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Mathematical and Statistical Approaches for Anaerobic Digestion Feedstock Optimization (SpringerBriefs in Energy)
by Federico Moretta Giulia BozzanoThis book examines biomass mixture modeling and optimization. The book discusses anaerobic digestion and related fermentative processes and explains their compositional dynamics. Early chapter examine macromolecules, elemental fractions, and their direct influence on methane production. Supported by an extensive data bank of substrates obtained from research, the book points out correlations that enable the estimation of global methane production for diverse biomass mixtures. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into discerning the optimal composition capable of yielding the utmost methane output.The book integrates cutting-edge machine learning techniques and shows how the programming language Python and Julia can be used for analysis and to optimize processes. It has many graphs, figures, and visuals.
Mathematical and Statistical Methods for Actuarial Sciences and Finance: MAF 2018
by Marco Corazza María Durbán Aurea Grané Cira Perna Marilena SibilloThe interaction between mathematicians, statisticians and econometricians working in actuarial sciences and finance is producing numerous meaningful scientific results. This volume introduces new ideas, in the form of four-page papers, presented at the international conference Mathematical and Statistical Methods for Actuarial Sciences and Finance (MAF), held at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Spain), 4th-6th April 2018. The book covers a wide variety of subjects in actuarial science and financial fields, all discussed in the context of the cooperation between the three quantitative approaches. The topics include: actuarial models; analysis of high frequency financial data; behavioural finance; carbon and green finance; credit risk methods and models; dynamic optimization in finance; financial econometrics; forecasting of dynamical actuarial and financial phenomena; fund performance evaluation; insurance portfolio risk analysis; interest rate models; longevity risk; machine learning and soft-computing in finance; management in insurance business; models and methods for financial time series analysis, models for financial derivatives; multivariate techniques for financial markets analysis; optimization in insurance; pricing; probability in actuarial sciences, insurance and finance; real world finance; risk management; solvency analysis; sovereign risk; static and dynamic portfolio selection and management; trading systems. This book is a valuable resource for academics, PhD students, practitioners, professionals and researchers, and is also of interest to other readers with quantitative background knowledge.
Mathematical and Statistical Models and Methods in Reliability
by N. Balakrishnan V. V. Rykov M. S. NikulinThe book is a selection of invited chapters, all of which deal with various aspects of mathematical and statistical models and methods in reliability. Written by renowned experts in the field of reliability, the contributions cover a wide range of applications, reflecting recent developments in areas such as survival analysis, aging, lifetime data analysis, artificial intelligence, medicine, carcinogenesis studies, nuclear power, financial modeling, aircraft engineering, quality control, and transportation. Mathematical and Statistical Models and Methods in Reliability is an excellent reference text for researchers and practitioners in applied probability and statistics, industrial statistics, engineering, medicine, finance, transportation, the oil and gas industry, and artificial intelligence.
Mathematical and Statistical Skills in the Biopharmaceutical Industry: A Pragmatic Approach (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Arkadiy PitmanMathematical and Statistical Skills in the Biopharmaceutical Industry: A Pragmatic Approach describes a philosophy of efficient problem solving showcased using examples pertinent to the biostatistics function in clinical drug development. It was written to share a quintessence of the authors’ experiences acquired during many years of relevant work in the biopharmaceutical industry. The book will be useful will be useful for biopharmaceutical industry statisticians at different seniority levels and for graduate students who consider a biostatistics-related career in this industry. Features: Describes a system of principles for pragmatic problem solving in clinical drug development. Discusses differences in the work of a biostatistician in small pharma and big pharma. Explains the importance/relevance of statistical programming and data management for biostatistics and necessity for integration on various levels. Describes some useful statistical background that can be capitalized upon in the drug development enterprise. Explains some hot topics and current trends in biostatistics in simple, non-technical terms. Discusses incompleteness of any system of standard operating procedures, rules and regulations. Provides a classification of scoring systems and proposes a novel approach for evaluation of the safety outcome for a completed randomized clinical trial. Presents applications of the problem solving philosophy in a highly problematic transfusion field where many investigational compounds have failed. Discusses realistic planning of open-ended projects.
Mathematical and Theoretical Neuroscience: Cell, Network And Data Analysis (Springer INdAM #24)
by Giovanni Naldi Thierry NieusThis volume gathers contributions from theoretical, experimental and computational researchers who are working on various topics in theoretical/computational/mathematical neuroscience. The focus is on mathematical modeling, analytical and numerical topics, and statistical analysis in neuroscience with applications. The following subjects are considered: mathematical modelling in Neuroscience, analytical and numerical topics; statistical analysis in Neuroscience; Neural Networks; Theoretical Neuroscience. The book is addressed to researchers involved in mathematical models applied to neuroscience.
Mathematical Approach to Climate Change and its Impacts: MAC2I (Springer INdAM Series #38)
by Piermarco Cannarsa Antonello Provenzale Daniela MansuttiThis book presents important recent applied mathematics research on environmental problems and impacts due to climate change. Although there are inherent difficulties in addressing phenomena that are part of such a complex system, exploration of the subject using mathematical modelling is especially suited to tackling poorly understood issues in the field. It is in this spirit that the book was conceived. It is an outcome of the International INDAM Workshop “Mathematical Approach to Climate Change Impacts – MAC2I”, held in Rome in March 2017. The workshop comprised four sessions, on Ecosystems, Hydrology, Glaciology, and Monitoring. The book includes peer-reviewed contributions on research issues discussed during each of these sessions or generated by collaborations among the specialists involved. Accurate parameter determination techniques are explained and innovative mathematical modelling approaches, presented. The book also provides useful material and mathematical problem-solving tools for doctoral programs dealing with the complexities of climate change.
A Mathematical Approach to Protein Biophysics (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
by L. Ridgway Scott Ariel FernándezThis book explores quantitative aspects of protein biophysics and attempts to delineate certain rules of molecular behavior that make atomic scale objects behave in a digital way. This book will help readers to understand how certain biological systems involving proteins function as digital information systems despite the fact that underlying processes are analog in nature. The in-depth explanation of proteins from a quantitative point of view and the variety of level of exercises (including physical experiments) at the end of each chapter will appeal to graduate and senior undergraduate students in mathematics, computer science, mechanical engineering, and physics, wanting to learn about the biophysics of proteins. L. Ridgway Scott has been Professor of Computer Science and of Mathematics at the University of Chicago since 1998, and the Louis Block Professor since 2001. He obtained a B. S. degree (Magna Cum Laude) from Tulane University in 1969 and a PhD degree in Mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1973. Professor Scott has published over 130 papers and three books, extending over biophysics, parallel computing and fundamental computing aspects of structural mechanics, fluid dynamics, nuclear engineering, and computational chemistry. Ariel Fern#65533;ndez (born Ariel Fern#65533;ndez Stigliano) is an Argentinian-American physical chemist and mathematician. He obtained his Ph. D. degree in Chemical Physics from Yale University and held the Karl F. Hasselmann Endowed Chair Professorship in Bioengineering at Rice University. He is currently involved in research and entrepreneurial activities at various consultancy firms. Ariel Fern#65533;ndez authored three books on translational medicine and biophysics, and published 360 papers in professional journals. He holds two patents in the field of biotechnology.
Mathematical Argumentation in Middle School-The What, Why, and How: A Step-by-Step Guide With Activities, Games, and Lesson Planning Tools (Corwin Mathematics Series)
by Jennifer Knudsen Harriette Stevens Teresa Lara-Meloy Hee-Joon Kim Nikki ShechtmanGet them talking: Your formula for bringing math concepts to life! Want your middle schoolers to intelligently engage with mathematical ideas? Look no further. This research-based gem brings tough Standards for Mathematical Practice 3 standards for mathematical argumentation and critical reasoning alive—all within a thoroughly explained four-part model that covers generating cases, conjecturing, justifying, and concluding. Immediately engage students in fun, classroom-ready argumentation activities Help students explore—and take ownership of—mathematical ideas and concepts Promote precise use of mathematical language Includes games, vignettes, a rich companion website, sample tasks, and links to online tools. Bring well-planned, well-constructed mathematical discourse to life in your classroom today!
Mathematical Argumentation in Middle School-The What, Why, and How: A Step-by-Step Guide With Activities, Games, and Lesson Planning Tools (Corwin Mathematics Series)
by Jennifer Knudsen Harriette Stevens Teresa Lara-Meloy Hee-Joon Kim Nikki ShechtmanGet them talking: Your formula for bringing math concepts to life! Want your middle schoolers to intelligently engage with mathematical ideas? Look no further. This research-based gem brings tough Standards for Mathematical Practice 3 standards for mathematical argumentation and critical reasoning alive—all within a thoroughly explained four-part model that covers generating cases, conjecturing, justifying, and concluding. Immediately engage students in fun, classroom-ready argumentation activities Help students explore—and take ownership of—mathematical ideas and concepts Promote precise use of mathematical language Includes games, vignettes, a rich companion website, sample tasks, and links to online tools. Bring well-planned, well-constructed mathematical discourse to life in your classroom today!
The Mathematical Artist: A Tribute To John Horton Conway (Emergence, Complexity and Computation #45)
by Sukanta Das Souvik Roy Kamalika BhattacharjeeThis book brings together the impact of Prof. John Horton Conway, the playful and legendary mathematician's wide range of contributions in science which includes research areas—Game of Life in cellular automata, theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory, and coding theory. It contains transcripts where some eminent scientists have shared their first-hand experience of interacting with Conway, as well as some invited research articles from the experts focusing on Game of Life, cellular automata, and the diverse research directions that started with Conway's Game of Life. The book paints a portrait of Conway's research life and philosophical direction in mathematics and is of interest to whoever wants to explore his contribution to the history and philosophy of mathematics and computer science. It is designed as a small tribute to Prof. Conway whom we lost on April 11, 2020.
Mathematical Aspects of Computer and Information Sciences
by Johannes Blömer Ilias S. Kotsireas Temur Kutsia Dimitris E. SimosThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mathematical Aspects of Computer and Information Sciences, MACIS 2017, held in Vienna, Austria, in November 2017. The 28 revised papers and 8 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: foundation of algorithms in mathematics, engineering and scientific computation; combinatorics and codes in computer science; data modeling and analysis; and mathematical aspects of information security and cryptography.
Mathematical Aspects of Computer and Information Sciences
by Ilias S. Kotsireas Siegfried M. Rump Chee K. YapThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereedpost-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on MathematicalAspects of Computer and Information Sciences, MACIS 2015, held in Berlin,Germany, in November 2015. The 48 revised papers presented together with 7 invitedpapers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. Thepapers are grouped in topical sections on curves and surfaces, appliedalgebraic geometry, cryptography, verified numerical computation, polynomialsystem solving, managing massive data, computational theory of differential anddifference equations, data and knowledge exploration, algorithm engineering ingeometric computing, real complexity: theory and practice, global optimization,and general session.
Mathematical Aspects of Fluid Mechanics
by James C. Robinson José L. Rodrigo Witold SadowskiThe rigorous mathematical theory of the equations of fluid dynamics has been a focus of intense activity in recent years. This volume is the product of a workshop held at the University of Warwick to consolidate, survey and further advance the subject. The Navier–Stokes equations feature prominently: the reader will find new results concerning feedback stabilisation, stretching and folding, and decay in norm of solutions to these fundamental equations of fluid motion. Other topics covered include new models for turbulent energy cascade, existence and uniqueness results for complex fluids and certain interesting solutions of the SQG equation. The result is an accessible collection of survey articles and more traditional research papers that will serve both as a helpful overview for graduate students new to the area and as a useful resource for more established researchers.
Mathematical Aspects of Modelling Oscillations and Wake Waves in Plasma
by E. V. ChizhonkovThis book is devoted to research in the actual field of mathematical modeling in modern problems of plasma physics associated with vibrations and wake waves excited by a short high-power laser pulse. The author explores the hydrodynamic model of the wake wave in detail and from different points of view, within the framework of its regular propagation, a development suitable for accelerating electrons, and the final tipping effect resulting in unregulated energy transfer to plasma particles. Key selling features: Presents research directly related to the propagation of super-power short laser pulses (subject of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics). Presents mathematical modeling of plasma physics associated with vibrations and wake waves excited by a short high-power laser pulse. Includes studies of large-amplitude plasma oscillations. Most of the presented results are of original nature and have not appeared in the domestic and foreign scientific literature Written at a level accessible for researchers, academia, and engineers.
Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization
by Carlos A.S. Oliveira Panos M. PardalosBefore the appearance of broadband links and wireless systems, networks have been used to connect people in new ways. Now, the modern world is connected through large-scale, computational networked systems such as the Internet. Because of the ever-advancing technology of networking, efficient algorithms have become increasingly necessary to solve some of the problems developing in this area. "Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization" focuses on computational issues arising from the process of optimizing network routes, such as quality of the resulting links and their reliability. Algorithms are a cornerstone for the understanding of the protocols underlying multicast routing. The main objective in the text is to derive efficient algorithms, with or without guarantee of approximation. Notes have been provided for basic topics such as graph theory and linear programming to assist those who are not fully acquainted with the mathematical topics presented throughout the book. "Mathematical Aspects of Network Routing Optimization" provides a thorough introduction to the subject of algorithms for network routing, and focuses especially on multicast and wireless ad hoc systems. This book is designed for graduate students, researchers, and professionals interested in understanding the algorithmic and mathematical ideas behind routing in computer networks. It is suitable for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers in the area of network algorithms.
Mathematical Aspects of Nonlinear Dispersive Equations (Annals of Mathematics Studies #163)
by Jean Bourgain; Carlos E. Kenig & S. KlainermanThis collection of new and original papers on mathematical aspects of nonlinear dispersive equations includes both expository and technical papers that reflect a number of recent advances in the field. The expository papers describe the state of the art and research directions. The technical papers concentrate on a specific problem and the related analysis and are addressed to active researchers. The book deals with many topics that have been the focus of intensive research and, in several cases, significant progress in recent years, including hyperbolic conservation laws, Schrödinger operators, nonlinear Schrödinger and wave equations, and the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations.
Mathematical Aspects of Nonlinear Dispersive Equations
by S. Klainerman Jean Bourgain Carlos E. KenigThis collection of new and original papers on mathematical aspects of nonlinear dispersive equations includes both expository and technical papers that reflect a number of recent advances in the field. The expository papers describe the state of the art and research directions. The technical papers concentrate on a specific problem and the related analysis and are addressed to active researchers. The book deals with many topics that have been the focus of intensive research and, in several cases, significant progress in recent years, including hyperbolic conservation laws, Schrödinger operators, nonlinear Schrödinger and wave equations, and the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations.
Mathematical Aspects of Paradoxes in Cosmology: Can Mathematics Explain the Contemporary Cosmological Crisis?
by Michal Křížek Lawrence SomerThis book provides a mathematical and numerical analysis of many problems which lead to paradoxes in contemporary cosmology, in particular, the existence of dark matter and dark energy. It is shown that these hypothetical quantities arise from excessive extrapolations of simple mathematical models to the whole physical universe. Written in a completely different style to most books on General Relativity and cosmology, the important results take the form of mathematical theorems with precise assumptions and statements. All theorems are followed by a corresponding proof, or an exact reference to the proof.Some nonstandard topics are also covered, including violation of the causality principle in Newtonian mechanics, a critical mathematical and numerical analysis of Mercury's perihelion shift, inapplicability of Einstein's equations to the classical two-body problem due to computational complexity, non-uniqueness of the notion of universe, the topology of the universe, various descriptions of a hypersphere, regular tessellations of hyperbolic spaces, local Hubble expansion of the universe, neglected gravitational redshift in the detection of gravitational waves, and the possible distribution of mass inside a black hole. The book also dispels some myths appearing in the theory of relativity and in contemporary cosmology. For example, although the hidden assumption that Einstein's equations provide a good description of the evolution of the whole universe is considered to be obvious, it is just a null hypothesis which has not been verified by any experiment, and has only been postulated by excessive extrapolations of many orders of magnitude.
Mathematical Aspects of Subsonic and Transonic Gas Dynamics
by Lipman BersThis concise volume by a prominent mathematician offers an important survey of mathematical aspects of the theory of compressible fluids. The treatment is geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students in physics, applied mathematics, and engineering. Focusing on two-dimensional steady potential flows, the text eschews detailed proofs in favor of clear indications of the main ideas and descriptions of new mathematical concepts and methods that arose in connection with these chapters in fluid dynamics.Starting with a general discussion of the differential equations of a compressible gas flow, the book advances to the mathematical background of subsonic flow theory. Subsequent chapters explore the behavior of a flow at infinity and methods for the determination of flows around profiles, flows in channels and with a free boundary, the mathematical background of transonic gas dynamics, and some problems in transonic flow. An extensive bibliography of 400 papers concludes the text.
Mathematical Bridges
by Titu Andreescu Cristinel Mortici Marian TetivaBuilding bridges between classical results and contemporary nonstandard problems, this highly relevant work embraces important topics in analysis and algebra from a problem-solving perspective. The book is structured to assist the reader in formulating and proving conjectures, as well as devising solutions to important mathematical problems by making connections between various concepts and ideas from different areas of mathematics. Instructors and motivated mathematics students from high school juniors to college seniors will find the work a useful resource in calculus, linear and abstract algebra, analysis and differential equations. Students with an interest in mathematics competitions must have this book in their personal libraries.
Mathematical Challenges For All (Research in Mathematics Education)
by Roza LeikinThis book argues that mathematical challenge can be found at any level and at every age and constitutes an essential characteristic of any mathematics classroom aimed at developing the students’ mathematical knowledge and skills. Since each mathematics classroom is heterogeneous with respect to students’ mathematical potential, quality mathematical instruction results from matching the level of mathematical challenge to different students’ potential. Thus, effective integration of mathematical challenge in the instructional process is strongly connected to the equity principle of mathematics education. In the three sections in this volume readers can find diverse views on mathematical challenges in curriculum and instructional design, kinds and variation of mathematically challenging tasks and collections of mathematical problems. Evidence-based analysis is interwoven with theoretical positions expressed by the authors of the chapters. Cognitive, social and affective characteristics of challenging mathematical activities are observed and analyzed. The volume opens new avenues of research in mathematics education, and pose multiple questions about mathematical instruction rich in mathematical challenge for all. The authors invite readers to explore and enjoy mathematical challenges at different levels.
Mathematical Challenges from Theoretical/Computational Chemistry
by Committee on Mathematical Challenges from Computational ChemistryComputational methods are rapidly becoming major tools of theoretical, pharmaceutical, materials, and biological chemists. Accordingly, the mathematical models and numerical analysis that underlie these methods have an increasingly important and direct role to play in the progress of many areas of chemistry. This book explores the research interface between computational chemistry and the mathematical sciences. In language that is aimed at non-specialists, it documents some prominent examples of past successful cross-fertilizations between the fields and explores the mathematical research opportunities in a broad cross-section of chemical research frontiers. It also discusses cultural differences between the two fields and makes recommendations for overcoming those differences and generally promoting this interdisciplinary work.
Mathematical Challenges of Zero-Range Physics: Models, Methods, Rigorous Results, Open Problems (Springer INdAM Series #42)
by Alessandro MichelangeliSince long over the decades there has been a large transversal community of mathematicians grappling with the sophisticated challenges of the rigorous modelling and the spectral and scattering analysis of quantum systems of particles subject to an interaction so much localised to be considered with zero range. Such a community is experiencing fruitful and inspiring exchanges with experimental and theoretical physicists. This volume reflects such spirit, with a diverse range of original contributions by experts, presenting an up-to-date collection of most relevant results and challenging open problems. It has been conceived with the deliberate two-fold purpose of serving as an updated reference for recent results, mathematical tools, and the vast related literature on the one hand, and as a bridge towards several key open problems that will surely form the forthcoming research agenda in this field.
Mathematical Cognition and Understanding: Perspectives on Mathematical Minds in the Elementary and Middle School Years
by Katherine M. Robinson Adam K. Dubé Donna KotsopoulosThis book focuses on elementary and middle school children’s understanding of mathematics as well as the cognitive aspects involved in the development of mathematical knowledge, skills, and understanding. Children’s success in and understanding of mathematics stem from factors beyond the mathematics curriculum. Researchers are increasingly becoming aware of the necessity to consider a complex set of variables when accounting for large individual differences in mathematics achievement. These chapters contribute to how both researchers and educators can consider the multidimensionality of skills involved in developing mathematical knowledge in the middle school years as well as to how this knowledge can be used to enhance practices in the mathematics classroom. Topics include the cognitive and spatial skills involved in mathematics knowledge, the role of motivation in mathematics learning, the neurological processes and development of children’s mathematics skills, the development of understanding of arithmetic and fraction concepts, the factors relating to children’s word problem success, and techniques to promote mathematics understanding. This book and its companion, Mathematical Teaching and Learning, take an interdisciplinary perspective to mathematical learning and development in the elementary and middle school years. The authors and perspectives in this book draw from education, neuroscience, developmental psychology, and cognitive psychology. The book will be relevant to scholars/educators in the field of mathematics education and also those in childhood development and cognition. Each chapter also includes practical tips and implications for parents as well as for educators and researchers.
Mathematical Competencies in the Digital Era (Mathematics Education in the Digital Era #20)
by Uffe Thomas Jankvist Eirini GeraniouThis book focuses on the potential interplay between two distinct, yet related paradigm shifts in mathematics education, drawing on the notion of “networking of theories” through illustrative case studies from the Danish educational system and beyond. The first paradigm shift is the massive introduction of digital technology in the teaching and learning of the subject; the second is a shift from the traditional focusing on mastering of skills and knowledge to being concerned with the possession and development of mathematical competencies. This book builds on the Danish KOM (Competencies and the Learning of Mathematics) project, which sources its description of mathematical mastery primarily on the notion of a “mathematical competency” rather than on lists of topics, concepts, and results. This allows for an overarching framework, which captures the perspectives of mathematics teaching and learning at whichever educational level. While the KOM framework does not in detail address the role of digital technologies in relation to its description of different types of mathematical competencies, etc., the chapters of this book set out to do exactly this, while in the process also drawing on a selection of other theoretical constructs and frameworks from mathematics education research. Starting with introductory chapters by key researchers in the area, the book brings forth chapters for each of the KOM framework’s eight mathematical competencies, authored by Nordic researchers in combination with international scholars. The KOM framework also operates with three types of overview and judgement, which are specifically addressed in relation to the role of digital technologies in the third part of the book. The fourth and final part of the book broadens the scene and provides chapters of a more perspective nature in relation to mathematical competencies in the digital era. The book’s preface is by Susanne Prediger.