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Valori trigonometrici esatti per tutti gli angoli e i poligoni
by Bhava Nath Dahal F. RossiValori trigonometrici esatti per tutti gli angoli interi e i poligoni. I valori esatti sono basati solo sulla radice di 2. Il metodo, denominato Precise - Rewritten, è nuovo rispetto al metodo classico della trigonometria.
Valuation and Volatility: Stakeholder's Perspective
by Dinabandhu BagThis textbook provides a first-hand account of impact of volatility on valuations. It focuses on valuation of the investment with fair, practical and insightful explanations. Volatility in markets can form the foundation of fair value. A marginal change in volatility has a significant impact on the effective cost of borrowing (capital). Portfolio managers, fund managers and corporates continue to watch as prices plunge due to volatility and can impose future restrictions on their skillful maneuver. The book highlights the approaches, design of tests, comparison and matching or making of models. It delves into techniques for measuring the contours and boundaries of risk and translating the losses to end impact. It explains the post facto and post period nuances to recover from money loss. The book further elaborates combining positions and hedging, to evaluate and choose to conduct tests of effectiveness. It provides guidance on benchmarks of portfolios, tax implications and carrying forward benefits of losses. The text includes examples and business use cases that build on analysis, common tools and highlights the end use of volatility for stakeholders.
Valuation of Network Effects in Software Markets: A Complex Networks Approach
by Andreas KemperThe customer base is an important value driver of software companies and a reliable prediction of its development is fundamental for investment decisions. A particularity in software markets is that an individual's purchasing decision is often influenced by other users' choices. Although such customer network effects are evident, their quantitative assessment remain elusive with conventional approaches. This book contributes to closing this gap by developing methods for measuring network effects and their implications for valuation in software markets. Based on the theory of complex networks the book reveals that such diffusion processes highly depend on structural properties of customer networks. Moreover, it depicts that such insights are contributions to improve the quality of valuations in software markets. But the implications of this research also comprise social and political aspects as they can be applied in order to prevent corporate failures in all network effect markets.
Value Change in Global Perspective
by Paul R. AbramsonIn this pioneering work, Paul R. Abramson and Ronald Inglehart show that the gradual shift from Materialist values (such as the desire for economic and physical security) to Post-materialist values (such as the desire for freedom, self-expression, and the quality of life) is in all likelihood a global phenomenon. Value Change in Global Perspectiveanalyzes over thirty years worth of national surveys in European countries and presents the most comprehensive and nuanced discussion of this shift to date. By paying special attention to the way generational replacement transforms values among mass publics, the authors are able to present a comprehensive analysis of the processes through which values change. In addition,Value Change in Global Perspectiveanalyzes the 1990-91 World Values Survey, conducted in forty societies representing over seventy percent of the world's population. These surveys cover an unprecedentedly broad range of the economic and political spectrum, with data from low-income countries (such as China, India, Mexico, and Nigeria), newly industrialized countries (such as South Korea) and former state-socialist countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. This data adds significant new meaning to our understanding of attitude shifts throughout the world. Value Change in Global Perspectivehas been written to meet the needs of scholars and students alike. The use of percentage, percentage differences, and algebraic standardization procedures will make the results easy to understand and useful in courses in comparative politics and in public opinion. Paul R. Abramson is Professor of Political Science, Michigan State University. Ronald Inglehart is Professor of Political Science and Program Director, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
Value Creation in Management Accounting and Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach
by Satoshi Sugahara Nabyla Daidj Sumitaka UshioThis book explores two combined approaches (strategy and accounting) from a cross-disciplinary perspective in order to improve knowledge of value creation in various contexts. Existing studies on this topic have generally adopted a purely account-based or strategy-oriented approach to address this issue. However, this book draws upon a number of well-defined theoretical and empirical backgrounds and methodologies. Since the 1980s, many changes have occurred and companies have increasingly focused their strategies on value creation. Consequently, new strategic directions have emerged, especially for managerial accounting. Management accounting and alignment with strategy could thus improve performance. This book encourages further thought and reflection on these issues which should be pursued in the future as firms face new challenges associated with the acceleration of digital transformation.
Value Functions on Simple Algebras, and Associated Graded Rings
by Jean-Pierre Tignol Adrian R. WadsworthThis monograph is the first book-length treatment of valuation theory on finite-dimensional division algebras, a subject of active and substantial research over the last forty years. Its development was spurred in the last decades of the twentieth century by important advances such as Amitsur's construction of non crossed products and Platonov's solution of the Tannaka-Artin problem. This study is particularly timely because it approaches the subject from the perspective of associated graded structures. This new approach has been developed by the authors in the last few years and has significantly clarified the theory. Various constructions of division algebras are obtained as applications of the theory, such as noncrossed products and indecomposable algebras. In addition, the use of valuation theory in reduced Whitehead group calculations (after Hazrat and Wadsworth) and in essential dimension computations (after Baek and Merkurjev) is showcased. The intended audience consists of graduate students and research mathematicians.
The Value of Information: Methodological Frontiers and New Applications in Environment and Health
by Molly K. Macauley Ramanan LaxminarayanThe book examines applications in two disparate fields linked by the importance of valuing information: public health and space. Researchers in the health field have developed some of the most innovative methodologies for valuing information, used to help determine, for example, the value of diagnostics in informing patient treatment decisions. In the field of space, recent applications of value-of-information methods are critical for informing decisions on investment in satellites that collect data about air quality, fresh water supplies, climate and other natural and environmental resources affecting global health and quality of life.
Value of Information for Healthcare Decision-Making (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Anna Heath Natalia Kunst Christopher JacksonValue of Information for Healthcare Decision-Making introduces the concept of Value of Information (VOI) use in health policy decision-making to determine the sensitivity of decisions to assumptions, and to prioritise and design future research. These methods, and their use in cost-effectiveness analysis, are increasingly acknowledged by health technology assessment authorities as vital. Key Features: Provides a comprehensive overview of VOI Simplifies VOI Showcases state-of-the-art techniques for computing VOI Includes R statistical software package Provides results when using VOI methods Uses realistic decision model to illustrate key concepts The primary audience for this book is health economic modellers and researchers, in industry, government, or academia, who wish to perform VOI analysis in health economic evaluations. It is relevant for postgraduate researchers and students in health economics or medical statistics who are required to learn the principles of VOI or undertake VOI analyses in their projects. The overall goal is to improve the understanding of these methods and make them easier to use.
The Value of Science: Essential Writings of Henri Poincare (Modern Library Science)
by Henri PoincaréMore than any other writer of the twentieth century, Henri Poincaré brought the elegant, but often complicated, ideas about science and mathematics to the general reader. A genius who throughout his life solved complex mathematical calculations in his head, and a writer gifted with an inimitable style, Poincaré rose to the challenge of interpreting the philosophy of science to scientists and nonscientists alike. His lucid and welcoming prose made him the Carl Sagan of his time. This volume collects his three most important books: Science and Hypothesis (1903); The Value of Science (1905); and Science and Method (1908).
Value, Technical Change and Crisis: Explorations in Marxist Economic Theory
by David LaibmanThis text brings together studies in various aspects of the theory of the capitalist economy. It focuses on major themes of the Marxist tradition that postulate the existence and importance of social relations and structures underlying the esoteric realm of economic categories: prices, profits, wages, etc. The author takes a reappraising, critical look at the concepts of the deep structure - value, explitation, immanent crisis - using the analytical tools of modern economics to improve those concepts. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 explores the essential nature of capitalism, re-examining problems in the theory of value and exploitation. Part 2 tackles the issue of capitalism-specific paths of growth and technical change, putting forward a rigorous theory of biased technical change and non-steady-state growth. Part 3 examines the cyclical character of capitalist growth and the theory of crises. Finally, Part 4 places capitalism in the wider framework of modes of production, considering the theory of precapitalist formations and aspects of the theory and practical experience of socialism. The guiding theme is the combination, or confrontation, of rigorous, quantitative analytical techniques with equally demanding qualitative and political-economic conceptualization. The book's premise is that this interface is essential to a progressive yet distinctively Marxist social theory.
Values and Valuing in Mathematics Education: Scanning and Scoping the Territory (ICME-13 Monographs)
by Philip Clarkson Wee Tiong Seah JeongSuk PangThis engaging open access book discusses how a values and valuing perspective can facilitate a more effective mathematics pedagogical experience, and allows readers to explore multiple applications of the values perspective across different education systems. It also clearly shows that teaching mathematics involves not only reasoning and feelings, but also students’ interactions with their cultural setting and each other.The book brings together the work of world leaders and new thinkers in mathematics educational research to improve the learning and teaching of mathematics. Addressing themes such as discovering hidden cultural values, a multicultural society and methodological issues in the investigation of values in mathematics, it stimulates readers to consider these topics in cross-cultural ways, and offers suggestions for research and classroom practice.It is a valuable resource for scholars of mathematics education, from early childhood through to higher education and an inspiring read for all mathematics teachers.
Values and Valuing in Mathematics Education: Moving Forward into Practice
by Yüksel Dede Gosia Marschall Philip ClarksonThis book is a follow-up to 'Values and Valuing in Mathematics Education: Scanning and Scoping the Territory' (2019, Springer). This book adds a critical emphasis on practice and fosters thinking concerning positive mathematical well-being, engagement, teacher noticing, and values alignment among a range of critical notions that intersect with values and valuing. Values and valuing play a key role in many aspects of education, such as assessment, planning, classroom interactions, choosing tasks, and general well-being. What one values and finds important in the learning and teaching of mathematics operates within the intersection of all social, cognitive, and affective aspects of school pedagogy, making values a significant holistic factor in education. The chapters explore potential teaching strategies that enhance the understanding of the central place of values in mathematics itself as a subject, as well as how values impact how mathematics is used withinsociety. This book includes examples of strategies for facilitating students’ meaningful engagement with, and conscious learning of, values when engaging in mathematical thinking and doing.
Vanika Kanitham (Business Maths) 11th Standard - Tamilnadu Board
by State Council of Educational Research TrainingVanika Kanitham (Business Maths) Textbook for the 11th Standard Students, preparing for Tamil Nadu State Board Exam.
Vanika Kanitham Thoguthi - I (Business Maths Part I) 12th Standard - Tamilnadu Board
by State Council of Educational Research TrainingVanika Kanitham (Business Maths) Textbook Part I for the 12th Standard Students, preparing for Tamil Nadu State Board Exam.
Vanika Kanitham Thoguthi - II (Business Maths Part II) 12th Standard - Tamilnadu Board
by State Council of Educational Research TrainingVanika Kanitham (Business Maths) Textbook Part II for the 12th Standard Students, preparing for Tamil Nadu State Board Exam.
Variable Lebesgue Spaces
by Alberto Fiorenza David V. Cruz-UribeThis book provides an accessible introduction to the theory of variable Lebesgue spaces. These spaces generalize the classical Lebesgue spaces by replacing the constant exponent p with a variable exponent p(x). They were introduced in the early 1930s but have become the focus of renewed interest since the early 1990s because of their connection with the calculus of variations and partial differential equations with nonstandard growth conditions, and for their applications to problems in physics and image processing. The book begins with the development of the basic function space properties. It avoids a more abstract, functional analysis approach, instead emphasizing an hands-on approach that makes clear the similarities and differences between the variable and classical Lebesgue spaces. The subsequent chapters are devoted to harmonic analysis on variable Lebesgue spaces. The theory of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is completely developed, and the connections between variable Lebesgue spaces and the weighted norm inequalities are introduced. The other important operators in harmonic analysis - singular integrals, Riesz potentials, and approximate identities - are treated using a powerful generalization of the Rubio de Francia theory of extrapolation from the theory of weighted norm inequalities. The final chapter applies the results from previous chapters to prove basic results about variable Sobolev spaces.
Variable Neighborhood Search: 6th International Conference, ICVNS 2018, Sithonia, Greece, October 4–7, 2018, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11328)
by Angelo Sifaleras Said Salhi Jack BrimbergThis book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Variable Neighborhood Search, ICVNS 2018, held in Sithonia, Greece, in October 2018. ICVNS 2018 received 49 submissions of which 23 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected. VNS is a metaheuristic based on systematic changes in the neighborhood structure within a search for solving optimization problems and related tasks. The main goal of ICVNS 2018 was to provide a stimulating environment in which researchers coming from various scientific fields could share and discuss their knowledge, expertise, and ideas related to the VNS metaheuristic and its applications.
The Variable-Order Fractional Calculus of Variations (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Delfim F. M. Torres Dina Tavares Ricardo AlmeidaThe Variable-Order Fractional Calculus of Variations is devoted to the study of fractional operators with variable order and, in particular, variational problems involving variable-order operators. This brief presents a new numerical tool for the solution of differential equations involving Caputo derivatives of fractional variable order. Three Caputo-type fractional operators are considered, and for each one, an approximation formula is obtained in terms of standard (integer-order) derivatives only. Estimations for the error of the approximations are also provided. The contributors consider variational problems that may be subject to one or more constraints, where the functional depends on a combined Caputo derivative of variable fractional order. In particular, they establish necessary optimality conditions of Euler–Lagrange type. As the terminal point in the cost integral is free, as is the terminal state, transversality conditions are also obtained.The Variable-Order Fractional Calculus of Variations is a valuable source of information for researchers in mathematics, physics, engineering, control and optimization; it provides both analytical and numerical methods to deal with variational problems. It is also of interest to academics and postgraduates in these fields, as it solves multiple variational problems subject to one or more constraints in a single brief.
Variable Ordering Structures in Vector Optimization
by Gabriele EichfelderThis book provides an introduction to vector optimization with variable ordering structures, i. e. , to optimization problems with a vector-valued objective function where the elements in the objective space are compared based on a variable ordering structure: instead of a partial ordering defined by a convex cone, we see a whole family of convex cones, one attached to each element of the objective space. The book starts by presenting several applications that have recently sparked new interest in these optimization problems, and goes on to discuss fundamentals and important results on a wide range of topics. The theory developed includes various optimality notions, linear and nonlinear scalarization functionals, optimality conditions of Fermat and Lagrange type, existence and duality results. The book closes with a collection of numerical approaches for solving these problems in practice.
Variables and Patterns: Introducing Algebra (Texas)
by Glenda Lappan James T. Fey William M. Fitzgerald Susan N. Friel Elizabeth Difanis Phillips WestWords Inc.NIMAC-sourced textbook
Variables and Patterns, Introducing Algebra
by Glenda Lappan James T. Fey William M. Fitzgerald Susan N. Friel Elizabeth Difanis PhillipsNIMAC-sourced textbook
Variables & Patterns: Focus on Algebra (Connected Mathematics #3)
by Patterns Focus on Algebra Glenda Lappan Elizabeth Difanis Phillips James T. Fey Susan N. Friel Connected Mathematics VariablesIn Variables and Patterns, you will study some basic ideas of algebra and learn some ways to use those ideas to solve problems and make decisions.
Variance-Constrained Multi-Objective Stochastic Control and Filtering
by Zidong Wang Lifeng Ma Yuming BoUnifies existing and emerging concepts concerning multi-objective control and stochastic control with engineering-oriented phenomena Establishes a unified theoretical framework for control and filtering problems for a class of discrete-time nonlinear stochastic systems with consideration to performance Includes case studies of several nonlinear stochastic systems Investigates the phenomena of incomplete information, including missing/degraded measurements, actuator failures and sensor saturations Considers both time-invariant systems and time-varying systems Exploits newly developed techniques to handle the emerging mathematical and computational challenges
Variant Construction from Theoretical Foundation to Applications
by Jeffrey ZhengThis open access book presents theoretical framework and sample applications of variant construction. The first part includes the components variant logic, variant measurements, and variant maps, while the second part covers sample applications such as variation with functions, variant stream ciphers, quantum interference, classical/quantum random sequences, whole DNA sequences, and multiple-valued pulse sequences. Addressing topics ranging from logic and measuring foundation to typical applications and including various illustrated maps, it is a valuable guide for theoretical researchers in discrete mathematics; computing-, quantum- and communication scientists; big data engineers; as well as graduate and upper undergraduate students.
Variational Analysis: Critical Extremals and Sturmian Extensions
by Marston MorseThis text presents extended separation, comparison, and oscillation theorems that replace the classical analysis of Legendre, Jacobi, Hilbert, and others. Its analysis of related quadratic functionals shows how critical extremals can substitute for minimizing extremals.Author Marston Morse is renowned for his development of a version of variational theory with applications to equilibrium problems in mathematical physics--the theory known as Morse theory, which forms a vital role in global analysis. He begins this treatment of variational analysis with an extended investigation of critical extremals that proceeds to quadratic index forms, advanced and free. Additional topics include focal conditions and Sturm-like theorems, general boundary conditions, and prestructures for characteristic root theory. A helpful pair of appendixes include supplementary information on free linear conditions and subordinate quadratic forms and their complementary forms.