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Knots and Primes: An Introduction to Arithmetic Topology (Universitext)
by Masanori MorishitaThis book provides a foundation for arithmetic topology, a new branch of mathematics that investigates the analogies between the topology of knots, 3-manifolds, and the arithmetic of number fields. Arithmetic topology is now becoming a powerful guiding principle and driving force to obtain parallel results and new insights between 3-dimensional geometry and number theory.After an informative introduction to Gauss' work, in which arithmetic topology originated, the text reviews a background from both topology and number theory. The analogy between knots in 3-manifolds and primes in number rings, the founding principle of the subject, is based on the étale topological interpretation of primes and number rings. On the basis of this principle, the text explores systematically intimate analogies and parallel results of various concepts and theories between 3-dimensional topology and number theory. The presentation of these analogies begins at an elementary level, gradually building to advanced theories in later chapters. Many results presented here are new and original.References are clearly provided if necessary, and many examples and illustrations are included. Some useful problems are also given for future research. All these components make the book useful for graduate students and researchers in number theory, low dimensional topology, and geometry.This second edition is a corrected and enlarged version of the original one. Misprints and mistakes in the first edition are corrected, references are updated, and some expositions are improved. Because of the remarkable developments in arithmetic topology after the publication of the first edition, the present edition includes two new chapters. One is concerned with idelic class field theory for 3-manifolds and number fields. The other deals with topological and arithmetic Dijkgraaf–Witten theory, which supports a new bridge between arithmetic topology and mathematical physics.
Knots, Low-Dimensional Topology and Applications: Knots in Hellas, International Olympic Academy, Greece, July 2016 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #284)
by Louis H. Kauffman Sofia Lambropoulou Colin C. Adams Cameron McA. Gordon Vaughan F. R. Jones Kenneth C. Millett Jozef H. Przytycki Renzo Ricca Radmila SazdanovicThis proceedings volume presents a diverse collection of high-quality, state-of-the-art research and survey articles written by top experts in low-dimensional topology and its applications. The focal topics include the wide range of historical and contemporary invariants of knots and links and related topics such as three- and four-dimensional manifolds, braids, virtual knot theory, quantum invariants, braids, skein modules and knot algebras, link homology, quandles and their homology; hyperbolic knots and geometric structures of three-dimensional manifolds; the mechanism of topological surgery in physical processes, knots in Nature in the sense of physical knots with applications to polymers, DNA enzyme mechanisms, and protein structure and function. The contents is based on contributions presented at the International Conference on Knots, Low-Dimensional Topology and Applications – Knots in Hellas 2016, which was held at the International Olympic Academy in Greece in July 2016. The goal of the international conference was to promote the exchange of methods and ideas across disciplines and generations, from graduate students to senior researchers, and to explore fundamental research problems in the broad fields of knot theory and low-dimensional topology. This book will benefit all researchers who wish to take their research in new directions, to learn about new tools and methods, and to discover relevant and recent literature for future study.
Knotted Fields (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2344)
by Xin Liu Renzo L. RiccaThis book provides a remarkable collection of contributions written by some of the most accredited world experts in the modern area of Knotted Fields. Scope of the book is to provide an updated view of some of the key aspects of contemporary research, with the purpose to cover basic concepts and techniques commonly used in the context of Knotted Fields. The material is presented to help the interested reader to become familiar with the fundamentals, from fluid flows to electromagnetism, from knot theory to numerical visualization, while presenting the new ideas and results in an accessible way to beginners and young researchers. No advanced knowledge is required, and at the end of each chapter, key references are provided to offer further information on particular topics of interest. All those keen on modern applications of topological techniques to the study of knotted fields in mathematical physics will find here a valuable and unique source of information. The work will be of interest to many researchers in the field.
Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics: Teachers' Understanding of Fundamental Mathematics in China and the United States (Studies in Mathematical Thinking and Learning Series)
by Liping MaThe 20th anniversary edition of this groundbreaking and bestselling volume offers powerful examples of the mathematics that can develop the thinking of elementary school children. Studies of teachers in the U.S. often document insufficient subject matter knowledge in mathematics. Yet, these studies give few examples of the knowledge teachers need to support teaching, particularly the kind of teaching demanded by reforms in mathematics education. Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics describes the nature and development of the knowledge that elementary teachers need to become accomplished mathematics teachers, and suggests why such knowledge seems more common in China than in the United States, despite the fact that Chinese teachers have less formal education than their U.S. counterparts. Along with the original studies of U.S. and Chinese teachers’ mathematical understanding, this 20th anniversary edition includes a new preface and a 2013 journal article by Ma, "A Critique of the Structure of U.S. Elementary School Mathematics" that describe differences in U.S. and Chinese elementary mathematics. These are augmented by a new series editor’s introduction and two key journal articles that frame and contextualize this seminal work.
Knowledge Discovery from Data Streams (Chapman & Hall/CRC Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Series)
by Joao GamaSince the beginning of the Internet age and the increased use of ubiquitous computing devices, the large volume and continuous flow of distributed data have imposed new constraints on the design of learning algorithms. Exploring how to extract knowledge structures from evolving and time-changing data, Knowledge Discovery from Data Streams presents
Knowledge Discovery from Sensor Data
by Mohamed Medhat Gaber Olufemi A. Omitaomu Ranga Raju Vatsavai Auroop R. Ganguly JoÎo GamaAs sensors become ubiquitous, a set of broad requirements is beginning to emerge across high-priority applications including disaster preparedness and management, adaptability to climate change, national or homeland security, and the management of critical infrastructures. This book presents innovative solutions in offline data mining and real-time
Knowledge Discovery in Proteomics
by Igor Jurisica Dennis WigleMulti-modal representations, the lack of complete and consistent domain theories, rapid evolution of domain knowledge, high dimensionality, and large amounts of missing information - these are challenges inherent in modern proteomics. As our understanding of protein structure and function becomes ever more complicated, we have reached a point where
Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: 9th International Joint Conference, IC3K 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, November 1-3, 2017, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #976)
by David Aveiro Joaquim Filipe Kecheng Liu Ana Fred Jorge Bernardino Jan L. Dietz Ana SalgadoThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, IC3K 2017, held in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, in November 2017.The 19 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 157 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge discovery and information retrieval; knowledge engineering and ontology development; and knowledge management and information sharing.
Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: 23rd International Conference, EKAW 2022, Bolzano, Italy, September 26–29, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13514)
by Oscar Corcho Laura Hollink Oliver Kutz Nicolas Troquard Fajar J. EkaputraThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2022, held in Bolzano, Italy, in September 2022. The 11 full papers presented together with 5 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions The previous event in the series, EKAW 2020, introduced a special theme related to “Ethical and Trustworthy Knowledge Engineering.” This theme is still very relevant in 2022, and thus has remained one of the core topics of the conference.The conference concerned with all aspects about eliciting, acquiring, modeling and managing knowledge, and the construction of knowledge-intensive systems and services for the semantic web, knowledge management, e-business, natural language processing, intelligent information integration, and much more.
Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management: 24th International Conference, EKAW 2024, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, November 26–28, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15370)
by Marieke Van Erp Laura Hollink Mehwish Alam Marco Rospocher Genet Asefa GeseseThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2024, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, during November 26–28, 2024. The 28 full papers presented together were carefully reviewed and selected from 115 submissions. They focus on all aspects of knowledge in constructing systems and services for the semantic web, knowledge management, knowledge discovery, information integration, natural language processing, intelligent systems, e-business, e-health, humanities, cultural heritage, and beyond.
Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web: 8th International Conference, KESW 2017, Szczecin, Poland, November 8-10, 2017, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #786)
by Przemysław Różewski and Christoph LangeThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and the Semantic Web, KESW 2017, held Szczecin, Poland, in November 2017. The 16 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 58 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on natural language processing; knowledge representation and reasoning; ontologies and controlled vocabularies; scalable data access and storage solutions; semantic Web and education; linked data; semantic technologies in manufacturing and business.
Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing. Knowledge Computing and Language Understanding: Third China Conference, CCKS 2018, Tianjin, China, August 14–17, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #957)
by Frank Van Harmelen Quan Wang Jun Zhao Jie Tang Xianpei Han Xianyong LiThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third China Conference on Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing, CCKS 2018, held in Tianjin, China, in August 2018.The 27 revised full papers and 2 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions. The papers cover wide research fields including the knowledge graph, information extraction, knowledge representation and reasoning, linked data.
Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web: 5th Iberoamerican Conference and 4th Indo-American Conference, KGSWC 2023, Zaragoza, Spain, November 13–15, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14382)
by Boris Villazón-Terrazas Sanju Tiwari Fernando Ortiz-Rodriguez Carlos BobedThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Conference and 4th Indo-American Conference on Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web, KGSWC 2023, held jointly in Zaragoza, Spain, during November 13–15, 2023.The 18 full and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. They focus on the following topics: knowledge representation; natural language processing/text mining; and machine/deep learning research.
Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web: 6th International Conference, KGSWC 2024, Paris, France, December 11–13, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15459)
by Boris Villazón-Terrazas Sanju Tiwari Fernando Ortiz-Rodríguez Soror SahriThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Web, KGSWC 2024, held in Paris, France, during December 11–13, 2024. The 22 full papers and 1 short paper presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 58 submissions. They focus on latest scientific results and technology innovations related to the Knowledge Graphs and the Semantic Web.
Knowledge Guided Machine Learning: Accelerating Discovery using Scientific Knowledge and Data (Chapman & Hall/CRC Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Series)
by Vipin Kumar Anuj Karpatne Ramakrishnan KannanGiven their tremendous success in commercial applications, machine learning (ML) models are increasingly being considered as alternatives to science-based models in many disciplines. Yet, these "black-box" ML models have found limited success due to their inability to work well in the presence of limited training data and generalize to unseen scenarios. As a result, there is a growing interest in the scientific community on creating a new generation of methods that integrate scientific knowledge in ML frameworks. This emerging field, called scientific knowledge-guided ML (KGML), seeks a distinct departure from existing "data-only" or "scientific knowledge-only" methods to use knowledge and data at an equal footing. Indeed, KGML involves diverse scientific and ML communities, where researchers and practitioners from various backgrounds and application domains are continually adding richness to the problem formulations and research methods in this emerging field. Knowledge Guided Machine Learning: Accelerating Discovery using Scientific Knowledge and Data provides an introduction to this rapidly growing field by discussing some of the common themes of research in KGML using illustrative examples, case studies, and reviews from diverse application domains and research communities as book chapters by leading researchers. KEY FEATURES First-of-its-kind book in an emerging area of research that is gaining widespread attention in the scientific and data science fields Accessible to a broad audience in data science and scientific and engineering fields Provides a coherent organizational structure to the problem formulations and research methods in the emerging field of KGML using illustrative examples from diverse application domains Contains chapters by leading researchers, which illustrate the cutting-edge research trends, opportunities, and challenges in KGML research from multiple perspectives Enables cross-pollination of KGML problem formulations and research methods across disciplines Highlights critical gaps that require further investigation by the broader community of researchers and practitioners to realize the full potential of KGML
Knowledge Management and Acquisition for Intelligent Systems
by Hayato Ohwada Kenichi YoshidaThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Knowledge Management and Acquisition for Intelligent Systems, PKAW 2016, held in Phuket, Thailand, in August 2016. The 16 full papers and 5 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 initial submissions. They deal with knowledge acquisition and machine learning; knowledge acquisition and natural language processing; knowledge acquisition from network and big data; and knowledge acquisition and applications.
Knowledge Management in Organizations: 14th International Conference, KMO 2019, Zamora, Spain, July 15–18, 2019, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1027)
by Lorna Uden I-Hsien Ting Juan Manuel CorchadoThis book contains the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Knowledge Management in Organizations, KMO 2019, held in Zamora, Spain, in July 2019. The 46 papers accepted for KMO 2018 were selected from 109 submissions and are organized in topical sections on: knowledge management models and analysis; knowledge transfer and learning; knowledge and service innovation; knowledge creation; knowledge and organization; information systems and information science; data mining and intelligent science; social networks and social aspects of KM; big data and IoT; and new trends in IT.
Knowledge Technology and Systems: Toward Establishing Knowledge Systems Science (Translational Systems Sciences #34)
by Yoshiteru NakamoriThis book discusses technology and systems to create valuable ideas from data through the construction of knowledge. The primary concern is to make better decisions about economic and management issues in today’s information-flooded society. Human creative activity is in the realm of soft technology, with no physical entity to operate. Focusing on the ability of knowledge as judgment power, this definition results: “Knowledge technology is soft technology that underpins the human creative activities of converting data and information into knowledge, creating new ideas based on that knowledge and validating those ideas.” That definition includes a wide range of soft technologies developed in informatics, management studies, and systems science. The knowledge system creates ideas from data and knowledge through knowledge technologies. Based on the proposition that knowledge emerges by the interaction between explicit and tacit knowledge, another definition is possible: “The knowledge system is a system that promotes interaction between codified and personalized knowledge and creates ideas for solving a specific problem.” Codified knowledge includes data and information, while personalized knowledge is empirical knowledge or wisdom that is difficult to put into words. Building a knowledge system requires mathematical or intelligent knowledge technology and participatory knowledge technology to create or manage codified knowledge and personalized knowledge. For example, a company builds cross-sectional knowledge systems by gathering human resources from various departments, according to the purpose, as in new product development or sales promotion. Chapter 1 defines knowledge technology and the knowledge system and organizes the challenges in their development, while Chapters 2 through 9 introduce mathematical or intelligent knowledge technologies by researchers at the forefront of knowledge technology development.
Knowledge Transfer in the Sustainable Rehabilitation and Risk Management of the Built Environment: KNOW-RE-BUILT. Proceedings of the Online International Multiplier Event/Conference, December 15-16, 2021 (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)
by Ancuța RotaruThis book showcases the valuable contributions made during the online event entitled The International Conference on Knowledge Transfer in the Sustainable Rehabilitation and Risk Management of the Built Environment. The conference was held on December 15–16, 2021, and was organized as a multiplier event of the European project Rehabilitation of the Built Environment in the Context of Smart City and Sustainable Development Concepts for Knowledge Transfer and Lifelong Learning (RE-BUILT). This book specifically retains the same main themes explored in the book titled Critical Thinking in the Sustainable Rehabilitation and Risk Management of the Built Environment – CRIT-RE-BUILT. The papers included in this book are mostly authored by partners in the project’s consortium and cover various aspects of civil engineering knowledge transfer in crucial areas, to address different perspectives and significant challenges related to the sustainable built environment. The book seeks to provoke ideas and discussions, particularly in the areas where risk management and sustainable rehabilitation of the built environment intersect, ranging from reducing hazard risks to enhancing sustainable rehabilitation efforts in the field
Knowledge Visualization Currents
by Francis T. Marchese Ebad BanissiThis text reviews the evolution of the field of visualization, providing innovative examples from various disciplines, highlighting the important role that visualization plays in extracting and organizing the concepts found in complex data. Features: presents a thorough introduction to the discipline of knowledge visualization, its current state of affairs and possible future developments; examines how tables have been used for information visualization in historical textual documents; discusses the application of visualization techniques for knowledge transfer in business relationships, and for the linguistic exploration and analysis of sensory descriptions; investigates the use of visualization to understand orchestral music scores, the optical theory behind Renaissance art, and to assist in the reconstruction of an historic church; describes immersive 360 degree stereographic visualization, knowledge-embedded embodied interaction, and a novel methodology for the analysis of architectural forms.
Knowledge and Systems Sciences: 23rd International Symposium, KSS 2024, Hobart, TAS, Australia, November 16–17, 2024, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #2269)
by Quan Bai Xijin Tang Van Nam Huynh Haoxiang XiaThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Knowledge and Systems Sciences, KSS 2024, held in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, during November 16–17, 2024. The 23 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: Complex networks and modeling; Opinion dynamics; Knowledge technologies and systems engineering; Knowledge management.
Knowledge and Time
by Harald Atmanspacher Hans PrimasThis is a unique volume by a unique scientist, which combines conceptual, formal, and engineering approaches in a way that is rarely seen. Its core is the relation between ways of learning and knowing on the one hand and different modes of time on the other. Partial Boolean logic and the associated notion of complementarity are used to express this relation, and mathematical tools of fundamental physics are used to formalize it. Along the way many central philosophical problems are touched and addressed, above all the mind-body problem. Completed only shortly before the death of the author, the text has been edited and annotated by the author's close collaborator Harald Atmanspacher.
Knowledge as a Tale: A Discursive Space
by Rafal MaciagThis text describes the process that led to knowledge becoming the most important modern good and a complex phenomenon beginning at the end of the 19th century. It was a change in the way of understanding the world proposed by mathematics and geometry. This volume reveals how the paradigm shift, still in progress, is gradually transforming less obvious fields of science, such as the humanities and social sciences while affecting the phenomenon of knowledge. Firstly, meta-analysis gained importance, and secondly, it became natural to perceive knowledge in a social context, showing its diverse and multi-cause dispersion, leading to the phenomenon of knowledge. Due to the interpretation of knowledge as a complex social phenomenon, the author proposes a new model of knowledge description, called the theory of discursive space, making it possible to describe the role and meaning of knowledge as a component of modern civilization that is all-encompassing. This text appeals to students and researchers working in the philosophy of technology.
Knowledge, Proof and Dynamics: The Fourth Asian Workshop on Philosophical Logic (Logic in Asia: Studia Logica Library)
by Fenrong Liu Hiroakira Ono Junhua YuThis volume gathers selected papers presented at the Fourth Asian Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Beijing in October 2018. The contributions cover a wide variety of topics in modal logic (epistemic logic, temporal logic and dynamic logic), proof theory, algebraic logic, game logics, and philosophical foundations of logic. They also reflect the interdisciplinary nature of logic – a subject that has been studied in fields as diverse as philosophy, linguistics, mathematics, computer science and artificial intelligence. More specifically. The book also presents the latest developments in logic both in Asia and beyond.
Knowledge-Based Bioinformatics
by Gil Alterovitz Marco RamoniThere is an increasing need throughout the biomedical sciences for a greater understanding of knowledge-based systems and their application to genomic and proteomic research. This book discusses knowledge-based and statistical approaches, along with applications in bioinformatics and systems biology. The text emphasizes the integration of different methods for analysing and interpreting biomedical data. This, in turn, can lead to breakthrough biomolecular discoveries, with applications in personalized medicine.Key Features:Explores the fundamentals and applications of knowledge-based and statistical approaches in bioinformatics and systems biology.Helps readers to interpret genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data in understanding complex biological molecules and their interactions.Provides useful guidance on dealing with large datasets in knowledge bases, a common issue in bioinformatics.Written by leading international experts in this field.Students, researchers, and industry professionals with a background in biomedical sciences, mathematics, statistics, or computer science will benefit from this book. It will also be useful for readers worldwide who want to master the application of bioinformatics to real-world situations and understand biological problems that motivate algorithms.