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Medical Statistics for Cancer Studies (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Trevor F. CoxCancer is a dreaded disease. One in two people will be diagnosed with cancer within their lifetime. Medical Statistics for Cancer Studies shows how cancer data can be analysed in a variety of ways, covering cancer clinical trial data, epidemiological data, biological data, and genetic data. It gives some background in cancer biology and genetics, followed by detailed overviews of survival analysis, clinical trials, regression analysis, epidemiology, meta-analysis, biomarkers, and cancer informatics. It includes lots of examples using real data from the author’s many years of experience working in a cancer clinical trials unit. Features: A broad and accessible overview of statistical methods in cancer research Necessary background in cancer biology and genetics Details of statistical methodology with minimal algebra Many examples using real data from cancer clinical trials Appendix giving statistics revision.
Medical Statistics from Scratch
by David BowersCorrectly understanding and using medical statistics is a key skill for all medical students and health professionals. In an informal and friendly style, Medical Statistics from Scratch provides a practical foundation for everyone whose first interest is probably not medical statistics. Keeping the level of mathematics to a minimum, it clearly illustrates statistical concepts and practice with numerous real world examples and cases drawn from current medical literature. This fully revised and updated third edition includes new material on: missing data, random allocation and concealment of data intra-class correlation coefficient effect modification and interaction diagnostic testing and the ROC curve standardisation Medical Statistics from Scratch is an ideal learning partner for all medical students and health professionals needing an accessible introduction, or a friendly refresher, to the fundamentals of medical statistics.
Medical Statistics from Scratch: An Introduction for Health Professionals
by David BowersCorrectly understanding and using medical statistics is a key skill for all medical students and health professionals.In an informal and friendly style, Medical Statistics from Scratch provides a practical foundation for everyone whose first interest is probably not medical statistics. Keeping the level of mathematics to a minimum, it clearly illustrates statistical concepts and practice with numerous real-world examples and cases drawn from current medical literature. Medical Statistics from Scratch is an ideal learning partner for all medical students and health professionals needing an accessible introduction, or a friendly refresher, to the fundamentals of medical statistics.
Medical Statistics: A Textbook for the Health Sciences
by Michael J. Campbell David Machin Stephen J. WaltersThe 5th edition of this popular introduction to statistics for the medical and health sciences has undergone a significant revision, with several new chapters added and examples refreshed throughout the book. Yet it retains its central philosophy to explain medical statistics with as little technical detail as possible, making it accessible to a wide audience. Helpful multi-choice exercises are included at the end of each chapter, with answers provided at the end of the book. Each analysis technique is carefully explained and the mathematics kept to minimum. Written in a style suitable for statisticians and clinicians alike, this edition features many real and original examples, taken from the authors' combined many years' experience of designing and analysing clinical trials and teaching statistics. Students of the health sciences, such as medicine, nursing, dentistry, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and radiography should find the book useful, with examples relevant to their disciplines. The aim of training courses in medical statistics pertinent to these areas is not to turn the students into medical statisticians but rather to help them interpret the published scientific literature and appreciate how to design studies and analyse data arising from their own projects. However, the reader who is about to design their own study and collect, analyse and report on their own data will benefit from a clearly written book on the subject which provides practical guidance to such issues. The practical guidance provided by this book will be of use to professionals working in and/or managing clinical trials, in academic, public health, government and industry settings, particularly medical statisticians, clinicians, trial co-ordinators. Its practical approach will appeal to applied statisticians and biomedical researchers, in particular those in the biopharmaceutical industry, medical and public health organisations.
Medical Uses of Statistics
by Frederick Mosteller John C. Bailar IiiThis work explains the purpose of statistical methods in medical studies and analyzes the statistical techniques used by clinical investigators, with special emphasis on studies published in "The New England Journal of Medicine". It clarifies fundamental concepts of statistical design and analysis, and facilitates the understanding of research results.
Medical Uses of Statistics, 3rd Edition
by David C. Hoaglin John C. BailarA new edition of the classic guide to the use of statistics in medicine, featuring examples from articles in the New England Journal of Medicine Medical Uses of Statistics has served as one of the most influential works on the subject for physicians, physicians-in-training, and a myriad of healthcare experts who need a clear idea of the proper application of statistical techniques in clinical studies as well as the implications of their interpretation for clinical practice. This Third Edition maintains the focus on the critical ideas, rather than the mechanics, to give practitioners and students the resources they need to understand the statistical methods they encounter in modern medical literature. Bringing together contributions from more than two dozen distinguished statisticians and medical doctors, this volume stresses the underlying concepts in areas such as randomized trials, survival analysis, genetics, linear regression, meta-analysis, and risk analysis. The Third Edition includes: Numerous examples based on studies taken directly from the pages of the New England Journal of Medicine Two added chapters on statistics in genetics Two new chapters on the application of statistical methods to studies in epidemiology New chapters on analyses of randomized trials, linear regression, categorical data analysis, meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, and risk analysis Updated chapters on statistical thinking, crossover designs, p-values, survival analysis, and reporting research results A focus on helping readers to critically interpret published results of clinical research Medical Uses of Statistics, Third Edition is a valuable resource for researchers and physicians working in any health-related field. It is also an excellent supplemental book for courses on medicine, biostatistics, and clinical research at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. You can also visit the New England Journal of Medicine website for related information.
Medienprojekte im Mathematikunterricht: Projektentwicklung und Evaluation affektiv-motivationaler Merkmale und Leistung (Bielefelder Schriften zur Didaktik der Mathematik #13)
by Daniel BartonDaniel Barton entwickelt auf Grundlage theoretischer Rahmenmodelle hinsichtlich emotionaler und motivationaler Faktoren von Lernprozessen ein Unterrichtsprojekt im Rahmen des Mathematikunterrichts der Sekundarstufe I. In dieser Lernumgebung produzieren Schülerinnen und Schüler der neunten Jahrgangsstufe des Gymnasiums Erklärvideos zu geometrischen Körpern. In einer umfassenden Studie untersucht der Autor den Einfluss der Lernumgebung auf emotionale und motivationale Faktoren sowie die Lernentwicklung in diesem mathematischen Themengebiet. Die Befunde weisen auf eine erhöhtes intrinsische Motivation innerhalb dieser Lernumgebung sowie positive Auswirkungen auf das emotionale Erleben im Mathematikunterricht hin.Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.
Medizinische Statistik für Dummies (Für Dummies)
by Geraldine Rauch Jochen Kruppa Ulrike Grittner Konrad NeumannWenn auch Sie Ihre kleinen Problemchen mit medizinischer Statistik haben, sind Sie hier genau richtig. Mit viel Witz bringen Ihnen die Autoren Geraldine Rauch, Konrad Neumann, Ulrike Grittner, Carolin Herrmann und Jochen Kruppa die Prinzipien der Biostatistik näher. In diesem Buch lernen Sie alles, was Sie benötigen, um Statistik im medizinischen Bereich erfolgreich einzusetzen. Angefangen bei der Begriffskunde und den Grundlagen, erfahren Sie alles von Studientypen über deskriptive Verfahren, Verteilungen, Schätzungen oder Korrelation und Regression bis hin zur Ereigniszeitanalyse, diagnostischen Tests und multiplem Testen. Die Autoren bringen Ihnen das theoretisch vermittelte Wissen mit vielen anschaulichen Beispielen näher. So schaffen Sie die nächste Klausur mit Links!
Medizinische Statistik mit R und Excel
by Rainer Muche Michael Rau Stefanie LanzingerVielfach genutzt für die Verarbeitung von Daten in Tabellenform, war Excel bisher für statistische Analysen weniger geeignet. Seit 2009 kann mit dem Add-In RExcel die Statistiksoftware R eingebunden werden. Der Band bietet die erste Einführung auf Deutsch zur Benutzung der RExcel-Oberfläche. Anhand eines Beispieldatensatzes aus der Herz-Kreislaufforschung werden Deskriptive Statistik, Korrelation und Regression, statistische Tests, Überlebenszeitanalyse sowie Fallzahlplanung nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Mit Schritt-für Schritt-Anleitungen und Tipps.
Medizinische Statistik mit SAS Studio unter SODA
by Rainer Muche Gisela Büchele Martin RehmStatistische Auswertung - selbst gemacht!Der in dem vorliegenden Buch beschriebene Zugang über SAS® OnDemand for Academics (SODA) erlaubt einen kostenfreien, browser-basierten Zugang zur SAS-Software. Dabei können unter SAS Studio in einer menügesteuerten Oberfläche statistische Auswertungen ausgeführt werden. Die Oberfläche ist auch in einer deutschsprachigen Version verfügbar.Das Buch wurde so konzipiert, dass es sich hervorragend zum Selbststudium eignet. Zu Beginn wird eine Einführung in die Benutzung der SAS Studio Oberfläche gegeben. Anhand eines Beispieldatensatzes werden deskriptive Statistik, Korrelation/Regression, statistische Tests, Überlebenszeitanalyse sowie Fallzahlplanung mit zahlreichen Screen-Shots nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Eine Anleitung zur kostenlosen Registrierung von SAS-SODA ist ebenfalls enthalten. Darüber hinaus werden praktische Tipps zur Nutzung und Datenaufbereitung gegeben.So können Sie Ihre statistische Auswertung sicher und schnell selbst erledigen.Die AutorenDr. Gisela Büchele und Martin Rehm sind wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiter am Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Ulm.Prof. Dr. Rainer Muche ist stellvertretender Institutsdirektor des Instituts für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Ulm.
Meeting the Needs of Your Most Able Pupils: Mathematics (The Gifted and Talented Series)
by Lynne McClure Jennifer PiggottMeeting the Needs of Your Most Able Pupils: Mathematics provides specific guidance on: recognising high ability and potential planning, differentiation, extension and enrichment in Mathematicss teacher questioning skills support for more able pupils with special educational needs (dyslexia, ADHD, sensory impairment) homework recording and assessment beyond the classroom: visits, competitions, summer schools, masterclasses, links with universities, businesses and other organisations. The book includes comprehensive appendices with linked resources available online that feature: lesson plans and examples of activities departmental procedures and action plans identification strategies guidance on auditing provision for more able pupils. This book is an essential resource for secondary teachers, subject heads of departments, leading teachers for G&T Education (gifted and talented co-ordinators), SENCos and LA advisers.
Meeting the Standards in Primary Mathematics: A Guide to the ITT NC
by Tony BrownThis book guides readers through the professional standards and requirements to reach Qualified Teacher Status, explaining what trainees need to know. The author discusses the best ways of developing mathematical knowledge and teaching skills, and how to acquire the professional know-how needed to complete the training successfully.will: help readers to understand the Standards related to mathematics teaching offer detailed guidance on the primary mathematics curriculum help readers prepare for the QTS skills test help readers to develop the pedagogical knowledge that you need for effective teaching of mathematics help readers prepare for school-based training provide ideas, suggestions and further reading to support during their training and their NQT year. This practical guide to meeting the standards is invaluable for students on primary training courses, lecturers and mentors supporting trainees in mathematics education programmes and newly qualified teachers.
Meeting the Standards in Secondary Science: A Guide to the ITT NC
by Lynn D. NewtonThis practical, comprehensive and accessible book will prove invaluable for students on secondary initial teacher training courses, PGCE students, lecturers on science education programmes and newly qualified secondary teachers.It provides: the pedagogical knowledge needed to teach science in secondary schools support activities for work in schools and self-study information on professional development for secondary teachers.
Megadisasters: The Science of Predicting the Next Catastrophe
by Florin DiacuThe history and science behind efforts to predict major disasters, from tsunamis to stock market crashesCan we predict cataclysmic disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or stock market crashes? The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 claimed more than 200,000 lives. Hurricane Katrina killed over 1,800 people and devastated the city of New Orleans. The recent global financial crisis has cost corporations and ordinary people around the world billions of dollars. Megadisasters is a book that asks why catastrophes such as these catch us by surprise, and reveals the history and groundbreaking science behind efforts to forecast major disasters and minimize their destruction.Each chapter of this exciting and eye-opening book explores a particular type of cataclysmic event and the research surrounding it, including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, rapid climate change, collisions with asteroids or comets, pandemics, and financial crashes. Florin Diacu tells the harrowing true stories of people impacted by these terrible events, and of the scientists racing against time to predict when the next big disaster will strike. He describes the mathematical models that are so critical to understanding the laws of nature and foretelling potentially lethal phenomena, the history of modeling and its prospects for success in the future, and the enormous challenges to scientific prediction posed by the chaos phenomenon, which is the high instability that underlies many processes around us.Yielding new insights into the perils that can touch every one of us, Megadisasters shows how the science of predicting disasters holds the promise of a safer and brighter tomorrow.
Mehr Diversity im demografischen Wandel: Impulse für ein innovatives Personalmanagement (essentials)
by Ariane Bentner Sevim DylongIn diesem Essential finden Personalverantwortliche und Führungskräfte ausgewählte Hintergrundinformationen zum Thema demografischer Wandel sowie Impulse für ein innovatives und zukunftsfähiges Personalmanagement, das die damit zusammenhängenden Entwicklungen berücksichtigt. Sie erhalten konkrete Hinweise, wie sie ihr HR-Management optimal aufstellen können, um dem demografischen Wandel gewachsen zu sein. Darüber hinaus vermitteln die Autorinnen leicht umsetzbare Strategien für die HR-Praxis und geben Empfehlungen auf der Basis des aktuellen Wissensstandes.
Mehrgittermethoden
by Norbert KöcklerAuf der Grundlage der iterativen Standard-Verfahren zur Lösung von großen, schwach besetzten linearen Gleichungssystemen werden die Mehrgittermethoden an Hand einfacher Modellprobleme eingeführt. Es werden leicht verständlich und mit vielen Beispielen die wichtigsten mathematischen und algorithmischen Eigenschaften behandelt. Übungen mit Lösungen runden den Text ab, der auch als Einführung für Ingenieure geeignet sein soll.
Mehrsprachige Pflegebedürftige in deutschen Pflegeheimen und das Projekt UnVergessen: Studierende an der Schnittstelle von Forschung und Gesellschaft
by Katrin Bente KarlIn diesem Open-Access-Sammelband geht es um das preisgekrönte Projekt UnVergessen, in dessen Verlauf Studierende sprachliche Unterstützung für pflegebedürftige Immigrant*innen in Form von regelmäßigen Besuchen leisten.Deutschland gilt als Einwanderungsland, durch den demographischen Wandel wächst die Anzahl älterer und damit auch pflegebedürftiger Menschen, deren Erstsprache nicht Deutsch ist. Im Alter kann es bei mehrsprachigen Personen zu sprachlichen Ausdrucksschwierigkeiten, v.a. in der später erworbenen Sprache kommen, denen in Pflegeheimen nicht zwangsläufig begegnet werden kann. Eine Folge dessen ist eine zunehmende sprachliche, kulturelle und soziale Isolierung dieser Pflegebedürftigen. Die Beiträge widmen sich dieser Personengruppe und bieten Einblicke in ein besonderes Studienprojekt, das an der Schnittstelle von Forschung und sozialem Engagement für Sichtbarkeit sorgen soll.
Mehrsprachigkeit im sprachbildenden Mathematikunterricht: Gelingensbedingungen und didaktische Potenziale in sprachlich heterogenen Klassen (Dortmunder Beiträge zur Entwicklung und Erforschung des Mathematikunterrichts #53)
by Ángela UribeIn einem verstehensorientierten sprachbildenden Mathematikunterricht wird Sprache als Denkwerkzeug und somit als Schlüssel zum konzeptuellen Verständnis verstanden. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage nach der Rolle anderer Sprachen neben der Unterrichtssprache im Lehr-Lern-Prozess. Insbesondere in einer mehrsprachigen Gesellschaft – wie Deutschland – treffen im Unterricht diverse Sprachen aufeinander und die Lernenden bringen eine Vielzahl von Ressourcen als Teil ihrer sprachlichen Repertoires mit, die über die Unterrichtssprache hinausgehen. Diese mehrsprachigen Repertoires der Lernenden können gerade für die Bedeutungskonstruktion beim Aufbau von konzeptuellem Verständnis eine wertvolle Ressource darstellen. Das vorliegende Buch trägt dazu bei, den Einbezug dieser vielfältigen Repertoires im Mathematikunterricht in sprachlich heterogenen Regelklassen zu konkretisieren. Es bietet dabei sowohl unmittelbare Ansatzpunkte für die Praxis als auch eine solide Grundlage für zukünftige Untersuchungen, die darauf abzielen, den Mathematikunterricht in einer zunehmend mehrsprachigen Welt weiter zu verstehen und zu verbessern. Das Buch markiert einen bedeutenden Schritt vorwärts im Einbezug von Mehrsprachigkeit als Ressource im Mathematikunterricht und setzt damit ein starkes Signal für eine inklusive und weltoffene Didaktik.
Meister von Raum und Zahl: Mathematikerporträts aus drei Jahrtausenden
by Thomas Hellweg2500 Jahre Ringen um einen scheinbar so einfachen Begriff wie den der Zahl. Eine ebenso lange Beschäftigung mit den Fragen des Raumes, der Messung von Entfernungen und Winkeln, der Geometrie und Astronomie. Schon früh kommt die Erkenntnis, dass sich die räumlichen Verhältnisse mit Zahlen beschreiben lassen und dass hierfür zusätzlich zu den Zählzahlen weitere Zahlen benötigt werden. So wachsen die Konzepte von Raum und Zahl zusammen und unternehmen gemeinsam kaum geahnte Höhenflüge. Die Fragen von Raum und Zahl haben seit dem Altertum begabte Menschen angezogen und beschäftigt, die in einer einmaligen Kontinuität an ihnen gearbeitet haben – die Meister von Raum und Zahl, oder die Mathematiker. Ihre Rolle in der Entwicklung unserer Kultur wird in der Öffentlichkeit kaum wahrgenommen. Dabei gibt es kaum eine faszinierendere Entwicklung in der menschlichen Geistesgeschichte als die der Mathematik.
Mellin-Barnes Integrals: A Primer on Particle Physics Applications (Lecture Notes in Physics #1008)
by Ievgen Dubovyk Janusz Gluza Gábor SomogyiIn this book, the authors discuss the Mellin-Barnes representation of complex multidimensional integrals. Experiments frontiered by the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider at CERN and future collider projects demand the development of computational methods to achieve the theoretical precision required by experimental setups. In this regard, performing higher-order calculations in perturbative quantum field theory is of paramount importance. The Mellin-Barnes integrals technique has been successfully applied to the analytic and numerical analysis of integrals connected with virtual and real higher-order perturbative corrections to particle scattering. Easy-to-follow examples with the supplemental online material introduce the reader to the construction and the analytic, approximate, and numeric solution of Mellin-Barnes integrals in Euclidean and Minkowskian kinematic regimes. It also includes an overview of the state-of-the-art software packages for manipulating and evaluating Mellin-Barnes integrals. The book is meant for advanced students and young researchers to master the theoretical background needed to perform perturbative quantum field theory calculations.
Melody and Harmony
by Diana Thistle Tremblay Annette CateDid you know that music is all about math? Every good composer knows their scales, along with the repetition, frequencies, and vibration that go into making harmonies and melodies that are pleasing to hear.
Membrane Biophysics
by Jack A. Tuszynski Mohammad AshrafuzzamanPhysics, mathematics and chemistry all play a vital role in understanding the true nature and functioning of biological membranes, key elements of living processes. Besides simple spectroscopic observations and electrical measurements of membranes we address in this book the phenomena of coexistence and independent existence of different membrane components using various theoretical approaches. This treatment will be helpful for readers who want to understand biological processes by applying both simple observations and fundamental scientific analysis. It provides a deep understanding of the causes and effects of processes inside membranes, and will thus eventually open new doors for high-level pharmaceutical approaches towards fighting membrane- and cell-related diseases.
Membrane Filtration
by Greg FoleyFocusing on the application of membranes in an engineering context, this hands-on computational guide makes previously challenging problems routine. It formulates problems as systems of equations solved with MATLAB, encouraging active learning through worked examples and end-of-chapter problems. The detailed treatments of dead-end filtration include novel approaches to constant rate filtration and filtration with a centrifugal pump. The discussion of crossflow microfiltration includes the use of kinetic and force balance models. Comprehensive coverage of ultrafiltration and diafiltration processes employs both limiting flux and osmotic pressure models. The effect of fluid viscosity on the mass transfer coefficient is explored in detail, the effects of incomplete rejection on the design and analysis of ultrafiltration and diafiltration are analysed, and quantitative treatments of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration process analysis and design are explored. Includes a chapter dedicated to the modelling of membrane fouling.
Memetic Computation: The Mainspring Of Knowledge Transfer In The Data-driven Optimization Era (Adaptation, Learning, and Optimization #21)
by Abhishek Gupta Yew-Soon OngThis book bridges the widening gap between two crucial constituents of computational intelligence: the rapidly advancing technologies of machine learning in the digital information age, and the relatively slow-moving field of general-purpose search and optimization algorithms. With this in mind, the book serves to offer a data-driven view of optimization, through the framework of memetic computation (MC). The authors provide a summary of the complete timeline of research activities in MC – beginning with the initiation of memes as local search heuristics hybridized with evolutionary algorithms, to their modern interpretation as computationally encoded building blocks of problem-solving knowledge that can be learned from one task and adaptively transmitted to another. In the light of recent research advances, the authors emphasize the further development of MC as a simultaneous problem learning and optimization paradigm with the potential to showcase human-like problem-solving prowess; that is, by equipping optimization engines to acquire increasing levels of intelligence over time through embedded memes learned independently or via interactions. In other words, the adaptive utilization of available knowledge memes makes it possible for optimization engines to tailor custom search behaviors on the fly – thereby paving the way to general-purpose problem-solving ability (or artificial general intelligence). In this regard, the book explores some of the latest concepts from the optimization literature, including, the sequential transfer of knowledge across problems, multitasking, and large-scale (high dimensional) search, systematically discussing associated algorithmic developments that align with the general theme of memetics. The presented ideas are intended to be accessible to a wide audience of scientific researchers, engineers, students, and optimization practitioners who are familiar with the commonly used terminologies of evolutionary computation. A full appreciation of the mathematical formalizations and algorithmic contributions requires an elementary background in probability, statistics, and the concepts of machine learning. A prior knowledge of surrogate-assisted/Bayesian optimization techniques is useful, but not essential.
Memetics and Evolutionary Economics: To Boldly Go Where no Meme has Gone Before (Economic Complexity and Evolution)
by Michael P. SchlaileThis book explores the question of whether and how meme theory or “memetics” can be fruitfully utilized in evolutionary economics and proposes an approach known as “economemetics” which is a combination of meme theory and complexity theory that has the potential to combat the fragmentation of evolutionary economics while re-connecting the field with cultural evolutionary theory. By studying the intersection of cultural and economic evolution, complexity economics, computational economics, and network science, the authors establish a connection between memetics and evolutionary economics at different levels of investigation. The book first demonstrates how a memetic approach to economic evolution can help to reveal links and build bridges between different but complementary concepts in evolutionary economics. Secondly, it shows how organizational memetics can help to capture the complexity of organizational culture using meme mapping. Thirdly, it presents an agent-based simulation model of knowledge diffusion and assimilation in innovation networks from a memetic perspective. The authors then use agent-based modeling and social network analysis to evaluate the diffusion pattern of the Ice Bucket Challenge as an example of a “viral meme.” Lastly, the book discusses the central issues of agency, creativity, and normativity in the context of economemetics and suggests promising avenues for further research.