinina Sergey Balandin Sergey AndreevThis book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Next Generation Teletraffic and Wired/Wireless Advanced Networks and Systems, NEW2AN 2019, and the 12th Conference on Internet of Things and Smart Spaces, ruSMART 2019.The 66 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The papers of NEW2AN address various aspects of next-generation data networks, with special attention to advanced wireless networking and applications. In particular, they deal with novel and innovative approaches to performance and efficiency analysis of 5G and beyond systems, employed game-theoretical formulations, advanced queuing theory, and stochastic geometry, while also covering the Internet of Things, cyber security, optics, signal processing, as well as business aspects.ruSMART 2019, provides a forum for academic and industrial researchers to discuss new ideas and trends in the emerging areas. The 12th conference on the Internet of Things and Smart Spaces, ruSMART 2019, provides a forum for academic and industrial researchers to discuss new ideas and trends in the emerging areas.
Internet of Things: Approach and Applicability in Manufacturing
by Ravi Ramakrishnan Loveleen GaurThe concept of Internet of Things has silently existed since the late nineteenth century but in the current decade expectations and excitement has peaked. However not many have understood the profound change that it can usher in. How big this change can be and how it can transform our working!! This book aims to bring in this realization with illustrative and practical case studies with comprehensive concepts. From beginners to practitioners in the field of academics or industry, it serves as a comprehensive yet easy to comprehend source of information on the multiple facets of IoT. Simplistic but comprehensive introduction of the facets of primarily the industrial IoT Practical adoption cases explaining the Core technology stack and business applications Comprehensive view of current technologies which complete the IoT delivery ecosystem, followed by overview of IoT enabled new business models. Realistic view of how industrial firms can evolve into the next stage of maturity along with determinants influencing this transformation since manufacturing is envisioned to be a key segment to adopt and benefit from IoT. Detailed analysis of IoT benefits for the universal triad- energy management, logistics optimization and distribution channel management. A full-fledged case study on Adoption of Green manufacturing using IoT. Real world example of gauging End User perception using different models which is important for a successful adoption of IoT. A futuristic visionary view of IoT as comprehended based on evolution of technology and platforms, and finally analysis of the extremely crucial concepts of security, privacy and governance.
Internet of Things: Frameworks for Enabling and Emerging Technologies (Edge AI in Future Computing)
by Bharat BhushanToday, Internet of Things (IoT) is ubiquitous as it is applied in practice in everything from Industrial Control Systems (ICS) to e-Health, e-commerce, Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), smart cities, smart parking, healthcare, supply chain management and many more. Numerous industries, academics, alliances and standardization organizations make an effort on IoT standardization, innovation and development. But there is still a need for a comprehensive framework with integrated standards under one IoT vision. Furthermore, the existing IoT systems are vulnerable to huge range of malicious attacks owing to the massive numbers of deployed IoT systems, inadequate data security standards and the resource-constrained nature. Existing security solutions are insufficient and therefore it is necessary to enable the IoT devices to dynamically counter the threats and save the system. Apart from illustrating the diversified IoT applications, this book also addresses the issue of data safekeeping along with the development of new security-enhancing schemes such as blockchain, as well as a range of other advances in IoT. The reader will discover that the IoT facilitates a multidisciplinary approach dedicated to create novel applications and develop integrated solutions to build a sustainable society. The innovative and fresh advances that demonstrate IoT and computational intelligence in practice are discussed in this book, which will be helpful and informative for scientists, research scholars, academicians, policymakers, industry professionals, government organizations and others. This book is intended for a broad target audience, including scholars of various generations and disciplines, recognized scholars (lecturers and professors) and young researchers (postgraduate and undergraduates) who study the legal and socio-economic consequences of the emergence and dissemination of digital technologies such as IoT. Furthermore, the book is intended for researchers, developers and operators working in the field of IoT and eager to comprehend the vulnerability of the IoT paradigm. The book will serve as a comprehensive guide for the advanced-level students in computer science who are interested in understanding the severity and implications of the accompanied security issues in IoT. Dr. Bharat Bhushan is an Assistant Professor of Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) at School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India. Prof. (Dr.) Sudhir Kumar Sharma is currently a Professor and Head of the Department of Computer Science, Institute of Information Technology & Management affiliated to GGSIPU, New Delhi, India. Prof. (Dr.) Bhuvan Unhelkar (BE, MDBA, MSc, PhD; FACS; PSM-I, CBAP®) is an accomplished IT professional and Professor of IT at the University of South Florida, Sarasota-Manatee (Lead Faculty). Dr. Muhammad Fazal Ijaz is working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea. Prof. (Dr.) Lamia Karim is a professor of computer science at the National School of Applied Sciences Berrechid (ENSAB), Hassan 1st University.
Interoperability Principles and Standards: Applications to Collaborative and Automated Systems (Automation, Collaboration, & E-Services #16)
by Arturo Molina Hervé Panetto Georg Weichhart François VernadatInteroperability is the ability for two or more systems to interoperate, i.e., to share and use common information and/or to use functionality of one another. The purpose of the book is to explain what one should know to be able to understand or implement systems interoperability at the technical, semantic and organization levels of an enterprise system or of a collaborative automated system. In particular, it presents the rationale, the basics, the common methods and the essential standards for the engineering of interoperable systems. The book is intended to serve as a textbook for those who need (1) to study basic principles, concepts and techniques along with applications of systems interoperability and (2) need to know applicable standards for planning, engineering or implementing interoperability solutions. Applications will concern, but are not limited to, automated (collaborative) environments. The book should also serve as a reference document for students and academia at under-graduate and graduate levels or in engineering schools as well as for researchers, practitioners, consultants and engineers faced with interoperability problems in service, industrial, government or administrative sectors.
Interpersonal Coordination: A Social Neuroscience Approach
by Nobuyuki InuiThis book explores the fascinating area of interpersonal coordination in force production tasks, outlining the author’s extensive research to date and presenting stimulating new perspectives. The purpose is to provide a detailed exposition of current understanding of the science behind interpersonal joint action. Readers will find clear explanation of concepts from social cognition and neuroscience that are key to an understanding of the field, including the social brain hypothesis, the mirror neuron system, and joint action, as well as other relevant background information. The author then proceeds to present an overview of recent original studies on interpersonal movement coordination performed at his laboratory in Japan. These studies provide insights into such issues as complementary and synchronous force production in joint action, bidirectional transfer between joint and solo actions, and motor control hierarchy in joint action involving bimanual force. They also set the direction for integration of knowledge of physical properties and social cognition. The book will be of interest for researchers and graduate students in all areas of the biomedical sciences.
Interplay of Fractals and Complexity in Mathematical Modelling and Physical Patterns: Selected Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mathematical Analysis of Fractals and Dynamical Systems—2023 (ISMAFDS-2023)
by Santo Banerjee A. Manimaran D. Easwaramoorthy A. Gowrisankar S. NandhiniThis book presents selected, peer-reviewed contributions from the International Symposium on Mathematical Analysis of Fractals and Dynamical Systems—2023 (ISMAFDS - 2023), held at the Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu in India during August 24-25, 2023. It offers readers an array of captivating connections between fractal theory and nonlinear dynamics across various physics sub-domains and mathematical modeling. Fractal geometry has been developed to describe irregular natural objects that defy characterization using Euclidean geometry. Fractal techniques, such as fractal dimension and fractal functions, prove effective in mathematically modeling real-world phenomena and forecasting future consequences. The impact of fractal theory on physical sciences is widely recognized, as natural phenomena frequently exhibit fractal structures. These new concepts revolutionize our understanding of the large-scale properties of matter distribution in the universe. The book aims to familiarize readers with recent developments in common fractal patterns found in statistical physics, quantum physics, and plasma physics. Furthermore, it highlights the relationship between fractals and nonlinear dynamics through innovative approaches in mathematical modeling. This publication caters to professionals in mathematics, physics, and computer science, and also serves as a helpful resource for non-specialists seeking to comprehend fractal and nonlinear dynamics concepts. It offers valuable applications for researchers in both pure and applied backgrounds of physics and engineering.
Interplay of Quantum Mechanics and Nonlinearity: Understanding Small-System Dynamics of the Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (Lecture Notes in Physics #997)
by V. M. KenkreThis book presents an in-depth study of the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLSE), with particular emphasis on spatially small systems that permit analytic solutions. In many quantum systems of contemporary interest, the DNLSE arises as a result of approximate descriptions despite the fundamental linearity of quantum mechanics. Such scenarios, exemplified by polaron physics and Bose-Einstein condensation, provide application areas for the theoretical tools developed in this text. The book begins with an introduction of the DNLSE illustrated with the dimer, development of fundamental analytic tools such as elliptic functions, and the resulting insights into experiment that they allow. Subsequently, the interplay of the initial quantum phase with nonlinearity is studied, leading to novel phenomena with observable implications in fields such as fluorescence depolarization of stick dimers, followed by analysis of more complex and/or larger systems. Specific examples analyzed in the book include the nondegenerate nonlinear dimer, nonlinear trapping, rotational polarons, and the nonadiabatic nonlinear dimer. Phenomena treated include strong carrier-phonon interactions and Bose-Einstein condensation. This book is aimed at researchers and advanced graduate students, with chapter summaries and problems to test the reader’s understanding, along with an extensive bibliography. The book will be essential reading for researchers in condensed matter and low-temperature atomic physics, as well as any scientist who wants fascinating insights into the role of nonlinearity in quantum physics.
Interpolation (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by J. F. SteffensenIn the mathematical subfield of numerical analysis, interpolation is a procedure that assists in "reading between the lines" in a set of tables by constructing new data points from existing points. This rigorous presentation employs only formulas for which it is possible to calculate error limits. Subjects include displacement symbols and differences, divided differences, formulas of interpolation, factorial coefficients, numerical differentiation, and construction of tables. Additional topics include inverse interpolation, elementary methods of summation, repeated summation, mechanical quadrature, numerical integration of differential equations, the calculus of symbols, interpolation with several variables, and mechanical cubature. 1950 edition.
Interpolation and Extrapolation Optimal Designs 2: Finite Dimensional General Models
by Giorgio Celant Michel BroniatowskiThis book considers various extensions of the topics treated in the first volume of this series, in relation to the class of models and the type of criterion for optimality. The regressors are supposed to belong to a generic finite dimensional Haar linear space, which substitutes for the classical polynomial case. The estimation pertains to a general linear form of the coefficients of the model, extending the interpolation and extrapolation framework; the errors in the model may be correlated, and the model may be heteroscedastic. Non-linear models, as well as multivariate ones, are briefly discussed. The book focuses to a large extent on criteria for optimality, and an entire chapter presents algorithms leading to optimal designs in multivariate models. Elfving’s theory and the theorem of equivalence are presented extensively. The volume presents an account of the theory of the approximation of real valued functions, which makes it self-consistent.
Interpolation and Extrapolation Optimal Designs V1: Polynomial Regression and Approximation Theory
by Giorgio Celant Michel BroniatowskiThis book is the first of a series which focuses on the interpolation and extrapolation of optimal designs, an area with significant applications in engineering, physics, chemistry and most experimental fields. In this volume, the authors emphasize the importance of problems associated with the construction of design. After a brief introduction on how the theory of optimal designs meets the theory of the uniform approximation of functions, the authors introduce the basic elements to design planning and link the statistical theory of optimal design and the theory of the uniform approximation of functions. The appendices provide the reader with material to accompany the proofs discussed throughout the book.
Interpolation and Sidon Sets for Compact Groups
by Kathryn E. Hare Colin GrahamUnderstanding special sets of integers was classically of interest to Hadamard, Zygmund and others, and continues to be of interest today. This book is a modern treatment of the subject of interpolation and Sidon sets. It is a unique book, aimed at both new and experienced researchers. In particular, this is the only book in English which features a complete treatment of the Pisier-Bourgain results on Sidon sets, many of which were originally in French, in hard to access publications. Applications of the P-B results, due to Pisier, Bourgain, Ramsey, and the authors are included. The book introduces the reader to a wealth of methods important in mathematics today: topological, probabilistic, algebraic, combinatoric and analytic. It prepares students to perform research in the area and provides both exercises and open problems. The book also provides direction to the literature for topics it does not fully cover. The book is self-contained, with appendices covering results that are required, but not necessarily in the pre-requisite background of a student ready to choose an area for research in harmonic analysis.
Interpolation von Daten und Funktionen: Klartext für Nichtmathematiker (essentials)
by Guido WalzDieses essential vermittelt in leicht zugänglicher Sprache verschiedene Techniken zur Interpolation von Daten und Funktionen. Der Fokus liegt dabei zunächst auf der Interpolation mit Polynomen, also ganzrationalen Funktionen, da diese in der Lage sind, jede beliebige Konstellation von Daten eindeutig zu interpolieren. Des Weiteren soll die Möglichkeit aufgezeigt werden, nicht nur die Werte einer Funktion, sondern auch die ihrer Ableitung – also die Steigungen in den einzelnen Punkten – durch Interpolation mit Polynomen darzustellen. Weisen die vorgelegten Daten ein periodisches oder exponentielles Verhalten auf, ist die Verwendung von Polynomen weniger geeignet. In diesen Fällen sollte man besser trigonometrische Summen oder Exponentialsummen verwenden. Zahlreiche Beispiele machen das essential leicht verständlich.
Interpretability for Industry 4.0 : Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches
by Jean-Michel Poggi Antonio Lepore Biagio PalumboThis volume provides readers with a compact, stimulating and multifaceted introduction to interpretability, a key issue for developing insightful statistical and machine learning approaches as well as for communicating modelling results in business and industry.Different views in the context of Industry 4.0 are offered in connection with the concepts of explainability of machine learning tools, generalizability of model outputs and sensitivity analysis. Moreover, the book explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence and robust analysis of variance for big data mining and monitoring in Additive Manufacturing, and sheds new light on interpretability via random forests and flexible generalized additive models together with related software resources and real-world examples.
Interpretability of Computational Intelligence-Based Regression Models
by Tamás Kenesei János AbonyiThe key idea of this book is that hinging hyperplanes, neural networks and support vector machines can be transformed into fuzzy models, and interpretability of the resulting rule-based systems can be ensured by special model reduction and visualization techniques. The first part of the book deals with the identification of hinging hyperplane-based regression trees. The next part deals with the validation, visualization and structural reduction of neural networks based on the transformation of the hidden layer of the network into an additive fuzzy rule base system. Finally, based on the analogy of support vector regression and fuzzy models, a three-step model reduction algorithm is proposed to get interpretable fuzzy regression models on the basis of support vector regression. The authors demonstrate real-world use of the algorithms with examples taken from process engineering, and they support the text with downloadable Matlab code. The book is suitable for researchers, graduate students and practitioners in the areas of computational intelligence and machine learning.
Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing and Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support: Second International Workshop, iMIMIC 2019, and 9th International Workshop, ML-CDS 2019, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2019, Shenzhen, China, October 17, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11797)
by Ben Glocker Kenji Suzuki Mauricio Reyes Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood Hayit Greenspan Anant Madabhushi Roland Wiest Eth Zurich Yaniv GurThis book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing, iMIMIC 2019, and the 9th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, ML-CDS 2019, held in conjunction with the 22nd International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2019, in Shenzhen, China, in October 2019. The 7 full papers presented at iMIMIC 2019 and the 3 full papers presented at ML-CDS 2019 were carefully reviewed and selected from 10 submissions to iMIMIC and numerous submissions to ML-CDS. The iMIMIC papers focus on introducing the challenges and opportunities related to the topic of interpretability of machine learning systems in the context of medical imaging and computer assisted intervention. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning.
Interpretation in Social Life, Social Science, and Marketing (Routledge Interpretive Marketing Research)
by John O'Shaughnessy'Interpretation' is used as an umbrella for bringing together a wide range of concepts and developments in the philosophy of social science that provide the foundation for clear thinking about social phenomena. In his new book, John O’Shaughnessy familiarises the reader with the nature of interpretation and its importance in social life, decision making in social science enquiries and consumer marketing, thus offering a multidisciplinary approach to problems of bias and uncertainty. Thus, this book is novel in its outlook and comprehensive in its approach. Whereas past studies in interpretation have focused on hermeneutical methods, O’Shaughnessy goes further considering the role of interpretation in social interactions, in undertaking scientific work, in the use of statistics, in causal analysis, in consumer evaluations of products and artifacts and in interpreting problematic situations together with the corresponding biases arising from emotional happiness and the concepts employed.
Interpretative Aspects of Quantum Mechanics: Matteo Campanella's Mathematical Studies (UNIPA Springer Series)
by David Jou Matteo Campanella Maria Stella MongiovìThis book presents a selection of Prof. Matteo Campanella’s writings on the interpretative aspects of quantum mechanics and on a possible derivation of Born's rule – one of the key principles of the probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics – that is independent of any priori probabilistic interpretation. This topic is of fundamental interest, and as such is currently an active area of research. Starting from a natural method of defining such a state, Campanella found that it can be characterized through a partial density operator, which occurs as a consequence of the formalism and of a number of reasonable assumptions connected with the notion of a state. The book demonstrates that the density operator arises as an orbit invariant that has to be interpreted as probabilistic, and that its quantitative implementation is equivalent to Born's rule. The appendices present various mathematical details, which would have interrupted the continuity of the discussion if they had been included in the main text. For instance, they discuss baricentric coordinates, mapping between Hilbert spaces, tensor products between linear spaces, orbits of vectors of a linear space under the action of its structure group, and the class of Hilbert space as a category.
Interpreted Languages and Compositionality
by Marcus KrachtThis book argues that languages are composed of sets of 'signs', rather than 'strings'. This notion, first posited by de Saussure in the early 20th century, has for decades been neglected by linguists, particularly following Chomsky's heavy critiques of the 1950s. Yet since the emergence of formal semantics in the 1970s, the issue of compositionality has gained traction in the theoretical debate, becoming a selling point for linguistic theories. Yet the concept of 'compositionality' itself remains ill-defined, an issue this book addresses. Positioning compositionality as a cornerstone in linguistic theory, it argues that, contrary to widely held beliefs, there exist non-compositional languages, which shows that the concept of compositionality has empirical content. The author asserts that the existence of syntactic structure can flow from the fact that a compositional grammar cannot be delivered without prior agreement on the syntactic structure of the constituents.
Interpreting Basic Statistics: A Guide and Workbook Based on Excerpts from Journal Articles
by Zealure C. HolcombThis book presents brief excerpts from research journals representing a variety of fields, with an emphasis on the social and behavioral sciences. The questions that follow each excerpt allow students to practice interpreting published research results.
Interpreting Data: A First Course in Statistics
by Alan J. AndersonA grasp of the ways in which data can be collected, summarised and critically appraised is fundamental to application of the commonly used inferential techniques of statistics. By reviewing the criteria for the design of questionnaires, planned experiments and surveys so as to minimise bias and by considering research methodology in general, this book clarifies the basic requirements of data collection. This introduction to statistics emphasizes the importance of data - its collection, summary and appraisal - in the application of statistical techniques. This book will be invaluable to first- year students in statistics as well as to students from other disciplines on courses with a 'statistics module'. Non-numerated postgradates embarking on research will also find much of the content useful.
Interpreting Quantitative Data
by David ByrneHow do quantitative methods help us to acquire knowledge of the real world? What are the `do's' and `don'ts' of effective quantitative research? This refreshing and accessible book provides students with a novel and useful resource for doing quantitative research. It offers students a guide on how to: interpret the complex reality of the social world; achieve effective measurement; understand the use of official statistics; use social surveys; understand probability and quantitative reasoning; interpret measurements; apply linear modelling; understand simulation and neural nets; and integrate quantitative and qualitative modelling in the research process. Jargon-free and written with the needs of students in mind, the book will be required reading for students interested in using quantitative research methods.
Interpreting and Comparing Effects in Logistic, Probit, and Logit Regression (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences)
by Jacques A. Hagenaars Steffen Kuhnel Hans-Jurgen AndressLog-linear, logit and logistic regression models are the most common ways of analyzing data when (at least) the dependent variable is categorical. This volume shows how to compare coefficient estimates from regression models for categorical dependent variables in three typical research situations: (i) within one equation, (ii) between identical equations estimated in different subgroups, and (iii) between nested equations. Each of these three kinds of comparisons brings along its own particular form of comparison problems. Further, in all three areas, the precise nature of comparison problems in logistic regression depends on how the logistic regression model is looked at and how the effects of the independent variables are computed. This volume presents a practical, unified treatment of these problems, and considers the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and when to use them, so that applied researchers can make the best choice related to their research problem. The techniques are illustrated with data from simulation experiments and from publicly available surveys. The datasets, along with Stata syntax, are available on a companion website.
Interpreting and Comparing Effects in Logistic, Probit, and Logit Regression (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences)
by Jacques A. Hagenaars Steffen Kuhnel Hans-Jurgen AndressLog-linear, logit and logistic regression models are the most common ways of analyzing data when (at least) the dependent variable is categorical. This volume shows how to compare coefficient estimates from regression models for categorical dependent variables in three typical research situations: (i) within one equation, (ii) between identical equations estimated in different subgroups, and (iii) between nested equations. Each of these three kinds of comparisons brings along its own particular form of comparison problems. Further, in all three areas, the precise nature of comparison problems in logistic regression depends on how the logistic regression model is looked at and how the effects of the independent variables are computed. This volume presents a practical, unified treatment of these problems, and considers the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and when to use them, so that applied researchers can make the best choice related to their research problem. The techniques are illustrated with data from simulation experiments and from publicly available surveys. The datasets, along with Stata syntax, are available on a companion website.
Interpreting and Using Regression
by Christopher H. AchenInterpreting and Using Regression sets out the actual procedures researchers employ, places them in the framework of statistical theory, and shows how good research takes account both of statistical theory and real world demands. Achen builds a working philosophy of regression that goes well beyond the abstract, unrealistic treatment given in previous texts.
Interpreting and Using Statistics in Psychological Research
by Andrew N. ChristopherThis practical, conceptual introduction to statistical analysis by award-winning teacher Andrew N. Christopher uses published research with inherently interesting social sciences content to help students make clear connections between statistics and real life. Using a friendly, easy-to-understand presentation, Christopher walks students through the hand calculations of key statistical tools and provides step-by-step instructions on how to run the appropriate analyses for each type of statistic in SPSS and how to interpret the output. With the premise that a conceptual grasp of statistical techniques is critical for students to truly understand why they are doing what they are doing, the author avoids overly formulaic jargon and instead focuses on when and how to use statistical techniques appropriately.