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Medical Risk Prediction Models: With Ties to Machine Learning (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Thomas A. Gerds Michael W. KattanMedical Risk Prediction Models: With Ties to Machine Learning is a hands-on book for clinicians, epidemiologists, and professional statisticians who need to make or evaluate a statistical prediction model based on data. The subject of the book is the patient’s individualized probability of a medical event within a given time horizon. Gerds and Kattan describe the mathematical details of making and evaluating a statistical prediction model in a highly pedagogical manner while avoiding mathematical notation. Read this book when you are in doubt about whether a Cox regression model predicts better than a random survival forest. Features: All you need to know to correctly make an online risk calculator from scratch Discrimination, calibration, and predictive performance with censored data and competing risks R-code and illustrative examples Interpretation of prediction performance via benchmarks Comparison and combination of rival modeling strategies via cross-validation Thomas A. Gerds is a professor at the Biostatistics Unit at the University of Copenhagen and is affiliated with the Danish Heart Foundation. He is the author of several R-packages on CRAN and has taught statistics courses to non-statisticians for many years. Michael W. Kattan is a highly cited author and Chair of the Department of Quantitative Health Sciences at Cleveland Clinic. He is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and has received two awards from the Society for Medical Decision Making: the Eugene L. Saenger Award for Distinguished Service, and the John M. Eisenberg Award for Practical Application of Medical Decision-Making Research.
Medical Statistics
by Belinda Barton Jennifer PeatMedical Statistics provides the necessary statistical tools to enable researchers to undertake and understand evidence-based clinical research. It is a practical guide to conducting statistical research and interpreting statistics in the context of how the participants were recruited, how the study was designed, what types of variables were used, what effect size was found, and what the P values mean. It guides researchers through the process of selecting the correct statistics and show how to best report results for presentation and publication. Clear and concise explanations, combined with plenty of examples and tabulated explanations are based on the authors' popular medical statistics courses. The table of contents is divided into sections according to whether data are continuous or categorical in nature as this distinction is fundamental to selecting the correct statistics. Each chapter provides a clear step-by-step guide to each statistical test with practical instructions on how to generate and interpret the numbers, and present the results as scientific tables or graphs. The chapters conclude with critical appraisal guidelines to help researchers review the reporting of results from each type of statistical test. This new edition includes a new chapter on repeated measures and mixed models and a helpful glossary of terms provides an easy reference that applies to all chapters.
Medical Statistics
by Ramakrishna HkThis book deals with statistics in medicine in a simple way. The text is supported by abundant examples from medical data. This book aims to explain and simplify the process of data presentation. Further aspects addressed include how to design and conduct clinical trials, and how to write journal articles.
Medical Statistics Made Easy
by Michael Harris Gordon TaylorIt is not necessary to know how to do a statistical analysis to critically appraise a paper. However, it is necessary to have a grasp of the basics, of whether the right test has been used and how to interpret the resulting figures. Short, readable, and useful, this book provides the essential, basic information without becoming bogged down in the
Medical Statistics at a Glance (At a Glance)
by Aviva Petrie Caroline SabinMedical Statistics at a Glance is a concise and accessible introduction and revision aid for this complex subject. The self-contained chapters explain the underlying concepts of medical statistics and provide a guide to the most commonly used statistical procedures.This new edition of Medical Statistics at a Glance:Presents key facts accompanied by clear and informative tables and diagramsFocuses on illustrative examples which show statistics in action, with an emphasis on the interpretation of computer data analysis rather than complex hand calculationsIncludes extensive cross-referencing, a comprehensive glossary of terms and flow-charts to make it easier to choose appropriate testsNow provides the learning objectives for each chapterIncludes a new chapter on Developing Prognostic ScoresIncludes new or expanded material on study management, multi-centre studies, sequential trials, bias and different methods to remove confounding in observational studies, multiple comparisons, ROC curves and checking assumptions in a logistic regression analysisThe companion website at www.medstatsaag.com contains supplementary material including an extensive reference list and multiple choice questions (MCQs) with interactive answers for self-assessment.Medical Statistics at a Glance will appeal to all medical students, junior doctors and researchers in biomedical and pharmaceutical disciplines.Reviews of the previous editions"The more familiar I have become with this book, the more I appreciate the clear presentation and unthreatening prose. It is now a valuable companion to my formal statistics course."-International Journal of Epidemiology"I heartily recommend it, especially to first years, but it's equally appropriate for an intercalated BSc or Postgraduate research. If statistics give you headaches - buy it. If statistics are all you think about - buy it."-GKT Gazette"...I unreservedly recommend this book to all medical students, especially those that dislike reading reams of text. This is one book that will not sit on your shelf collecting dust once you have graduated and will also function as a reference book."-4th Year Medical Student, Barts and the London Chronicle, Spring 2003
Medical Statistics at a Glance (At a Glance)
by Aviva Petrie Caroline SabinNow in its fourth edition, Medical Statistics at a Glance is a concise and accessible introduction to this complex subject. Itprovides clear instruction on how to apply commonly used statistical procedures in an easy-to-read, comprehensive and relevant volume. This new edition continues to be the ideal introductory manual and reference guide to medical statistics, an invaluable companion for statistics lectures and a very useful revision aid.This new edition of Medical Statistics at a Glance: Offers guidance on the practical application of statistical methods in conducting research and presenting results Explains the underlying concepts of medical statistics and presents the key facts without being unduly mathematical Contains succinct self-contained chapters, each with one or more examples, many of them new, to illustrate the use of the methodology described in the chapter. Now provides templates for critical appraisal, checklists for the reporting of randomized controlled trials and observational studies and references to the EQUATOR guidelines for the presentation of study results for many other types of study Includes extensive cross-referencing, flowcharts to aid the choice of appropriate tests, learning objectives for each chapter, a glossary of terms and a glossary of annotated full computer output relevant to the examples in the text Provides cross-referencing to the multiple choice and structured questions in the companion Medical Statistics at a Glance Workbook Medical Statistics at a Glance is a must-have text for undergraduate and post-graduate medical students, medical researchers and biomedical and pharmaceutical professionals.
Medical Statistics at a Glance Workbook (At A Glance Ser.)
by Aviva Petrie Caroline SabinThis comprehensive workbook contains a variety of self-assessment methods that allow readers to test their statistical knowledge, put it into practice, and apply it in a medical context, while also providing guidance when critically appraising published literature. It is designed to support the best-selling third edition of Medical Statistics at a Glance, to which it is fully cross-referenced, but may be used independently of it.Ideal for medical students, junior doctors, researchers and anyone working in the biomedical and pharmaceutical disciplines who wants to feel more confident in basic medical statistics, the title includes:* Over 80 MCQs, each testing knowledge of a single statistical concept or aspect of study interpretation* 29 structured questions to explore in greater depth several statistical techniques or principles, including the choice of appropriate statistical analyses and the interpretation of study findings* Templates for the appraisal of clinical trials and observational studies, plus full appraisals of two published papers to demonstrate the use of these templates in practice* Detailed step-by-step analyses of two substantial data sets (also available at www.medstatsaag.com) to demonstrate the application of statistical procedures to real-life researchMedical Statistics at a Glance Workbook is the ideal resource to test statistical knowledge and improve analytical and interpretational skills.Additional resources are available at www.medstatsaag.com, including:* Excel datasets to accompany the data analysis section* Downloadable PDFs of two templates for critical appraisal* Links to online further reading* Supplementary MCQs
Medical Statistics for Cancer Studies (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Trevor F. CoxCancer is a dreaded disease. One in two people will be diagnosed with cancer within their lifetime. Medical Statistics for Cancer Studies shows how cancer data can be analysed in a variety of ways, covering cancer clinical trial data, epidemiological data, biological data, and genetic data. It gives some background in cancer biology and genetics, followed by detailed overviews of survival analysis, clinical trials, regression analysis, epidemiology, meta-analysis, biomarkers, and cancer informatics. It includes lots of examples using real data from the author’s many years of experience working in a cancer clinical trials unit. Features: A broad and accessible overview of statistical methods in cancer research Necessary background in cancer biology and genetics Details of statistical methodology with minimal algebra Many examples using real data from cancer clinical trials Appendix giving statistics revision.
Medical Statistics from Scratch
by David BowersCorrectly understanding and using medical statistics is a key skill for all medical students and health professionals. In an informal and friendly style, Medical Statistics from Scratch provides a practical foundation for everyone whose first interest is probably not medical statistics. Keeping the level of mathematics to a minimum, it clearly illustrates statistical concepts and practice with numerous real world examples and cases drawn from current medical literature. This fully revised and updated third edition includes new material on: missing data, random allocation and concealment of data intra-class correlation coefficient effect modification and interaction diagnostic testing and the ROC curve standardisation Medical Statistics from Scratch is an ideal learning partner for all medical students and health professionals needing an accessible introduction, or a friendly refresher, to the fundamentals of medical statistics.
Medical Statistics from Scratch: An Introduction for Health Professionals
by David BowersCorrectly understanding and using medical statistics is a key skill for all medical students and health professionals.In an informal and friendly style, Medical Statistics from Scratch provides a practical foundation for everyone whose first interest is probably not medical statistics. Keeping the level of mathematics to a minimum, it clearly illustrates statistical concepts and practice with numerous real-world examples and cases drawn from current medical literature. Medical Statistics from Scratch is an ideal learning partner for all medical students and health professionals needing an accessible introduction, or a friendly refresher, to the fundamentals of medical statistics.
Medical Statistics: A Textbook for the Health Sciences
by Michael J. Campbell David Machin Stephen J. WaltersThe 5th edition of this popular introduction to statistics for the medical and health sciences has undergone a significant revision, with several new chapters added and examples refreshed throughout the book. Yet it retains its central philosophy to explain medical statistics with as little technical detail as possible, making it accessible to a wide audience. Helpful multi-choice exercises are included at the end of each chapter, with answers provided at the end of the book. Each analysis technique is carefully explained and the mathematics kept to minimum. Written in a style suitable for statisticians and clinicians alike, this edition features many real and original examples, taken from the authors' combined many years' experience of designing and analysing clinical trials and teaching statistics. Students of the health sciences, such as medicine, nursing, dentistry, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and radiography should find the book useful, with examples relevant to their disciplines. The aim of training courses in medical statistics pertinent to these areas is not to turn the students into medical statisticians but rather to help them interpret the published scientific literature and appreciate how to design studies and analyse data arising from their own projects. However, the reader who is about to design their own study and collect, analyse and report on their own data will benefit from a clearly written book on the subject which provides practical guidance to such issues. The practical guidance provided by this book will be of use to professionals working in and/or managing clinical trials, in academic, public health, government and industry settings, particularly medical statisticians, clinicians, trial co-ordinators. Its practical approach will appeal to applied statisticians and biomedical researchers, in particular those in the biopharmaceutical industry, medical and public health organisations.
Medical Uses of Statistics
by Frederick Mosteller John C. Bailar IiiThis work explains the purpose of statistical methods in medical studies and analyzes the statistical techniques used by clinical investigators, with special emphasis on studies published in "The New England Journal of Medicine". It clarifies fundamental concepts of statistical design and analysis, and facilitates the understanding of research results.
Medical Uses of Statistics, 3rd Edition
by David C. Hoaglin John C. BailarA new edition of the classic guide to the use of statistics in medicine, featuring examples from articles in the New England Journal of Medicine Medical Uses of Statistics has served as one of the most influential works on the subject for physicians, physicians-in-training, and a myriad of healthcare experts who need a clear idea of the proper application of statistical techniques in clinical studies as well as the implications of their interpretation for clinical practice. This Third Edition maintains the focus on the critical ideas, rather than the mechanics, to give practitioners and students the resources they need to understand the statistical methods they encounter in modern medical literature. Bringing together contributions from more than two dozen distinguished statisticians and medical doctors, this volume stresses the underlying concepts in areas such as randomized trials, survival analysis, genetics, linear regression, meta-analysis, and risk analysis. The Third Edition includes: Numerous examples based on studies taken directly from the pages of the New England Journal of Medicine Two added chapters on statistics in genetics Two new chapters on the application of statistical methods to studies in epidemiology New chapters on analyses of randomized trials, linear regression, categorical data analysis, meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, and risk analysis Updated chapters on statistical thinking, crossover designs, p-values, survival analysis, and reporting research results A focus on helping readers to critically interpret published results of clinical research Medical Uses of Statistics, Third Edition is a valuable resource for researchers and physicians working in any health-related field. It is also an excellent supplemental book for courses on medicine, biostatistics, and clinical research at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. You can also visit the New England Journal of Medicine website for related information.
Medienprojekte im Mathematikunterricht: Projektentwicklung und Evaluation affektiv-motivationaler Merkmale und Leistung (Bielefelder Schriften zur Didaktik der Mathematik #13)
by Daniel BartonDaniel Barton entwickelt auf Grundlage theoretischer Rahmenmodelle hinsichtlich emotionaler und motivationaler Faktoren von Lernprozessen ein Unterrichtsprojekt im Rahmen des Mathematikunterrichts der Sekundarstufe I. In dieser Lernumgebung produzieren Schülerinnen und Schüler der neunten Jahrgangsstufe des Gymnasiums Erklärvideos zu geometrischen Körpern. In einer umfassenden Studie untersucht der Autor den Einfluss der Lernumgebung auf emotionale und motivationale Faktoren sowie die Lernentwicklung in diesem mathematischen Themengebiet. Die Befunde weisen auf eine erhöhtes intrinsische Motivation innerhalb dieser Lernumgebung sowie positive Auswirkungen auf das emotionale Erleben im Mathematikunterricht hin.Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.
Medizinische Statistik für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Geraldine Rauch Jochen Kruppa Ulrike Grittner Konrad NeumannWenn auch Sie Ihre kleinen Problemchen mit medizinischer Statistik haben, sind Sie hier genau richtig. Mit viel Witz bringen Ihnen die Autoren Geraldine Rauch, Konrad Neumann, Ulrike Grittner, Carolin Herrmann und Jochen Kruppa die Prinzipien der Biostatistik näher. In diesem Buch lernen Sie alles, was Sie benötigen, um Statistik im medizinischen Bereich erfolgreich einzusetzen. Angefangen bei der Begriffskunde und den Grundlagen, erfahren Sie alles von Studientypen über deskriptive Verfahren, Verteilungen, Schätzungen oder Korrelation und Regression bis hin zur Ereigniszeitanalyse, diagnostischen Tests und multiplem Testen. Die Autoren bringen Ihnen das theoretisch vermittelte Wissen mit vielen anschaulichen Beispielen näher. So schaffen Sie die nächste Klausur mit Links!
Medizinische Statistik mit R und Excel
by Rainer Muche Michael Rau Stefanie LanzingerVielfach genutzt für die Verarbeitung von Daten in Tabellenform, war Excel bisher für statistische Analysen weniger geeignet. Seit 2009 kann mit dem Add-In RExcel die Statistiksoftware R eingebunden werden. Der Band bietet die erste Einführung auf Deutsch zur Benutzung der RExcel-Oberfläche. Anhand eines Beispieldatensatzes aus der Herz-Kreislaufforschung werden Deskriptive Statistik, Korrelation und Regression, statistische Tests, Überlebenszeitanalyse sowie Fallzahlplanung nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Mit Schritt-für Schritt-Anleitungen und Tipps.
Medizinische Statistik mit SAS Studio unter SODA
by Rainer Muche Gisela Büchele Martin RehmStatistische Auswertung - selbst gemacht!Der in dem vorliegenden Buch beschriebene Zugang über SAS® OnDemand for Academics (SODA) erlaubt einen kostenfreien, browser-basierten Zugang zur SAS-Software. Dabei können unter SAS Studio in einer menügesteuerten Oberfläche statistische Auswertungen ausgeführt werden. Die Oberfläche ist auch in einer deutschsprachigen Version verfügbar.Das Buch wurde so konzipiert, dass es sich hervorragend zum Selbststudium eignet. Zu Beginn wird eine Einführung in die Benutzung der SAS Studio Oberfläche gegeben. Anhand eines Beispieldatensatzes werden deskriptive Statistik, Korrelation/Regression, statistische Tests, Überlebenszeitanalyse sowie Fallzahlplanung mit zahlreichen Screen-Shots nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Eine Anleitung zur kostenlosen Registrierung von SAS-SODA ist ebenfalls enthalten. Darüber hinaus werden praktische Tipps zur Nutzung und Datenaufbereitung gegeben.So können Sie Ihre statistische Auswertung sicher und schnell selbst erledigen.Die AutorenDr. Gisela Büchele und Martin Rehm sind wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiter am Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Ulm.Prof. Dr. Rainer Muche ist stellvertretender Institutsdirektor des Instituts für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Ulm.
Meeting the Needs of Your Most Able Pupils: Mathematics (The Gifted and Talented Series)
by Lynne McClure Jennifer PiggottMeeting the Needs of Your Most Able Pupils: Mathematics provides specific guidance on: recognising high ability and potential planning, differentiation, extension and enrichment in Mathematicss teacher questioning skills support for more able pupils with special educational needs (dyslexia, ADHD, sensory impairment) homework recording and assessment beyond the classroom: visits, competitions, summer schools, masterclasses, links with universities, businesses and other organisations. The book includes comprehensive appendices with linked resources available online that feature: lesson plans and examples of activities departmental procedures and action plans identification strategies guidance on auditing provision for more able pupils. This book is an essential resource for secondary teachers, subject heads of departments, leading teachers for G&T Education (gifted and talented co-ordinators), SENCos and LA advisers.
Meeting the Standards in Primary Mathematics: A Guide to the ITT NC
by Tony BrownThis book guides readers through the professional standards and requirements to reach Qualified Teacher Status, explaining what trainees need to know. The author discusses the best ways of developing mathematical knowledge and teaching skills, and how to acquire the professional know-how needed to complete the training successfully.will: help readers to understand the Standards related to mathematics teaching offer detailed guidance on the primary mathematics curriculum help readers prepare for the QTS skills test help readers to develop the pedagogical knowledge that you need for effective teaching of mathematics help readers prepare for school-based training provide ideas, suggestions and further reading to support during their training and their NQT year. This practical guide to meeting the standards is invaluable for students on primary training courses, lecturers and mentors supporting trainees in mathematics education programmes and newly qualified teachers.
Meeting the Standards in Secondary Science: A Guide to the ITT NC
by Lynn D. NewtonThis practical, comprehensive and accessible book will prove invaluable for students on secondary initial teacher training courses, PGCE students, lecturers on science education programmes and newly qualified secondary teachers.It provides: the pedagogical knowledge needed to teach science in secondary schools support activities for work in schools and self-study information on professional development for secondary teachers.
Megadisasters: The Science of Predicting the Next Catastrophe
by Florin DiacuThe history and science behind efforts to predict major disasters, from tsunamis to stock market crashesCan we predict cataclysmic disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or stock market crashes? The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 claimed more than 200,000 lives. Hurricane Katrina killed over 1,800 people and devastated the city of New Orleans. The recent global financial crisis has cost corporations and ordinary people around the world billions of dollars. Megadisasters is a book that asks why catastrophes such as these catch us by surprise, and reveals the history and groundbreaking science behind efforts to forecast major disasters and minimize their destruction.Each chapter of this exciting and eye-opening book explores a particular type of cataclysmic event and the research surrounding it, including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, rapid climate change, collisions with asteroids or comets, pandemics, and financial crashes. Florin Diacu tells the harrowing true stories of people impacted by these terrible events, and of the scientists racing against time to predict when the next big disaster will strike. He describes the mathematical models that are so critical to understanding the laws of nature and foretelling potentially lethal phenomena, the history of modeling and its prospects for success in the future, and the enormous challenges to scientific prediction posed by the chaos phenomenon, which is the high instability that underlies many processes around us.Yielding new insights into the perils that can touch every one of us, Megadisasters shows how the science of predicting disasters holds the promise of a safer and brighter tomorrow.
Mehr Diversity im demografischen Wandel: Impulse für ein innovatives Personalmanagement (essentials)
by Ariane Bentner Sevim DylongIn diesem Essential finden Personalverantwortliche und Führungskräfte ausgewählte Hintergrundinformationen zum Thema demografischer Wandel sowie Impulse für ein innovatives und zukunftsfähiges Personalmanagement, das die damit zusammenhängenden Entwicklungen berücksichtigt. Sie erhalten konkrete Hinweise, wie sie ihr HR-Management optimal aufstellen können, um dem demografischen Wandel gewachsen zu sein. Darüber hinaus vermitteln die Autorinnen leicht umsetzbare Strategien für die HR-Praxis und geben Empfehlungen auf der Basis des aktuellen Wissensstandes.
Mehrgittermethoden
by Norbert KöcklerAuf der Grundlage der iterativen Standard-Verfahren zur Lösung von großen, schwach besetzten linearen Gleichungssystemen werden die Mehrgittermethoden an Hand einfacher Modellprobleme eingeführt. Es werden leicht verständlich und mit vielen Beispielen die wichtigsten mathematischen und algorithmischen Eigenschaften behandelt. Übungen mit Lösungen runden den Text ab, der auch als Einführung für Ingenieure geeignet sein soll.
Mehrsprachige Pflegebedürftige in deutschen Pflegeheimen und das Projekt UnVergessen: Studierende an der Schnittstelle von Forschung und Gesellschaft
by Katrin Bente KarlIn diesem Open-Access-Sammelband geht es um das preisgekrönte Projekt UnVergessen, in dessen Verlauf Studierende sprachliche Unterstützung für pflegebedürftige Immigrant*innen in Form von regelmäßigen Besuchen leisten.Deutschland gilt als Einwanderungsland, durch den demographischen Wandel wächst die Anzahl älterer und damit auch pflegebedürftiger Menschen, deren Erstsprache nicht Deutsch ist. Im Alter kann es bei mehrsprachigen Personen zu sprachlichen Ausdrucksschwierigkeiten, v.a. in der später erworbenen Sprache kommen, denen in Pflegeheimen nicht zwangsläufig begegnet werden kann. Eine Folge dessen ist eine zunehmende sprachliche, kulturelle und soziale Isolierung dieser Pflegebedürftigen. Die Beiträge widmen sich dieser Personengruppe und bieten Einblicke in ein besonderes Studienprojekt, das an der Schnittstelle von Forschung und sozialem Engagement für Sichtbarkeit sorgen soll.
Mehrsprachigkeit im sprachbildenden Mathematikunterricht: Gelingensbedingungen und didaktische Potenziale in sprachlich heterogenen Klassen (Dortmunder Beiträge zur Entwicklung und Erforschung des Mathematikunterrichts #53)
by Ángela UribeIn einem verstehensorientierten sprachbildenden Mathematikunterricht wird Sprache als Denkwerkzeug und somit als Schlüssel zum konzeptuellen Verständnis verstanden. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage nach der Rolle anderer Sprachen neben der Unterrichtssprache im Lehr-Lern-Prozess. Insbesondere in einer mehrsprachigen Gesellschaft – wie Deutschland – treffen im Unterricht diverse Sprachen aufeinander und die Lernenden bringen eine Vielzahl von Ressourcen als Teil ihrer sprachlichen Repertoires mit, die über die Unterrichtssprache hinausgehen. Diese mehrsprachigen Repertoires der Lernenden können gerade für die Bedeutungskonstruktion beim Aufbau von konzeptuellem Verständnis eine wertvolle Ressource darstellen. Das vorliegende Buch trägt dazu bei, den Einbezug dieser vielfältigen Repertoires im Mathematikunterricht in sprachlich heterogenen Regelklassen zu konkretisieren. Es bietet dabei sowohl unmittelbare Ansatzpunkte für die Praxis als auch eine solide Grundlage für zukünftige Untersuchungen, die darauf abzielen, den Mathematikunterricht in einer zunehmend mehrsprachigen Welt weiter zu verstehen und zu verbessern. Das Buch markiert einen bedeutenden Schritt vorwärts im Einbezug von Mehrsprachigkeit als Ressource im Mathematikunterricht und setzt damit ein starkes Signal für eine inklusive und weltoffene Didaktik.